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North East History Book Pages north east history north east history volume 36 n orth How the north east helped Basque refugees from Franco from refugees Basque helped east north the How Articles & Essays Politics and humanitarian aid: Basque refugees in the e ast North East & Cumbria during the Spanish civil war. The one who nearly got away. h istory War-time industrial action on the Tyne 1939-1945. History, Heritage and Region: Volume 36 2005 The Making of Beamish and Bowes, A Question of Class? Race Relations on Tyneside in the Sixties Ellen Wilkinson The long stick: an early strike on the Wear Oral History Our Working Lives: Interview with Harriet Vyse Interviews: Peter Common & John Burke Poem: I dreamed of Jack Common How the north east Reviews,Archives & Sources helped Basque refugees At the Back... from Franco Notebook, the WEA, Sid Chaplin prize... Class war on the Tyne: Industrial Action And don’t forget our last volume, number 35 with articles on the 1939-1945 Irish in County Durham, the CP & the Popular Front in the north Red Ellen: Jarrow’s socialist MP east and an interview with the last railway postmen. Race relations on ‘Sixties Tyneside web-site:www.nelh.org Bowes & Beamish: Whose heritage? Reviews, Archive Report & Notebook Volume 36 2005 journal of the north east labour history society north east history north east history Volume 36 2005 ISSN 14743248 NORTHUMBERLAND © 2005 Printed by Azure Printing Units 1 F & G Pegswood Industrial Estate Pegswood TYNE & Morpeth WEAR Northumberland NE61 6HZ Tel: 01670 510271 DURHAM TEESIDE Editorial Collective: John Charlton, Sandy Irvine, Lewis Mates, Ben Sellars,Win Stokes,Willie Thompson & Don Watson. journal of the north east labour history society www.nelh.net north east history Contents Editorial Articles & Essays Politics and humanitarian aid: Basque refugees in the North East & Cumbria during the Spanish civil war. Don Watson 8 William Parlett: the one who nearly got away. John Spence 42 War-time industrial action on the Tyne 1939-1945. Craig Armstrong 50 Chris Mullard and black radicalism in Newcastle 1968-73 David Renton 79 History, Heritage and Region: The Making of Beamish and Bowes, A Question of Class? Stuart Howard 90 Ellen Wilkinson John Mapplebeck 114 The long stick: an early strike on the Wear William Hunt-Vincent 126 Oral History Our Working Lives: Interview with Harriet Vyse Jacqueline Apperley 131 Interviews: Peter Common & John Burke Keith Armstrong 139 Poem: I dreamed of Jack Common Keith Armstrong 150 2 north east history Reviews,Archives & Sources Reviews 153 Some north east entries in the new Dictionary of National Biography (Archie Potts) George Wheeler, To Make the People Smile Again. A Memoir of the Spanish Civil War & Javier Cercas, Soldiers of Salamis (John Hope) Ron French & Ken Smith, Lost Shipyards of the Tyne & Palmers of Jarrow (John Charlton) Helen Berry & Jeremy Gregory, Eds. Creating and Consuming Culture in North-East England, 1660-1830, (John Charlton) Matt Perry, Marxism and History (Willie Thompson) Andy Croft, Comrade Heart. A Life of Randall Swingler (Lewis Mates) R.P. Hastings, Chartism in the North Riding of Yorkshire and South Durham, 1838-48 (Win Stokes) Greg Bogaerts, Black Diamonds & Dust (John Charlton) Archives & Sources 169 Northumberland Record Office Win Stokes Working on the Durham County History Gill Cookson The Ark shipyards’ project Labour History on the web 3 north east history At the Back... Labour history notes, Sid Chaplin Prize, Enthusiasms and the WEA 177 Editorial No. 36 of the North East History Journal marks a stage in the growth of the North East Labour History Society’s activities, which include not only regular and well-attended meetings but a range of additional activities such as radical walks, boat trips, visits to historical sites and other projects. The contents of this issue reflect the wide range of interests pursued by readers of NEH, its contributors and members of the Society. The main section consists of researched articles and essays covering a range of themes. Don Watson’s, examines the reception in the north east and Cumbria of Basque refugee children during the Spanish Civil War, dealing with the nature of their reception and attitudes both of the local commu- nity and the organisations involved in this humanitarian enterprise. Craig Armstrong explores industrial relations on Tyneside during the Second World War, demonstrating with detailed research and analysis that these were overall a much more complex phenomenon than has been commonly believed. David Renton brings a skilled eye to the troubled waters of race relations in late sixities Newcastle. Stuart Howard’s article concerns the Bowes and Beamish museums, examining both the ideas which inspired these institutions and the char- acter of the relations between the founders and the local communities in which they were embedded. John Mapplebeck’s sparkling essay on Ellen Wilkinson,‘Red Ellen,’ follows and Billy Vincent, a retired shipyard worker from Sunderland writes on the 1825 strike of seamen on the Wear completes this section. Our strong commitment to oral history is shown in Jacqueline Apperley’s inter- view with Harriet Vyse from Sunderland and Keith Armstrong’s interviews with Peter Common and John Burke. The Reviews, Archives and Sources section cover 4 north east history a variety of themes from the forgotten shipyards of the Tyne to the practice of history, Win Stokes list some of the richness of the Northumberland County Archives and Gill Cookson reports on the new County History of Durham. In the final section there is news of the Society. its meetings and projects. Readers of the journal will note that this number is produced by an editorial col- lective. Owing to differences in viewpoint within the Society committee regarding the orientation of the journal the editors Joan Allen and Richard Allen felt unable to continue and indicated their wish to resign. They had, however, laid the ground- work for this issue and we have to record our appreciation of that and all that they have done for the Society over many years, Joan, for two decades. The NELH committee appointed a sub-committee to draw up a remit for the journal and to nominate an editor. The remit was agreed at our AGM in May, with the central conception that: The collective has the responsibility to commission for publication (or to receive submitted) histor- ical material relating to aspects of working people’s experience in the North East, a remit which it interprets broadly. It draws upon the work both of experienced historians and contributors less familiar with the conventions of historical writing, whose development as historians it encourages and assists. A balance between different types of items for each issue is among the collective’s responsibilities. We have every expectation of developing a journal which will attract a growing readership and form an indispensable part of the Society’s endeavours to pro- mote the study and understanding of the working people’s and radical movements in the North East and to preserve and record the achievements of individuals connected with them. Following the AGM the Committee elected Don Watson to be the editor of NEH No. 37. 5 north east history Notes on Contributors Jacqueline Apperley, is currently employed as a parliamentary research assistant. She is one of the co-ordinators for the Northern Labour Womens Network and also actively involved in several other community/national and health organisations. Craig Armstrong, was born and raised in North Shields and is currently working at Northumbria University and is busy developing a research proposal on the experiences of the North East during the Second World War. Keith Armstrong, ‘has more aliases than a man on the run...his poetry is different, original and politically exhilarating.’ Gillian Cookson, is editor of the Victoria County History of Durham and currently working on a major history of Sunderland. She specialises in 19th-century industrial history. Stuart Howard, teaches modern industrial and labour history at the University of Sunderland. Is presently working on a general history of north east England. William (Billy) Hunt-Vincent, is a retired Sunderland shipyard worker who is active in the Sunderland Historical Society. John Mapplebeck, is an independent television producer who was formerly Features Editor for the BBC in the North East and Cumbria. Before joining the BBC he was a reporter and feature writer for The Guardian in Manchester. David Renton, was employed between 2001 and 2003 as a research fellow at Sunderland University. There he began a book-length history of black struggles in the North East, which he hopes to have completed by 2007. 6 north east history John Spence, ex-reporter, customs officer and lecturer, he wrote his thesis on industrial rela- tions in the shipyards & the new motor car industry in the north east. Win Stokes, is Chair of the Durham Local History Society and researches coal, ship build- ing and primitive methodism Don Watson, has published on a variety of labour history topics, including theatre, the North East and the Spanish Civil War, sport, and bye-elections. He works in local gov- ernment in the region. 7 north east history Courtesy of Tyne and Wear Archive Service Basque children and their teachers arrive in Newcastle in July 1937 and are received by the Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress. 8 north east history ARTICLES & ESSAYS Politics and humanitarian aid:Basque refugees in the North East and Cumbria during the Spanish Civil War Don Watson May 1937 saw the biggest single arrival of refugees Britain had seen in mod- ern times, and the only one in our history to be almost entirely made up of chil- dren. They were 4,000 children and a number of adults from the Basque regions of Spain, refugees from the Civil War that had seen their regional cap- ital Guernika destroyed by aerial bombardment the previous month.
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