Security & Defence European

a 7.90 D European & Security ES & Defence 2/2016 International Security and Defence Journal Defending the Gulf ISSN 1617-7983 • The Obama Legacy and Beyond Submarine Weapons and Sensors www.euro-sd.com • The 2016 presidential campaign in the United States is New developments will influence the future balance of dominated by foreign and security policy. the world‘s naval forces. COUNTRY FOCUS: SWEDEN April 2016 Politics · Armed Forces · Procurement · Technology “When you’re in a hostile environment, miles from a safe landing area, the last thing you need is a question mark about reliability. I had complete confi dence in the EJ200 engines, allowing me to focus on the combat task.” UK RAF Wing Commander in Libya The EJ200: the engine that gets you home. With cutting-edge technology and unrivalled build quality, the EJ200 has proven time and again to be the most reliable engine in its class. To fi nd out how our market- leading design and maintenance concept ensure that you will always be able to fulfi l your operational requirements, visit us at www.eurojet.de Photo: © Eurofi ghter / Geoff Lee rey / Geoff ghter © Eurofi Photo: EJ_Ad_RAFAirPower_216x303.indd 1 15/04/2016 11:46:07 Editorial The UK Does not Follow an Isolated Avenue The declared compromise which David only left-wing or right-wing populists Cameron snatched from the Heads of that would like to turn their back on the State and Government of the other 27 EU. Six government members support EU Member States in a 30-hour negotia- the campaign for an exit. They have tion marathon enables him to plead for been joined by the popular London Lord the remaining of his country in the Un- Mayor Boris Johnson who is seen as a ion while saving face. While he hurried possible successor to Cameron. He is to a cabinet meeting in London before still concerned about further centralisa- announcing the date for the “Brexit Ref- tion of competences by the EU and the erendum”, the consternated heads of creeping superimposition of British law the EU bureaucracy tried to keep their by European legislation. composure. “What matters is that all The EU is well advised not to under- stayed at the negotiating table”, meant estimate the symbolic effect of the Council President Donald Tusk, as if hos- agreement reached with London. A tile conflict parties had come together conspicuous question mark has been to cautiously agree upon a ceasefire. put behind the certainty with which a Commission President Jean-Claude further progressing integration toward Juncker gave free rein to his ironic vein: a European Federal State in Brussels was “The UK has always enjoyed a certain masqueraded as a dictate of historical special status in the EU. Today´s agree- reason. In this respect, the UK is not ment once again underlined it.” treading its own particular path. Also in In David Cameron´s interpretation, this many other Member States, scepticism agreement is however more than just has grown as to whether Europe is still the continuation of a tradition that al- on the right track. Almost everywhere in lowed the British, as also some other Europe, the political landscape has seen Member States, to claim certain excep- tectonic shifts in recent years. In a few tions from a few rules for themselves. countries, this has even had an effect Rather, it marks a red line which the EU on the composition and orientation of cannot trespass if the United Kingdom governments. This trend is also accom- is to remain further under its roof. “We panied by new evaluations as to the role shall never join the euro. We shall never of the EU and in what direction it is to be part of a euro rescue programme, develop. Nevertheless, it is principally not never be part of a passport-free area, questioned per se. Its economic effort of a European army or a European su- to effectively promote the wealth of the perstate”, made Cameron unmistakably Europeans through the single market is clear in a press conference. The majority undisputed. One does not need to fear a of the British citizens seems to support return to national eccentricity in this area. this position not to allow any further un- In other areas, however, it is difficult for dermining of the national sovereignty by it to provide a comparable proof of its Brussels. On 23 June, they will now have achievements, not least in the field of de- a choice. Do they consider the agree- fence, for which NATO alone can provide ment achieved in Brussels to be reliable an answer to current crises. The citizens enough to still vote against an exit from primarily still view national parliaments the EU? Or do they fear that it is no and governments as democratically legiti- more than a tactic trick to continue pur- mated, which they also hold responsible suing the integration process after the for the internal and external security of referendum? So far, it seems as if the their country. The EU will not fail. Be- electors will follow the recommendation cause things are politically desirable only of the Prime Minister and most British if they are also feasible, the EU will have businesses and shy away from the risk to redefine its role. of a “Brexit”. However, it is no longer Peter Bossdorf April 2016 · European Security & Defence 3 Content Short and Very Short Range Air Defence Insertion of Special Forces SHORAD and VSHORAD systems are used to engage In recent years the nature of warfare has changed low-altitude air threats, primarily helicopters and dramatically. Military units, equipment and standard low-flying close air support. An overview of systems operating procedures are being constantly adapted to in use and new developments Page 57 address new threats. Page 60 SECURITY POLICY 42 10 Years of System Life Cycle Management in NATO Peter Janatschek 10 Europe and NATO The Need to Take Responsibility 47 Military Training – Shifting Priorities Ton van Loon Trevor Nash 16 The Obama Legacy and Beyond ARMAMENT & TECHNOLOGY Foreign Policy in the 2016 US Presidential Elections Sidney E. Dean 49 Defence Programmes & Requirements in the Gulf States COUNTRY FOCUS: SWEDEN David Saw TIGER Combat Helicopter 22 Back on Track 53 Swedish Security Alignment Multinational Capability Enhancement Thomas Bauer Markus Lönnig Short and Very Short Range Air Defence 27 Swedish Defence in a Changing 57 Security Environment Doug Richardson Micael Bydén 60 Successful Insertion Needs the Best Tools Tim Guest 31 “We plan to operate GRIPEN E until at least, and most likely beyond 2040”. 63 PIRANHA 5 – The New 8x8 Armoured Vehicle Interview with Major General Mats Helgesson, for the Spanish Army Chief of Staff of the Swedish Air Force Nuria Fernández 34 “At the FMV we manage around INDUSTRY & MARKETS 800 programmes each year.” Interview with Lieutenant General Göran 67 Submarine Weapons and Sensors – Mårtensson, Director General, FMV Trends and Developments Bob Nugent 36 A New Security Environment: Implications for the Swedish Defence Industrial Base 73 Combat Aircraft in Europe Robert Limmergård Multiple Markets and Multiple Choices David Saw ARMED FORCES 78 “We expect to provide much more local content in 38 The Slovak Armed Forces and New Dynamics our projects and products.” in Global Security Interview with Hüseyin Avşar, Head, Department Milan Maxim of Land Platforms, Turkish Undersecretariat for Defense Industries (SSM) 4 European Security & Defence · April 2016 COUNTRY FOcus: SWEDEN VIEWPOINT FROM … 15 Athens: “On the verge of explosion” Dimitrios Angelopoulos 21 Copenhagen: “I have no plan B”1 – But Has There Ever Been a Plan A? J. Bo Leimand COLUMNS 3 Editorial 6 Periscope • Security Policy 23 Masthead • Armed Forces 80 Firms & Faces • Procurement 82 Preview • Defence Industry Pages 22-37 Periscope New Small Drone Looks plish observation and surveillance opera- Like a Hawk tions such as, border control, fire-fighting (df) The Spanish company EXPAL has de- and counter drug trafficking. veloped and integrated a small UAV with the shape of a bird of prey: SHEPHERD. This First Australian AEGIS- is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with Equipped Air Warfare (Photo: Australia Defence) multiple applications in the fields of de- Destroyer fence and security, mainly in observation, (df) Lockheed Martin’s Integrated Test surveillance and protection missions. The Team (ITT) begins AEGIS combat system in- SHEPHERD takes the role of an advanced tegration and testing aboard the Royal Aus- observer and in combination with EXPAL’s tralian Navy’s (RAN) first AEGIS-equipped TECHFIRE information system for indirect Air Warfare Destroyer (AWD), HMAS three advanced multirole ships. These fire support, gives many additional options HOBART. This milestone represents a sig- ships will be Australia’s first ships to be to military users. Its great capacity to glide nificant step towards Australia’s HOBART equipped with Lockheed Martin’s AEGIS and its silent engine make it almost imper- class destroyers joining the AEGIS interna- Weapon System including the SPY-1D(V) ceptible in this type of mission. SHEPHERD tional fleet. The HOBART class destroyers radar. When paired with the MK 41 Vertical is equipped with cameras and a geoloca- are being built under Australia’s SEA 4000 Launching System, AEGIS is capable of de- tion software that enhances it to accom- programme, which will ultimately deliver livering missiles for every mission and threat environment in naval warfare. The RAN has received the Lockheed Martin AEGIS Baseline 8 configuration, which integrates commercial-off-the-shelf technology and open architecture into the combat system. Type 26 Global Combat Ship (df) The UK Ministry of Defence has award- ed BAE Systems a €590 million contract to progress the Type 26 Global Combat Ship programme.

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