PROPOSED BAOJI-LANZHOU SECOND RAILWAY LINE.
Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT S,UMMARY E454 Volume 1
SUBMITTEDTO: THE WORLD BANK ;-->l 1818 H STREET WASHINGTON, Public Disclosure Authorized USA
.. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~: Public Disclosure Authorized
FILECOPY SUBMITTED BY: THE CENTEROF ENVIRONMENTALASSESSMENT AND ENI,INEERING OF THE SCIENTIFICRESEARCH INSTITUTE Public Disclosure Authorized RAILWAYDEPARTMENT OF THE MINISTRYOF RAILWAY BEIJING, CHINA AND AMEC EARTH & ENVIRONMENTALLIMITED CALGARY, ALBERTA March, 2001
1/1}71 /4 S, CEO2169
ENVIRONMENTALASSESSMENT SUMMARY FOR THE PROPOSEDBAOJI-LANZHOU SECOND RAILWAYLINE
Submittedto: The World Bank Washington,DC
Submittedby:
The Center of Environmental Evaluation and Engineering of the ResearchAcademy of Railway Sciences of the Ministry of Railways Beijing,China
and
AMEC Earth & Environmental Limited Calgary,Alberta
March 2001
CE02169
The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001
Compilationof ReportOrganized by:
The Centerof EnvironmentEvaluation and Engineeringof The ResearchAcademy of RailwaySciences of The Ministryof Railways
EIA LicenseGrade A No. 1021
Compilationof Reportwith the Participationof:
First Surveyand DesignInstitute of The Ministryof Railways
EIA LicenseGrade A No. 3704
SA\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Pagei The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001
Team Leader:
Bai Xiaojun, Engineer EIA Certificate Number: Railway 0760
Li Jia Senior Engineer EIA Certificate Number: Gansu 02315
Team Membersfor the Sub-Projects:
;virbnrnonnt Factoar ;F 00 ,0 , *eilo!T ,
Ecology Xia Xianfang Engineer Gansu02316 Wei Jianfang Engineer Gansu02317 Noise Li Jia Senior Engineer Gansu02315 Noise Li Yaozeng AssociateResearch Fellow BeijingOO62 Li Jia Senior Engineer Gansu02315 Water ChengZehao AssociateResearch Fellow Railway0766 Gas ChengYanfei Senior Engineer Gansu02314 Electromagnetic ZhangChen AssociateResearch Fellow Railway0767 Solid Waste Material Du Pei Engineer Gansu02318 Public Participation Bai Xiaopjun Engineer Railway0760 LandAcquisition and Bai Xiaopjun Engineer Railway0760 Resettlement EnvironmentalEconomic ZhangFenzhan AssociateResearch Fellow Railway0758 ternatescenario SongYong Engineer Beijing0024 EnvironmentalRisk ZhangFenzhan AssociateResearch Fellow Railway0758 Assessment Measurement Li Jia Senior Engineer Gansu02315 Environmental Economic.. Lai Wenhong Engineer Railway0736 Benefitand cost analysis EnvironmentalManagement Lai Wenhong Engineer Railway0736 and supervisionPlan L
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TABLEOF CONTENTS
PAGE 1.0 INTRODUCTION...... 1 1.1 ProjectPlanning ...... 3 1.2 EnvironmentalAssessment Responsibility ...... 3 1.3 EnvironmentalImpact Assessment Process ...... 3 1.3.1 Reviewof Terms of Reference...... 3 1.3.2 EnvironmentalAssessment Examination Process ...... 4 1.4 EnvironmentalProtection Measures ...... 6 1.4.1 World BankStandards ...... 6 1.4.2 EnvironmentalProtection Measures ...... 6 1.5 RegulatoryBasis and Standards...... 9 2.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION ...... 14 2.1 ConstructionSchedule ...... 14 2.1.1 RailwayLine, Rail Bed and Track...... 14 2.1.2 Bridgesand Culverts...... 16 2.1.3 Tunnels...... 16 2.1.4 BorrowPits and Spoil DisposalSites ...... 16 2.1.5 Water and Soil Conservation...... 23 2.2 Stations...... 23 2.2.1 Electricaland Communications...... 23 2.3 ConstructionCamps ...... 24 2.4 Capacityof Passengersand Freight ...... 24 2.5 LocomotiveStations, Maintenance Facilities ...... 24 2.5.1 Operationand Maintenance...... 24 2.5.2 Rolling Stock Facility...... 24 2.6 PowerSupply and Communications ...... 24 2.7 Water and Sewage...... 25 2.8 Garbage Disposal...... 25 2.9 Roads...... 26 2.10 Socio-EconomicAspects ...... 26 3.0 ANALYSISOF ALTERNATIVES...... 27 3.1 ComparisonBetween Existing Railway Alternatives ...... 27
S:.SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS (con't) PAGE 3.2 Comparisonof Railwayand Highway...... 27 3.3 Comparisonof AlternativeRouting Options along the BoalanLine ...... 27
4.0 ANALYSISOF ENVIRONMENTALIMPACTS ...... 30 4.1 Methods...... 30 4.1.1 Scopeof Assessment...... 30 4.2 Summaryof Impacts...... 41 4.2.1 ImpactsAssociated with the ConstructionPhase ...... 41 4.2.2 ImpactsAssociated with the OperationalPhase ...... 42 4.2.3 Analysisof Impacts...... 43 4.3 AIR QUALITY...... 44 4.3.1 Construction...... 44 4.3.2 Operation...... 44 4.4 Noise...... 44 4.4.1 Construction...... 44 4.4.2 Operation...... 45 4.5 Vibration...... 51 4.5.1 Construction...... 51 4.5.2 Operation...... 51 4.6 ElectromagneticLevels ...... 52 4.7 Surfaceand GroundwaterResources ...... 52 4.7.1 Construction...... 52 4.7.2 Operation...... 54 4.8 Geology...... 55 4.8.1 Construction...... 56 4.9 Topography,Geomorphology and Soil ...... 56 4.9.1 Construction...... 56 4.9.2 ErosionControl Measures...... 57 4.10 Vegetation...... 58 4.10.1 Construction...... 58 4.11 Wildlife and Fisheries...... 58 4.12 ResourceUse ...... 58 4.12.1 Land Expropriation...... 58 4.12.2 Industryand Mining...... 59 4.12.3 PowerSupply ...... 59 4.12.4 Effects of Constructionon UrbanTransportation ...... 60 5.0 HISTORICALAND CULTURALRESOURCES ...... 61
S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM-doc Page ii The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS (con't) PAGE 6.0 SOCIALIMPACT ASSESSMENT ...... 62 6.1 Effectsof ClosingRailway Stations ...... 62 6.2 Construction...... 62 6.2.1 PositiveImpacts ...... 62 6.2.2 NegativeImpacts ...... 63 6.3 Operation...... 63 6.3.1 Land Requisition,Removal and Resettlement...... 63 7.0 PUBLICPARTICIPATION ...... 65 7.1 Resultsof Surveys...... 65 7.2 Commentsand RecommendationsFom the Public...... 66 8.0 ENVIRONMENTALMONITORING AND CONTROLPROGRAM .. 68 8.1 Construction...... 68 8.2 Operation...... 69 8.2.1 Monitoringof Resettlement...... 70 8.2.2 Monitoringof SecondaryEnvironmental Impacts ...... 70 9.0 ENVIRONMENTALMANAGEMENT AND TRAINING ...... 72 9.1 Management...... 72 9.2 EnvironmentalManagement Training Plan ...... 72 10.0 ENVIRONMENTALRISK ASSESSMENT ...... 73 10.1 DesignStage ...... 73 10.2 ConstructionStage ...... 73 10.3 OperationStage ...... 74
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.5-1 Standardsfor EnvironmentalImpact Assessment ...... 10 Table 1.5-2 Noise LimitedValues at ConstructionSites* ...... 13 Table 2.0-1 TechnicalData of the ProposedBaolan Rail Line...... 15 Table 4.1-1 Summaryof EnvironmentalAssessment and Mitigation...... 32 Table 4.7-1 Quantitiesof Wastewaterand Major PollutantsDischarge Before and After Operationof the ProposedNew Line (1 x 104Vta)...... 55 Table 7.2-1 Summaryof Public ConsultationMeetings for the Baolan Railway...... 67
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Figure1.1-1 Existingand ProposedBaolan Second Rail Line...... 2 Figure 1.3-1 The Processof EIA Preparationand Pre-Examination...... 5 Figure 1.3-2 ManagementProcess of the FinalExamination of the EIA...... 6 Figure 1.4-1 Processof the Implementationand Examinationof Environment ProtectionMeasures ...... 7 Figure 1.4-2 EnvironmentalImpact of OperationPeriod ...... 8 Figure2.4.1 IndexMap ...... 17 Figure2.4.1-1 Locationof Major Borrowand Spoil DisposalSites ...... 18 Figure2.4.1-2 Locationof Major Borrowand Spoil DisposalSites ...... 19 Figure2.4.1-3 Locationof Major Borrowand Spoil DisposalSites ...... 20 Figure2.4.1-4 Locationof Major Borrowand Spoil DisposalSites ...... 21 Figure2.4.1-5 Locationof Major Borrowand Spoil DisposalSites ...... 22 Figure3.1-1 Comparisonof the PreferredBaolan Line and the Bao-Zhong-Lan Option.28 Figure4.4.2-1 Noise MonitoringLocations and MitigativeMeasures at Sensitive Sites - Map 1.46 Figure4.4.2-2 Noise MonitoringLocations and MitigativeMeasures at Sensitive Sites - Map 2 .47 Figure4.4.2-3 Noise MonitoringLocations and MitigativeMeasures at Sensitive Sites - Map 3 .48 Figure4.4.2-4 Noise MonitoringLocations and MitigativeMeasures at Sensitive Sites- Map 4 .49 Figure4.4.2-5 Noise MonitoringLocations and MitigativeMeasures at Sensitive Sites - Map 5...... 50 Figure4.7-1 Main River SystemsAlong the Baolan Line...... 53 Figure8.1-1 Frameworkfor EnvironmentalMonitoring and Control...... 69 Figure8.2-1 Frameworkfor EnvironmentalMonitoring System during the Operation of the ProposedProject .70
LIST OF APPENDICES
AppendixA Project Documents
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AMEC AMEC Earth & EnvironmentalLimited Baolan Baoji-Lanzhou Baozhonglan Baoji-Zhongwei-Lanzhou BOD Biologicaloxygen demand COD Chemicaloxygen demand DPB Developmentand PlanningBureau EA Environmentalassessment EAP EnvironmentalAction Plan EIA Environmentalimpact assessment EPB Environmentalprotection bureau FSDI First Surveyand Design Institute GAEI Gansu ProvincialArchaeological Exploitation Institute GABCR Gansu ProvincialAdministration Bureau of CulturalRelics GB Refersto nationalstandard of China MOR Ministryof Railways PIU Projectimplementation unit RARS ResearchAcademy of RailwaySciences RMB Renminbiyuan currency SABCR ShaanxiProvincial Administration Bureau of CulturalRelics SAEI ShaanxiProvincial Archaeological Exploitation Institute SBR SEPA State EnvironmentalProtection Administration SDPC State Developmentand PlanningCommittee SNR Signalto noise ratio 5S SuspendedSolid TOR Terms of Reference TSP Total suspendedparticulate WB World Bank
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The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001
1.0 INTRODUCTION The proposedBaoji-Lanzhou (Baolan) section of the Lianyungang-Lanzhourailway connects Baoji with LanzhouCity. The new Baolan railwayline will follow the Weihe River valley using much the same route as the existing Baolanrailway line, passingthrough Baoji county of ShaanxiProvince, at the west end of this line; Beidaodistrict of Tianshuicity, Gangucounty, Wushancounty, Longxicounty, Dingxicounty, and Yuzhongcounty of Gansuprovince ending in LanzhouCity (Figure1.1-1). This line will be under the jurisdictionof the western Lianyungang-LanzhouRailway.
The examiningcommittee for the FeasibilityResearch Report for Extendingthe Capacityof the East Channelof the NorthwestRegion approved the project in December1998. The First Survey and DesignInstitute (FSDI) of the Railway Ministryfinished the FeasibilityReport for the proposedSecond Line of the BaolanSection in April 1999.The first draft was submittedto the RailwayMinistry (MOR) for approval,which was then forwardedto the ForeignFund Office and the World Bank in May 1999.The EnvironmentalImpact Assessment (EIA) was deemedto be a CategoryA projectunder World Bank guidelines.Also in May 1999the Railway Bureauof Lanzhouand Zhenzhouauthorized The FSDIto preparethe requiredreports. In September 1999 the MOR and the World Bank requestedthat the ScientificResearch Institute of the Ministryundertake the role of chief editorand The FSDIto serve as the editorialassistants for the completionof all necessaryenvironmental reports.
The outline plan for the EIA has met the standardsfor the General Bureauof the National EnvironmentalProtection Agency (Administration Department, Huan Jian Fa letter of 1999).
The proposalto constructthe BaolanRailway Line was submittedon December28, 1998 (No. 372 Document,1998) by The Developmentand PlanningBureau MOR to the National Developmentand PlanningCommittee. The projectwas approvedin October 1999.The planningof the surveyand designfor the railwayproject was the responsibilityof the No. 3 Design Institute(Appendix A). On September29, 1999,"The examinationconclusion for preliminarydesign of the Baolanproject was completedby the Centerof Project Designingand CertificationBureau of The Ministryof Railways.In December1999, "The Feasibilitystudy for a loan from the World Bank for the Baoji-LanzhouSection of Lianyungang-LanzhouRailway" was completed.
S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 1
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The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001
On January7, 2000 the Developmentand PlanningBureau (DPB) of the MOR issuedthe Circularof transfer- The State Developmentand PlanningCommittee's (SDPC)Reply on Applyingfor Instructionon the FeasibilityReport on Baolan SecondRailway I'Tine of Lianyungang-LanzhouRailway, including the following: * Modificationof the TechnologyDesign for BaolanSecond Railway Line (Gangu-Lanzhou) of Lianyungang-LanzhouRailway, April 2000. * The FeasibilityStudy of BaolanSecond Railway Line of Lianyungang-LanzhouRailway Usingthe World BankLoan, August2000. * Modificationof the TechnologyDesign for BaolanSecond Railway Line (Baoji-Gangu)of Lianyungang-LanzhouRailway, September 2000.
1.1 ProjectPlanning This projectwas approvedin the Survey and DesignYearly Plan in 1999.The MOR is responsiblefor the organizationand completionof the project. The FSDI responsiblefor the feasibilitystudy, surveyand design. The Lanzhouand ZhengzhouRailway Bureauswill be responsiblefor construction.
The preliminarydesign was completedin June 1999and the technicaldesign in November 1999.The examinationof the technicaldesign was done by the EngineeringAppraisal Center of the MOR. A projectschedule "Fast-Track" report was submittedfor approvalin February2000. The modificationof the technicaldesign was completedin April 2000 for Gangu-Lanzhou sectionand in September2000 for Baoji-Gangusection. The Project ImplementationUnits (PlUs) are from the Zhengzhouand LanzhouRailway Bureaus.
1.2 EnvironmentalAssessment Responsibility The Lanzhouand ZhengzhouRailway Bureaus instructed the ResearchAcademy of Railway Sciences(RARS) to preparethe EIA for this project.RARS has a level "A" qualificationfor EIA preparationand is relativelyindependent from the Bureaus.The First Surveyand Design Institute(FSDI) of the Ministryof Environment(MOR) will cooperatewith RARSto completethis project.
1.3 EnvironmentalImpact Assessment Process 1.3.1 Reviewof Termsof Reference The first draft of the EIA was completedby the No. 1 Surveyand Design Instituteof MOR and submittedto the EnvironmentalMonitoring Department of the NationalEnvironmental Protection Bureau(NEPB) and the World Bankby ForeignFunds of MOR on June 26,1999.The TOR were reviewedby the NEPB in Beijingon August 13, 1999,and based on their recommendationsthe EIA Outlinewas amendedand resubmittedin September1999 alongwith a letter of approval.
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Accordingto the requirementof the World Bank OperationsManual (OP 4.01) for "A" category EIA projects,the loanershould engageindependent EIA expertsthat are not associatedwith the project.On this issue,the World Bank advisedMOR that an independentinstitution must conductthe environmentassessment. The EnvironmentOffice of MOR decidedthat RARS is independentand was given the responsibilityfor the environmentimpact assessment.For convenience,the FSDIof MOR with the qualificationcategory "A" for EIA preparationwas invited to design environmentprevention measures.
RARS,as the chief unit of environmentimpact assessment, developed the TOR for the environmentimpact assessment to meet the requirementsof the World Bank, completedon August 15,1999.
1.3.2 EnvironmentalAssessment Examination Process The draft of the domesticversion of the EIA was completedin January2000. At the same time, the EIA units of RARStogether with AMEC (formerlyAGRA - a consultantcompany invited by MOR) completeda draft of the EIA, EnvironmentalAction Plan (EAP)and Environmental Assessment(EA) for submissionto the World Bank. This EIA incorporatedreview commentsof the EIA TOR, pre-examinationcomments of the originaldomestic EIA, commentsfrom the environmentalexperts and officialsof the WorldBank (No.49dated May 29, 2000), comments of Li Dahing(dated September 25, 2000),and the technologydesign document for railway"fast- track". The final draft of the EIA was completedin March 2001 and incorporatedadditional informationin responseto World Bankreview comments.The processis outlinedin Figure 1.3-1.
After passingthe preliminaryexamination of MOR,the EIA is submittedto the Environmental Supervisionand ManagementDepartment of SEPA,and with their approval,the report is submittedto the World Bank (Figure1.3-2).
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Figure 1.3-1 The Processof EIA Preparationand Pre-Examination
Surveyand Surveyand Surveyof socio- Surveyof public Views-of WB monitoringof monitoringof economic opinion environmental environmental Pollutinqsources environment officersand experts
Engineeringdesign technical documents Engineering analysis and current environmentalstatus evaluation
EnvironmentalnwaG truction agencies l of 1 Environmentalimpact projection in constructionand operation Shaanxiand Gansu _ Zhengzhouand Lanzhou Affectedpublic and units Environmentaloptions and RailwayBureaus countermeasures l ~~~~~~~FSDIof MOR Sanitationand municipalagencies in Baoji, v Tianshui,Dingxi, Lanzhou PreparingEIA World Bank
MOR Zhengzhouand Lanzhou SEPA,Gansu and ShaanxiEPBs, F RailwayBureaus city EPBs Etl e r tMORorganizing pre-review of EIA RARS
FSDI Expertteam comments
Revisionand submission for approval
EIA Passingpre-examination
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Figure 1.3-2 ManagementProcess of the Final Examinationof the EIA
3 EPB of Shaanxi|
-r7 2 1 12 4 EPBDofofaMsR
WorldBank Zhengzhou& Lanzhou RARS& FSDIof FSDI of MOR World] Bank i | RailwayBureaus MOR(Assessmentunits) (Designunit)
Notes: 1. Submitpreliminary examination. 2. Replyletter for final examination. 3. Submitviews of the EIA. 4. Replyletter for final examination 1.4 EnvironmentalProtection Measures 1.4.1 World Bank Standards The World Bank requiresan independentenvironmental assessment to meet category"A" standards.The LanzhouRailway Bureau, the ZhenzhouRailway Bureau and RARSconducted this assessment.RARS has experiencewith environmentalprojects and World Bank standards. The work was jointly undertakenwith the FSDIof MOR.AMEC (formerlyAGRA Earth& EnvironmentalLimited) reviewedthe draft EIA to ensurethat the World Bank reporting standardswere met and preparedthe final draft of the EIA with the assistanceof FSDI.
The World Bank standardsapplied in the preparationof this EIA includethe Normal Manualof Word Bank- EnvironmentalAssessment (OP/BP/GP 4.01, 1999) plusAnnex A and Habitat Assessment(OPIBP/GP 4.04, 1999)plus AnnexA.
1.4.2 EnvironmentalProtection Measures The EIA lists the environmentalprotection measures as designedby the environment assessmentand engineeringunits. During constructionof the Baolanline, supervisionprovided by the EIA units will be implementedto ensurecompliance with all environmentalstandards as shown in Figure 1.4-1.The PlUs responsiblefor supervisionof constructionare the Xi'an EngineeringConstruction Headquarters of ZhengzhouRailway Bureau (responsible for Baoji to Tianshui)and the ConstructionHeadquarters of the LanzhouRailway Bureau(responsible for Tianshuito Lanzhou).The constructioncontractors and supervisionunits will be decidedby open tendering.The Local environmentalprotection agencies are the environmentprotection bureaus(EPBs) at ShaanxiProvince, Gansu Province, Baoji City, TianshuiCity, DingxiDistrict, and LanzhouCity.
The environmentalimpacts during the operationperiod are summarizedin Figure 1.4-2.
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Figure 1.4-1 Process of the Implementation and Examination of Environment Protecti n Measures Environ protection
Te ern f r |Key environmentalprotection projects listed for open bidding, investment| constructors availability,Construction quality and progressthrough engineering|
0)
Constructors, Environmental protection measures to reduce ecological damage and 0 PlUs environmental pollution during construction
Environmental protection agencies supervise: In constructing Environmental protection facilities involved in construction plan, the process investment funds available, construction complying with related requlations, construction sites favorable to ecoloqical protection
PlUs together with constructors, supervision and design units: check Construction environment protection facilities and report to city, provincial, state and MOR environment protection departments
|PlUs submit to SEPA, and Planning Department of MOR:l situations of environmental protection facilitiesl
0~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |Examination team (led by SEPA and joined by EPBs and MORl environmental divisions, and construction, supervision, design units|
' Preliminaryreview | on whole project 'Three simultaneousness" examinalon
| Test operation Environmental monitoring stations: a monitor the impacts of the project and submit a monitoring E C
PlUs submit to SEPA: Reportfor Applyingfor Approvalof EnvironmentalProtection Facilities of the Proiect
Environmentalexamination team: led by SEPA and pined by MOR, Railway Attend Bureaus,local environmentprotection departments, PlUs, constructors, l ,supervision units, design and environmentassessment units
l~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|rovApprovalof environmental protectioth finished project
l l | ~~~~~~~~~~Approvalby SEPAl
Put into operation
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Figure 1.4-2 Environmental Impact of Operation Period
.. oi I =Locomotve operation & maintenance Environmental impact * Noise & vibration *Electromagnetic ,| | Rolling stock facility radiation ,c)' . Wastewater :3 l. Exhaustgas >1 ., Solid Waste
.- Passenger O transoortation N 0 i ~ I N qO ' ~~~~~~~Freighttransportation|
co J ,l ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Socio- CD economic X ' Stations impact * Population .Employment & Income Tianshu| . Resources
Water& powersupply Exploitation cU
co 3 l ~~~~~~~Housebuilding
0 N co 0 o .Communication &
'3, SecondaryO * Pollution of power impact plants
Track repair & _ * Population N I maintenance distribution in the X ' i i ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~areasof stations to r r r ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~beclosed
|Lanzho |______Environmental protection
9I …P\ P
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1.5 RegulatoryBasis and Standards The assessmentcriteria, i.e., the guidelinesand standards,applied in the evaluationof this projectare listed in Tables 1.5-1and 1.5-2.A completelist of state laws, regulationsand decrees that provide the basis of the assessmentcriteria is providedin the EIA document.
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Table 1.5-1 Standards for Environmental Impact Assessment
Standard0 Category 0 X0 ___m______0} -g Class PH CODcr BODs PetroleumOil 11 6.5-8.5 15 mg/l 3 mg/l 0.05 mg/l Baoji-Linjiachunsection (Class l1l); III 6.5-8.5 20 mg/l 4 mg/l 0.05 mg/I Linjiachun-JiaheRiver (provinceboundary) SurfaceWater IV 6.5-8.5 30 mg/I 6 mg/l 0.5 mg/l (ClassIl); Environmenate National Jiahe River-WushanYuanyang Town (Class GHZB1- Environment mandatory IV); 1999 QualityStandard, environmental WushanYuanyang Town-Longxi Wenfeng implemented quality standard Town(ClassIV); January 1, 2000 V 6-9 40 mg/l 10 mg/l 1.0 mg/I Dingxi Town-Chankou (Class V); WanchuanRiver(Class 1II); Lanzhousection of the Yellow River(Class IlIl)
Time limited Constructionbefore Constructionafter Time_limitedDecember 31, 1997 December 31, 1997 PH 6-9 6-9 SS 70 mg/I 70 mg/I Baoji Tashi Tianshui,Wushan, Lanzhou. Integrated National ClassI BOD5 30/mg/l 20/mg/I , , Wastewater Natory CODcr 100mg/l 100 mg/l GB8978- Discharge mandatory PetroleumOil 10 mg/l 5 mg/l 1996 Standard, environmental Mineraloil 20 mg/l 10 mg/l Implemented standard pH 6-9 6-9 January1, 1998 SS 200 mg/l 150 mg/l BOD5 60/mg/I 30/mg/I Class II Longxi station Dingxi station. CODcr 150mg/I 150 mg/l PetroleumOil 10 mg/I 10 mg/I
Mineral oil 20 mg/I 15 mg/l _
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Table 1.5-1 Standards for Environmental Impact Assessment (Cont'd)
Codeor, ':;f ...... Standad Sadr aeCieinppIaiAe.an oe WeiheWatershed BOD5 25mg/l Standardfor DB61-224- OverallDischarge environmental Classn Baiji Tuoshi 1996 of Wastewater emissionstandard CODcr 80 mg/i implemented June 1, 1992 FarmlandIrrigation National pH 5.5-8.5 Water Quality mandatory Dry SS 200 mg/l Comprehensiveutilization analysis GB5084-92 Standards, environmental farming BOD5 150 mg/I for railwaywaste water implemented envlironmetalnfamin CODcr 300 mg/I October 1, 1992 qualitystandardPetroleum Oil 10 mg/ Noise Limitin the National Day 70 Leq dB(A) Vicinityof mandatory along railwayline, GB12322-90 Railways, environmental boundary Night 70 Leq dB(A) 30m beyondthe track. implemented emissionstandard March 1,1991 emission standard Day 55 Laeq:dB(A) for special requirement Standardfor Class 1 (usedfor the analysisby the Ambient Noisein National Night 45 Laeq:dB(A) requirementof the World Bank) GB3096-93 UrbanAreas, mandatory Day 60 Laeq:dB(A)Sh implemented environmental Class 2 Dayh 60 Laeq:dB(A) School and hospital,etc
March, 1 1994 quality standard C 3aNight 70 Laeq_dB(A)_Viiiaye,_town I I ~~Clss3Night 55 Laeq:dB(A)g,tw Accordingto the commentsof EIAexperts and documentof SEPA Day 70 Laeq:dB(A) Residentialarea nearold line and (Huanhan,No.46,1999) Night 70 Laeq:dB(A) new single and doublecircle line.
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Table 1.5-1 Standards for Environmental Impact Assessment (Cont'd)
Construction Construction Category before after 2000.12.31 2000.12.31 l Air Pollutant Nature Fume 150 mg/l 120 mg/l Emission National ventilation S02 1200 mg/l 900 mg/I GWPB3- Standards of mandatory Class II Coal <0.7 kW NOx / / All the old and new boilers along 1999 Boilers, environmental areas burning Fume 250 mg/i 200 mg/i the line implemented emission standard other S02 1200 mg/l 900 mg/l March 1, 2000 NOx / / Oil Non-light Fume 200 mg/I 150 mg/l burning diesel oil S02 1200 mg/l 900 mg/l burning kerosene NOx / 400 mg/I Category Day average Hour average TSP concentration 0.30 mg/Nm3 / Ambient Air National limited GB3095- Quality Standard, mandatory Class II S02 All the old and new boilers along 1996 implemented environmental Concentration 0.15 mg/Nm3 0.50 mg/N m3 the line October 1, 1996 quality standard limited NOx concentration 0. 10 mg/Nm3 0. 15 mg/Nm3
I ______lim ited The Limit of picture signal-to-noise ratio is 30 dB(A); For receiving of TV signals in Subjective Assessment Method for Color TV Picture interference system is Signal received normally at the signal-to- rural areas class 11and class IlIl noise above 30 dB(A) ClassificationIand Grading of All soil disturbances along the SL 190-96 Soil Erosion Dependent on county, site and soil type. railway line and associated S:\SEC\Project\CE02doilErosion facilities
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Table 1.5-2 Noise Limited Values at Construction Sites*
Stone & Earthwork Bulldozers, excavators and fork-lift trucks 75 55 Pile Driving Various pile driving 85 Prohibited Structural Work Concrete mixer, vibrator, electric saw 70 55 Decoration Crane, lift, etc. 65 55
* According to Noise Standard GB 12525-90
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The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001
2.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION The proposedBaolan railway line of the Lianyungang-LanzhouRailway will start at Baoji in ShaanxiProvince and end in Lanzhou,the provincialcapitol of GansuProvince. It will parallel the existing Baoji to Lanzhouline, a singleelectrified railway line 490.6 km in length (Figure1.1-1).
The east end of the Baolanline connectswith the Baoji-ChengduRailway Line and the Baoji- ZhongweiRailway Line. The west end of the railwayline connectswith the Baotou-Lanzhou Railway Line,the Lanzhou-QinghaiRailway Line and Lanzhou-XingjiangRailway Line.
The total length of the proposedBaolan railwayline is 535.078Km. The cost for the constructionof this line is estimatedat RMB 109.76x108. Constructionof the new line will requirethe use of 736.01 ha of land,the relocationof 43.24 ha of houses and the resettlement of 11,810 peopleincluding 3606 peopleaffected by land acquisition.Technical details of the proposedBaolan line are summarizedin Table2.0-1.
2.1 Construction Schedule Constructionof the railwayline and associatedfacilities will require4 years, commencingin 2000 and finishingin 2003. The key projectcomponents will start first, includingthe three major tunnelsand the 23 extra long bridges. Rail beds, bridgesand culverts,tunnels, stations and yards etc. will be constructedduring the secondstage, requiring2.5 to 3 years to complete.As these projectcomponents are being completedthe auxiliaryfacilities such as electricitysupply, water supply and sewagedisposal, locomotive vehicle facilities, communication signals, houses, etc. will beginand be completedover a periodof 2 years.After constructionis complete adjustmentsof equipmentfor the operationof the facilitieswill be carriedout.
Constructionwill requireabout 49,860,000 working man-days,vehicle operationwill require 2,170,000working days, and machineoperators will requireabout 7,930,000 working days.
The operationperiod will begin in 2008, at partial capacity(the short-term),and will increaseto full capacityin 2013 (the long-term).
2.1.1 RailwayLine, Rail Bed and Track The total lengthof new rail will be 337.58 km including67.038 km of doubletrack. The rail line will parallelthe highwayfor 231.309km. The track is standardtrack of 60 kg/mand 25 m in length.Engineering geology conditions are good. Sectionswith unfavorablegeology including major landslideand mudflow areas have beenavoided where possibleby carefullocation of the rail line.
Rail bed constructionwill require6,651,200 m 3 of fill, 16,215,100m 3 earthwork,436,100 m 3 stone work, and 346,900m 3 masonrywork.
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Table 2.0-1 Technical Data of the Proposed Baolan Rail Line
OperatingLength 482.154km/457.085 km (up/down) Length of the 535.078km ProposedLine Project Budget 10,975,000,000RMB I Grade Numberof Tracks Doubleline Limitedslope SingleLocomotive "/oo, Double Locomotive6 130/oo Main technical Minor curve radius Newly-builtline 400m,exist line keeps300m standard -Type of traction Electrictraction sTypeof locomotive SS3 for cargo, SS7c for passengers TractionCapacity 4000 t Effectivelength of the 850 m, 20 m morefor doublelocomotive
Type of block Auto block iiLarge bridges Linearmeters 19694 Large bridges No. 24 Major and mediumbridges Linearmeter 33157 Bridgeand culvert No. 205 engineering Minor bridges Linearmeters 1055 No. 61 Culverts Linear meters 15840 No. 923 <1000m Linear meters 21232 No. 48 .l1000-2000 m Linear meters 27208 Tunnelengineering No. 18 2000-3000m Linear meters 7337 No. 3 >3000m Linear meters 15619 >3000m ~~~~~~~No. 4 Stone work 42.07 (104 Mi) Roadbd.Earth work 1623.05(10 4m) engineering Masonry work 54.37 (104 Mi)
Occupiedland Permanent 736.01 ha Temporary 389.70 ha Passengertrains Short-term 29 (pairs/day) Long-term 34 Section Baoji-Tianshui TianshuiKou Tianshui-east Maximum tonnage of of Lanzhou freight for each Short-term Up 2432 2398 2600 railwaysection Down 1520 1467 1439 (x04 t/a) Up 2499 2906 3100 Down 1905 1840 1816
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The area of land requiredfor the rail bed is 483.87 ha. The averagewidth of the single line is 6.4 to 7.7 m, while averagewidth for doubleline is 11.8 m. The averagewidth of the disturbed area will be 16 m. The degreeof cut slope will be 1:1.3 to 1:2.25,and the degreeof embankmentslope 1:0.3 to 1:1.5.
2.1.2 Bridgesand Culverts The new rail line will requirethe constructionof 53,906 m of bridgesincluding 23 extra long bridges, 205 medium-sizedbridges, 61 minor bridgesand 923 culvertswith a total length of 15,840m as itemizedin Table 2.0-1. Pre-stressedreinforced concrete girders 32 m in length supportedby drilled pile foundationswill be usedfor bridgeconstruction. Bridges will be designedfor a flood frequencyof 1 in 100years exceptthe extra-longbridges (and some major bridges)that will be designedfor a flood intervalof 1 in 300 years. Culvertswill be designedfor 1 in 50 year flood events.
2.1.3 Tunnels The new rail line will require61 single line tunnelswith a total length of 59,594 m and 12 double line tunnelswith a total length of 11802m. Most tunnelsare requiredin the Weihe valley. Tunnel excavationwill generate4,761,100 m 3Ofwaste rock. Of this amount,294,300 m 3 will be utilizedas fill materialand the balance(4,466,800 m 3) will be discardedin designatedspoil disposalsites totaling 107.87ha. Groutedstonework wall will be constructedover an area of 197,400m 3 as protectionengineering.
2.1.4 Borrow Pits and Spoil DisposalSites
Rail bed constructionwill generate 1,665.11x 104 m3 of excesssoil and rock, 866.32 x 104 m3 of which will be used for routine rail bed constructionand the remainder,798.79 x 104 m3 , for valley fill. The quantityof fill requiredis greaterthan the volume availablefrom excavationsrequiring an additional4,344,700 m 3 of materialto make up the difference.Most of the discardedmaterial is located in the Baoji (45.2%or 2,018,500m 3 ) and Yuzhongcounties (12.0% or 534,000m 3) and Beidaodistrict of Tianshui(32% or 1,429,200m 3).
Stationand yard developmentwill requirethe excavationof 890.28 x 104 m3 of earth and stone and an additional3,678,000 m 3 of borrow material.
The total quantityof discardedmaterial is 1,043.85x 104m 3, of which the rail bed will produce 373.97 x 104 m3 (35.8%of the total), tunnel excavationwill produce446.68 x 104 m3 (42.8%), and the station and yard developmentwill produce223.20 x 104 m3 (21.4%). Locationsof major borrow pits and excess materialdisposal sites are shownin Figures2.4.1 (index map) and Figures2.4.1-1 to 2.4.1-5.
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The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001
The proposedBaolan Line constructionwill require3,315,300 m 3 of coarsesand, 5,139,000m 3 of platedand crushedstone, and 1,920,600m 3 of ballast.Stone material will be obtainedfrom existingquarries, mainly those locatedat Tangjiashan,Yanjiahe, Putaoyuan, Huaishuwan, Tianjiagou,and Jinya. The ballastwill be obtainedfrom the Yanjiahe,Shajinping, Huaishuwan pits.
2.1.5 Water and Soil Conservation Water and soil conservationis an integralpart of the projectand needsto start at the same time as other projectcomponents.
Key water and soil conservationworks within each constructionyear include: * 2000-2001: Retainingwalls, slope protection,scour prevention,slide prevention,and plantinggrass. * 2000-2002: Retainingwalls, recultivationand afforestationof spoil disposalsites from tunnel construction. * 2002-2003: Recultivationand afforestationof borrowpits and spoil disposalsites for the rail bed project,cut and fill sites for new stationsand yards, afforestationof the main rail bed and retainingwalls and afforestationof the new stationsand yards. * 2003: Clean-upand afforestationof temporaryroads and constructionsites.
2.2 Stations The new Baolanline will have 44 stations,including 42 existingstations and 2 new stations. Thirty-twoold stationswill be closed.The new stations,at Zhaoyuand Majiawan will be built becauseof a changein rail location.Three new down stations(for trains travelingwest to east) will be builtopposite to the existingstations - Tuoshi,Jianhe, and XiananyangchuanStations, all of which are in the Baojito Gangusection (Figure 1.1-1). Stations will includeone district station (TianshuiStation), one passengerstation (Baojistation), 40 intermediatestations and one blockstation.
A total of 174.35ha will be requiredfor development/upgradingof stationsand yards. An additional109.95 ha will be required(temporarily) during construction.
2.2.1 Electricaland Communications Screenedcables used for telecommunicationwill be upgraded.An all-relay semiautomaticblock system,with separatepower supply,is usedfor railwaysignals, with an automaticblock system usedat some signals.
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2.3 ConstructionCamps A workforceof 23,000persons/day (average of 45 people/km)will be engaged in the construction.The workforcewill be housedin 25 to 30 constructioncamps. Household wastewaterdischarge from constructionworkers will total about 1,560Vd or between52 t/d and 62 t/d from each constructioncamp. This wastewaterwill be treated and usedfor irrigationof farmlandsand wateringvegetation. The amountof solid wastewill total about 27 t/d or between 0.9 t/d and 1.08 tVdfrom each camp. Solid wasteswill be collectedand deliveredto local waste treatmentplants.
2.4 Capacityof Passengersand Freight Followingconstruction of the second Baolanrailway line, passengertrains will increasefrom 14 to 34 pairs per day, and freight trains from 20 to 36 pairs per day. Volume of freight movedwill increasefrom 1050 x 104t/year(up as well as down) to 5620 x 104t/yearin 2013.
The top speed for trainsfrom Baojito Tianshui:passenger trains =140km/h;freight trains = 60 km/h;from Tianshuito Lanzhou:passenger trains = 120km/h;freight trains = 80km/h.
2.5 LocomotiveStations, Maintenance Facilities 2.5.1 Operationand Maintenance The Baoji LocomotiveTurnaround Point for passengertrains will be rebuilt into a Passenger Locomotiveand the requiredassociated facilities.
3 The TianshuiLocomotive Depot will add an oil depotwith a volume of 150 m .
The LongxiLocomotive Depot will remain in its presentstate.
The LanzhouLocomotive Depot - repair and servicingfacilities will be upgradeand enlarged.
2.5.2 RollingStock Facility The Baoji PassengerCar TechnicalServicing Depot will be upgradedand enlarged.
The TianshuiRolling Stock OperatingDepot will be rebuilt and enlarged.
At the LanzhouPassenger Depot will be renovatedand car servicingrenovated and upgraded.
2.6 PowerSupply and Communications The new line will require 14 tractionelectrical substations, including two new stations at Fulinbaoand Tianshui.
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Six new district transformerstations and distributioncenters will be built at Fulinbao,Zaohuang, Tashi, Shetang,Tianshui, and TonganyiStations.
Twelvebranch district transformerstations and distributioncenters will be built at Fangtangpu, Dongkou,Jianhe, Shetang, Yangjiahe, Xinyangzheng, Pananzheng, Yuangyangzheng, Yuntianxiang,Tangjiabao, Liangjiaping, Gancaodian, and Luotuoxiangstations.
Five terminal officesfor communicationwill be built at Baoji,Tianshui, Longxi,Dingxi and Lanzhoustations.
The power requirementswill be filled from the existingnetwork, 78.7% of the powerwill come from hydroelectricsources and the remainder(21.3%) from heat generatedsteam power.
A direct electricalfeed systemwith a return cablewill be usedfor the new line. The contact lines will use the simple chain hang system.Electricity will be suppliedfrom the Shaanxiand Gansu electricitynetworks.
Temporarypower supplyduring constructionwill require50 km of 35 kV electrictrunk line and 79.5 km of 10 kV electricline.
2.7 Water and Sewage The existing six water supply stationswill not be changed.Water consumptionrequirements will be met by combiningexisting water sourceswith newwater resources,mainly from wells, including,Baoji and Tianshui,Tashi, and the new stationsat Zhaoyuand Majiawan.The existingwater supplieswill be utilizedat Wushan.Tap water will be used at Longxiand Dingxi, as agreedwith local environmentprotection departments. Agreement was also reachedwith the local EPB for the dischargeof wastewater.
2.8 GarbageDisposal The main solid wastes from the railwaywill be cinders (left from burningcoal in the boilers)and constructionmaterial (12806.9 Va), dust (416.1Va), domestic rubbish (72984.4 Va), garbage from trains (2091.0Va), and garbagefrom stations(90.8 Va).
Metalwaste in householdrubbish and waste rags can be retrievedand reused.Welding residue can also be used as a constructionmaterial.
Garbagefrom trains and stationswill be collected. Rubbishfrom the passengertrain will be baggedand disposedof at Baoji,Tianshui, and Lanzhoustations where it is transportedto sanitarywaste facilitiesapproved by the local environmentaldepartment. It is forbiddento discard this waste along the rail line.
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2.9 Roads The existing highwaysalongside the railwayline may be used as trunk roads for material transportation.If no existing highwayscan be used, newtrunk roadswill be built and likely retainedas permanentroads. Currentroads (within the railwayland use area) located alongsidethe existing railwayline will be upgradedin sectionswith no local highways.New trunk roadswill be built in the newly acquiredland for the constructionof the new line. New roadswill be built to connectlocal highwaysand newly-builttrunk roads.
Existingaccess roads, totaling216.8 km, will be rebuiltwith clay and gravel surfaces. In total, there will be 183.2km trunk roads (roadwidth = 5.5 m), including100.7 km new roads,and 82.5 km upgradedones. Branchroads (roadwidth = 3.5 m) will total 223.8 km in length, including89.5 km new roads, and 134.3km upgradedones.
Mostof the land to be usedfor these roadsis classifiedas wasteland.The routing of the roads will considerthe long-termtraffic requirementsof the local residentsand the avoidanceof environmentallysensitive areas. Portionsof the temporaryroads built during the construction periodwill be retainedas permanentroads to provideservice to local residents.The remainder of the roads will be fully reclaimedto the originallandform and vegetation. It is estimatedthat 176 km of the temporaryroads will be kept as permanentroads.
2.10 Socio-EconomicAspects Resettlementof 8,204 people,and relocationof 3606 peopleaffected by land acquisitionand the removalof 432,400M 2 of housing.
The full-time staff will be increasedby 5,251,of which 1,680will work for the Zhengzhou RailwayBureau and 3,571will work for the LanzhouRailway Bureau. The full-timestaff working on the passengertrains will increaseby 2,100.
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3.0 ANALYSISOF ALTERNATIVES Three alternativeswere considered: * constructionof a completelydifferent railway line, servingthe same destinations; * railwayline constructionversus upgradinghighways in the same transportationcorridor; and * differentalignments and designsat selectedsections of the BaolanSecond Line.
3.1 ComparisonBetween Existing Railway Alternatives Two railwaylines connectBaoji to Lanzhou- the existingBaolan line, and the Baoji to Zhongweito Lanzhouline, i.e., Baozhonglanline (Figure3.1-1).
In recent years, due to rapid increasesin both passengerand freighttransportation both the Baolanand Baozhonglanlines have been at or close to their respectivecapacities. Construction of a Baozhonglansecond line as an alternativeto the Baolansecond line was considered. However,as both of these lines are alreadyoperating at or near capacityand consideringthat the proposedBaolan section from Lanzhouto Baoji is 299 km shorterthan the existing Baozhonglanline, the Baolanrailway line was the obviouschoice in terms of constructionand operatingcosts and the potentialenvironmental impacts.
3.2 Comparisonof Railwayand Highway A highwaycurrently exists from Baoji to Lanzhou,however, transportation by railwayis the primary meansof moving passengersand freight in the region. In recentyears, 75% of the freight was transportationby rail comparedto 22% by highway.Over long distances,railways are typicallymore efficientthan highwaysfor transportingfreight. Highwaytransportation in the study area is limited becauseof the relativelypoor quality of roadsand distancefrom Baoji to Lanzhou(684 km). Evenif the existing highwaysare upgradedand expandedthey would not be able to accommodatethe volume of freight transportedby rail. 3.3 Comparisonof AlternativeRouting Options along the BoalanLine The existing Baolanline has sharpradius turns of 300 meters,comparatively few and short tunnels,and the line is located in areaswith unstablegeological conditions and along rivers that flood and have banksthat occasionallycollapse. The constructionof a new line will alleviate manyof these problemsby ensuringa minimumradius of 400 m, avoidingareas of unstable geology,using currenttechnology for tunnel construction,and crossingrivers via bridges as opposedto laying tracksadjacent to riverbeds.
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'~~~~~~~tAutonomous 5Re ~ ~ ~ ~ Shaqon K> Provin7 ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Prvic -C Bala Rala EA Sumr F /~~~~~~ 7 LonaNK ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ OeaonlRilLn -' -. -, - - -- U-- N -~ ~~~~~~------ou tyBo nd r ne a Bao-Zhong-LanUnOption + ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Reads 30 0 30 60 90 _ -- Rivers Kilometers Comparison~~~~~ofla BaoanrE21~~~~ (D®ClteslTowns LineOpfirre igred rpae ChinaMinistry of Railways m 20 TR Fiue31 BaolanRailway EA Summary Comparison of the Preferred Baolan CE__216 ___ Figureprepared Line and the Bao-Zhong-LanOption BAOLANSUMMARY.APR bAE The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 The following principleswere appliedin the designof the BaolanSecond Rail line: * optimizethe use of the existingalignment (twin the rail line) buildingsand equipment; * in areas of unstableterrain, the existingalignment will be abandonedand rerouted through more stableterrain; * where cost is feasiblethe routing of the existing and secondline will be modifiedto improvespeed of operation; * where constructionof a parallelline jeopardizesthe continuedoperation of the existing line, the second rail line shouldfollow a new alignment; * where the second line parallelsthe existingthe existing line, the second line should be at the same elevationas the existingline where possible;if the sub grade is more than 20 cm above or belowthe existingline, the secondline will be designedas a new line; * cross-overof the existing line shouldbe minimized;where necessaryit should be carefully plannedto ensure safe operations;and * the design of the second routeshould protectthe existing environment,minimize disturbanceof vegetationand soil erosion, maintainriver flood dischargevolumes and minimizeland requirements. S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 29 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 4.0 ANALYSISOF ENVIRONMENTALIMPACTS 4.1 Methods 4.1.1 Scope of Assessment The assessmentscope of environmentalfactors is as follows: * all biologicalenvironmental parameters were assessedin an area 100 m on either side of the proposedline; * the noise environmentwas assessedwithin a 120 m wide zone from the main line; * water was assessedfor distancesof 2 km along stretchesof the Weihe River near Tianshui and Lonxi respectively(downstream 1.5 km, upstream0.5 km from the dischargingoutlets); * atmosphericenvironment pollution sources were assessedat each station; * electromagneticdischarges were assessedat a distanceof 50 m from the railway;and * the social environmentareas of assessmentvaried with the predicteddirect and indirect impactsfrom the railway. The impactsof activitiesassociated with the constructionand the operationof the railwayhave been determinedthrough an analysisof the scopeof the projectand the potentialchanges to the environmentas identifiedin the projectdescription. Mitigation measures for each of the activitieshave been proposedto avoid or to reducethe extent of each impact on the environment.Any remainingor residualimpacts are identifiedand ranked through a standardizedrating system. The rankingof impactsapplies the processof determiningthe magnitudeof the impact,the scopeor area of influencefrom the impact,the durationof the impactand whether the impact is positive,negative or neutral.The specificelements of impact assessmentare as follows: * Magnitudeis rated as low, moderateor high.The ratingis based on the area of the impact in relationto the study area boundariesdefined for this project. Impactsto less than 1% of the projectscope are rated as low, between1 and 10%are rated as moderateand above 10% are rated as high. * The extentof influencefor each impactis determinedby the nature of the impact. Where impactsare containedto within the area of the projectwork, the impactis determinedto be local.Where an impacthas the potentialto extendbeyond the direct vicinity as is the case of air emissionsor pollutionof rivers,the impactmay be rated as regional. * The durationof an impactwas ratedin relationto the durationof the project. Impactsthat would only occur brieflyor duringthe constructiontime frame were ranked as short-term, while impactsthat would continueindefinitely, even thoughthey may intermittent,were ratedas long-term. * The directionof the impactwas positive,neutral or negativebased on the type of change to the environmentor social structureof the impactscope. Directionof impact may be both S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 30 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 positiveand negativewhen consideringsome attributesof the impact.As an example, increasedindustrialization may providea positivefinancial direction, but be negativefrom an environmentalperspective. The assessmentof impactsincludes direct, indirectand secondaryimpacts associated with the project. An analysisof environmentalimpacts and mitigationmeasures of the BaolanRailway Projectis summarizedin Table 4.1-1. S:\SEC\ProjectXCE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 31 The WorldBank EnvironmentalAssessment Summary for the ProposedBaoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March2001 Table 4.1-1 Summary of Environmental Assessment and Mitigation impact Activity Impa¢tc ;;Mit1gaioqV leasu,,es X7t -i.7 of MitLgatteti* Resl7tva Imp CONSTRUCTION Railbed Disturbanceto existing Avoidanceof 10known areas with Geologicaldisturbances can be Somegeological disturbance may occur Construction landform,potential of geologicalInstability avoidedor constructionmethods will due to unknowninstabilities uncovered geologicaldisturbance of rock Bridgesand tunnels to avoidextended stabilizeproblem areas. duringconstruction (low probability) slides,mud slides. slopecuts Constructionof 243 structuresto stabilize Low magnitude,local in scope, short- problemareas, 104 retaining walls, 83 term duration, negative direction slope protection,42 scourprevention, 9 soil stabilization projects, 1 collapse prevention Disturbanceof land (includes High embankmentsand deep cutting to be Redamationof temporary Permanentimpact of landwithdrawal farmland) constructedwith retainingwalls, slope disturbanceareas to equivalentor Permanentremoval of 736.01 protection,erosion protection, retaining wall betterquality Low magnitude,regional in scope, ha and temporary for falling stone,trough for stoneretaining, Stabilizationof railbed,access roads long-term duration, negative direction disturbanceof 389.7ha of drainage,etc. and otherinfrastructure to minis land Installationof temporaryerosion control erosionpotential (erosion losses Soil erosionfrom construction measuresat constructionsites expectedto declinefrom present Minor amountsof soil erosionduring rain sites Plantationof trees (200,000),shrubs situation) events Damageto vegetationand (835,000)and grass(935,550 m 2) at the Restorationof compactedsoils Improvementof currentsoil losses potentialfor changeto water sidesof railbed. throughploughing througherosion control measures and creationof soil erosion Revegetationto agriculturalcrops or withaesthetic and noisebarrier Low magnitude,local in scope, short- plantings term duration, positive direction Temporarydisturbance of Completereconstruction of all ditchesand Minimalto no impacton agricultural All ditchesand canalsrestored ditchesand canals canals production Someshort-term increases in siltation Constructionduring seasons not requiring Potentialfor someerosion or siltation irrigationwater of downstreamcanals Low magnitude,local in scope,short- term duration, neutral to negative direction Accessroads Potentialfor permanent Redaimby seedinggrass Someaccess roads will be developed Improvementof accessby local residents and watermain removalof land Stabilizeroads thatwill be retained to improvelocal requirements, others Redamationand stabilizationof installation Soilerosion will be reclaimed disturbedareas to minim--izesoil erosion. Damageto vegetation Low magnitude,local in scope,short- term to long-term duration, positive ,j. . .______.______.___.and__ negative direction S:\SECGProject\cEC2169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 32 The WorldBank EnvironmentalAssessment Summary for the ProposedBaoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March2001 Table 4.1-1 Summary of Environmental Assessment and Mitigation (Cont'd) .- pact Activity . macts Mi.tiation Measures e of.9^M >;' ' 0ditiation Residual Impa Tunneling Muckfrom tunnelexcavations Bulkheadto be constructedat spoil dump Minimizationof soil erosionor mass Long-termloss of landarea underspoil and spoilmaterial may cause sites to containsoil movement movementof piledmaterial discardsites waterand soil lossesand Sitesreclaimed with vegetationand Minimizationof area requirements Minimalpotential for soil erosionor slides mud-rockflow plantation,20.9 ha withgrass seed, 43 ha to farmland Low magnitude,local in scope,long- Discardsites on level,stable terrain term duration,negative direction The lossof watercaused by Adoptingmeasures to ensurethe waterfor Controlthe lossof water, and Temporaryreleases of waterand the excavationof tunnels. residents. minimizingthe impactto the water sediment neededby residents. Potentialfor mud-rockflows Low magnitude,local In scope,short- term duration, negative direction Bridge Alterationof watercourse Designheight and length in accordance Sometemporary changes to Short-termincrease in sedimentationof Construction flows andchannel with the 1:100year flood, 1:300years for watercoursemorphology watercourse morphology. extra-longbridges Minimizationof sedimentationfrom Somealterations of streammorphology (no knownfish or fisheries Minimizethe numberof bridgepilings in construction habitatwithin the watercourse Low magnitude,local in scope,short watercoursesto be crossed) Crossingat right anglesto watercourse, and long-term duration, negative minimizingalterations to channel direction morphology Diversionof waterduring construction for completeisolation of work areaswith restorationafter construction Constructionduring low flow period Scouringand erosion of Scourprotection structures will be builtat Soil loss, erosionand alterationof Somechange to vegetationcommunity slopes riverbank slopes river bank landformwill be minimal on disturbedsites Instreamsedimentation Riverbanks will be protectedwith and temporary Minoralterations to river bankstructure temporarygeotextile matting as required Temporaryand minoramount of erosion Bankswill be reclaimedimmediately of soil duringconstruction followingconstruction Low magnitude,local In scope,short- term duration,negative direction S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page33 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 Table 4.1-1 Summaryof EnvironmentalAssessment and Mitigation(Cont'd) fmpactActivity impacts tigi M r. ' o tigonM _ - . iduatIm ac Construction of 7 Permanent and temporary Reclamation of disturbed areas with 27,645 Minor soil erosion through sediment Minor increase in total area of the 7 2 stations and land occupied for the bushes, 36,860 trees, and 36,860 m of control practices stations yards extension of 7 stations and grass seeding Improved erosion control at station yards Closure of 34 yard Reconstruction of unstable geologic over current situation stations No impact from 34 dosed features with retaining walls to prevent Enhanced aesthetics stations, sites will be sold movement Disturbance of vegetation Construction of retaining walls Low magnitude, local in scope, long- Alteration of landform term duration, negative direction Borrow pits and Water and soil losses Spoil and borrow pit sites selected from Improved agricultural production over Small alterations to landform with spoil discarding Disturbance to soil and existing wasteland to avoid productive former wastelands redaimed spoil piles (mainly from vegetation areas Minor changes to landform Creaton of ponds suitable for fish tunnel Reclamation of spoil discard sites induding Increased opportunity for fish production construction) 258.12 ha to farmland and 74.43 ha will be production afforested (orchard) Low magnitude, local in scope, long- Borrow pits will be designed for use as fish term duration, negative and positive ponds direction Dust from Pollution of atmospheric Water will be applied to all surfaces that are Timely application of water should Temporary nature of dust and timely Construction of environment creating dust from vehicle traffic or wind reduce dust temporary conditions application of water will reduce dust railbed, roads Reclamation will be carried out immediately Some cropland adjacent to roads with impact and stations following construction substantial traffic may have high Some crops may experience minor levels of dust effects from heavy dust loads Long-term dust problems will be eliminated Low magnitude, local in scope, short- term duration, negative direction Dust from Pollution of atmospheric Materials in trucks will be covered during Dust and debris from vehicle loads Temporary dust and small amounts of material environment transport can be controlled debris from vehicle loads transport Speed of travel on dirt roads without dust Road dust will be controlled control will be reduced to avoid the creation Low magnitude, local in scope, short- of road dust term duration, negative direction Vehicle exhaust Pollution of atmospheric Amount of travel and the use of vehicles will Emission releases will be reduced Vehicle emissions will be within the environment be limited to essential uses only through the limitation of vehicle use standards for China Vehides will be properly maintained to to essential purposes only minimize emissions Vehicle maintenance will limit the Low magnitude, local in scope, short- All vehicle will have standard emission emission levels term duration, negative direction control and mufflers S:\SEC\ProjectXCE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page34 The World Bank EnvironmentalAssessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 Table 4.1-1 Summary of Environmental Assessment and Mitigation (Cont'd) l:00:Il>¢ -fX l7mpcAvt impact Mitigat77nMeasue Efc o. Mitigato e ja lmpac- Construction Contamination of soil and Construction camps will have sewage Sewage will be treated and contained Some temporary alteration of soil camps water through inappropriate containment facilities that will be properly to avoid impacts to soil properties through increased nutrient disposal of sewage, fuel and maintained and emptied on a regular basis No sewage will be released to levels oil spills, spills of cooking oil, Sewage will be treated to meet the watercourses Increase in crop production inappropriate disposal of standards for agricultural irrigation and Sewage irrigation will assist in the Temporary odor from sewage irrigation used oil filters and oily rags, discharged to irrigation systems growth of crops, especially in dry vehicle and machinery No releases of sewage will be discharged areas Low magnitude, local in scope, short- maintenance. to watercourse systems term duration, neutral to positive Vehicles and machinery maintained in a direction central area on an impermeable surface Fuel stored in leak-proof above ground tanks on an impermeable surface Cooking oils stored in a locked building on cement slabs Used oil filters and oily rags encased in leak-proof drums and disposed in local sanitary landfill Noise from Disturbance to surrounding Large construction facilities will be located The requirements of noise control at Temporary noises may exceed the construction residents, schools and away from populated areas construction will meet the noise standard for short durations machinery hospitals Loud equipment operating hours will be criteria for standard GB12525-90 equipment and limited to daytime Sensitive areas of schools, hospitals Moderate magnitude, local in scope, large scale Temporary noise barriers will be may experience short-term noise short-term duration, negative direction construction constructed at sensitive locations problems from construction installation Noise from Disturbance to surrounding Vehide traffic will be directed to avoid The requirements of noise control Temporary noises may exceed the transportation residents, schools and sensitive areas along transportation routes will meet standard for short durations vehicles hospitals Vehicle traffic will not occur during the night the noise criteria for standard GB12525-90 Low magnitude, local in scope, short- Some sensitive areas are likely to term duration, negative direction experience occasional elevated noise levels S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page35 The World Bank EnvironmentalAssessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 Table 4.1-1 Summary of Environmental Assessment and Mitigation (Cont'd) ImpactActivity7. 777i.mpacts. Mit-ation res Effect'ofMittgatin . ResidualImpact Domesticand Publichealth concerns for All refusewill be collectedinto contained Refusewill be disposedof in Sanitarylandfills will fill a greaterrate construction workersat constructionsites sites at all constructioncamps and along approvedstandards than previouslyplanned, creating an refusefrom and local residents the work areas increaseddemand for landfillspace construction Contaminationof soil Refusewill be disposedregularly to local Reclamationrequirements for landfillswill camps sanitaryland fills as directedby the local be increased healthdepartments Environmentalinspector will ensureall Moderatemagnitude, local in scope, refuseis handledproperly long-term duration, negative direction Landacquisition, Changeof land function, Compensationfor landacquisition New accommodationssimilar or Somedisruption to localsocial structure relocationand impactson living conditionof Resettledpeople will receivetraining for betterthan previous Increasedincome for thosetaking resettlement residents newemployment Trainingfor employmentin positions advantageof trainingand work in new Resettlementof 8,204people Assistancewith the developmentof new or of higherincome regionalindustries and the relocationof 432,400 improvedfarm areas Improvedagricultural production Equalor improvedstandard of living m2 of housing Standardof livingsimilar or betterthan A totalof 3,606people before High magnitude,local in scope,long- affectedby land acquisition Specialconsideration for elderly,illiterate term duration,negative direction andfarmers for compensation Increasedtraffic Disturbanceto the localtraffic Trafficvolumes will be coordinatedand Largevolumes of trafficfor Someshort-term disturbance to vehicle volume from increasedconstruction scheduledwith local trafficcontrol constructionwill avoidpeak traffic traffic,especially with largerand slower traffic authorities times equipment Vehide speeds will be controlled and Impact to sensitive areas will be monitored avoided Low magnitude, local in scope, short- Construction traffic will avoid sensitive Controlled speed, routing and volume term duration, negative direction areas such as schools and hospitals will limit potential for accidents Traffic volume at night will be low Traffic will be limited to essential vehide use S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page36 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 Table4.1-1 Summaryof EnvironmentalAssessment and Mitigation(Cont'd) I{mpac Acivt im t MitigatonMea,sures Eff =ctf MitigaioReidua0J) iimact+iXl^ OPERATION Increased The development of natural Local development and government Increase the economic development Economic development for the region development of resources such as minerals agencies are aware of the potential along the line natural will be expanded, and the increases to economic development The train system pollution will High magnitude, regional in scope, resources, local industries and through discussion with MOR decline, however secondary industry long-term duration, positive direction development of agriculture will be enhanced Planning for development will be expansion may increase the overall local industries There will be some indirect undertaken to coincide with the construction environmental pollution and agriculture and secondary environmental schedule of the train service Increased secondary impact of impacts from the increased The local EPA shall impose strict environmental pollution production management and monitoring on the secondary environment impacts Moderate magnitude, regional in scope, long-term duration, negative direction Change to There will be greater mobility The local governments are planning for the Increase in population base will result Change in society composition population of people, which will alter the changes through increased training of in greater demands on the Increase in available income and structure population structure and residents environment and pollution levels. standard of living distribution along the line Local residents will be employed in the Management of development and through increased migration railway either for construction or operation instituting environmental standards High magnitude, regional in scope, to towns and villages and to assist in the transiton will reduce impacts long-term duration, positive and increased access from other regions to develop here negative direction As industry and resource development increases, there will be a shift from the traditional rural and agricultural base S:\SEc\Proiect\CEO2169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 37 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 Table 4.1-1 Summaryof EnvironmentalAssessment and Mitigation(Cont'd) Impact Activity. Impacts Mitlgation Measures_. 'Efectof Mitigation Residuallimpact Closing of 34 Impact to staff requiring re- Staff from closed stations will be offered Employees of the railway will be fully Possible increased change in local railway stations employment other employment where possible employed or will be provided community structure of small villages. Changes in small towns Assistance will be provided to get new assistance in finding new Increase in the amount of building space where the station was the employment if a position cannot be found in employment center the railway Increased housing of office buildings High magnitude, regional in scope, Housing and buildings from the railway will will become available long-term duration, negative direction be sold to local communities Decreased focus in small centers may draw people away to larger centers Noise from train Disturbance of residents, Relocation of 7 schools Meet the noise standard Moderate levels of disturbance operation and schools and hospitals along Installation of 7 noise barriers and 11 requirements as stipulated in increasing as train numbers increase Boilers the railway line sound-proof windows GB3096-93 induding Class 1 at all over the long-term Planting of trees at 4 locations (10 m width) sensitive areas such as schools and People will become habituated to the to provide a sound barrier hospitals sound of the train Install boiler silencers at 8 boilers Decrease the volume and use of train High magnitude, local in scope, long- whistles term duration, negative direction Decrease the speed of the train in sensitive locations Construct the rail line using long-welded track to minimize the number of joints Minimize train traffic during the night Establish standards for new construction to avoid building near the rail line or to include noise dampening construction standards Domestic Pollution of receiving water A new class 11sewage disposal plants will The sewage treatment systems at the Increase in treatment volume of sewage at body be installed at the Baoji, Tianshul, Longxi main stations will meet the standard municipal waste facilities station areas and Dingxi stations and released to the for "Comprehensive Sewage Increase in the available irrigation water municipal waste system Discharge Standard" class I at intermediate stations and a Other large stations will discharge waste to (GB8978-96). subsequent increase in fertilization of existing domestic waste municipal facilities Intermediate stations will meet the agricultural fields Intermediate stations will have septic standard for irrigation water release treatment system to meet irrigation Low magnitude, local in scope, long- standard for water, the waste will be term duration, neutral in direction discharged to irrigation ditches S:ASEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM,doc Page 38 The WorldBank EnvironmentalAssessment Summary for the ProposedBaoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March2001 Table 4.1-1 Summaryof EnvironmentalAssessment and Mitigation(Cont'd) L mpac0R;tAct07ivity Imat Mitg iatio Mesue >fec ofMnitl0Uat( . Rialm Sewageand Pollutionof receivingwater Providefunds for the upgradeof the The wastewatertreatment systems Increasein amountof wastewaterto industrial body municipalwastewater treatment facilities at will meetthe standardfor enter municipalsystems wastewater Baojito ensurethat all treatmentmeets the "ComprehensiveSewage Discharge Small increasein sedimentfrom turnaround Class 1standard (GB8978-96) Standard"class I (GB8978-96) separationand sedimenttraps to be depots, New class 11air floatationtreatment at takento landfills inspectionand Tianshuiand Lanzhoulocomotive depots repairingdepots, and Lanzhouinspection and repairingdepot Low magnitude local in scope,long- car depots of passengercars terntdirection duration,neutral in New depositiongrease trap anddass 11 charcoalfiltration at Tianshuicar depot, Longxiturnaround depot, Boilerair Pollutionof atmospheric Stationswill be fitted withoil-fired boilers Boilerair emissionswill meetthe Some particulateswill be releasedfrom emissions environment andenergy-saving coal-fired boilers standardof "EmissionStandard of the use of boilersfor heating Particulatecontrol equipment will be AtmosphericPollutant from Boilers" installedto reduceemissions class11 (GB13271-91) Low magnitude,local inscope, long- For boilerswith capacitiesgreater than 1 t, term duration,negative in direction desulphurizationsystems will be installed. Lowsulphur content coal will be usedfor boilers Boilermaintenance will maintainefficiency standards Diesel Pollutionof atmospheric The trainsystem will be electricand diesel Minimalemission levels from one Some air emissionsof dieselexhaust locomotiveair environment locomotivewill only be usedon an "as station emissions requiredbasis" within yards at Longxi Low magnitude,local inscope, long- Dieselengines will bewell maintainedto term duration,negative in direction reduceemissions Emissioncontrol standards of Chinawill be met Electromagnetic Disturbanceof television Fundswill be providedto installpublic The receptionvalue prior to the Sometemporary localized disturbances Disturbancefrom reception antennaswhere requiredto maintainor operationof the train will be until all the systemsare replacedor electric- enhancereception maintained adjusted locomotive Receptionantennas in someareas will be increasedin heightor alteredin directionto Low magnitude,local in scope,long- improvereception term duration, neutralin direction S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 39 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 Table 4.1-1 Summary of Environmental Assessment and Mitigation (Cont'd) Impact Activity . Impacts Mitigation Measures Effect of.Mitigation.. Residual Impact Solid wastes Increased waste material for Wastes are suitable for road construction Recycling of waste material Minimal loss of waste product prior to from boilers landfills and should be directed for that use Minor movement of material as wind recycling Storage of waste at a site to control loss or blown dust or as water sediment movement by wind and rain until the Low magnitude, local in scope, long- material can be used for construction term duration, neutral in direction Domestic refuse Public health Refuse material will be collected in a timely Minimization of public health issues Decrease in available landfill space from stations and manner Requirement for increased amount of requiring accelerated development of industrial refuse Refuse will be handled and stored in sealed landfill space alternative sites from depots containers Regular disposal to the municipal land fill Low magnitude, local in scope, long- sites as designated by local environmental term duration, negative in direction protection departments. Refuse from Solid waste material spread Refuse disposal stations will be established All refuse will be unloaded at the Decrease in available landfill space passengers over the length of the line at Baoji, Tianshui and Lanzhou stations stations, stored in appropriate sealed requiring accelerated development of containers and disposed of in alternative sites approved municipal solid waste facilities Low magnitude, local in scope, long- term duration, negative in direction Increased Pollution from the incremental A dust remover with multi-tubular Dust and fume reaches emissions Localized acidification near the Baoji demand on power demand from the installation will be installed at the Baoji as from both power facilities meet the air power plant due to S02 discharge is power supply existing coal-fired power specified in the power supply plan, the emission standards Incremental increase in the emissions for electricity plants efficiency of relocation is 97-98% S02 emissions from the Baoji power attributed to the demands An electric dust remover will be installed in plant exceed the limit for these by the rail project. the Xigu power supply plant, the efficiency emissions is 99% Moderate magnitude, local in scope, long-term duration, negative in SO2 emissions will be treated by an alkali desulfurizing method, the efficiency is 60%; direction Coal ash from both plants will be recycied as building materials Ash recovered from particulate watering should be recovered for constructional materials S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page40 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 4.2 Summaryof Impacts 4.2.1 ImpactsAssociated with the ConstructionPhase The main impactsto the environmentduring construction are: * Disturbanceand permanentremoval of land, the resettlementof peoplerequired to relocate to accommodatethe project, and the social problemscaused by the construction. * Earth and stonework will lead to topographicchange, soil erosion,changes to the riverbed and geologicaldisturbances such as debrisflow, slides and fractures. * The bridge and culvert constructionwill probablychange the water flow, riverbedand the quality of water. * The tunnel projectswill probablylead changesto the water resources,and soil erosion at spoil discard sites. - The station yards and auxiliaryfacilities will changethe passengertrain and freight train operationand will affect the local society. - Therewill be an increaseto the local electricpower requirements,which may contribute,to a secondaryeffect by increasingthe long-termneed for an enlargementof the power plants in the area. - The transportmaterials will probablyeffect the local heavytransportation on the existing roads and bridges. - There will be effectsto resourcesfrom the excavationof sand and rock. Energy consumptionfor cement,steel, water, and other electricaldemands will increaseduring construction. - The temporaryroads will probablyresult in some soil erosion,however, the roadsand bridgeswill improvethe local transportation. * The temporarypower supply lines and water supply lines will includeboth temporaryand permanentconstruction, with the goal to improvethe supply of water and electricityin comparisonto existingstandards. * Constructionwill require16,565,600 kW of electricityand 6,715,600t of water. Powerwill be suppliedfrom the Gansu and Shaanxielectricity networks. Steam and hydraulicpower will be usedto reducefuel consumptionand to minimizeatmospheric pollution. The use of hydraulicpower will also help to reducethe utilizationof energy. * The local resourcedepartments will providewater. The developmentof sand and stone quarries,a resourceof high quality and quantity,will enhancethe local economyand will limit the dependenceon other, limited resources. SASEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 41 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 4.2.2 ImpactsAssociated with the OperationalPhase The main impactsfrom the operationof the new rail line will include: * noise; * vibrations; * electromagneticemissions; * domesticrubbish from passengertrains; * wastewaterfrom repair and maintenancelocomotive facilities; * waste gas from heat supply,coal burning,kerosene, and correspondingsolid waste; * wastewaterand solid waste from passengertransportation; * rubbishfrom freight yards; * water use and dischargeof wastewaterat each station; - waste gas and slag from burner,bathroom, heating, coal burning,and kerosene;and - secondaryeffects caused by the use of electricity(increased quantities of waste from electricalpower plantssupplying the railway). Therewill be an increasein the amountof electricityrequirements (9.82 x 108 watts) to meet the needs of the railway.A secondaryeffect of the operationwill be the increaseddemand on electricityfrom other sources,which will likely acceleratethe need for additionalelectricity in the region. This may necessitatethe upgradeof the existingpower facilities. After the completionof the proposedsecond line,water supply facilitieswill be upgradedin some stationsand long- distancewater transmissionsystems will be constructed.Any existingdifficulties in water supply to local residentswill be rectifiedduring this process. Once the Baolanline is in operationthe amountof boilerwaste (cinders)will be 16,240.0t/a, of which 3,433.1 t/a is the increasedamount from the new rail line. Garbageproduction from train operationand maintenancewill increaseby 74.9 Va for a total of 4,910 Va. Domesticgarbage will increaseby 4,331.4t/a for a total amountof domesticgarbage of 75,650.2Va. The short- term increaseof garbagefrom passengertrains will be 4,331.4Va, the long term will be 5,078.1Va. The boilerwaste can be usedas buildingmaterials, the metalfiling waste and the rags can be recoveredand reused,the weldingwaste can also be used as buildingmaterials. The garbageof the passengertrains will be disposedof in Baoi,Tianshui and Lanzhoustations in bags. All garbagewill be disposedin sites designatedby local environmentalsanitation departments. Social and EconomicImpacts The transportationcapability will be increased,the flow of goods and materialswill become more frequent,and the agriculturalstructure will be changedas somefarmland will be lost from constructionof the new line. These changesplus additional,non-agricultural employment will S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page42 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 alter the local economyand society.The operationof the new railwaywill increasethe pairs of trains every day and 34 stationswill be closed,which will result in some secondaryeffects. 4.2.3 Analysisof Impacts The impacts of greatestconcern are those rated with a magnitudeof moderateor high. For construction,this includes: * noise from machineryand large-scaleconstruction yards (moderate/negative), * publichealth concernsfor solid wastesand their properdisposal (moderate/negative) and * the resettlementof 11,810people (high/negative). For operation,this includes: * the increaseddevelopment of natural resources,which was rated as a high/positive outcomefor increasedeconomic stability of the region, but also as a moderate/negative ratingfor the potentialto degradethe environment. * The potentialchange to the social structurewas rated as a high magnitudeand again had both positiveand negativeaspects. The changeis positivefrom an economicassessment, but may be negativefor the disruptionto the currentsocial structure,especially for the elderly and farmers. * The closingof 34 railwaystations is rated as a high magnitudefor its potentialto negatively impact the local communitystructure and that some peoplemay lose their employmentwith the Ministryof Railwayonce the stationsare closed. * The operationalnoise was ratedas a high magnitude/negativeissue, especiallyat sensitive locationsof schoolsand hospitals. v The indirect impact of increaseddemand on power supply from the regionalnetwork was rated as a moderate/negativeimpact becauseof increasedpollution and an accelerated need for additionalpower in the region. All other impactswere rated as low. The above impactshave positiveand negativeaspects. There will be a stimulationof the local economy,which will promotethe adjustmentto an industrialeconomic base from an agricultural base, provide increasedemployment opportunities, and improveaccess to and greater utilizationof natural resources.The constructionand operationprocess will improve aspectsof the ecologicalenvironment, such as air pollution,and there will be better living standardsfor the local people. S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 43 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 4.3 AIR QUALITY 4.3.1 Construction Large-scalemachines, such as bulldozers,forklift trucks, and cars will be used in earth work operationsduring construction. The air emissionsfrom these machinesis expectedto be within normal emissionlevels for this region,therefore, adding little additionalimpact on the local sound and air environment. The main pollutionsource during constructionis dust from earth and stone work at construction sites and transportof materialsalong temporary (graveled) access roads. Dust levelswill be reducedthrough the applicationof water at constructionsites and roadsand covering equipmenttransporting earth and stone. 4.3.2 Operation The operationof the new Baoji-Lanzhourail line will increasethe numberof coal-burning boilers,fuel boilersand diesel engines Environmentallyacceptable and energy-savingburners will be used in all the stationsalong the line. For equipmentwith air emissionsgreater than 1 ton particulateand desulphurization controlsystems will be installed.All exhaustpipes of the boilerswill be built 5 m higher than the tallest buildingswithin the 200 m from the boilersto alloweffective dispersion. Air emissionswill be spread over the 44 stationsalong the 500 km of railwayand is not expectedto alter the existing localizedair quality. 4.4 Noise A detailednoise survey identified59 areas sensitiveto noise alongthe projectalignment, including 43 schools (5 are boardingschools), 1 hospital, 1 kindergarten,and 15 residential areas. The noise level at 16 schoolsexceeded the Class 2 requirement(of GB3096-93),by 0.1 tol.9 dB(A). 4.4.1 Construction The average noise level from constructionmachinery, equipment and vehiclesis expectedto be between72 and 92 dBA at 10 m. Large-scaleconstruction facilities such as materialsites, track sections,and the beam-storingsite will generateestimated noise intensities(at a distanceof 10 m) of between80 and 115dBA. Some bridgeswill be constructedin cities and the vibrating noise pile drivers and mixing concretemay disturbthe residents.The large-scaletransportation of materialswill dramaticallyalter local transportationand will increasevehicle noise. Transportationof constructionmaterials will result in trafficjams. Accordingto The Noise Standardin the ConstructionSite (GB12523-90), noise intensitylevels during constructionat a distanceof 30 m must be under 75 dBA in the daytimeand 55 dBA at night. To decreasenoise MOR is committedto the followingmitigative strategies: S:\SEC\Proqect\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 44 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 * large constructionfacilities will be locatedaway from populatedareas; * equipmentoperating hours will be limitedto daytimehours only; * temporarynoise barrierswill be constructedat sensitivelocations such as schools and hospitals; * constructiontraffic will be directedto avoid sensitiveareas; and * constructiontraffic will not occur at night. 4.4.2 Operation Noisesources include: * train movement; * runninglocomotives; * repair and maintenanceof locomotives; * rail car and equipmentsounds; and * locomotivewhistles. Predictednoise levels by 2008 at 30, 60 and 120meters from the track usuallymet applicable standardsduring the day but exceededthe standardat night . After the year 2013 there are expectedto be 36 sensitivepoints where noise levelswill exceed the standard(80% of all sensitivepoints), including19 schools. Noise at 15 residenceswill have levelsthat exceed standardGB12525-90 (70 dBA) by between0.2 and 2.1 dBA. Applyingthe more rigorousWorld Bank Standardsto schools and hospitals,i.e., 55 dBA during the day, and 45 dBA at night, the predictednoise levelsat 27 schools (87% of all schools along the line) will be between5.4 and 28.1 dBA above the standard. Nine of the 15 sensitive residentialareas along the route also exceededthe day and nighttimestandard. Mitigation The followingmitigative measures will ensure that the standardof Class 1 GB3096-93(55 dBA during the day and 45 dBA at night)will be met at all sensitivelocations such as schools and hospitals. * Conversionof school use to a less sensitiveuse. Installationof sound barriers at schools, hospitals,residential areas, and other noise sensitivelocations - shown on Figures4.4.2-1 to 4.4.2-5. S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 45 I /Xi, AS. f 0 ,.D. 1 1/ Shaanxi ' (' f f ,/, XProvince , FigitreXti ---- Figure - ~~Nv~~------~~~~7igumeX2 Yuan L K'.. ;igUTe Xi1u-. Gansu Province jFigure Yangjiachuan\ ( .- C =ar / - Baoji N MonitonorgLocatian and MitigationMeasure - BaolsnProosed Line BelnEuoisptng Line ~ CiaMnsr fRiwy *Double-GlazedWindows ProincialBoundary China__Ministry __of __Railways __Ma1h, 2001 FiurJR4.- *,Gree t CountyBoundary F .2-1 5 0 5 Gr10eenelcate_ Roads BaolanRailway EA Summary ~~~~~~~~~~~~~0 sound Barrer _ __ Rivers os CE02169Fiuepead *i -roeter* A None Contour Line (1000footinreuval) Noise MonitoringLocations and Mitigative _ by A rEd NDTE OAeeppndl.r ENrtednffezoo 0 Cities/ Measuresat SensitiveSites - Map1 BAOLANSUMMARY.APR Figure20 ' \ - / \G.angu FigureX ~~~~~~~~Gansu *G3_ < ; w ~ < g >~fi aProvincer y~igre1 7 >jgure 16 - , -X60 Tianshui City - -'jTi4hui Beidaol : - River Figure~~~~~~~~~~~I~~~ istrict------ River -- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~---~~~~~~~Fi~~~~~~~ure1 11 igm 4----- ______- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ F, ureX3 -- -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~------ - \ , \ - 2 ' Yuan Long N MonitoringLocation and Mitigaiton Measure ~ *---- BaolanProposed Line BaolanEarsting Line ~ CiaMnsr fRiwy *Double-GlazedlWindows - ProvincialBoundary ChinaMinitry_o_Raiways_arch 2001 TJR Fgr ..- + ~ ~~~*Greenbelt' ----- CountyB3oundary Maoran,RFigure 4A4.2-2 5 0 5 10 Relocate ____ Roads BalnRiwyE umry o SoundBarrier _____ Riveroitrngs026 Kilometers ALNoe ContourLi,,e (1000 foot interval) Noise Mo ioigLocations and Mitigative Figureprepared NOTES- Apo.nduEfu,eltenaru f1p. Cities/ Tos Measures at Sensitive Sites - Map 2 OAOLANSUMMARY.APR by AMC ~7- ~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~-N >,,< \ ~~~~~~Gansu ------ >, ~~~~~Province0;: ~~~~~~~~~iI ; )aFgw vaA r. ____ - --- / - /~~~~~~~~gre2 \ ~.as ~ ~ N usa -/t I ~- i 'N/ ( ' ' ' ' -P, gu N MonitoringLoatiaon and MifigationMeasure Swima ProposedLUne Double-GlazedWindows ProiaolanE Povindea ChinaMinistry of Railways Greenbelt ------County Bourndary n Figu 2 3 5 0 ~ ~ ~~~510 0 Relocate Roads B3aolanRailway EA Summary g Kilometers A None ContourLine (1000fiot interval) Noise Monitoring Locations and Mitigative FiuepeaMeCby06 NOTE:S-Appnmd Ef. ed figu-e. = (D Citie ITowns Measures at Sensitive Sites - Map 3 BAOLANSUMMARYAPR bA E / Pig~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ure33 K -:: ( *X /Sg-X g-\: _re3a2 Gansu Neiguanying Province -i -- . _ &AFiqre 31 L ii e _ , -0 - i , t'e,- - Mayng * /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~u2 MonitonnigLocabon and MitigabonMeasum e 9 BaolanProposed Line N 0 SouridBarHer Rivers CE02169 Figure preparede29 T Grebelt ------CountyBoundary Bm m 5 0 5 10 * Reocate Roads B Kilometers ANo ne ME02reg ContourLine(1000footlnteral) Noise Monitoring Locations and Mitigativa byPAMEC NOTE: seeAppndlforeifteorf- s. (Dj Cities/Towns Measures at Sensitive Sites - Map 4 BAOLANSUMMARY.APR I '~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ i ',: K0 1- -- ' ------ J Lanzhou Iael - iuoS~~-- I--: W -; . , 0 , . ./ --:\ ---- -11~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~----- V~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 4~~~~~ure~~~~~36 , 'l ) /1~~~ -. /.GansuZ::: -\ / ~~/ \j /-~ ---- Province - i,ITt 3nkou FigureXl3 !~~~~~~~~~~~~~-~.--- 4 -;\ N MonitoringLocaton and Mitigaton Mwasure BaolanProposed Line BaolanExisOng Line ~ CiaMnsr fRiwy _ Windows ProvincialBoundary China Ministry of Railways 14.4.2-5 Double-Glazed MShu200mary1 Fiur *Greenbelt ----- Co nty Boundary 5 0 10 GreaRtelt Roads BaolanRailway EA Summary r River CE02169Fiueppad o SoundBanrier___ Figure prepared ContourLine (1000footintorval) NoiseMonitoring Locations and Mitigative Kilometers A None SUMMRY.APR NOTE OerAppond Etrlo lted flg... L 0 Cities / Towns Measuresat SensitiveSites - Map 5 SAOLAN byAMEC The WorldBank EnvironmentalAssessment Summary for the ProposedBaoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March2001 * Installationof double-panedwindows on schoolsto minimizesound levels in the classroom. * Plantingtrees and shrubs alongthe side of the railwaytrack and as a border around buildingsat the following locationsSangyuanzi School, Weinan Central PrimarySchool, JingjiadianElement Middle School,and ChangeSchool. * The boiler roomsat the Ganguand Wusnanstations, and the Tianshui locomotivedepot will be fitted with silencersto minimizenoise levels. * Futureconstruction of residentialbuildings within 30 metersfrom the railwayshould be prohibitedand within 30 to 120 meters,schools, kindergartens, hospitals and the other sensitivefacilities should not be constructed. * Residenceslocated within 30 m from the rail line will be convertedinto non-sensitive facilities. * In the area between30 to 200mfrom stationsand 30 to 1200mfrom the rail line, new planningprograms should be institutedto constructbuildings with appropriatesound insulation. * The use of train whistleswill be reviewedand engineerswill be educatedon the need to limit the frequencyand durationof whistlesin the vicinityof noise sensitivelocations. The noise level of whistleswill be adjustedto reducethe volume by approximately10 dBA. * The use of long-weldedtrack will be used to reducetrain noise (noise reductionof between 3 and 5 dBA). Moderatelevels of disturbancefrom increasingtrain numbersmay occur over the long term, howeverit is expectedthat peoplewill becomehabituated to low level noise. 4.5 Vibration 4.5.1 Construction Explosivesmay be usedduring the constructionof tunnels and deep cuts. This activity may result in increasedlevels of vibrationas well as slidesor collapseof rock.The use of explosives will be undertakenunder the direct supervisionof trained professionals,employing all standards required.Vibration is not expectedto impactresidents as most of this activitywill be locatedfar awayfrom settlements.Where villagesare in close proximityto locationswhere tunnels must be constructed,explosives will not be used. 4.5.2 Operation Train vibrationslevels 30 m from the outer track are predictedto meet the requirementsof "EnvironmentalStandards for Vibrationin UrbanAreas". There are no ancient culturalrelics in the vicinity of the line that will be affected by train vibration. S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page51 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 4.6 ElectromagneticLevels Electromagneticemissions are causedby electricaldischarges produced when the train momentarilyloses contactwith the overheadelectrical power lines. Somevillages depend on simple antennasto receiveTV broadcastsfrom local relaystations. The signalsare often weak becauseof long transmissiondistances. Five locationswere identifiedwhere electromagnetic emissionscould potentiallyaffect TV reception. Fundswill be made availablewere requiredto alleviateproblems resulting from operationof the Baolanrailway line. Televisionreception can be improvedby installationof antennasof better quality,raising the antennaheight, adjusting the antennadirection, or increasingthe TV signal. 4.7 Surfaceand GroundwaterResources The proposedBaolan railway line is within the YellowRiver water shed (Figure4.7-1). Major perennialriver systemsinclude the Weihe, Guanchuanhe,Wuanchuanhe and Yellow Rivers. The WeiheRiver is prone to rapid floodingduring which it typicallyerodes its banksand is characterizedby a high silt load.The depth of the water level variesfrom 0.38 to 0.47, the width of river variesfrom 23.0 to 29.0 m, and flow rates averagebetween 7.5 and 11.1 m3/s. Mud and 3 sand contentvaries between0.20 and 0.60 kg/m. Backgroundpollution levels (SS, BOD5, and COD) generallyexceed water quality standardsdue to the dischargeof industrialwaste. 4.7.1 Construction The proposedproject requires the constructionacross the Weihe River of 289 bridgesand 932 culverts.Environmental concerns relate to increasedsedimentation and contaminationof the river by in-streamand riverbankconstruction activities, spillage of fuel and other potential environmentalcontaminants and constructioncamp wastes. Mitigativemeasures to controlpotential environmental impacts include: * Constructionof cofferdamsaround instream construction sites to preventwater flowing throughthe constructionarea. Waterpumped from the pits will be releasedinto a settling pond to removesand and fine materialsprior to dischargeto the watercourse. • Constructionwill occur during low flow periodsto minimizethe risk of floodingupstream reaches. * Bridgeswill be constructedas muchas possibleto spanthe rivers, therebyminimizing the extent of in-streamwork required. * Bridgefoundations will be constructedduring low flow periodsto reduce the potentialfor direct disturbanceof the water qualitythrough siltation. S'\SEC\Project\CEO2169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 52 1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(X1: fff0A ,X, / ) ' ti -f C-Uiu,----- tt-- ,..X--1. W4,l 0: SAS :~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~uo , 2001 t viri1 FigurePr BadanRailway EA Summary Jr N * Sewage_ Wabr TneatmentPnwincial Boundary otzre(00oUtna) MinRvrSsesAogteC019bAE 5 25~~~~~~~~~~~~~NJr0I5 BAOLAN_SUMMARY.APR~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1 (D Cities/Towns BaolanLine KilomebnS j&inx The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 * Scour protectionwill be installedon river banksduring the constructionperiod, including the use of geotextilematting and mortaredbrick. * All water courseswill be crossedat right anglesto minimizealterations to channel morphology. * To reduce the impactson existingirrigation and hydrofacilities bridge and culvert constructionwill occur during Decemberto Februarywhen irrigationis not occurring. * Bridgeand culvertconstruction will occursome distancefrom existing hydrofacilities, thereforeno impactsare expected.The railwayis also designedto detour major rivers and ditchesas muchas possible.Where ditchesare crossed,appropriate culverts will be installed. * Spoil materialsfrom tunnel constructionwill be dischargedto settlingponds to remove sedimentsprior to dischargeinto watercoursesor beforedraining though ditch systems. * Constructioncamps will be equippedwith leak proof sewagecontainment facilities. Containmentfacilities will be properlymaintained and emptiedon a regularbasis. Sewage will be treatedto meet the standardsfor irrigationwater andwill be dischargedto the local irrigationsystems. * Refusefrom constructioncamps and work areaswill be routinelycollected into contained sites and disposedof at local sanitarylandfills. The environmentalinspector associated with the constructionunits will ensurethat all rulesthat applyto the correct handlingof solid wastes are strictly adheredto and that waste is properlydisposed. * Vehiclesand machinerywill be maintainedin the constructioncamps in a centralarea on an impermeablesurface. Fuelwill be stored in leak-proofabove groundtanks on an impermeablesurface. Usedoil, oil filters and oily rags will be encasedin leak-proofdrums and disposedin the local sanitarylandfill. Cooking oils will be kept in a locked buildingon an impermeablesurface. 4.7.2 Operation 4.7.2.1 Effect of Bridgeson RiverFlow The stretchof river near the bridgewill remain relativelyunchanged after constructionof the bridge. Being located in mountainousgorges, the Weihe River will be containedwithin the river channel. Followingbridge construction,the percentageof overbankflow will increaseto a certaindegree resultingin some changeto the morphologyof the riverbank,however flow will be containedwithin the river channelwith only minor changesto the riverbank.Mortared brick will protect the riverbanksfrom scour. 4.7.2.2 Dischargeof Wastewaterand Major Pollutants-Major Stations After completionof the Baolanproject, wastewater discharge will total 436.7x104 t/a, which is an increaseof 153.3xl 04 t/a. S:\SECXProject\CE02169kR-Mar-HM.doc Page 54 The World Bank EnvironmentalAssessment Summary for the ProposedBaoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March2001 The predicted level of water consumption during operation of the Baolan railway line will increase from 412.7 x 10 4 t/a to 628.9 x 104 t/a or by 52.4% - most of these increases occurring at the major stations. New secondarysewage treatment facilities will be installedat the Baoji,Tianshui, Longxi,and LanzhouStations. Waste water and sewagegenerated at these stationswill be treated by these facilities prior to dischargeto the MunicipalSewage Treatment System. Other large stationswill dischargewaste to existingdomestic waste treatmentfacilities. Sewage treated at the main stationswill meet the standardfor "ComprehensiveSewage Discharge Standard" Class 1 (GB8978-96).While total waste water dischargeat these major stationswill increaseas a result of the new railway line,the volumeof pollutantswill actuallydecrease because of the waste treatment beingadded (Table4.7-1). Table4.7-1 Quantitiesof Wastewaterand MajorPollutants Discharge Before and After Operationof the ProposedNew Line (1 x 104tVa) Wastewater Production 59.0 79.9 20.9 35.4 Discharge Domestic 224.4 356.8 132.4 59.0 4 1x10 t/a) Total 283.4 436.7 153.3 54.1 Normal Discharge 229.2 -341.1 -59.8 SS 570.3 Maximum Abnormal 877.8 +307.5 +53.9 Discharge Normal Discharge 149.6 -313.9 -67.7 BOD5 463.6 Maximum Abnormal 723.1 +259.5 +56.0 Discharge Normal Discharge 373.1 -783.4 -67.7 COD 1,156.5 Maximum Abnormal 1801.4 +644.9 +55.8 ______D ischarge NormalDischarge 13.0 -19.4 -59.9 Oil 32.4 MaximumAbnormal 53.1 +20.7 +63.9 Jischarge ._. Sewageand wastewaterat intermediatestations will be treatedwith a septic treatment system to meet irrigationstandards for water. The treated wastewaterwill be dischargedto irrigation ditches. 4.8 Geology There are ten regionsalong the proposedrailway line where hazardousgeologic processes typically occur on a large scale includingslides, slumps, mudflowsand flooding. Site investigationsand interpretationof aerial photographsin the area of the existingrail line indicatesthere have been 81 rockslides,98 slumpsand 128mudflows. S:\SEC\Projecl\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 55 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 4.8.1 Construction The new Baolan line will avoid areas of poorgeological stability. Bridges will be built across the Weihe River and major gorges,and tunnels will be built to avoid areas of unstablegeology whereverpossible. The use of specializedbackfill and the developmentof surfaceand subsurfacedrainage systems will be key to stabilizingthe rail bed in the loess terrainbetween Longxiand Lanzhou. In total, 104 retainingwalls will be erected,slope protectioninstalled at 82 locations,bank scour protectionprovided at 42 locations,9 drainageditches will be relocated,4 elevated embankmentsbuilt and 1 major landslidearea stabilizedwith geotechnicalmaterials and engineeredstructures. Tunnel constructionmay impact undergroundwater flows, which may reduce residentialwell water productionto approximately300 households.Tunnels will be closely inspectedduring constructionto ensure that all seepagesare identifiedand properlysealed to stop flow into the tunnel. Potentialramifications to nearbywater wells will also be monitored. AccordinglyMOR has allocatedRMB 750,000for expensesthat mightbe incurredfor paymentof the monitoring programs,and constructionof alternatewater supplies. 4.9 Topography,Geomorphology and Soil The topographyranges from mountainousterrain with numeroussteep gorges and winding rivers betweenBaoji and Tianshui,level to gentlyundulating plains betweenBoyang and Tianshui,the Weihegorge (averagedepths of between100 and 200 m) betweenBoyang and Shetang, and a loess plain betweenTianshui-Lanzhou with several major river crossingsand gorges. In general,the soil along the proposedroute is poor and the agriculturalproduction is low. Crops includewheat, corn, beansand oil. 4.9.1 Construction 4.9.1.1 RailbedConstruction and AssociatedDisturbances Soil erosionis a primary concernwhen constructingthe rail bed, tunnels, bridges,developing borrow and spoil disposalsites, and strippingsoil from fertilefarmland. In additionto soil erosion caused by construction,geological failures such as debris flows, and landslidesmay increase erosion. The developmentof borrow sites and spoil disposalareas will result in disruptionof surfacevegetation, and the removalof shrubs,trees and orchards. See Figures2.4.1-1 to 2.4.1-5for locationof major borrowand spoil disposalsites. 4.9.1.2 AccessRoads The design for the constructionof trunk and branch roadswill vary from place to place dependingon terrainand conditionof the existingroads. Fixeddesigns can thereforenot be S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 56 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 prepared.Rather, design criteria have been developedproviding guidelines for the location, use, maintenanceand abandonmentof permanentand temporaryaccess roads. Contractors will submit plans to the PlUs for approvalprior to conductingthe work. Mitigationwill minimizethe impactsof noise and dust and will control potentialerosion resulting from the constructionand abandonmentof temporaryroads. Originalland use will be restored in agriculturalareas and wastelandwith soil will be revegetatedpromptly following the restorationof the soil cover. Newlyconstructed permanent access roads will providea positive benefitto local residents. 4.9.1.3 ConstructionCamps Campswill be locatedon wasteland,ie., non-agriculturalland whereverpossible to minimizethe impacts on the local population.Areas of hard, low permeabilityground will be selectedfor maintenanceand repair of machinery.The wasteoil will be reclaimedand reused,preventing the pollutionof soil and surfacewater. Any areasof contaminatedsoil will be removedand disposedin an approveddisposal site on abandonment.Following abandonment, all structures and equipmentwill be removedand the land returnedto its original condition. Erosioncontrol measuresand revegetationwill be carriedout where requiredto stabilizethe site against the potentialof degradationfollowing abandonment. 4.9.2 ErosionControl Measures To minimizeerosion, the designincorporates use of cut materialas fill - to reduce the volume of discardedoverburden or soil material,selection of an alignmentto avoid cultivatedand fertile farmland;where this is not possible- to reclaimdisturbed areas to equal quality after construction,returning topsoil stripped prior to construction,cultivating soil to relieve compaction and seedingof disturbedareas as soonas possible.In areasof high geologicinstability engineeringdesigns have accountedfor instabilities. Erosioncontrol measureswill includeretaining walls, jute matting,drainage controlstructures - all based on the specificsite characteristics.There will be 244 protectivestructures, including 104 retainingwalls, 83 reinforcedslopes, 42 scour preventionstructures, 4 high embankments, 11 canal relocationsand 3 deep roadbedcuts. Reclamationwill begin immediatelyfollowing construction to preservethe soil and to minimize the potentialfor erosion. The specieswill be selectedbased on local soil, weather and site conditions. Consideringthe entire rail line, a total of 181.69ha will be reclaimedand additional 112.66ha are to be plantedto grassesand forests, the vegetationdepending upon site requirementsand vegetationcover on adjacentlands. Erosionis anticipatedto be under controlwithin two years after completionof construction. Predictederosion lossesduring this period of time total 120,829t/a comprisedof 3,500t/afrom cut slopes along the rail line, 4,045 t/a from excavationsat new and expandedstations, and S:\SEC\Project\CE02169%R-Mar-HM.doc Page 57 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 15,174t/a from spoil generatedfrom tunnel excavations-calculations based on the use of USLE soil loss equationusing standardsderived at local water and soil conservationcenters. With the implementationof the soil erosioncontrol measures it can be expectedthat after a period of five years the soil loss from the reclaimedareas will be less than the currentannual loss of soil and the quality and quantityof vegetationon land that was disturbedwill be superior to that which existedprior to construction. 4.10 Vegetation Vegetationin the study area is mainly cultivated.Native vegetation is primarilyherbaceous speciesand shrubby xerophytes.There are no naturalforests in the area, trees are primarily plantedand grow slowly due to the lack of moisture.Vegetation cover ranges from 30% to 50%. 4.10.1 Construction An estimatedtotal of 85,866trees, including36, 675 fruit trees (Apple,Pepper, Peach, Apricot, Pear), and 36, 862 m2 of shrubswill be removedduring constructionof the rail bed and associatedfacilities. When feasible(2,170 m 2) bushesand saplingsremoved during constructionwill be used in reclamation. Reclamationwill begin immediatelyfollowing construction to preservethe soil and to minimize the potentialfor erosion.Grass seed will be selectedto avoid the introductionof weeds. In total 200,000trees, 835,000shrubs and 37,700flowers will be planted;and 497,400M 2 seededto grass and 935,550M 2 seededto a mixtureof plants. In total 314 .98 ha will be revegetatedwhich is 7.6 times greaterthan the area of disturbed vegetation. 4.11 Wildlife and Fisheries There are no known wildlife or fisheriesresources in the area of the proposedBaolan railway. The existing railwayline has been operatingfor approximately50 years without incidenceto wildlife. Fisheriesresources have been disturbedand heavilyimpacted by past management includingover fishing and pollutionof watercourses. The new line will operate as the old line except for increasedspeed andfrequency of trains. There are no expectedimpacts to wildlife or fish through constructionor operationof the system. 4.12 ResourceUse 4.12.1 Land Expropriation The permanentland requirementsof the projectare 737 ha, of which 441.1 ha will be newly acquiredfor the constructionof the Baolanline. Another23.3 ha of housingland will be expropriated.Temporary land requirementis 389.71ha. S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 58 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 The newly requisitionedland (441.4 ha) is comprisedof 338.5 ha of plowlandand 59.4 ha wasteland. Temporaryrequisitioned land is comprisedof 300.1ha plowlandand 89.2 ha wasteland. Crop productionlost from the temporaryand permanentuse of land is estimatedat 652897 kg, based upon averageproduction of 2986 kg/haand 2250 kg/ha in the Shanxi and Gansu provinces,respectively. 4.12.1.1 Analysis of Effectson AgricultureLands Mitigationto reducethe impactsof constructionof the proposedBaolan Second Rail line on prime agriculturalland includeensuring that topsoil will be strippedand salvagedfor replacementfollowing construction.This will include272.7 ha of rail line constructionarea, 174.35 ha for station constructionand 43 ha for spoil discardsites from tunnel construction. Reclaimedland must be of similar or better qualityto the land that was disturbed. Failingto meet this standard requiresthat compensationfees be paid through consultationwith the land bureausof Shaanxiand GansuProvinces. New agriculturalpractices such as orchard productionwill be encouragedon land no longer suitablefor annual cultivation. After the new railway is put into operation,300.1 ha of the 338.5 ha of the farmlanddisturbed during constructionwill be reclaimedto farmlandor revegetatedthereby reducing the long-term impacts of the project.Treated sewage, suitablefor irrigationwill be available,and will be providedfor agriculturaluse. Duringconstruction 112.66 ha of vegetationwill be disturbed,which will be reclaimedto grasses. In additionto the area reclaimedfrom disturbancean additional181.69 ha will be afforested. Through reclamationand revegetationprocedures the overall soil erosionis expectedto declinefrom currentlevels. 4.12.2 Industryand Mining There are several types of mineralresources that exist along the proposedline includinglead and zinc mines in the Tianshui, Chengxianand Xihe Counties;small sulphurore minesin the vicinity of Tuoshiy;limestone in Wushanand YuzhongCounties - extractedfor cementfactories locatedin Wushan, Gaoya, and Gancaodian;and small-scaledolomite and silica minesfor use in a plate glass factory in Lanzhou. Though mineral resourcesare abundantin the regioncrossed by the Baolan Second Rail Line, none of the reserveswill be affectedby the railwaydevelopment. 4.12.3 PowerSupply There is a current oversupplyof electricalpower in the region. Therefore,no impactsto the existing power supply are expectedwith implementationof the Baolanproject. S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 59 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 The operationof the new rail line will increasethe demandson the regionalpower supply resultingin an increaseduse of fossil fuels and a correspondingincrease in emissions.It is estimatedthat the removalrate of particulates(smoke and dust) will be 97% in 2008 and 99% in 2013. In 1996,the removalrate of SO2 was 7%. The recoveryof SO2 and desulphurization facilities are being used more frequently,with the currentefficiency rates of most facilitiesover 80%. The removal rate will increaseto 85% in 2013. 4.12.4 Effectsof Constructionon UrbanTransportation Vehiclesin the constructionof BaolanRailway line will add some pressuresto the municipal traffic. The constructionunits will arrangetheir transportationto avoid the rush hours, lessening disturbanceto the municipaltraffic. Constructionrelated vehicles will also avoid passingby hospitals,schools (if students live there) and residentialcommunities at night. S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 60 The World Bank EnvironmentalAssessment Summary for the ProposedBaoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March2001 5.0 HISTORICALAND CULTURALRESOURCES Ancient culturalresources and historicsites are numerousalong the proposedBaolan rail line. In March to May, 2000,accompanied by the constructionand designunits, The Instituteof Archeologyof ShaanxiProvince and The Instituteof CulturalRelics and Archieologyof Gansu Provincesurveyed the entire line. A total of 19 culturalrelic sites were located in the Shaanxi Provinceand 29 in Gansuprovince. The protectionof culturalrelics has been incorporatedinto the project constructionplan and the EnvironmentalAction Plan.The three known sites to be disturbedin ShaanxiProvince will be excavatedprior to disturbanceof the area for borrowextraction. All 44 cultural relics and mitigationmeasures to be applied prior to constructionhave been reviewedand approvedby relevant provincialgovernment agencies. When cultural relics are discoveredduring excavation,representatives from the Bureauswill developprocedures to ensure that the appropriateprotection procedures are adopted. The cultural relics excavatedfrom the siteswill be collectedand categorizedby the provincial cultural administrationsand sent to the cultural relic museumfor preservation. S:.SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page61 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 6.0 SOCIALIMPACT ASSESSMENT The total area serviced by this rail line is approximately 70 thousand square kilometers. At present, the total population within this area is approximately 9 mrillion people, and the cultivated area is approximately 1 400 000 ha. An estimated 24 °/ (3.023 million) of the people within the project area live in urban areas, i.e., are non-agriicultural. The existinghighway network is limitedand communicationand transportationwithin the study area relies on the railway. Highwaysrunning along the Weihe River are currentlybeing upgradedand improved. 6.1 Effectsof ClosingRailway Stations Thirty-threeof the 74 railwaystations along the existingBaolan Railway line will be closed. Some of the older workers will be unemployedafter these stationsare closed. However,after Baolan Railwayline has been expanded,the requirementworkers will be increasedproviding opportunitiesfor employmentafter they get some training. The railwaystations to be closed are small countrysidestations with little local commerce generatingonly low volumes of freight and few passengers.Given these conditions,and consideringthat the road transportationhas improvedin recentyears, the effect on the local economyis expectedto be minor. 6.2 Construction 6.2.1 PositiveImpacts Railwayconstruction will provideemployment to local residents.Five percentof the total volume of earth and stonework (83x104 cubic meters)will be completedby local workers.This will result in a total annualincome of RMB 2.8x107/year. Local buildingmaterial industries will supply cement,sand stone and other materials.Production capacityof the Wushan,Gao'ai and Ganchocement companies will increaseby 25 to 30%. The constructionproject will increasethe movementof workers and peoplein the area, providinga greaterexchange of technologyand businessopportunities. The serviceindustry will have a correspondingincreased market base. Moneyspent within the local economiesis estimatedto be RMB 100x108, which will have a multipliereffect as the moneyis spent throughoutthe community.This will improvethe businessbase in the regionand will lead to additionalservices being provided. The improvementsto the railwaywill attract other businesses,which will promotethe developmentof the local economyand increasethe overallfinancial base. S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page62 The WorldBank EnvironmentalAssessment Summary for the ProposedBaoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March2001 6.2.2 Negative Impacts Construction will cause an inconvenience in local transportation in the short term. The increase in workers and materials will increase demands on municipal support systems and the transportation network. Road construction will impact traffic and will result in the closure of some roads. Some irrigation/water supply systems will be temporarily impacted or permanently damaged (e.g., water wells near tunnel projects) requiring restoration or replacement. Temporary impacts of dust and erosion to cropland may also occur. Increased sewage disposal to ditches and irrigation systems will occur. Once construction ends, the numbers of workers and the amount of money spent within the region will decline which may result in some businesses becoming unprofitable. The following measures will be implemented to mitigate negative impacts: * strengthening contacts with local government during project development including providing public notification to endure that potential workers are educated and aware of potential opportunities; * designing and constructing roads in consultation with local residents. Designating specific roads for the transport of large-scale machines and vehicles. Reducing dust levels on roads to protect crops; and * increasing the environmental awareness of construction personnel, establishing rules and systems for environmental protection during construction, especially the handling of wastewater, garbage, and sewage. 6.3 Operation The new rail line will employ 5251 staff, promote the local economy and accelerate the process of urbanization of villages and towns along the line by enlarging cities, and expanding villages into towns. The impact of greatest significance from a social standpoint associated with the proposed Baolan Second Rail line relates to land acquisition and relocation of people. 6.3.1 Land Requisition, Removal and Resettlement The land requisition, removal and resettlement process is a complicated social task that will be carried out according to the policy and laws from the Government of China and local authorities to avoid negative effects during the implementation of the project. The railway units will handle the removal of dwellings and relocation of individuals employed by the railway. For individuals not employed by the railway, house removal, resettlement, farmland expropriation and reconstruction will be the responsibility of the unit in charge of construction. S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 63 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 This unit will be expectedto resolveissues in cooperationwith the local government,the railway office and the peopleaffected. The railwayconstruction headquarters will establishthe scopeof land requisitionand compensation.Local governmentswill processissues for those people unwillingto resettle,ensuring that compensationis properlyallocated and that their standardof living is not diminished Specialconsiderations will be madefor old, illiterateand semi-illiteratepeople to assist in the resettlement.Also, those peoplelosing farmlandwill be given special consideration.Where appropriate,these peoplewill be providedtraining to adaptto new employment.The total cost of land requisition,removal and resettlementfor the proposedBaolan is estimatedat 203.5539million RMB, of which land requisitioncost is 64.5555million RMB, and relocation cost is 138.9984million RMB. 6.3.1.1 General Principles of Land Requisition, Removal and Resettlement The followingmitigation measures will be implementedto minimizethe impactsof resettlement: * reduce land requisition,removal and resettlementto the minimumextent that will still allow the projectto proceed,and use existing railwayland as much as possible; * minimizethe amountof land removedfrom agriculturaland urban areas; * maintainsimilar productivityof land, productionfrom businesses,business conditions and living standardsof resettledpeople; and * adhere to all laws and regulation,provide compensation in a timely manner. The objectivesof resettlementfor the proposednew sectionsof the proposedBoalan second railwayare: * local communitiesshould benefit from the earningsof the projectdevelopment; * with the help and supportof the government,resettled people should be able to raisetheir income standardsto at least that which they had prior to relocation; * the farming populationshould be resettledon land of similarfarming value to reducethe risk of resettlement; * cultural and educationalbackgrounds of the populationmay result in the need for some peopleto seek alternatesources of employment,or a change in profession.However, new employmentmust be based on the free will of the relocatedindividual; * the resettlementplan will be determinedin consultationwith effected peopleby encouraginglocal participationin all processesof resettlement; * beforeland is removed,relocated individuals will be providedcompensation in an amount compensatorywith the value of their property;and * for urban areas, plans will be developedto maintainoriginal productionand management levels,and to promoteregional economic development. S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page64 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 7.0 PUBLICPARTICIPATION At the beginningof this project,local media publicizeddetailed information about this project through radio, TV, newspapersand other media.The generalinformation about the project, such as investment,line location,railway station setting,earthwork, land expropriationrange, compensationcriteria, and bridgeand tunnel arrangementswere providedto residentsalong the line. Duringthe environmentalassessment phase (conducted in 1999),assessment units met with many departmentsand agenciesof agriculture,statistics, planning, forestry, environment protection,meteorological department, transportation, land, C.P.P.C.C.,NPC, and the People's Government.This includedan investigationof the social,economic, and environmentalstatus of the future railwayline. Expertson this region in variousdisciplines were also contactedand opinionsregarding the environmentaland social assessmentmethodology and evaluation criteria were solicited. Publicparticipation surveys were also carriedout during differentphases of the environmental assessmentwork. A standardquestionnaire was providedto all participantsto maintain consistencyin responsesand to allow for a statisticalevaluation of opinions. A total of 66 peoplewere surveyedat the outlinestage of the environmentalassessment. A further 80 peoplewere contactedafter the EIA was complete. A third survey of 36 peoplewas conducted at the requestof the World Bankto increasethe numberof women contacted.The peoplecontacted included different ages, sexes, occupationsand strata. Additionalsurveys were conductedto satisfyreview commentsof the World Bank. In April, 2000 another 26 peoplewere surveyedwhile conductingsupplementary environmental assessmentwork. In June, 2000 anotherpublic surveywas organizedduring which 155 people respondedto the questionnaire. In additionto the public participationmeetings, a total of ten publicconsultation meetings were held from October29 to December6, 2000, attendedby a total of 1,054 people.The project was described,key environmentalimpacts identified and measuresto mitigateor controlthese impactswere describedand discussed. 7.1 Resultsof Surveys Knowledgeand endorsementof the projectincreased from the time of the first survey. Results of the later surveys,conducted during andfollowing EIA preparationfollow: 7.1.1.1 Project Awareness A large majorityof the surveyedpeople (96.4%) supported the proposedproject in the surveys carriedout during and followingEIA preparation. Knowledgeof the project had increased- S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 65 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 32.5%of the respondentswere familiar with the projectcompared to 6% during the initial survey. Agreementwith the locationof the line (73.8%)remained much the same. 7.1.1.2 EnvironmentalProtection Environmentalprotection was an importantconcern to 93.8%of the surveyedpeople. Noise was the key environmentalissue for 85.6%of the respondents;54.4% selected acoustic barriersto be the proper measureto reduce the noise,and 46.3% selectedthe use of green belts. Other environmentalissues considered important included: electromagnetic emissions, vibration,garbage, and land requisition. When the peoplewere questionedon the impact of the constructionto the landscape,46.1% think it "so-so". 7.1.1.3 EconomicDevelopment Amongthe sampledgroup, 92.5%felt that the constructionof the proposedrailway would have a favorableeffect on the local economicdevelopment. Individual income is believedto increase by 48.5% of the respondents. 7.1.1.4 Land Requisitionand Relocation Most of the questionedlocal residentshad knowledgeof the proposedproject and of land expropriation. Of the samplegroup, 80.0% accepted the government'sarrangement and will cooperatewith the PlUs responsiblefor requisitionof land. As to living conditionsafter land requisition,81.0% of the participantshoped to get reasonablecompensation according to the related nationaldecrees. Some peoplehoped for newland (28.2%)and for opportunitiesof employment(23.6%). For resettlement,66.9% hope to settle nearbywithin the same village, 56.7%would accept the government'sarrangement, and 11.1%hoped to be relocatedin other villages. 7.2 Commentsand RecommendationsFrom the Public Concernsexpressed by the publicduring the public participationsurvey and public consultation meetings(summarized in Table7.2-1) relatedto noise,dust, water and soil conservation,land requisition,water supply,safety at railwaycrossings, TV reception.The implementationof plannedmitigative measures should alleviate these concerns. S:\SEC\ProjectdCE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 66 The World Bank EnvironmentalAssessment Summary for the ProposedBaoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March2001 Table 7.2-1 Summary of Public Consultation Meetings for the Baolan Railway t4oN ?+ Time?>-' Locaf6t'v.-t?7 Paricipa v s, i-'- - -Ma su*ges- . 1 2000.10.29 Caijiasi Village in 102 persons of Reduce the impact to the Rail base Gangu Caijiaasi Village in vegetation and land, and County Gangu County reclaim the borrow pits and spoil sties. 2 Nov., 30 The 381nmiddle Teachers and Though a noise barrier will be Near the Lanzhou school of students, totally installed, the efficiency is station, high Lanzhou 105 persons. questioned. Relocation is bridge and noise requested. barrier are designed. 3 Dec., 2 Xinyaopo village 124 villagers of Spreading water on the access Xinqueer Tunnel in Gaoya Town Xinyaopo, road to avoid dust, and of Yuzhong Shangshe, Xiashe reclamation of the spoil sites. County Village. 4 Dec., 2 Yuntian village in 97 villagers of The dust problem and the noise Road base Longxi County Yuntian Village problem at the Yuntian middle school. 5 Dec., 2 Tonganyi village 102 villagers of After the construction of bridge Xianhe big bridge in Tonganyi town Tonganyi and finished, the river need to be in Longxi County Shangjie village. dredged in time. 6 Dec., 3 Peijia village in 113 persons of Safety of the villagers and Road base Luomen town of Peiji village especially the students when Wushan County crossing the railway; the dust problem. 7 Dec., 3 Weishuiyu village 112 villagers of The dust problem and the on- Road Base in Gangu County Weishuiyu village site rubbish problem 8 Dec., 3 Hefeng village in 83 villagers of Less use of farmland and Xijvsigou tunnel Tianshui Beidao Hefeng and other orchards; request that the wells District villages developed for construction be! used for irrigation after the l______project finished. 9 Dec., 4 Doujiaxia villages 128 persons of Reclamation of the borrow pits Road base in Tianshui Doujiaxia Village. and temporary land used Beidao District during construction; noise at l Doujiaxia fundamental school. 10 Dec., 4 Batuhe village in 87 persons of Safety of the villagers when Road base Tianshui Beidao Batuhe, crossing the railway; the dust District Dongjiahewan problem. Reclamation of I villages. temporarily used land S:\SEC\ProjectNCE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 67 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 8.0 ENVIRONMENTALMONITORING AND CONTROLPROGRAM Environmentalmonitoring of the new rail line will be the responsibilityof the Z:hengzhouand Lanzhourrailway bureaus, the Shaanxiand Gansuenvironment protection bureaus, and the Nationalenvironment protection bureau, who will superviseand administerthe construction. Environmentmonitoring includes the managementin the design, constructionand operation stages. 8.1 Construction BeforeConstruction is beguna trainingcourse will be providedfor all staff responsiblefor environmentalprotection. Trainingwill be providedby the Zhengzhouand LanzhouRailway bureausand topics will includenational and local laws and regulationsrelevant to construction including: * monitoringand controlto the environmentalimpact (water, air, noise) caused by the constructionand operationof the new rail line; * monitoringand controlof the resettlementcaused by explorationof land;and * monitoringand controlof the environmentalimpact caused by induceddevelopment project. Monitoringduring the constructionperiod will target propertopsoil handling,and implementation of protectionmeasures to avoid soil erosion, appropriatehandling and disposalof human waste and sewagefrom constructionsites. Monitoringof noiseand dust levelswill be conductedat appropriateintervals to ensure that constructiondoes not affect the environmentor the quality of life for those peopleliving nearthe constructionsites. Daily monitoringwill be the responsibilityof the projectimplementation units. They will develop the criteria and the recordingformat specificto the environmentalissues of concernfor the constructionbeing undertaken.Results of daily monitoringwill be recordedby the PIU supervisor.Periodic monitoring will be the responsibilityof the environmentalmonitoring units appointedby the projectimplementation units. Resultsof monitoringprograms will be reportedon a daily basis to the relativeadministrative departmentsat Zhengzhouand LanzhouRailway Bureaus where they will be recordedin the environmentalsupervisors report. It will be the responsibilityof the environmentalsupervisors to ensure that appropriateaction is taken by constructionunits to rectifyor correct any activity that does not complywith environmentalguidelines and then to report the successof these correctivemeasures. Criteria usedto determineenvironmental compliance will be developed jointly by the constructionand supervisionunits. Environmentalmonitoring and controlduring construction of the BaolanSecond RailwayLine, will be the responsibilityof the BeijingOasis EnvironmentalProtection Technology Company Ltd. The managementframework is shown in Figure8.1-1. S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 68 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 8.2 Operation Environmentalmonitoring during the operationof the proposedrailway will be conductedby the environmentalmonitoring units within the railwaysystem. The professionalenvironmental monitoringstations at the provincial,municipal and countylevel will periodicallyreview the monitoringprogram, as shown in Figure8.2-1. Regularmonitoring programs will includethe following: * Sewage: pH, petroleum,COD, SS, BOD5and COD; * Noise:ambient dB(A);and * Air pollutants:NO, flue gas, and SO2(waste gas from boilers,furnaces and diesel locomotives). Figure8.1-1 Frameworkfor EnvironmentalMonitoring and Control ConsultingService Entrusted, Assisting EngineeringProject CommandPost for Environmental CommandPost in BaolanSecond Monitoringand Xi'an, Zhengzhou Railway,Lanzhou Control Units Railway Bureau RailwayBureau Subcontracting Training Subcontracted l I -1 ~ ~~~~~~~Supervising Constructor Supervision Units | Implementation | Supervision ProposedProject 44 Suevsn th implementation S:\SrC\Project\CrO2169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page69 The World Bank EnvironmentalAssessment Summary for the ProposedBaoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March2001 Figure 8.2-1 Frameworkfor EnvironmentalMonitoring System during the Operation of the ProposedProject GeneralEnvironment Monitoring Station of China(first grade station) EnvironmentMonitoring Station of MOR ProvincialEnvironment Monitoring Station of (Secondgrade station) Shaanxiand Gansu (Second grade station) EnvironmentMonitoring Station of Local 1 [ EnvironmentMonitoring Stations at city 1 RailwayBureaus (Third grade station) or regionlevel (Third grade station) EnvironmentMonitoring Stations of EnvironmentMonitoring Station at localRailway sub-bureaus countyor districtlevel (forthgrade station) (Forthgrade station) Laboratoryof pollutingrailway units 8.2.1 Monitoringof Resettlement Monitoringof resettlementwill be undertakenby the governmentalbodies, and supervisedby Instituteof Introductionand Utilizationof ForeignInvestment, the SouthwestCommunication University,which is an independentthird-party monitoring and assessmentunit for the proposed project,entrusted by the MOR and PlUs. Monitoringis to determinethe following: * ensuringthe standardof life of the resettledpeople is similar to or better than their original level; * the paymentof compensationfor land requisitionand relocationis satisfactory;and * the convenienceof transportationof the resettledpeople. 8.2.2 Monitoringof SecondaryEnvironmental Impacts The completionof the BaolanSecond Railwaywill greatlyimprove local transportation,enhance local economicdevelopment and providemore opportunitiesin employment. However,there will also be an increasein environmentalimpacts and pollutionsources from new industries. S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 70 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 The environmentalprotection administrations in Gansu and ShaanxiProvinces will monitorfor issuesassociated with secondaryenvironmental impacts. SASEC\ProjectNCE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 71 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 9.0 ENVIRONMENTALMANAGEMENT AND TRAINING 9.1 Management The environmentalprotection offices in Zhengzhouand LanzhouRailway Bureausare in charge of the environmentalmanagement along the proposedBaolan Railway. The environmental protectionoffices and environmentalmonitoring stations in their subordinatedXi'an and LanzhouRailway Sub-bureaus will supervisethe environmentalmanagement and monitoring tasksover their respectivesections. The local environmentalprotection departments at provincialand municipallevels along the proposedline will be responsiblefor the supervision and managementof environmentalaspects related to the constructionand operationof the proposedline. The managementwill cover the completeprocess of the project,including design,construction and operation.The projectimplementation units will be liablefor the environmentalproblem arising from the constructionof the BaolanSecond Rail line. 9.2 EnvironmentalManagement Training Plan BeijingOasis EnvironmentalProtection Technology Co., Ltd., will be responsiblefor the training of technicalmanagers, and full-time and part-timeenvironmental protection staff in the constructionand supervisionunits. Trainingwill focus on: * Regulations(State, provincial and district) and requirementsfor environmentalprotection and water and soil conservationduring construction;and * Guidelinesfor environmentalmonitoring and controlduring construction. Trainersare to includeexperts and officialsfrom the EnvironmentalProtection Office of MOR, Gansu and ShaanxiProvincial EPBs, and Water and Soil ConservationBureaus; team leaders of the designteam in FSDI under MOR,and BeijingOasis EnvironmentalProtection Technology Co., Ltd. The total cost of trainingfor both the constructionand operationphases is expectedto be approximatelyRMB 120000. SASEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 72 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 10.0 ENVIRONMENTALRISK ASSESSMENT The environmentalrisk of constructingthe new Baolanrailway can be dividedinto three parts: the environmentalrisk in design, constructionand operationalstages. The major risk is to the environment. 10.1 DesignStage The Baoji-Tianshuisection of the railwaywill go alongthe Weihe river valley located to the south of LiupanshanMountain and the west of QinlingMountain. The topographyis undulating with steep valleys and difficultgeologic conditions. There are 81 slides and dislocationfalls, 98 collapseareas, and 128 valleysof mud rock flows to be crossed.Improper construction can result in mud rock flows or rock collapse.There is a risk of unsafetrain operationresulting in loss of life and property.During project design, factors such as topography,geomorphology, meteorology,hydrology and geology,were consideredtogether with social elementssuch as cities, towns, villages,factories, minesand agriculturalland use duringselection of the route and engineeringrequirements. The projectdesign adheres to all applicablestate laws and regulationsfor environmentalprotection. 10.2 ConstructionStage The ecologicalenvironment of the proposedrailway is such that disturbanceto soil and water is likely to occur. The main risks includethe potentialfor floodingcaused by the railbedblocking the river system,soil erosionand landslidescaused by the strippingof vegetationfrom mountainsides. Past experiencein the area documentsa high probabilityof encountering instabilities,especially when groundwaterflow is disruptedor intercepted.Water and soil losses will be preventedas much as possibleby selectingan appropriateroute and incorporating necessaryenvironmental protection measures during design. Borrowpits and spoil disposal sites will be selected in areasof stableterrain to minimizedisturbance. Bridges are designedfor the 1/100year floodevents exceptfor extra-longbridges which are designedfor 1/300year floods. Culvertsare designedfor 1/50 year floods. Combustibles,explosives, and poisonswill be controlledand will only be handledby a trained professional. All constructionwill adhereto the designsfor environmentalprotection. Construction periods will be scheduledto avoid flood seasons,and no materialswill block existingdrainages. Borrow pits and spoil areas will be locatedaway from unstablegeological conditions. Constructionunits will have an organizationand preparationplan to deal with emergencies.All emergencieswill take priority over construction.Following construction the disturbedareas will be fully reclaimedto the existing land capabilityto preventsoil erosion. S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM .doc Page 73 The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 10.3 OperationStage Railwaytransportation has a relativelylow risk of operationin comparisonto other forms of transportation.During operationthe greatestrisk is from leakageof potentiallyhazardous materialsand accidents.This risk is mitigatedthrough strict adherenceto operational regulationsincluding the managementof dangerouscargo during loadingand unloading,and storage.Railway operationswill accumulateamounts of waste oil and other materials.These goods will be periodicallydisposed of throughthe appropriatemethods. Operationalprocedures will adhereto the regulationsof train proceduresand the handlingof dangerousgoods. Throughoutall phasesof the projectthere is a commitmentto providingall personnelinvolved with the appropriatelevel of trainingto ensure that the appropriateregulations and environmentalprotection measures are implementedin a timelyfashion. S:\SECIProjectLCE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page 74 APPENDIX A APPENDIXA PROJECTDOCUMENTS APPENDIXA - The World Bank EnvironmentalAssessment Summary for the ProposedBaoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March2001 APPENDIX A-1 DocumentIssued by State EnvironmentalProtection Administration No. (1999) 132 Reply Letter of Examination Opinions on the Environmental Appraisal Outline about the Second Line of Baoji-Lanzhou on Longhai Railway Financed by the World Bank Loan The first Explorationand DesignInstitute of Ministryof Railways: We acknowledgereceipt of your letter of "reportingthe environmentalappraisal outline about the second line of Baoji-Lanzhouon LonghaiRailway" No.( (1999)315).We replyyour above- mentionedletter (abbreviatedas outline in the following)and raise our examinationopinions as following: I. We agree with the work contentsdetermined in the outline in principle.You may begin your environmentalappraisal work basedon it. I. You should pay attentionto the followingproblems when you draft the report: 1. You should integrateyour environmentalappraisal work with the overallcity developmentplan, environmental protection plan and environmentalfunction districts divisionof the on-linecities and counties.The key points of appraisalare impactson ecologicalenvironment, noise environment and water environment.The contentsof appraisalwork and form should be basedon the stipulationsof the environment supervisiondocument No. (1993)324. 2. The key pointsof ecologicalenvironment appraisal are the impactsof removalsoils, the protectionof slag discardyards, the renovationmeasures of agriculturalecology and vegetation.Water and soil protectionplans should be listed in a separate chapter. 3. There are relativelylarge amountof noise sensitivepoints in this projectand so in your appraisalyou should list the standard-exceedingnoise areas, the extent of exceedingand the populationaffected in the railwaysection of major environmental sensitivepoints. You should also suggestthe protectionmeasures of noise environmentalpollution and demonstratetheir technicaland economicalfeasibility. 4. You should pay special attentionto the demonstrationof technicaland economical feasibilityof the standardemission and disposingmeasures for the sewagein water environmentimpacts appraisal. Ill. The standardsof appraisalshould be basedon the environmentalfunction district division of the projectlocation. If the functiondivision is still not determined,it shouldbe determinedby the documentissued by ShaanxiEnvironmental protection Bureau and Gansu Environmentalprotection Bureau. IV. The appraisal expenseshould be calculated accordingto the actualwork volume and the expense-collectingstandard approved by the local price administrationdepartment. S:\SEC\Project\CEo2169\R-Mar-HM.doc PageA-1 APPENDIX A - The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 State EnvironmentalProtection Administration Sept. 1, 1999 CC: Departmentof DevelopmentPlans of Ministryof Railways,Shaanxi Environmental protectionBureau, Gansu Environmentalprotection Bureau, the ConstructionProjects AdministrationCentre of ZhengzhouRailway Bureau, the EnvironmentalProject AppraisalCenter of State EnvironmentalProtection Administration S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc PageA-2 APPENDIX A - The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 APPENDIXA-2 Specialistproposition of ExaminationMeeting for AppraisalOutline about the Second Line of Baoji-Lanzhouon LonghaiRailway I. This appraisal outline is drafted accordingto standards.Its contents are overall. The key points are outstanding. The materials are rich. The level appraisal method and the definition of appraisal factors are basically appropriate. The protection objectives are basicallyclear. The installationof subjects is relativelyreasonable. It can be reported for approvalafter revisionand supplement. II. The ProblemsWhich Should Be PaidAttention to in Revisingand Draftingof Report: 1. The documents of No. 31 and No. 5 (1993) issued by the State Council and the relevant plans of Baoji city, Tianshui city, Longxi city and Lanzhou city should be supplementedas the draftingbasis. The functionsand types of the relevant riverson the railwayline should be re-ratified. 2. Further ratificationis neededfor the ecologicalenvironment level appraisal.Detailed analysisand expoundsare neededfor road and passengerstability conditions in the bad and special geologic sections where double and single detour measures are adoptedand the sectionswhere the two detour measuresco-exist. The key appraisal points should be the protectionof project soil (slag) discard yards, the loss of water in the main agricultural field protection areas and the surface of the tunnels. The forecast of soil fertility of agriculturalecology, the quality of soil, the growth volume of plantsand the sand load on the constructionground can be ignored. 3. In the noise environmentappraisal, for the existed line where the two lines co-exist and the single detoursection, you shouldnotice whether noise sensitivepoints within the distance of 30m exist. If necessary the current and forecast data should be calculated.Ordinarily equal-value line chart is not necessaryfor the existedsection. Economicaland technicalcomparisons are necessaryfor the sectionswhere noise reductionmeasures are adopted. 4. The appraisal of electromagnetismenvironment can be simplified. The appraisal materials for the electromagnetismprojects already evaluated can be fully used. Conclusionsand measuresshould be raised for the protectionobjective. 5. For the appraisalof water environment,the water system chart on the line (includes Weihe function district division chart) should be supplementedand the sewage emission points , the appraisaland monitor pointsshould be indicated.The sewage disposing measuresin the main sections,the standard-achievingconditions and the environmentproblems which still exist should be supplementedin the report. For the sewageemission in TianshuiStation attention should be paid to the protectionareas of city water resourcesand the under-groundpipeline plan of the city. SASEC\Projec\CE021 69\R-Mar-HM.doc Page A-3 APPENDIXA -The World Bank EnvironmentalAssessment Summary for the ProposedBaoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March2001 6. In the subject of ecologicalenvironment impact appraisal,there should be a special chapter for water and soil preservationplan. Overall quantity control contents are neededfor the subjectsof water environmentand atmosphere. August 13, 1999 SpecialistSignature Form of ExaminationMeeting for AppraisalOutline about the SecondLine of Baoji-Lanzhouon LonghaiRailway (August,1999) Name Position Working Unit Signature Li BingGuang ResearchFellow InstituteAcdm of Acoustics, ofSine Chinese . ~~~~~~Academyof Sciences Environmental protection Committee, Lai Lu Senior Engineer China Railway Institute Appraisal Center, State Han Guo Gang Research Fellow Environmental Protection Administration Li Yao Zeng Deputy Research Institute of Scientific Research, Fellow Ministry of Railways Lei Si Wei Senior Engineer North-West Research Institute of Mineral Smeltery Xi'an University of Architectural ZhangQin Ling SeniorEngineer Science S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc PageA-4 APPENDIX A - The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 APPENDIX A-3 Letter of Shaanxi Environmental protection Bureau Shaanxi Environment Letter No. (1999) 67 Reply Letter on the Standards Adopted by Environment Impacts Evaluation of the Second Line of Baoji-Lanzhou on Longhai Railway The First Explorationand DesignInstitute of Ministryof Railways: We acknowledgereceipt of your letter aboutthe adoptedstandards by "the environment impactsevaluation of the second line of Baoji-Lanzhouon Longhai Railwayfinanced by the World Bank loan".We agree with the environmentimpacts evaluation standards suggested by your institute in principleand havethe followingopinions: 1. You shouldrefer to and implementthe "comprehensiveemission standards of Shaanxilocal environmentstandards for major water pollutionin the Weihe water system(Shaanxisection) " in your evaluationof water environmentevaluation. 2. You shouldrefer to and implementthe "non-pollutionecology impacts part of technicalguidance on environmentalimpacts---industry standards of environmental protection of the People'sRepublic of China."(HJIT19-1997) ShaanxiEnvironmental protection Bureau July 12, 1999 S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page A-5 APPENDIX A - The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 APPENDIX A-4 Documentof Gansu Environmentalprotection Bureau Gansu EnvironmentNo. (1999) 19 Reply Letter on the Standards Adopted by Environment Impacts Evaluation of the Second Line of Baoji-Lanzhou on Longhai Railway Financed by the World Bank Loan The First Explorationand Design Instituteof Ministryof Railways: We acknowledgereceipt of your letter on the adoptedstandards by "the environmentimpacts evaluationof the secondline of Baoji-Lanzhouon Longhai Railwayfinanced by the World Bank loan".After study,we agreewith the evaluationstandards suggested by your institutein principleand the details of our instructionsare as follows: I. Water 1. For the groundwater, the "groundwater environmentquality standards"(GB3838---88) should be executed: 1) For the sectionsof provincialterritory of Weihe---Yuanyangtown, Wushan, WanchuanRiver and the Yellow River,the third categoryshould be executed. 2) For the sectionof Weihefrom Yuanyangtown, Wushanto Wenfengtown, Longxi, the fourth categoryshould be executed. 3) For the Dingxisection of GuanchuanRiver from the county seat to Chankou,the fifth categoryshould be executed. 2. For the waste water, the first categoryof "comprehensiveemission standards for waste water"(GB8978-1996)should be executed.During the constructionperiod the waste water from ordinaryliving shouldbe disposedproperly. 3. For the agricultureirrigation water, the second categoryof "standardsfor the quality of agricultureirrigation water" should be executed. II.Noise 1. For the noise in the railwayboundary territory, "the noise limitsfor the railway boundary territory" (GB12525---1990)should be executed. 2. Duringthe constructionperiod, "the noise limitsfor the constructionboundary territory" (GB12523---1990)should be executed. 3. For noise,"environment noise standardsfor city area" (GB3096---1993)should be executed.For ordinaryarea, the fourth categoryshould be executedand for the sensitivepoints(schools and residentareas), the second categoryshould be executed. Ill. Atmosphere S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page A-6 APPENDIXA - TheWorld Bank EnvironmentalAssessment Summary for the ProposedBaoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March2001 1. For the ambient atmosphere,the second categoryof "the quality staindardsfor ambient atmosphere"(GB3095---1996) should be executed. 2. For the waste gas of boilers,the standardsfor the second categoryareas of "the emissionstandards for the atmospherepollution of boilers" (GB13271---91)should be executed. IV. Ecology For the categoryof soil erosion,'SL90---96 "classifiedstandards for soil erosion"should be executed. V. Electromagnetism For the electromagnetismradiation, the secondand third categoriesof image damage systemof "the subjectiveevaluation methods for the imagesof colorT\/s" should be executed.The ratio of signal to noise is boundedby 30Db. VI. The originaldocument of Gansuenvironment (1999) 16 is annuiled. Gansu Environmentalprotection Bureau Sept., 12, 1999 Sub: major constructionprojects evaluation standards instructions CC: the Departmentof Supervisionof StateEnvironmental Protection Administration, the Departmentof Planningof Ministryof Railways,the EnvironmentalProject Appraisal Center of State EnvironmentalProtection Administration, the Environmentalprotection Bureau of Lanzhou,the EnvironmentalProtection Bureau of Tianshuiand the EnvironmentalProtection Bureauof Dingxi S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page A-7 APPENDIX A - The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 APPENDIX A-5 SpecialistEvaluation Opinions on the Pre-ExaminationMeeting aboutthe Reportof the EnvironmentImpacts of SecondLine of Baoji-Lanzhouon LonghaiRailway The meetingabout the pre-examinationof the environmentimpacts of the second line of Baoji- Lanzhouon Longhairailway was held on Jan. 28, 2000 in Beijing.The meeting was presided by the Departmentof DevelopmentPlans of Ministryof Railway,and representativesfrom the EnvironmentalProject Appraisal Center of State EnvironmentalProtection Administration, the AppraisalCenter of ProjectDesigns of Ministryof Railways,Gansu EnvironmentalProtection Bureau,Lanzhou Environmental Protection Bureau, Shaanxi Environmental protection Bureau, Baoji EnvironmentalProtection Bureau, the Instituteof ScientificResearch of Ministry of Railways,the First ResearchInstitute of Ministryof Railwaysattended the meeting.Eight specialistsfrom ChineseAcademy of Sciences,North-West Research Institute of Mineral Smeltery,Xi'an Universityof ArchitecturalScience were invitedto the meeting.An evaluation team was organizedand the list was attached.The representativesand specialistsheard the summaryintroduction of the report by the evaluatedunit. After discussionthe team raised the following opinions: 1. The compositionof the report is overall.The materialsare sufficient. The major pointsare clear. The evaluationscope is proper.The responsibilityscope of water and soil lost preventionis clear. The analysisof environmentimpacts is reasonable,the measuresare practicableand the conclusionsare believablefor the disastersin the bad geological areas. The report accordswith the evaluationopinions in the No. (1999) 132 letter of the State EnvironmentalProtection Administration about the environmentevaluation outline of this projectand the requirementsof the World Bank loan.We suggestthat the report be deleted, simplified,revised and supplementedproperly and reportedto higher authorities for approval. 11.Suggestions 1. Further improvementand reasonabledemonstrations are necessaryfor the positionsof major soil taking and discard yards in combinationwith the local plans of cities or towns in the regardsof agriculturalfields and water conservancy.Re-examination of the slag yard positionsalong the river is necessary.The yards which invadethe riverbedshould be repositionedand interruptionof flooddivision is not permitted. 2. Noise Environment:In the two sidesof the existedline the fourth categoryof GB3096-93 standards,and leg7O/70Dba (day and night)should be adopted in the evaluation.If the second line causesan increaseof above 3Dba in the sensitivepoints near the existed, noise- reductionmeasures should be adopted.The noisestandards stipulated by GBJIII-88of the nationalenvironment letter No. (1999) 46 should be adoptedin the doubledetour and single detour areas of the new line. In the two sidesof line the standardsof 78/70dbfor outdoor of resident areasshould be adopted.The standardsof 60db(a)for daytimeshould be adopted S:\SEC\Project\CEO2169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page A-8 APPENDIX A - The World Bank Environmental Assessment Summary for the Proposed Baoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March 2001 for the evaluationof outdoorareas of school ( classrooms).Adjustment measures are necessaryand the relevant investmentbudget shouldbe suggested. 3. Water Environment Oil-leakagesedimentation tanks of obliqueblank and advectionare neededfor the dispositionof sewagewhich containsoil in the Baoji passengertrain removalsection. Re-utilizationof the disposedsewage in the Baoji passengertransportation area should be considered.Air-floating units are necessaryfor the dispositionof the sewage which containsoil in Tianshuisection, but non-dissolvingair-floating should be adopted. In the Longxi removalsection, after filtrated by coke, the sewagewhich containsoil can be emitted. Ordinarydisposition yard is necessaryfor Lanzhousection and oil-leakageby sedimentationand non-dissolvingair-floating should be adopted. 4. Environmentalprotection measures and investmentshould be listed one by one accordingto the administrationdistricts division of provincesand districtsand the categoriesof projectsfor the purposeof examinationand acceptance. The SpecialistTeam Li Bing Yan Jan. 28, 2000, Beijing S:\SEC\Projed\CE02169\R-Mar-HM.doc Page A-9 APPENDIXA - The WorldBank EnvironmentalAssessment Summary for the ProposedBaoji-Lanzhou Second Railway Line March2001 List of Expertsof PreliminaryMeeting of EIA of the ProposedSecond Line of Baoji-LanzhouLine of Lianyungang-LanzhouRailway (28 January,2000) Name"W Prlssoab title U'nit Si-neR Li Binguang Researcher(headman) AcousticsResearch Institute of the ChineseAcademy of Science Lailu Senior engineer EnvironmentalProtection Committee of the Chinese Railway Society Zhao Guangfu Seniorengineer AssessmentCenter of State EnvironmentalProtection Bureau Zhao Yuexia Seniorengineer AppraisalCenter of EngineeringDesign of MOR QianZhenyu Researcher North-WestBranch of ScientificResearch Institute of MOR ZhangQinling Seniorengineer Environmentand EngineeringDepartment of Xian ArchitecturalScientific and TechnologicalUniversity Zhu Laidong Senior engineer North-WestScientific Institute of Miningand Metallurgy Zhou Yiyi Senior engineer The FourthDesigning and SurveyingInstitute of MOR S:\SEC\Project\CE02169\R-Mar-HM .doc Page A-1 0