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Historiographical Study on Vijayanagara Dynasty: an Empirical Observations 1Dr.P
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 9, Issue 4, April 2019 321 ISSN 2250-3153 Historiographical Study on Vijayanagara Dynasty: An Empirical Observations 1Dr.P. Bhaskara Rao DOI: 10.29322/IJSRP.9.04.2019.p8844 http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.9.04.2019.p8844 Introduction This work elaborates study of Vijayanagara historiography and its importance from the beginning of human society, the man had to try to live a better life. The human life has transformed through various stages i.e. hunting-gathering to the globalization of the world in the present day. The economy, trade, and commerce had a crucial role to change the structure and thoughts of human society. In the part of developments, man has started barter system in the ancient period to control over the trade and commerce as well as monetary system continuing till today in terms of rupee coins and currency which were issuing by Government of India. The present study focuses on the historical resources during the Vijayanagara period. The VijayaNagara dynasty was founded in 1336 A.D. to protect the Indian culture. Though many dynasties were ruled in South India, there was a vacuum, which was filled by the Vijaya Nagara after Kakatiyas, and the Reddi Kingdoms. There were a disturbance and difficulties in Andhra during 13th Century A.D. after the downfall of powerful kingdoms the local chiefs and feudatories were tried to be independent but it was spoiled by the Muslim invasions. By this time the strong pillars of VijayaNagara founded to foil the enemy’s strategy and made the unity among the local people. -
Reflections 2016
Volume VII, 2016 REFLECTIONS ach time I get to say something for this column, I have done so with a feeling of more pride Ethan before. This time, I owe that pride to the position Ramaiah University has found itself- in the top 100 universities of India in 2016. Our lives today move faster than ever, thanks to the pace that society is moving. Every event that happens, scientic or social, is reaching out farther, stronger and longer than ever before. As an Bowling Robot for World Robot Olympiad, 2016 academician, I can’t help often brooding over the research challenges that are created in the wake of Acknowledgments such change. The editorial team sincerely thanks Dr. S. R. Showcased in this issue are articles from faculty and Shankapal, Vice- Chancellor, Ramaiah students that reect their pursuits from research thru adventure. I and my team hope these interest you, the University of Applied Sciences for giving the reader, to forge or strengthen your relationship with opportunity to bring out this seventh issue of the university. ‘Reections’. The team also thanks all faculty, Dr. B. V. Vijay students and staff who have contributed Editor to the content of this issue. Dr. B. V. Vijay Dileepa C. Dr. Arun R. Rao Editorial Team Vignesh R. Dr. Ashmitha K. S. Goutham N. Chiranjith Barui Dr. Neena Prasad Ms. Sathiya R. Mrs. R. G. Shilpa Contents 4 What is required to make a “Global University”? - Dr. S. R. Shankapal 6 Future solutions could lie in the past… - Dr. S. Shrinivasan 7 Seriously, India Needs a Mission for Optimization - Dr. -
South-Indian Images of Gods and Goddesses
ASIA II MB- • ! 00/ CORNELL UNIVERSITY* LIBRARY Date Due >Sf{JviVre > -&h—2 RftPP )9 -Af v^r- tjy J A j£ **'lr *7 i !! in ^_ fc-£r Pg&diJBii'* Cornell University Library NB 1001.K92 South-indian images of gods and goddesse 3 1924 022 943 447 AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF MADRAS GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. IN INDIA. A. G. Barraud & Co. (Late A. J. Combridge & Co.)> Madras. R. Cambrav & Co., Calcutta. E. M. Gopalakrishna Kone, Pudumantapam, Madura. Higginbothams (Ltd.), Mount Road, Madras. V. Kalyanarama Iyer & Co., Esplanade, Madras. G. C. Loganatham Brothers, Madras. S. Murthv & Co., Madras. G. A. Natesan & Co., Madras. The Superintendent, Nazair Kanun Hind Press, Allahabad. P. R. Rama Iyer & Co., Madras. D. B. Taraporevala Sons & Co., Bombay. Thacker & Co. (Ltd.), Bombay. Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta. S. Vas & Co., Madras. S.P.C.K. Press, Madras. IN THE UNITED KINGDOM. B. H. Blackwell, 50 and 51, Broad Street, Oxford. Constable & Co., 10, Orange Street, Leicester Square, London, W.C. Deighton, Bell & Co. (Ltd.), Cambridge. \ T. Fisher Unwin (Ltd.), j, Adelphi Terrace, London, W.C. Grindlay & Co., 54, Parliament Street, London, S.W. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. (Ltd.), 68—74, iCarter Lane, London, E.C. and 25, Museum Street, London, W.C. Henry S. King & Co., 65, Cornhill, London, E.C. X P. S. King & Son, 2 and 4, Great Smith Street, Westminster, London, S.W.- Luzac & Co., 46, Great Russell Street, London, W.C. B. Quaritch, 11, Grafton Street, New Bond Street, London, W. W. Thacker & Co.^f*Cre<d Lane, London, E.O? *' Oliver and Boyd, Tweeddale Court, Edinburgh. -
PROFILE of ANANTAPUR DISTRICT the Effective Functioning of Any Institution Largely Depends on The
PROFILE OF ANANTAPUR DISTRICT The effective functioning of any institution largely depends on the socio-economic environment in which it is functioning. It is especially true in case of institutions which are functioning for the development of rural areas. Hence, an attempt is made here to present a socio economic profile of Anantapur district, which happens to be one of the areas of operation of DRDA under study. Profile of Anantapur District Anantapur offers some vivid glimpses of the pre-historic past. It is generally held that the place got its name from 'Anantasagaram', a big tank, which means ‘Endless Ocean’. The villages of Anantasagaram and Bukkarayasamudram were constructed by Chilkkavodeya, the Minister of Bukka-I, a Vijayanagar ruler. Some authorities assert that Anantasagaram was named after Bukka's queen, while some contend that it must have been known after Anantarasa Chikkavodeya himself, as Bukka had no queen by that name. Anantapur is familiarly known as ‘Hande Anantapuram’. 'Hande' means chief of the Vijayanagar period. Anantapur and a few other places were gifted by the Vijayanagar rulers to Hanumappa Naidu of the Hande family. The place subsequently came under the Qutub Shahis, Mughals, and the Nawabs of Kadapa, although the Hande chiefs continued to rule as their subordinates. It was occupied by the Palegar of Bellary during the time of Ramappa but was eventually won back by 136 his son, Siddappa. Morari Rao Ghorpade attacked Anantapur in 1757. Though the army resisted for some time, Siddappa ultimately bought off the enemy for Rs.50, 000. Anantapur then came into the possession of Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan. -
Praying Through Politics, Ruling Through Religion
Praying through Politics, Ruling Through Religion: The Rajarajeswaram as an Instrument of Economic and Political Unification in the Chola Empire Preeti Talwai Andrew Shanken, GSI Kartikeya Date Architecture 170A 23 November 2010 Talwai 1 Introduction Sacred spaces throughout architectural history are rarely limited to reflecting religious ideology. Many layers of socio-cultural, political, or economic motives can be peeled away from famous religious buildings over time. The Hindu temple of South India is no exception. At first a purely religious institution, it evolved into an imperial political and economic instrument with an influence far beyond the religious sphere. This paper will examine the temple which is canonically considered the apex of Hindu temple architecture, which marked the shift to royal temple patronage: the Rajarajeswaram temple (Sri Brihadeshwara) at Tanjore, in modern day Tamil Nadu, India. Completed in 1010 C.E. during the reign of Rajaraja Chola I, the Rajarajeswaram is a monumental institution that relies on double-coding in its architectural forms to both religiously appeal to the masses as well as to politically control and economically benefit a vast empire. The paper will first lay out the background of the bhakti (devotional) temples to show their contrast with the royal temple. It will then address the temple’s architectural elements of structure, art, sculpture, and inscription in each main part of its layout, with respect to the novel political and economic meanings that the temple pioneered. Finally, the paper will discuss temple management and the monetary system of devadana, or land grants, the sustaining backbone of this new economic system. -
Balaji Srinivasan, Gandhi Balasubramanian, Uma V Chandru
Comparison of Tamil Shaiva Visual Narratives in Lepakshi with Community Theatre Traditions of Thanjavur and Thiruvarur Balaji Srinivasan, Gandhi Balasubramanian, Uma V Chandru A draft version of this paper was previously presented on March 5, 2016 at the National Seminar on “Visual Art Forms of Medieval India,” K Mrutyunjaya Rao (Ed,) in the compendium of the National Seminar papers. Publisher: The Registrar, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, 2016, pp.14 -20 Introduction The Lepakshi Veerabhadraswamy temple in Ananthapur District, Andhra Pradesh has one of the largest collections of medieval murals in South India and the best preserved examples of the 16th century Vijayanagara style paintings. The sculpture and continuous narrative reliefs on the pillars and walls of the mahamandapa, natyamandapa, and the unfinished kalyanamandapa are also significant both in quality and quantity. Some of the devotional narratives of paintings and reliefs in this temple are from the Thanjavur and Thiruvarur region of present day Tamil Nadu. The monkey-faced king Muchukunda in the ceiling of the cave area in Lepakshi is depicted worshipping Thyagarajaswamy in Thiruvarur. The Beda Kannappa or Kannappa Nayanar narrative painted on the ceiling of the mahamandapa and two other Tamil Shaiva devotional narratives of sacrifice - the Siriyala Charithram depicted in bas relief panels on the east and north walls of the mahamandapa and the Manuneethi Chola story depicted in a ceiling mural in the natyamandapa are described by the 12th century Tamil poet Sekkizhar in his Periyapuranam (great Purana). In this paper we compare the structure and aesthetics of the Manuneethi Chola painting and Siriyala Charithram narrative relief panels in Lepakshi with their © Balaji Srinivasan, Gandhi Balasubramanian, Uma V Chandru International Institute of Art, Culture and Democracy tangible and intangible heritage parallels in Thanjavur and Thiruvarur region of Tamil Nadu, where they are part of the Sthalapuranas. -
The Evolution of the Temple Plan in Karnataka with Respect to Contemporaneous Religious and Political Factors
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 22, Issue 7, Ver. 1 (July. 2017) PP 44-53 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org The Evolution of the Temple Plan in Karnataka with respect to Contemporaneous Religious and Political Factors Shilpa Sharma 1, Shireesh Deshpande 2 1(Associate Professor, IES College of Architecture, Mumbai University, India) 2(Professor Emeritus, RTMNU University, Nagpur, India) Abstract : This study explores the evolution of the plan of the Hindu temples in Karnatak, from a single-celled shrine in the 6th century to an elaborate walled complex in the 16th. In addition to the physical factors of the material and method of construction used, the changes in the temple architecture were closely linked to contemporary religious beliefs, rituals of worship and the patronage extended by the ruling dynasties. This paper examines the correspondence between these factors and the changes in the temple plan. Keywords: Hindu temples, Karnataka, evolution, temple plan, contemporary beliefs, religious, political I. INTRODUCTION 1. Background The purpose of the Hindu temple is shown by its form. (Kramrisch, 1996, p. vii) The architecture of any region is born out of various factors, both tangible and intangible. The tangible factors can be studied through the material used and the methods of construction used. The other factors which contribute to the temple architecture are the ways in which people perceive it and use it, to fulfil the contemporary prescribed rituals of worship. The religious purpose of temples has been discussed by several authors. Geva [1] explains that a temple is the place which represents the meeting of the divine and earthly realms. -
Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts, New Delhi, India 1
Indira Gandhi National Centre For the Arts, New Delhi, India 1 ARCHITECTURE ARTICLES Alexander Mack, The Temple district of Vitthalapura, New light on Hampi- Recent reseaches at Vijayanagara, Eds. John M. Fritz and George Michell, Marg Publications, Bombay, 2001, pp. 24-39. This article deals with Vitthalapura, a suburb of Vijayanagara, which served as centre of pilgrimage, and also as a day to day business centre for local residents. The boundaries and features of Vitthalapura, the Alvar temples which are architecturally very significant are discussed. The residents and their structural remains are also noted. The busy bazaars and the agricultural activities extended around the Vitthala Temple. Anila Verghese, Mandapas in Vijayanagara Temples, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bombay, 7 ( New Series). * * * Anila Verghese and Dieter Eigner, A Monastic Complex in Vitthalapura, Hampi – Vijayanagara, Journal of South Asian Studies, Vol. 4, 1998, pp. 127-140. * * * Anila Verghese, Krishnadevaraya’s Monument of Victory, the Krishna Temple at Vijayanagara, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bombay, 71 (New Series), 197-207, 1996c. * * * Anila Verghese, The Tiruvengalanatha Temple in Krishnapura, Vijayanagara, Progress of Research 1988-91, Eds. D.V Devraj and Channabasappa, S. Patil, Directorate of Archaeology and Museums, Mysore, 1996 a, pp. 179-191. This article speaks about the Tiruvengalanatha temple situated near the Uaddana Virabhadra Temple at Krishnapurapete. This was built in 1545 A.D. Its architecture, sculpture and iconography are explained. The evolution of temple architecture and the religious situation prior to and after the destruction of the city of Vijayanagara are discussed here. Anila Verghese, The Virupaksa Temple of A.D. -
State of Conservation Report Regarding Progress So Far Made with Regard to the Recommendations of the World Heritage Committee in Decision 37COMB.61
Name of the Property: Group of Monuments at Hampi (India) (C 241) State of Conservation report regarding progress so far made with regard to the recommendations of the World Heritage Committee in Decision 37COMB.61. 1. Response from the State Party to the World Heritage Committee’s Decision, 37 COM 7B.61 , paragraph by paragraph A. Removal of debris of the collapsed bridge and the relocation of the vehicular bridge outside of the property; The Public Works Department of Government of Karnataka, has resumed the work of removing the remaining part of the collapsed bridge viz., debris, columns and carriageway, without disturbing the nearby cultural resources, by adopting state of the art technology and the work is almost complete. As regards the relocation of the vehicular bridge, cultural impact assessment study has been completed and location of the vehicular bridge as recommended in the impact assessment study has been identified. B. Completed Integrated Management Plan together with a synthesis and a prioritisation of existing recommendations and intentions, for review by the World Heritage Centre and the Advisory Bodies - The Integrated Management Plan (draft already submitted to the WHC in 2006) gives an overall framework for the Management & protection of Hampi World Heritage Site. It is reiterated that as per the draft IMP recommendations the following actions have been implemented since January 2006 by Government of Karnataka and Archaeological Survey of India. Sno IMP recommendation Agency 1 Preparing a official Base Map HWHAMA -
An Estimate of Dhruva – the Rastrakuta Emperor (780-793 A.D.)
www.ijcrt.org © 2021 IJCRT | Volume 9, Issue 3 March 2021 | ISSN: 2320-2882 An Estimate of Dhruva – The Rastrakuta Emperor (780-793 A.D.) Sampath Kumar B.E. Assistant professor of History. Department of History Vijaya College, Mulki,India Abstract: Dhruva is one of the greatest monarchs of the Rashtrakuta dynasty and was principally responsible for giving a new trend to the imperial policy of the Rashtrakutas. During his time, there was no power in India to challenge the supremacy of the Rashtrakutas. Index Terms - Dhruva, Rashtrakuta, Southern conquests, Northern expeditions, Great military figure. I. INTRODUCTION Dhruva is one of the most illustrious monorcs of the Rashtrakuta dynasty. His accession to the throne marks a turning point. His reign witnessed certain epoch-making events which raised the dynasty, whose fortunes had sunk low in the previous regime, to the status of a great imperial power, so much so that every contemporary royal house in India was struck with a sense of fear and anxiety. Though his period of rule was not very long, yet it is significant from several points of view. He moved like a whirlwind and conducted lightning campaigns against the Gangas of Talkadu, Pallavas of Kanchi, Chalukyas of Vengi, the Gurjara Pratiharas and the Palas, the last two being the great powers of the north. All these powers were compelled to acknowledge the supremacy of Dhruva and forced to pay tribute to him. Not merely in the domain of military activity, but also in administration and in education he made substantial contribution. It has to be confessed that historical material on the reign of Dhruva is meagre, which makes the task of a historian all the more difficult. -
Fairs and Festivals, Part VII-B
PRG. 179.11' em 75-0--- . ANANTAPUR CENSUS OF INDIA 1961 VOLUME II ANDHRA PRADESH PART VII-B (10) FAIRS AND F ( 10. Anantapur District ) A. CHANDRA S:EKHAR OF THE INDIAN ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE Sltl}erintendent of Cens'Us Ope'rations. Andhru Pradesh Price: Rs. 7.25 P. or 16 Sh. 11 d.. or $ 2.fil c, 1961 CENSUS PUBLICATIONS, ANDHRA PRADESH (All the Census Publications of this State will bear Vol. No. II) PART I-A General Report PART I-B Report on Vital Statistics PART I-C Subsidiary Tables PART II-A General Population Tables PARt II-B (i) Economic Tables [B-1 to B-1VJ PART II-B (ii) Economic Tables [B-V to B-IXJ PARt II-C Cultural and Migration Tables PART III Household Economic Tables PART IV-A Housing Report and Subsidiary Tables PART IV-B Housing and Establishment Tables PART V-A Special Tables for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes PART V-B Ethnographic Notes on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribe5 PART VI Village Survey Monographs (46") PART VII-A (I)) Handicraft Survey Reports (Selected Crafts) PART VII-A (2) J PART VlI-B (1 to 20) Fairs and Festivals (Separate Book for each District) PART VIII-A Administration Report-Enumeration "'\ (Not for PART VIII-B Administration Report-Tabulation J Sale) PART IX State Atlas PART X Special Report on Hyderabad City District Census Handbooks (Separate Volume for each Dislricf) Plate I: . A ceiling painting of Veerabhadra in Lepakshi temple, Lepakshi, Hindupur Taluk FOREWORD Although since the beginning of history, foreign travellers and historians have recorded the principal marts and entrepots of commerce in India and have even mentioned impo~'tant festivals and fairs and articles of special excellence available in them, no systematic regional inventory was attempted until the time of Dr. -
Sustaining Landscapes of Heritage
Sustaining Landscapes of Cultural Heritage: The Case of Hampi, India Final Report to The Global Heritage Fund Produced by Morgan Campbell 2012 Sustaining Landscapes of Heritage This report is the result of the Global Heritage Fund’s 2011 Preservation Fellowship Program. Research was undertaken by Morgan Campbell, a PhD student of Urban Planning and Public Policy at Rutgers University, during the summer of 2012. Global Heritage Fund Morgan Campbell 625 Emerson Street 200 [email protected] Palo Alto, CA 94301 www.globalheritagefund.org Sustaining Landscapes of Heritage ii Dedication I am incredibly grateful to numerous people for a variety of reasons. My time in Hampi during the summer of 2012 was one of the most significant experiences in my life. First, I dedicate this work to the Global Heritage Fund for providing me with the support to pursue questions of participatory planning in Hampi’s World Heritage Area. I thank James Hooper, whose earlier research in Hampi provided me with a good foundation and Dan Thompson who was incredibly understanding and supportive. Second, I’m deeply indebted to Shama Pawar of The Kishkindra Trust in Anegundi. Easily one of the most dynamic people I’ve ever met, without her assistance—which came in the form of conversations, tangible resources, and informal mentoring—I would have never been able to undergo this research project. It was because of Shama that I was able to experience and learn from Hampi’s living heritage. This report is about people, people who live in a heritage landscape. The residents of Hampi’s World Heritage Area are spread across time and space, so that when I say residents, I am referring to those living in the present and those who have lived in the past.