On Common Channel Signaling Number 7 and Its Comparison with Multi-Frequency Coded Signaling and Internet Protocol
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SIGNALING in TELECOM NETWORK and SSTP (Date of Creation: 01-04-2011)
E2-E3/CFA/ Signalling in telecomN/W & SSTP Rev date: 01-04-2011 E2-E3 CONSUMER FIXED ACCESS CHAPTER-9 SIGNALING IN TELECOM NETWORK AND SSTP (Date of Creation: 01-04-2011) BSNL, India For Internal Circulation Only Page: 1 E2-E3/CFA/ Signalling in telecomN/W & SSTP Rev date: 01-04-2011 Signaling In Telecom Network And SSTP 1 .0 Introduction Communication networks generally connect two subscriber terminating equipment units together via several line sections and switches for exchange of user information (e.g. speech, data, text or images). The term “signaling” consists of a word signal, which means “indication” about some information. The procedure for transfer of the signal between two nodes or points in telecom network is known as signaling. The signaling is used to transfer control information between the exchanges for call control and for the use of facilities. There are three basic phases in a communication viz setup, conversation and release. Diagram shows a simple telecom network and indicates the component of network and type of signaling used therein. Subscriber Trunk Subscriber Signalling Signalling Signalling EXCH-1 EXCH-2 FIG.1.1 Subscriber Signaling Signaling systems used between the exchange and subscriber equipment, such as terminals and PBX (Private Branch exchanges), are called subscriber signaling systems. Subscriber signaling must not be confused with line signaling. Subscriber signaling can be transported over lines and subscriber trunks. Trunk Signaling Trunk signaling are signals used between public exchanges. They are used to connect exchanges in order to build up a circuit. The signals can be divided in supervision and address signaling. -
(EIS) Contract Section C Description / Specifications / Statement of Work
Enterprise Infrastructure Solutions (EIS) Contract Section C Description / Specifications / Statement of Work Issued by: General Services Administration Office of Integrated Technology Services 1800 F St NW Washington, DC 20405 May 2018 EIS GS00Q17NSD3004 Mod P00005 General Services Administration Network Services 2020 Enterprise Infrastructure Solutions Table of Contents C.1 Background ........................................................................................................... 1 C.1.1 EIS Goals ........................................................................................................ 1 C.1.2 EIS Scope for Mandatory and Optional Services ............................................ 1 C.1.3 Minimum Requirements for Geographic Coverage ......................................... 2 C.1.4 Task Orders .................................................................................................... 2 C.1.5 Authorized Users ............................................................................................ 2 C.1.6 Upgrades and Enhancements ........................................................................ 2 C.1.7 Organization of this Statement of Work .......................................................... 3 C.1.8 General Requirements .................................................................................... 4 C.1.8.1 Organization of EIS Services.................................................................... 4 C.1.8.2 Service Locations .................................................................................... -
Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN II/II) Topics Today in PSTN
Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN II/II) Topics today in PSTN Trunk Network Node 1 Node 2 Access Access Node 3 Terminals Terminals ! A: Switching types ! Connectionless/ connection oriented ! Packet/circuit ! B: PSNT exchanges and interfaces ! interface Q.512 ! using access and trunk networks ! signaling ! network management ! internetworking - Digital Circuit Multiplexing Equipment DCME (G.763) 2 Switching in public networks X.21 Cell switching (fixed - works with cells (packets) having a fixed size : length) offers bounded delay guarantees (QoS compatible, long packets won’t stuck cells) CSPDN: Circuit switched public data net* PSPDN: Packet switched public data net** DQDB: Distributed queue dual bus * Used by European Telecom’s that use X.21 in circuit switched nets 3 **Used by British Telecom’s Packet-switched Service (PSS), Data Pac (Canada) ... Circuit switching - dedicated path Circuit switching - constant delay/bandwidth -voice/data - paid by time - examples: PSTN, GSM? Time switch - Makes switching between time slots - In the figure incoming slot 3 is switched to outgoing slot 3 for one voice direction - Each coming timeslot stored in Speech Store (SS) - Control store (CS) determines the order the slot are read from SS - The info in CS is determined during setup phase of the call Space switch - makes switching between PCM lines - works with electronic gates controlled by CS Cross-pointCross-point controlledcontrolled byby CS CS TDMA 4 Packet switching example Packet structure Seq: sequence number Op code: message/control -
Telephone Switching
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING COLLEGE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING PROGRAM IT535 – TELEPHONE SWITCHING I. GENERAL INFORMATION CODE : IT535 – Telephone Switching SEMESTER : 9 CREDITS : 03 HOURS PER WEEK : 04 (Theory – Practice) PREREQUISITES : IT515 – Telecommunications III CONDITION : Mandatory II. COURSE DESCRIPTION The purpose of this course is to provide the student with the knowledge about the evolution and development of the telephony for the analog and digital switching systems, including the hardware and software of different telephone systems, integration of technologies such as ATM and IP including Voice over IP (VoIP) and photonic switching technologies. III. COURSE OUTCOMES At the end of the course the student will: Know the criteria for the design of analog and digital telephone switching systems. Know the operation and use of software and hardware used in different telephone systems. Know how to integrate technologies such as ATM and IP over classic telephone systems. IV. LEARNING UNITS 1. INTRODUCTION Communication channels. Switching channels. Networks of POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service). The Telecommunications Industry. Evolution of technology, Evolution of architecture. Evolution of telephone systems. 2. LINES AND TRUNKS Lines. The telephone. Subscriber signaling. Telephone exchange. Subscriber extension Functions per line. Trunks: Network hierarchy between telephone switching centers. Trunks Trunk circuits. Signaling between telephone switching centers. 3. TRAFFIC ENGINEERING Traffic measurements. Network management. Quality of telephone service. Telephone demand projections. Routing plan. Interconnection of telephone switching centers. 4. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE ANALOG SWITCHING Analog switching Architecture. Line Finders. Selectors. Crossbar. Block of lines Trunk blocks. Call progression, call routing. 1 5. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE DIGITAL SWITCHING SYSTEMS Concepts of pulse code modulation (PCM). -
Data Communications Via Powerlines I I (B) (3)-P.L
UNCLASSIFIED Cryptologic Quarterly Data Communications Via Powerlines I I (b) (3)-P.L. 86-36 The author is a member ofNSA Cohort 11 at bine, such as in nuclear- or coal-powered electric the Joint Military Intelligence College. Many of power plants, or a low-speed turbine, such as is the ideas presented in this paper were developed used in hydroelectric power plants). The power is as a class research paper at the Joint Military transferred to the transmission system via a volt Intelligence College. age step-up transformer.3 Typical voltages in this The views expressed in this paper are those of stage range from 138 kV to 500 kV or more. Bulk the author and do not reflect the official policy power is delivered from the generating plants via or position of the Department of Defense or the this intercity transmission system (which can U.S. government. span several states) to the transmission substa tions where the power is transferred to a sub The hunger for increased bandwidth is driv transmission system whose voltages range from ing individuals, corporations, and organizations 38 kV to 138 kV; power transference is made via to seek new methods for delivering Internet serv a step-down transformer. The subtransmission ice to customers. Many of these methods are well system delivers the high voltage throughout a city known: radio-frequency (or wireless) communi or large region. Power is delivered to the con cations (such as the IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN, sumers via the distribution system. Transference Bluetooth, and the HomeRF and SWAP from the subtransmission system to the distribu Protocols), infrared communications (IrDA), tion system is made within regions called distri fiber-optic channels, high-speed telephone con bution substations, likewise using step-down nections (such as DSL and ISDN or the more transformers. -
Mediatrix G7 Series Datasheet
ediatrix G7 Series The Mediatrix G7 Series is a reliable and secure VoIP Analog Adaptor and Media Gateway platform for SMBs. Featuring PRI, FXS, and FXO interfaces; the Mediatrix G7 Series provides the best solution to connect legacy equipmentedia to cloud telephonytrix services and IP PBX systems to PSTN landlines. Widely interoperable with SIP softswitch and IMS vendors, the Mediatrix G7 Series provides transparent integration of legacy PBX systems for SIP Trunking and PSTN replacement applications. Interconnects any device to SIP Highly reliable Fax and Modem Transmissions over IP The Mediatrix G7 Series links any analog or digital With T.38 and clear channel fax and modem pass-through connection to an IP network and delivers a rich capabilities, the Mediatrix G7 Series ensures seamless feature set for a comprehensive VoIP solution. transport of voice and data services over IP networks. PSTN access and legacy PBX system gateway Advanced Mass Management With FXS, FXO, configurable NT/TE PRI ports, local Our advanced provisioning capabilities deliver call switching, and user-defined call properties remarkable benefits to Mediatrix customers. (including caller/calling ID), Mediatrix G7 Series Mediatrix enables centralised CPE management, a gateways smoothly integrate into legacy PBXs and definite advantage to monitor the network, ensure incumbent PSTN networks. service, and reduce operational costs. ediatrix G7 Series Applicationsediatrix Operators ✓ Connect legacy equipment in PSTN replacement/TDM replacement projects ✓ Provide SIP termination -
CAS Protocols Reference Manual
CAS Protocols Reference Manual P/N 6675-10 Natural MicroSystems Corporation 100 Crossing Blvd. Framingham, MA 01702 No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Natural MicroSystems Corporation. 1999 Natural MicroSystems Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Alliance Generation is a registered trademark of Natural MicroSystems Corporation. Natural MicroSystems, NMS, AG, QX, Telephony Service Architecture (TSA), Natural Access, AG Access, CT Access, Natural Call Control, Natural Media, NaturalFax, NaturalRecognition, NaturalText, VBX, ME/2, Fusion, TX Series, and VScript are trademarks of Natural MicroSystems Corporation. Multi-Vendor Integration Protocol (MVIP) is a trademark of GO-MVIP, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries, licensed exclusively through X/Open Company, Ltd. Windows NT is a trademark, and MS-DOS, MS Word, and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the USA and other countries. All other trademarks referenced herein are trademarks of the respective owner(s) of such marks. Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this manual. However, due to the ongoing improvements and revisions to our products, Natural MicroSystems cannot guarantee the accuracy of the printed material after the date of publication, or accept responsibility for errors or omissions. Revised manuals and update sheets may be published when deemed necessary by NMS. Revision History Revision Release Date Notes 1.0 June, 1999 SJC This manual printed: June 23, 1999 Table of Contents About This Manual . iii Developer Support . v 1 MFC-R2 . 1 1.1 Introduction . 2 1.2 MFC-R2 Line Signaling. -
The Study on Telecommunications Development Plan, Ethiopia
The Study on Telecommunications Development Plan, Ethiopia CHAPTER 9 TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK PLAN 9.1 Basic Concept of Proposed Network Plan The study of the Proposed Network Plan should necessarily include a broad range of factors, from the expected national socio-economic develpment, government policy to resource availability. Of particular importance are demands of the various services, including those services not available at present, and the extent of financial resources. Other important consideratios include the existing network, transition strategies, interworking with other networks, operation and maintenance, administrative structure, numbering, signalling and other fundamental plans. 9.1.1 Fundamental Network Plan The Network Master Plan is proposed considering: 1) The network is designed considering economical deployment and ease of operation and maintenance. 2) The proposed network will be deployed utilizing the latest technologies at present. 3) The network will be able to accommodate expected demand of existing and new application of basic telephone and non-telephone services that interface to the conventional networks. 4) The network should facilitate the development of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) covering the major areas of Ethiopia. 9.1.2 Evolution of Existing Network to IP Some countries have introduced IP telephony to converge the telephone network and data communication network. In order to utilze the accumulated assets economically and efficiently, the existing switching systems (PSTN) should -
CAS Signaling Traffic Emulation MAPS
MAPS™ CAS Protocol Emulator (Channel Association Signalling (CAS) Emulation) 818 West Diamond Avenue - Third Floor, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 Phone: (301) 670-4784 Fax: (301) 670-9187 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.gl.com 1 MAPS™ CAS Emulator in Telephony Network 2 MAPS™ CAS Features Call Scenarios • Caller ID Functionalities • Two-way Calling • Voice Prompt Confirmation (requires VQT) • Three-way Calling • Voice Quality and Delay Measurements (requires VQT) • Three-way Calling with Calling Party Number • Detect Caller ID, and VMWI Identification • VMWI – Voice Mail with MWI (message waiting indicator) • Basic telephony functions - On-hook, Off-hook, Detect ringing and SDT (stutter dial tone) signal, Dial, and 3-Way Call (using flash hook) • Call Waiting – Detect tone, call id, flash to accept call • Both analog and digital (T1) CAMA simulation is supported • Dial Tone Delay, Post Pickup Delay, special dial tone, stutter dial Reporting tone, special information tone, call waiting, call in progress tone, • Central Database of events/results/errors reorder tone, busy tone, congestion tone, confirmation tone, • Multi-User, Multi-Test, Multi-Reporting howler tone, and ring-back tone • Executed test cases • Fax - Send /Receive fax image (TIFF format) file from/to the • Successful test cases specified location. • Failed test cases • Call Failure events • Failed reason • Call Completion events • Test results showing voice quality, failed call attempts, • Call Drop (sustain calls) events dropped calls • PDF and CSV file formats 3 MAPS™ CAS -
Global Call E1/T1 CAS/R2 Technology Guide
Global Call E1/T1 CAS/R2 Technology Guide July 2005 05-2445-001 INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH INTEL® PRODUCTS. NO LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED BY THIS DOCUMENT. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN INTEL'S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SUCH PRODUCTS, INTEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER, AND INTEL DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY, RELATING TO SALE AND/OR USE OF INTEL PRODUCTS INCLUDING LIABILITY OR WARRANTIES RELATING TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT. Intel products are not intended for use in medical, life saving, or life sustaining applications. Intel may make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice. This Global Call E1/T1 CAS/R2 Technology Guide as well as the software described in it is furnished under license and may only be used or copied in accordance with the terms of the license. The information in this manual is furnished for informational use only, is subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a commitment by Intel Corporation. Intel Corporation assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this document or any software that may be provided in association with this document. Except as permitted by such license, no part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without express written consent of Intel Corporation. -
Risk Analysis on Voip Systems
Risk analysis on VoIP systems Knútur Birgir Otterstedt Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechancial Engineering and Computer Science University of Iceland 2011 Risk analysis on VoIP systems Knútur Birgir Otterstedt 30 ECTS thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of a Magister Scientiarum degree in Industrial Engineering Advisors Dr. Páll Jensson Faculty Representative Ebba Þóra Hvannberg Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science School of Engineering and Natural Sciences University of Iceland Reykjavik, June 2011 Risk analysis on VoIP systems 30 ECTS thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of a Magister Scientiarum degree in Industrial Engineering Copyright © 2011 Knútur Birgir Otterstedt All rights reserved Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science School of Engineering and Natural Sciences University of Iceland Hjardarhagi 2-6 107, Reykjavik Iceland Telephone: 525 4600 Bibliographic information: Knútur Birgir Otterstedt, 2011, Risk analysis on VoIP systems, Master’s thesis, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, pp. 69. Printing: Háskólaprent Reykjavík, Iceland, July 2011 Útdráttur Markmið þessarar ritgerðar var að framkvæma áhættugreiningu á VoIP kerfi fyrir þjónustuveitendur. Helstu ógnir kerfisins voru greindar og í kjölfarið var fjallað lauslega um hverja ógn. Eignir kerfisins voru greindar fyrir greininguna og einnig voru líkur á ógn og áhrif hverrar ógnar metnar (Á skalanum Lítil – Gríðarleg). Að þessu loknu var áhættugreiningin framkvæmd, í hugbúnaðinum RM-Studio, og niðurstöður hennar greindar. Sambærileg greining fyrir PSTN kerfið var framkvæmd til samanburðar. Loks voru gagnráðstafanir, við helstu ógnum VoIP kerfisins, kynntar. Abstract The goal of this thesis was to perform a risk analysis on a VoIP system for service providers. Main threats of the system were analysed and subsequently each threat was briefly introduced. -
New and Bestselling from Wiley-IEEE Press
IEEE A Communications Previous Page | Contents | Zoom in | Zoom out | Front Cover | Search Issue | Next Page BEF MaGS New and Bestselling from Wiley-IEEE Press A Guide to the Wireless The ComSoc Guide to Next Engineering Body of Knowledge Generation Optical Transport (WEBOK) SDH/SONET/OTN IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY HUUB VAN HELVOORT The ultimate reference book for professionals Provides a unique overview of SDH and OTN for in the wireless industry and study guide for the engineers who are new to the field, as well as WCET. The information presented in this book manufacturers, network operators, and graduate reflects the evolution of wireless technologies, students who need a basic understanding of the their impact on the profession, and the industry’s topics. commonly accepted best practices. 978-0-470-22610-0 • October 2009 • Pbk • 211pp 978-0-470-43366-9 • April 2009 • Pbk • 272pp $63.50 $69.95 ComSoc Guides to Communications Technologies Handbook on Array Processing and Wireless Sensor Networks Sensor Networks A Networking Perspective SIMON HAYKIN and K. J. RAY LIU JUN ZHENG and ABBAS JAMALIPOUR Provides readers with a collection of tutorial articles This book provides a comprehensive and systematic contributed by world-renowned experts on recent introduction to the fundamental concepts, major advancements and the state of the art in array processing challenges, and effective solutions in wireless sensor and sensor networks. networking (WSN). 978-0-470-37176-3 • January 2010 • Hbk • 904pp 978-0-470-16763-2 • October 2009 • Hbk • 489pp $185.00 $94.95 Adaptive and Learning Systems for Signal Processing, Communications and Control Series Ground-Based Wireless Positioning Ground-Based Advances in Multiuser Detection KEGEN YU, IAN SHARP and Y.