Caribbean ANTH 290C MWF: 12:30 pm to 1:30 pm JSC 161 Fall 2013

Professor: Gillian Richards-Greaves Office Hours: Fridays, 4pm-5pm Email:[email protected] and by appointment Office: Asbury Hall 307 Office Telephone: (765) 658-6309 ______

COURSE DESCRIPTION:

The Caribbean region is comprised of islands, such as Bahamas and Trinidad, and continental regions, including Belize, Suriname, and Guyana. The Caribbean is culturally diverse, comprising of peoples from various regions of the world, including China, India, and West Africa. This course explores the , development, and “culture” of the Caribbean by interrogating how the intersections of various forces—including slavery, colonialism, politics, music, and migration—shaped the region.

COURSE GOALS:

1. Understand the historical factors that gave rise to the diversity of the Caribbean region 2. Identify the role of CARICOM in shaper intra-Caribbean relationships and identities 3. Articulate the positive and negative roles of tourism in shaping national identities 4. Use anthropological theories and methods as a framework for examining practices and themes in the Caribbean that are common to most societies, including subsistence, politics and power, class, family and kinship, religion, ritual, race and ethnicity. 5. Utilize fundamental anthropological research methods to conduct ethnographic research 6. Identify the ways that politics, religion, music, and other cultural values and expressions are reinterpreted in transnational contexts 7. Identify how anthropological perspectives are applied to solve real life problems.

Required Book/Materials

Knight, Franklin W. and Colin A. Palmer, Eds. 1989. The Modern Caribbean. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press.

Manuel, Peter. 2006. Caribbean Currents: Caribbean Music from Rumba to Reggae, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

• Additional articles are assigned and are available on Moodle under Library course reserves. Please bring a copy of the reading to class on the day it is assigned.

ASSIGNMENTS & GRADING

Quiz (10%). This is an in-class, closed-book quiz that is designed to evaluate your progress in the course and familiarize you with my style of testing. The quiz will consist of one essay question and two short-answer questions.

Group Research Project (20%). During the course of the semester you will assign yourselves to groups (4 persons per group) and will execute a research project on the issues and concepts directly relevant to the Caribbean. The goal of this project is to enable you to apply anthropological research methods to further interrogate the complexities of the Caribbean, and to come up with tangible solutions to the problems that persist in this region. A write-up (15-20 pages) of your research findings and solutions is required for the Group Research Project. Before beginning this project, however, you must submit a one-page proposal (5% of overall grade), describing your research question, methods, location, and other relevant information. A detailed description of the research proposal and project will be discussed in class and placed on Moodle by the second week of classes.

Group Presentation (20%) This is an in-class, twenty-minute PowerPoint presentation of your research findings, solutions, and applications. Your presentation must be organized, informative, and creative. Leave us wanting to know more about your research area or topic.

Mid-term Exam (20 %). This in-class, closed-book exam will consist of short answers and essay questions. It will cover the core issues and concepts discussed in class.

Final Map-Concept Exam (25 %) This is an in-class, closed-book exam that evaluates students’ knowledge of the Caribbean region and specific processes that shaped its development. This exam will test your knowledge of the of the region, as well as evaluate your understanding of the intersections of race, class, gender, and other anthropological issues on the socio-historical, political, and cultural climate of the transnational Caribbean.

Participation (10%) Complete assigned readings and come to class prepared to discuss issues and concepts addressed in those readings. Here are some questions to consider when reading articles: 1) What is the main point (s) of the reading? 2) How is the reading relevant to the topic course topic? 3) How can you apply what you have read to solve real life issues?

Grades in this course are determined by the following criteria:

Research Proposal 5% Quiz 10% Research Project 20% Group Presentation 15% Midterm 20% Caribbean Anthropology, 2013 Page 2 of 10

Final Map Exam 20% Participation 10%

Grading Scale:

A 94%+ A- 90-93% B+ 87-89% B 84-86% B- 80-83% C+ 77-79% C 74-76% C- 70-73% D+ 67-69% D 64-66% D- 60-63% F 59%-

The following information will help you better understand the criteria for graded material:

A= exceptionally thought-provoking, original, creative in both content and manner of presentation, and a skillful use of concepts and/or materials which are fully supported.

B= presents a solid understanding of the subject matter and an ability to handle the issues and materials encountered in the subject with only minor errors.

C= demonstrates an adequate understanding of the subject matter with central ideas present, but too general, repetitious and not clearly supported or integrated with evidence and details.

D= a minimally acceptable performance with a confusing central idea and lacking details. Parts of the assignment are missing and/or incomplete.

F= shows lack of effort and minimal comprehension of material with major mechanical errors, no thesis, and misuse of key concepts.

ACADEMIC INTEGRITY POLICY

Remember to give credit where credit is due. Students who present another writer’s words as their own or who neglect to cite proper bibliographical information when referring to material published on-line, in reference books, or in a journal or book of any kind are subject to disciplinary action by the university.

DePauw’s policy states that “cheating, plagiarism, submission of the work of others, etc. violates DePauw policy on academic integrity and may result in penalties ranging from a lowered grade to course failure or expulsion.” (http://www.depauw.edu/files/resources/tipsplanningcoursesyllabi2.pdf)

To familiarize yourselves with proper citation procedures, please visit the W center and/or online resources such as (http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/). Please see the following link for more information about the university’s academic integrity policy. http://www.depauw.edu/handbooks/academic/policies/integrity/

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LAPTOPS Laptop computers are allowed ONLY for note-taking purposes and for viewing relevant course materials during class discussion.

ATTENDANCE AND PUNCTUALITY

Attendance and punctuality are crucial to your overall participation grade. I take attendance everyday. If you have to miss class to observe a religious holiday, please provide me with written notification at least two weeks in advance. You are allowed one unexcused absence, but I will deduct 5 points from your final grade for each absence thereafter. If you have to miss class for medical reasons, please bring me a doctor’s notes.

Be punctual and prepared. Submit assignments on the day they are due. I will deduct three points from assignments submitted a day after the deadline. If assignments are submitted I will NOT accept assignments a week after the due date.

STUDENT DISABILITY SERVICES

DePauw University is committed to providing equal access to academic programs and University administered activities with reasonable accommodations to students with disabilities, in compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act and Amendments (ADAAA). Any student who feels she or he may need an accommodation based on the impact of a disability or learning challenge is strongly encouraged to contact Pamela Roberts, Coordinator of Student Disability Services for further information on how to receive accommodations and support. Student Disability Services is located at 101 E. Seminary St., 765-658-6267.

SCHEDULE OF CLASSES: TOPICS, ASSIGNED READINGS, AND ACTIVITIES

Important: Readings, class topics, and projects may be subject to minor changes. These changes will be announced on Moodle and in class. Please check the website each week for announcements and updates.

Week Date Lecture Topic Readings Aug. 28 Introductions None. Reading: Yelvington, Kevin A. 2001. “The Aug. 30 What is Anthropology of Afro-Latin America and the Caribbean: Caribbean Diasporic Dimensions.” Annual Review of Anthropology Anthropology? 30: 227-260. 01 Reading: Slocum, Karla. 2003. “Rethinking Global and …” Anthropology.” American Anthropologist 105(3): 553-565. Sept. 2 Reading: Truillot, Michel-Rolph. 1992. “The Caribbean The Caribbean Region: An Open Frontier in Anthropological Theory” Region: An Annual Review of Anthropology 21, pp. 19-42. Overview Reading: Herskovits, Melville. 1930. “The Negro in the 02 New World: The Statement of a Problem,” American Anthropologist 32, 145-155.

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Sept. 4 Reading: Knight, Franklin W. and Colin A. Palmer, Chapter 1 (pgs. 1-20). Reading: Henke, Holger. 1996. “Mapping the ‘Inner Plantation’: A Cultural Exploration of the Origins of Caribbean Local Discourse.” Social and Economic Studies 45(4): 51-75. Sept. 6 CARICOM (Caribbean Community). Visit the Caricom’s website to get an overview of the nature and role of this league of nations. http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/original_treaty.j sp?menu=community Reading: McIntyre, Arnold. 2000. “Caricom and the WTO.” Social and Economic Studies 49(1): 83-112. Reading: Gonzales, Anthony Peter and Tracy Evans. “Caricom Trade Strategies and Hemispheric Integration.” Caribbean Studies 31(2): 59-95. Sept. 9 Reading: Manuel, Peter. 2006. Caribbean Currents. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Chapter 1 (pgs. 1-18). 03 Reading: Smith, M.G. 1961. “The Plural Framework of

Jamaican Society” British Journal of Sociology 12(3), Plural Society: pp. 249-262. Sept. 11 Race, Ethnicity, Reading: Léon, Madeline Barbara and William Léons. Class 1977. “The Utility of Pluralism: M.G. Smith and Plural Theory” American Ethnologist 4(3), pp. 559-575. Reading: Austin, Diane J. 1983. “Culture and Ideology in the English-Speaking Caribbean: A View from Jamaica” American Ethnologist 10(2), pp. 223-240. Sept. 13 Reading: Knight, Franklin W. and Colin A. Palmer, Eds. 1989. The Modern Caribbean. Chapter 5 (pgs. 111- 129). Reading: Munasinghe,Viranjini. 2002. “Nationalism in Hybrid Spaces: The Production of Impurity out of Purity.” American Ethnologist 29(3): 663-692. Research Proposal Due. Sept. 16 Reading: Apter, Andrew. 2002. “On African Origins: Creolization and Connaissance in Haitian Vodou” American Ethnologist 29(2), pp. 233-260. Reading: Cérol, M. 1992. “What History Tells Us 04 About the Development of Creole in Guadaloupe” New West Indian Guide 66(1/2), pp. 61-76. Creolization & Sept. 18 Reading: Rahier, Jean Muteba. 2003. “Mestizaje, Mestizaje Mulataje, Mestiçagem in Latin American Ideologies of National Identities” Journal of Latin American

Anthropology 8(1), pp. 40-51.

Reading: Gerstin, J. 2004. “Tangled Roots: Kalenda and Other Neo-African Dances in the Circum- Caribbean” New West Indian Guide 78(1/2), pp. 5-41.

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Sept. 20 Reading: Knight, Franklin W. and Colin A. Palmer, Eds. 1989. The Modern Caribbean. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press. Chapter 8 (pgs. 169- 184). Reading: Price, Richard. 2001. “The Miracle of Creolization: A Retrospective” New West Indian Guide 75(1/2), pp. 35-64. Sept. 23 Reading: Obeah. Browne, Randy. 2011. The “Bad Business” of Obeah: Power, Authority, and the Politics of Slave Culture in the British Caribbean. William and Folklore & Mary Quarterly, 3d ser., 68(3): 451-480. Reading: Paton, Diana. 2012. “Witchcraft, Poison, Law, Religion and Atlantic Slavery.” The William and Mary Quarterly 69(2): 235-264. Sept. 25 Reading: Syncretism. Pérez y Mena, Andrés I. 1998. 05 “Cuban Santería, Haitian Vodun, Puerto Rican

Spiritualism: A Multiculturalist Inquiry into Syncretism. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 37(1): 15-27. Reading: Fandrich, Ina J. 2007. “Yorùbá Influences on Haitian Vodou and New Orleans Voodoo.”Journal of Black Studies 37(5):775-791. Sept. 27 Reading: Lewis, Linden. 1990. “Exploring the Folk Culture of Barbados through the Medium of the Folk Tale.” Caribbean Studies 23(3/4): 85-94.

Reading: Roback, Judith. 1974. “The White-Robed QUIZ Army: An Afro-Guyanese Religious Movement.” Source: Anthropologica, New Series 16(2):233-268 QUIZ Sept. 30 Reading: Roberts, Justin. 2006. “Working between the Lines: Labor and Agriculture on Two Barbadian Sugar Plantations, 1796-97.” The William and Mary Quarterly, Third Series 63(3): 551-586.

Reading: Khan, Aisha. 1994. “Juthaa in Trinidad: food, Food: Production pollution, and hierarchy in a Caribbean Diaspora community.” American Ethnologist 21(2): 245-269. and Consumption Oct. 2 Reading: Richards-Graves, Gillian. 2013. “The 06 Intersections of ‘Guyanese Food’ and Constructions of Gender, Race and Nationhood.” In Food and Identity in the Caribbean. Hanna Garth, Ed. Pp. 75-94. Oxford: Berg Publishers. Reading: Wilk, Richard R. 1999. “Real Belizean Food": Building Local Identity in the Transnational Caribbean.” American Anthropologist, New Series 101(2): 244-255. Oct. 4 REVIEW FOR MIDTERM

Oct. 7 MIDTERM EXAM

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Oct. 9 Reading: Cabezas, Amalia L. 2008. “Tropical Blues: Tourism and Social Exclusion in the Dominican Republic.” Latin American Perspectives 35(3), The Impact of Tourism in Latin America, pp. 21-36. Reading: Nelson, Velvet. 2005. “Representation and Images of People, Place and Nature in Grenada's Tourism.” Geografiska Annaler. Series B, Human Tourism/Sex Geography 87(2), Special Issue: PowerOver Time- tourism Space: The Inaugural Nordic Geographers Meeting, pp. 07 131-143. Oct. 11 Reading: Kempadoo, Kempadoo. 2001. “Frelancers, Temporary Wives and Beach Boys: Research Sex Work in the Caribbean.” Feminist Review 67: 39-62. Reading: Campbell, Shirley, Althea Perkins, and Patricia Mohammed. 2001. “‘Come to Jamaica and Feel Alright’: Tourism and the Sex Trade.” Sun Sex and Gold. Tourism and Sex Work in the Caribbean. Kamala Kempadoo, ed. Maryland: Roman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc. Pp. 125-156. Reading: Reddock, Rhoda E. 1985. “Women and Oct. 14 Slavery in the Caribbean: A Feminist Perspective.” Latin American Perspectives 12(1), Latin America's Colonial History, 63-80. 08 Reading: Blackwood, Evelyn. 2005. “Wedding Bell Gender, Blues: Marriage, Missing Men, and Matrifocal Follies” Marriage, & American Ethnologist 32(1): 3-19. [A new take on matrifocality]. Sexuality Oct. 16 Reading: Springer, Jennifer Thorington. 2007. “Reconfigurations of Caribbean History: Michelle Cliff's Rebel Women.” Meridians 7(2): 43-60. Reading: Mohammed, Patricia. 1998. “Towards Indigenous Feminist Theorizing in the Caribbean.” Feminist Review, 59, Rethinking Caribbean Difference, pp. 6-33. Oct. 18 Reading: White, Ruth C. and Robert Carr. 2005. “Homosexuality and HIV/AIDS Stigma in Jamaica.” Culture, Health & Sexuality 7(4):347-359 Reading: Murray, David A. B. 1999. “Laws of Desire? Race, Sexuality, and Power in Male Martinican Sexual Narratives” 26(1), pp. 160-172. Oct. 19-Oct. 27 Fall Break. No Class. Reading: [Jamaica, Reggae]: Manuel, Peter. 2006. Caribbean Currents. Philadelphia: Temple University Oct. 28 Press. Chapter 7 (pgs. 177-215). Reading: Rommen, Timothy. 2006. “Protestant Vibrations? Reggae, Rastafari, and Conscious Evangelicals.” Popular Music 25(2): 235-263.

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Reading: [Trinidad, Steel pan]: Manuel, Peter. 2006. Caribbean Currents. Philadelphia: Temple University 09 Oct. 30 Press. Chapter 8 (pgs. 216-248). Reading: Aho, William R. 1987. “Steel Band Music in Music, Identity, Trinidad and Tobago: The Creation of a People's Nationalism Music.” Latin American Music Review 8(1):26-58 Reading: [The Dominican Republic, Merengue; Bachata]: Manuel, Peter. 2006. Caribbean Currents. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Chapter 5 (pgs. Nov. 1 116-140). Reading: Pacini, Deborah. 1989. “Social Identity and Class in "Bachata," an Emerging Dominican Popular Music.” Latin American Music Review 10(1): 69-91 Group Research Paper Due. Reading: Mintz, Sydney W. 1955. The Jamaican Nov. 4 Internal Marketing Pattern: Some Notes and Hypotheses. Social and Economic Studies 4(1): 95-103. Reading: Freeman, Carla. 1998. “Femininity and

Flexible Labor: Fashioning class through gender on the global assembly line.” Critique of Anthropology 18(3): 245-262. Nov. 6 Politics, Reading: Knight, Franklin W. and Colin A. Palmer, 10 Economy, and Chapter 9 (pgs. 185-202); Chapter 11 (pgs. 229-258). Society Reading: Sutton, Paul. 1991. “Politics in the Commonwealth Caribbean: The Post-Colonial Experience.” European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies 51: 51-66 Nov. 8 Reading: Allahar, Anton L. 2002. “Race” and Class in the Making of Caribbean Political Culture.” Transforming Anthropology 10(2): 13-39. Reading: Knight, Franklin. 1994. “The New Caribbean and the United States.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 533, Trends in U.S.-Caribbean Relations, pp. 33-47 Reading: [Trinidad, Carnival]. Campbell, Susan. 1988. “Carnival, Calypso, and Class Struggle in Nineteenth Century Trinidad.” History Workshop 26:1- 27. 11 Nov. 11 Reading: Crowley, Daniel J. 1999. “The Sacred and Rituals, Festivals, The Profane in African and African-Derived Carnivals” and Public Western Folklore 58(3/4):223-228. Performance Reading: [Bahamas, Junkanoo]. Sans, Rosita M. Nov. 13 1991. “Carnival Celebrations in Africa and the New World: Junkanoo and the Black Indians of MardiGras.” Black Music Research Journal 11(1): 75-92. Reading: Bethel, Clement. 1990. “Junkanoo in the Bahamas.” Caribbean Quarterly 36(3/4): 1-28.

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Nov. 15 Reading: [Guyana: Kweh-kweh] Edwards, Walter. 1982. “A Description and Interpretation of the Kwe- Kwe Tradition in Guyana.” Folklore 93(2): 181-192. Reading: Gibson, Kean. 1998.An Analysis of Traditional Kwe-Kwe Songs. Kyk-Over-Al 48(163- 198). Nov. 18 Reading: Bickerton, D. 1999. “Perspectives on Creole Language History” New West Indian Guide 73(1/2), pp. 97-102. Reading: Bonner, Donna. 2001. “Garifuna Children's Language Shame: Ethnic Stereotypes, National Affiliation, and Transnational Immigration as Factors in Language Choice in Southern Belize.” Language in Language and Society 30(1): 81-96. Nov. 20 Communication Reading: Toussaint, Michael. 2009. “Trinidad Calypso as Postmodernism in the Diaspora...” Research in African Literatures 40(1), Oral Literature and Identity Formation in Africa and the Diaspora, pp. 137-144. Reading: Abrahams, Roger and Richard Bauman. (1971). “Sense and Nonsense in St. Vincent: Speech 12 Behavior and Decorum in a Caribbean Community.” American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 73, No. 3. (Jun.), pp. 762-772. Also found in The Man-of-Words in the West Indies. Reading: Non-verbal communication. Figueroa, Esther. 2005. “Rude Sounds: Kiss Teeth and Nov. 22 Negotiation of the Public Sphere,” in Politeness and Face in Caribbean Creoles. Susanne Muhleisen and Bettina Migge, eds. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins. pp 73-99. Reading: Rickford, John R. and Angela E. Rickford. 1976. “Cut-Eye and Suck-Teeth: African Words and Gestures in New World Guise.” The Journal of American Folklore 89(353): 294-309. 13 Nov. 25 Poems: “The Revolt of Chief Tacky,” Alma Norman Literature and [Slave Rebellion]; “Colonization in Reverse,” Louise Cultural Bennett [Migration]; “Ol’ Higue,” Wordsworth Immersion McAndrew [Folk beliefs/spirituality].

Short Story: V. S. Naipaul

Nov. 27-Dec. 1 Thanksgiving Recess. No Class.

Reading: Foner, Nancy. 1998. “West Indian Identity in the Diaspora: Comparative and Historical Perspectives.” Latin American Perspectives 25(3), Race and National 14 Dec. 2 Identity in the Americas, 173-188. Caribbean Anthropology, 2013 Page 9 of 10

Reading: Knight, Franklin W. and Colin A. Palmer, Eds. 1989. “Caribbean Migrations.” The Modern Caribbean. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press. Chapter 10 (pgs. 203-228). Dec. 4 Reading: Condon, Stephanie and Philip E. Ogden. 1991. “Afro-Caribbean Migrants in France: Employment, State Policy and the Migration Process.” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, Migration, New Series, 16(4): 440-457. Diaspora, and Reading: Jackson, Jennifer V and Mary E. Cothran. Transnationalism 2003. Black versus Black: The Relationships among African, African American, and African Caribbean Persons. Journal of Black Studies 33(5):576-604. Dec. 6 Reading: [West Indian American Day Carnival, New York City] Allen, Ray. 1999. “J'ouvert in Brooklyn Carnival: Revitalizing Steel Pan and Ole Mas Traditions” Western Folklore 58(3/4): 255-277. Reading: Alleyne, Mike. 1998. “‘Babylon Makes Rules’: The Politics of Reggae Crossover.” Social and Economic Studies 47(1): 65-77. Dec. 9 GROUP PRESENTATIONS

Dec. 11 GROUP PRESENTATIONS Dec. 13 FINAL MAP EXAM REVIEW 15

16 Dec. 20 8:30am-11:30am FINAL MAP EXAM

Map of the Caribbean

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