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Forest Products Forest Annual Market Annual Review 2014-2015

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Forest Products Forest Annual Market Annual Review 2014-2015 UNECE Forest Products Forest Annual MarketAnnual Review 2014-2015 UNECE Forest Products - Annual Market Review 2014-2015 UNITED NATIONS UNECE Forest Products Annual Market Review 2014-2015 II UNECE/FAO Forest Products Annual Market Review, 2014-2015 NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Data for the Commonwealth of Independent States is composed of these twelve countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Republic of Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. DISCLAIMER The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or carry the endorsement of the United Nations. ABSTRACT The Forest Products Annual Market Review 2014-2015 provides a comprehensive analysis of markets in the UNECE region and reports on the main market influences outside the UNECE region, using the best-available data from diverse sources. It covers the range of products from the forest to the end-user: from roundwood and primary-processed products to value-added products and those used in housing. Statistics-based chapters analyse the markets for wood raw materials, sawn softwood, sawn hardwood, wood- based panels, paper, paperboard and woodpulp. Other chapters analyse policies, institutional forestland ownership and its effects on forest products markets, and markets for wood energy. The Review highlights the role of sustainable forest products in international markets. Policies concerning forests and forest products are discussed, as well as the main drivers and trends. The Review also analyses the effects of the current economic situation on forest products markets. ECE/TIM/SP/39 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATIONS Sales No. E.15.II.E.13 ISBN 978-92-1-117097-9 eISBN 978-92-1-057560-7 ISSN 1020-2269 UNECE/FAO Forest Products Annual Market Review, 2014-2015 III FOREWORD The UNECE/FAO Forest Products Annual Market Review 2014-2015 provides an early look at, and a comprehensive analysis of, forest products markets and policies in the UNECE region in 2014 and the first half of 2015. It focuses on the various sectors of the forest products industry, presenting data and analyses of markets and the policy and economic factors driving trends. This information is critical: many rural livelihoods in the UNECE region have a significant stake in the forest sector, and the products covered by the review offer a multitude of options for greener, low-carbon economies. In previous editions, the Review described the slow recovery of forest products markets in developed economies. The recovery has now picked up a little steam, but is uneven across the countries and industries of the region. The currencies used to trade wood products fluctuated significantly in late 2014 and early 2015. These fluctuations, along with global changes in competition, trade and policies, and the ownership of forestlands, have had significant impacts on the UNECE region’s forest products industry. This year’s edition of the Review provides a first assessment of these and other impacts on the various sectors and the trade flows of wood products. It is likely that these fluctuations will continue to change where wood is harvested, transformed and consumed, with significant impacts on States/Countries in the UNECE region and the rest of the world. The recovery is uneven across subsectors of the forest products industry. The woodpulp sector is probably the most striking example of an industry that has been shaken structurally: for example, the consumption of newsprint in North America is now half of what it was ten years ago. Electronic bill pay, e-readers and email have drastically reduced paper consumption for billing, media, books and communication, while the consumption of packaging paper products has increased due to the rise of online shopping. On the other hand, some long-standing products, such as railway ties, continue to be in demand. Other breakthrough changes are occurring in the forest sector. The traditional limits of wood in engineering have changed, with new products such as cross-laminated timber allowing the construction of wooden buildings that are 14 storeys tall. Many countries in the region now have policies to support the use of wood, not only because of wood’s suitability for construction but also because of its strong green credentials – it is renewable, has low embodied carbon, and constitutes a carbon store. We take this occasion to express our appreciation to everyone who has played a part in the preparation of this joint publication – the experts, the many partner organizations, the information suppliers, the governments, and the staff of our two organizations. Fernanda Guerrieri Christian Friis Bach Assistant Director-General ad interim Executive Secretary & Under-Secretary-General Forestry Department United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations IV UNECE/FAO Forest Products Annual Market Review, 2014-2015 CONTENTS FOREWORD .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. III ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ X CONTRIBUTORS TO THE PUBLICATION ...................................................................................................................................................................................... XI STATISTICAL CORRESPONDENTS ................................................................................................................................................................................................... XII ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS ...................................................................................................................................................................... XVI 1 Overview of forest products markets and policies .................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Economic developments with implications on the forest sector ................................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Policy and regulatory developments affecting the forest products sector ............................................................................................ 3 1.4 Institutional forestland ownership .................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Summary of regional and subregional markets ....................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.6 References ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11 2 Policies shaping forest products markets ....................................................................................................................................................................... 11 2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 2.2 Trade-related .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 12 2.3 Energy-related ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14 2.4 Environment-related .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 15 2.5 Carbon-relate ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 18 2.6 Conclusion .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
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