Index

growth and development, 28–34 Numerics physical examination, 96–97 30-30 isolation rule, 58 Animal Poison Control Center, 158 2004 USDA backyard study, 11 antibiotics deciding when to use, 228 for E. coli, 168 • A • for fowl pox, 174 for infectious coryza, 169 abdomens, 98–99, 119, 125, 143, 219–220 leg and foot issues, 121 accidents link between drugs and food- decreasing egg production, 139 producing animals, 226 fl ock-mate persecution or for mycoplasmosis, 169–170 cannibalism, 151–154 for respiratory illness, 106 housing and environmental dangers, antibodies, 27–28 161–164 antiseptics, 254–256 nutritional disorders, 154–156 APPPA (American Pastured poisoning, 156–161 Producers Association), 84 predators, 147–151 ascites, 201, 220 skinny , 136 aspergillosis, 198 stunted growth, 134 aspirin, 121, 307 sudden death, 141 Association of Avian Veterinarians, 211 vitamin and mineral defi ciencies, Auburn University Department of 155–156 Poultry Science, 18 adult birds, 58, 143–144, 240 avian encephalomyelitis (AE), advice, from experts, 17, 209–214 131–132, 172 AE (avian encephalomyelitis), avian infl uenza (AI), 103, 119, 131–132, 172 172–173, 280 AI (avian infl uenza), 103, 119, avian intestinal spirochetosis (AIS), 172–173, 280 166–167 air sacs, 22–23 avian leukosis virus (ALV), 177 AIS (avian intestinal spirochetosis), avian TB (tuberculosis), 53, 166–167, 281 166–167 avian veterinarians, 210–211 albendazole, 309 alcohols, 306 aldehydes, 306 • B • all-in, all-out systems, 59 ALV (avian leukosis virus), 177 backyard fl ocks, 9–18, 229–231. See also American AssociationCOPYRIGHTED of Veterinary biosecurity;MATERIAL fl ocks Laboratory Diagnosticians, 214 bacteria American Livestock Breeds diseases caused by, 54, 134, 136, Conservancy, 11 165–171 American Producers infections transmitted to people, Association (APPPA), 84 275–276 amino acids, 76–77 physical disinfectants, 66–67 amprolium, 309 signs of infection, 119, 139, 141 anatomy bandages, 126–127, 203, 257–258 body systems, 19–28 bantams, 10, 70, 81 eyes, 113–114 beaks, 95, 125, 250–251 bedbugs, 194

333_9781118444276-bindex.indd3_9781118444276-bindex.indd 311311 112/20/122/20/12 1:351:35 PMPM 312 Chicken Health For Dummies

bedding, 70–72 candidiasis, 199, 223, 307 behaviors candling, 124, 287 communication, 42–44 canker, 187 courtship, 45–46 cannibalism, 15, 38, 141, 151–154 daily routine, 36–40 caponization, 253 of fl ocks, 40–42 carbohydrates, nutritional needs, 77

overview, 35 carbon dioxide (CO2) chambers, 263, belly-button problems, 127–128, 141 267–270 biosecurity carcasses, disposal of, 224, 270–272 avian infl uenza, 173 carrier chickens, 52 commercial poultry farms, 54–55 carriers, for transporting birds, 58, 61 evaluating current efforts, 48–50 cataracts, 115–116 fowl pox, 174 catching chickens, 94–95 general discussion, 16 ceca, 25, 221 overview, 47 cecal droppings, 297 planning, 56–62 cecal worms, 184, 186, 309 prevention of disease, 228 CEO (chicken embryo origin) respiratory illness and, 103 vaccines, 230 spread of disease, 50–56 certifi cation tests, 213 biosecuritycenter.org, 104 cervical dislocation, 263–267 birds of prey, 149–150 chicken embryo origin (CEO) blackhead, 187 vaccines, 230 bleach, 67–68, 168, 306 chicken infectious anemia (CIA), 173 bleeding, stopping, 246, 248–249, 255 chicks , 153, 251–252 cervical dislocation, 265 blood circulation, 22–23 communication between siblings, 44 bloom, 30, 284–285 fi rst few weeks of development, 34 blunting spurs, 248–249 incubating eggs, 123–124 body conditions, examining, 96–97, 99 malformations, 125–126 bones, broken, 256–259 medicated starter feed, 299 boric acid, 307 nutritional needs, 78–79 botulism, 119, 157 problems with, 124–132 brain disorders, 118–120, 125, 131 sibling rivalry, 42 breast muscles, 96–97 space allowances, 70 breathing, 22–23, 96, 99 starve-outs, 163–164 breeders, nutritional needs of, 78–79 sudden death, 141–142 Brock, Todd, 37, 64 chiggers, 194 broilers, 10, 59, 78–79, 200–202 chilling processed chickens, 291 brooder pneumonia, 129–130, 198 chlorine, 129, 306–307 Building Chicken Coops For Dummies, choanas, 24 37, 64 choice feeding, 83–84 bumblefoot, 120, 202–203, 300 cholera, 103, 168–169 burial, 270–271 chromosomes, 32 bursae of Fabricius, 28, 222 chronic respiratory disease (CRD), 105, 169–170 CIA (chicken infectious anemia), 173 • C • circulatory systems, 22–23 cleaning and disinfecting (C&D) C&D. See cleaning and disinfecting commercial poultry farms, 55 cages, hospital, 259 diseases transmitted by cleaning calcium, 77–78, 155–156 coops, 278–280 calls, 43–44 disposing of disinfectants, 68–69 camphor, 193, 310 eggs, 284–286 campylobacteriosis, 275–276 isolation areas, 58

333_9781118444276-bindex.indd3_9781118444276-bindex.indd 312312 112/20/122/20/12 1:351:35 PMPM Index 313

overview, 63 poultry premises, 305–306 • D • before poultry show, 61 daily routines, 36–40 sanitizing meat processing area Dakin’s solution, 254–256, 307 between birds, 289–290 DE (diatomaceous earth), 193, 310 steps in, 63–68 death, 14–15, 133–134, 140–141, 201, cloacae, 25, 29–31, 45, 221–222 263–264 closed fl ocks, 13–15, 57, 228–229 , 253 CO2 (carbon dioxide) chambers, 263, decapitation, 263, 269–270 267–270 depopulating, 105, 167 coccidiosis developer diets, 78–79 oocysts, 186 development, 28–34 prevention and treatment, 181–183, deworming, 185–186, 303–304, 309 299, 308–309 diagnostic tests, 104, 108, 143–144, 185, signs of, 130, 134–135, 142 209–217 survival time, 53 diarrhea cockerels, 10, 29, 40 in adult birds, 106–109 colds, 53, 102–106, 169, 304 causes of, 166, 297–298 colibacillosis, 15, 167–168 home remedies, 307 combs, 22, 41, 253 infections transmitted to people, comfortable environments, 63, 69–74 275–276 commercial feed, 13, 56, 82–83, 153 pasty vents, 128–131 commercial fl ocks, 10, 54–55 diatomaceous earth (DE), 193, 310 communication, 42–44 digestive systems, 20, 23–25, 221–222 composting chicken carcasses, 271–272 disaster planning, 74 Composting For Dummies, 272 diseases. See also Marek’s disease conjunctivas, 114–115 avian encephalomyelitis, 131–132, 172 conjunctivitis, 114, 278, 307 avian infl uenza, 172–173 Cooperative Extension System, 212 avian intestinal spirochetosis, 166–167 coops avian TB, 53, 166–167, 281 Building Chicken Coops For Dummies, candidiasis, 199 37, 64 chicken infectious anemia, 173 comfortable environments, 69–70 colibacillosis, 15, 167–168 constructing, 64 fowl cholera, 103, 168–169 designing to prevent pecking, 152–153 fowl pox, 117, 173–175, 229–230, 307 lighting, 138 fowl typhoid, 171 perches, 39–40 fungal infections, 198–200 predator-proof, 150–151 immune system, 26–28 preventing lice and mites, 192 infectious bronchitis, 175 copper sulfate, 199, 307 infectious bursal disease, 175–176 corneas, 114–116 infectious coryza, 53, 102, 169 courtship, 45–46 infectious laryngotracheitis, 176–177, crazy chick disease, 131–132, 156 229–230 CRD (chronic respiratory disease), 105, lymphoid leukosis, 177 169–170 Marek’s disease, 177–179 Cromell, Cathy, 272 methods of spreading, 50–51 crop impaction, 204–205, 295–296 with multiple causes, 200–206 crops, 24, 76, 204–205, 222–223, 295–296 mycoplasmosis, 169–171 crowing, 43, 303 necrotic enteritis, 130, 171 crumbled feed, 82, 159 Newcastle disease, 179–180 cryptosporidiosis, 188 overview, 165, 197 culling, 105, 187 pullorum disease, 124, 171 cuticles, 30, 284–285

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diseases (continued) selling, 288 ringworm, 199–200 washing, 284–286 sourcing new birds, 15–16 egg-type chickens, 10 zoonotic, 275–282 electric fences, 151 disinfecting. See cleaning and embryos, 33–34 disinfecting emergency planning, 74 disposal of hazardous materials, 68–69, environmental dangers, 161–164 224, 233, 264, 270–272 EPA (Environmental Protection dizziness, 118–120 Agency), 68–69 documentation, 98–99, 228 Epsom salts, 120, 203, 307 droopy birds, 92–93 erysipeloid, 280–281 droppings, 106–109, 216–217, 297–298 Escherichia coli organisms (E. coli), drugs. See medications 167–168 dry cleaning, 65, 285 esophagi, 24–25, 221–223 dry ice, for euthanasia, 269–270 euthanasia, 261–264, 270–272 dual-purpose chickens, 10, 78 expert advice, 17, 209–214 dubbing, 253 exsanguination, 263, 269–270 ductus deferentes, 31 extension agents, 212–213 dustbathing, 37, 193, 310 extension.org, 213 extra-label drug use, 16, 226–227, 302 eyedrops, 235–236 • E • eyes, 21, 113–116, 125, 178, 307 E. coli (Escherichia coli organisms), eyeworms, 114, 184–185 167–168 earlobes, removing, 253 • F • ears, 21 eating, 13, 23–25, 38, 72–73 FARAD (Food Animal Residue egg discard times, 109 Avoidance Databank), 227 egg laying farmer’s lung, 279–280 daily routines, 36–37 fats, nutritional needs, 77 decreasing production, 111, 137–140 fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome, 15, determining factors, 28–29 143, 154, 220 fi ndings of physical examinations, 99 favus, 199, 278 hen’s role, 29–30 FDA (U.S. Food and Drug molting patterns and, 22 Administration), 227 nutritional needs, 78–79 , 38, 81, 117, 152 reproductive process after mating, 32 feathers rooster’s role, 31, 41 general discussion, 20–22 space allowances, 70 loss of, 116–117, 296 withdrawal times, 227 physical examination, 97, 99 egg peritonitis, 119, 143, 168, 220, 307 preening and dustbathing, 37 egg-binding, 109–111 trimming wings, 244–245 egg-eating hens, 304 fecal-oral route, 276 eggs feed abnormal, 37, 111–113, 175 for different life stages, 13, 135 avian intestinal spirochetosis, 166–167 egg production and, 139 biosecurity, 51–52 feeding programs, 82–85 food safety, 283–288 fi ndings of physical examinations, 99 growth and development, 33–34 for good health and production, 13 incubation, 123–124 homemade, 85 inspecting and storing, 286–288 infectious organisms and, 54–56 managing layers and nests, 283–284 insects and worms, 300 from medicated hens, 299 keeping fresh, 85–86

333_9781118444276-bindex.indd3_9781118444276-bindex.indd 314314 112/20/122/20/12 1:351:35 PMPM Index 315

mold toxins, 159 nutritional disorders, 154–156 • G • nutritional needs, 75–79 gall bladders, 220 overview, 75 gamefowl, 10 restricting, 201–202 gapeworms, 129–130, 185–186, 223, 309 for sick or injured chickens, 259–260 garlic juice, 193, 310 starve-outs, 163–164 gas treating sour crop and crop cylinders for CO2 chambers, 268 impaction, 204–205 toxic, 159–160 types of, 80–82 gizzards, 24–25, 80, 221–222 weather and, 72–73 gout, 205–206 feeding programs, 80–85 grooming, 243–252 feet, 97–99, 120–121, 202–203, 300 grower diets, 13, 78–79 Felch, I. K., 85 growing birds, 78–79, 129–132, 142, fenbendazole, 309 175–176 fences, electric, 151 growth, 28–34, 78, 134–135, 201–202 fertility, 28–29, 32, 52, 57 fi nisher diets, 13, 78–79 fi rst aid, 243, 253–260 • H • fi tness, 15–18 fl eas, 194–195 hardware disease, 161–164 fl ight, features of skeletal system, hatchlings, problems with, 124–129 25–26 heads, examinations of, 95–96, 99, fl ocks. See also biosecurity 222–223 closed, 13–15, 57, 228–229 health problems, 13–15, 295–300 commercial, 10, 54–55 hearing, 21 free-range, 12–13, 38, 71 hearts, 23, 221 inspecting, 89–98 heat lamps, 73, 142, 160, 163–164 pecking order, 41–42 heat stress, 162–163 role of rooster in, 40–41 hens sibling rivalry, 42 cervical dislocation, 265–266 vaccinations for small fl ocks, clucking, 43 229–231 egg-eating, 304 fl oor-laying, 36–37, 152 eggs from medicated, 299 fl y repellent ointment, 174, 310 general discussion, 10 food, fi nding, 38 lower-status, 39 Food Animal Residue Avoidance managing layers and nests, 283–284 Databank (FARAD), 227 medications for layers, 302 food safety, 225–227, 283–292 nutritional needs, 78–79 foods, toxic, 160–161 outside parts, 20 fowl cholera, 103, 168–169 reproduction, 29, 221–222 fowl pox, 117, 173–175, 229–230, 307 roosters and, 40–41 fowl typhoid (FT), 171 roosting behaviors, 39 fractures, 256–259 space allowances, 70 free-choice diets, 83 heritage breed chickens, 11, 28 free-range fl ocks, 12–13, 38, 71 histomoniasis, 187 freezing histoplasmosis, 278–279 eggs, 287 holding chickens, 94–95 meat, 292 home remedies, 306–308 frostbite, 73, 161–162 home-mixed diets, 83 FT (fowl typhoid), 171 hospital pens, 105, 108, 110, 259 fungus, 159, 198–200, 278–279 housing, 152–153, 161–164 hypothermia, 141

333_9781118444276-bindex.indd3_9781118444276-bindex.indd 315315 112/20/122/20/12 1:351:35 PMPM 316 Chicken Health For Dummies

• I • • J • IB (infectious bronchitis), 102, 175 joints, postmortem examination, 223–224 IBD (infectious bursal disease), 53, 130, 175–176, 222 icons, explained, 6 • K • illnesses kaolin clay, 310 fi rst aid, 254 keels, 22, 96–97, 241 general discussion, 13–15 keratin, 21 masking behavior, 91 kidneys, 25, 205–206, 221 measuring performance of sick birds, 91–92 overview, 133–134 • L • signs of, 92–93, 134–144 ILT (infectious laryngotracheitis), laboratories, 143–144, 214–216 176–177, 229–230 laxatives, 120, 307 IM (intramuscular) injections, 240–241 layer diets, 13, 78–79, 153, 155 immune systems, 26–28 lead poisoning, 158 incubation, 33–34, 123–124, 127 legs infectious bronchitis (IB), 102, 175 illnesses of, 201 infectious bursal disease (IBD), 53, 130, physical examination, 97–99 175–176, 222 postmortem examination, 223 infectious coryza, 53, 102, 169 scaly leg mites, 188, 191–192 infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT), spraddled, 126–127 176–177, 229–230 treating fractures, 257, 259 infectious organisms, 53–56, 66–67 troubleshooting issues, 120–121 infl uenza, avian, 103, 119, 172–173, 280 lice, 188–189, 192–193, 277, 299, 310 infundibula, 29–30 light injections, 233, 236–241, 263–264 artifi cial, 138 injuries, 120–121, 254–259, 307 caring for sick or injured insects chickens, 259 control, 54–55, 117, 158, 187, 229–230 hours of daylight, 138 feeding to chickens, 300 preventing suffocation, 164 instestinal parasites, 309 scare tactics for birds of prey, 150 integrated pest management (IPM), 187 UV, 65, 67 internal organs, 178, 219–222 limberneck, 157 intestines, 125, 221–222 limping, 120 intramuscular (IM) injections, 240–241 List of Allowed and Prohibited iodine, 174–175, 200, 306, 307 Substances, NOP (National IPM (integrated pest management), 187 Organic Program), 84–85 irises, 115 litter, 70–71 isolation livers, postmortem examination, leg and foot issues, 121 219–220 lice and mites, 192 Ludlow, Rob, 1, 37, 64, 75, 288 new birds, 58–59 lumps, 116–117, 295–296 persecuted birds, 154 lungs, postmortem examination, 222 after poultry show, 62 lymphoid leukosis, 177 sick or injured chickens, 105, 120, 179, 204, 259 • M • skinny chickens, 136 isthmuses, 29–30 magnums, 29–30 ivermectin, 193, 309–310 malformations, 125–126, 251

333_9781118444276-bindex.indd3_9781118444276-bindex.indd 316316 112/20/122/20/12 1:351:35 PMPM Index 317

Marek’s disease treating persecuted birds, 153–154 general discussion, 177–179 vaccinations, 303–304 growing birds, 131–132 wing web stabs, 236–238 new birds and, 51 medullary bones, 25 signs of, 115–117, 119, 121 MG (Mycoplasma gallisepticum), survival time, 53 169–171 vaccinations, 229–230, 239 minerals, nutritional requirements, mash, 81, 86, 153 77–78, 155–156 masking behavior, 91 Mississippi State University mating, 31–33, 45–46 Department of Poultry Science, 18 meat processing, 288–292 mites meat-type chickens, 10, 70, 79, 142, northern fowl, 190 200–202 overview, 189, 299 medications. See also vaccinations roost, 191 administering, 231–232 scaly leg, 191–192 antibiotics, 228 transmitted to people, 277 for backyard fl ocks, 16–17 treating and preventing, 192–193, 310 banned from use in food animals, mold, 86, 159, 198–200 226–227 molting, 21–22, 34, 116, 137, 296 for bumblefoot, 203 mouths, 24 choosing, 104 muscles, 26, 240–241 for coccidiosis, 182–183 Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), 169–171 deworming, 303–304 mycoplasmosis, 53, 102–103, 169–171 for diarrhea, 108–109 mycotoxins, 159 in drinking water, 233–234 for E. coli, 168 eating eggs from medicated hens, 299 • N • euthanasia, 263–264 National Animal Health Laboratory eyedrops, 235–236 Network, 214 for fowl pox, 174–175 National Gardening Association, 272 for frostbite, 162 National Organic Program (NOP), home remedies, 306–308 84–85, 232 for infectious coryza, 169 National Poultry Improvement Plan intramuscular, 240–241 (NPIP), 124, 171, 213 for laying hens, 302 National Research Council, 83 leg and foot issues, 121 natural disasters, 74 link between drugs and food- natural remedies, 302–303 producing animals, 225–227 necks for Marek’s disease, 178–179 cervical dislocation, 263–267 medicated feeds, 79–80 crooked, 125 for mycoplasmosis, 169–170 lumps on, 295–296 natural remedies, 302–303 postmortem examination, 222–223 not labeled for use in chickens, 302 necrotic enteritis (NE), 130, 171 oral, 234 neem oil, 193, 310 for organic chickens, 232 nervous system issues, 118–120, overview, 225 131–132, 178, 223–224 parasite treatments, 308–310 nesting, 36–37, 43, 283–284 for parasitic worms, 186 netting, 149, 151 precautions, 93 neutering, 253 for respiratory illness, 106 new birds, 15–16, 51–59, 164, 301 for ringworm, 200 Newcastle disease, 53, 102, 119, starter feed, 299 179–180, 277–278 subcutaneous, 238–240 nictitating membranes, 21 toxicity, 119

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nighttime behaviors, 39–40, 94, 149 pneumatic bones, 25 NOP (National Organic Program), pneumonia, brooder, 129–130, 198 84–85, 232 pododermatitis, 202–203 North Carolina State University poisoning, 69, 156–161 Department of Poultry Science, 18 polytetrafl uoroethylene (PTFE), northern fowl mites, 188, 190, 193 159–160 NPIP (National Poultry Improvement postmortem examinations, 108, Plan), 124, 171, 213 143–144, 215–216, 218–224 nutrients, 76–79 poultry nutritionists, 213 nutritional disorders, 154–155 poultry science departments, 18, 213 nutritional needs, 75–79, 86, 125–126, 153 poultry veterinarians, 212 Nutritional Requirements of Poultry, 83 pox, fowl, 114, 117, 173–175, 229–230 nutritionists, 213 predators, 14–15, 44, 147–151, 255, 297 preen glands, 21, 37, 256 preening, 37 • O • processing meat, 288–292 obesity, 154–155 protein, nutritional needs, 76–79, 153 omphalitis, 128, 141 proventriculi, 24, 221–222 oocysts, coccidial, 182–183, 186 PTFE (polytetrafl uoroethylene), 159–160 organic chickens, 84–85, 232 pullets, 10, 28, 79 organisms, infectious, 53–56, 66–67 pullorum disease (PD), 124, 171 outdoor runs, 70–71 pupils, 115 ovaries, 221–222 pyrethrin, 193, 310 oviducts, 29, 109 • Q • • P • quaternary ammonium, 306 paralysis, 118–119, 157 parasites • R • collecting specimens for identifi cation, 216–217 Raising Chickens For Dummies, 1, 75, 288 external, 188–195, 310 record-keeping, 98–99, 228 internal, 181–188, 309 refrigeration guidelines, 286–287, 291–292 signs of, 134–137, 139, 141 reproductive organs, 29–31, 221–222 treatments for, 58–59, 308–310 respiratory illnesses parrot fever, 281 colds, 53, 102–106, 169, 304 pasture, 84, 161, 187 CRD (chronic respiratory disease), pasty vents, 128–129 105, 169–170 PD (pullorum disease), 124, 171 growing birds, 129–130 pecking orders, 39, 41–42, 80–81, 152, ILT (infectious laryngotracheitis), 154–155 176–177, 229–230 peepers, 153, 251–252 mycoplasmosis, 169–171 pelleted feed, 81–82, 159 Newcastle disease, 179–180 perches, 39–40, 202 postmortem examination, 223 performance, of sick birds, 91–92 respiratory systems, 22–23, 96–97 peritonitis, egg, 119, 143, 168, 220, 307 ringworm, 199–200, 278 permethrin, 193, 310 rodent control, 54–55, 86 persecution behaviors, 151–152 roost mites, 188, 191, 193 pesticides, 119, 193 roosters petroleum jelly, 193, 310 calls, 43–44 phenolics, 306 cervical dislocation, 266–267 physical examinations, 93–98 decrowing, 303 piperazine, 309 egg laying and, 28–29 plants, toxic, 119, 160–161 general discussion, 10

333_9781118444276-bindex.indd3_9781118444276-bindex.indd 318318 112/20/122/20/12 1:351:35 PMPM Index 319

grooming, 246–249 spirochetes, 166 neutering, 253 spleens, 220 outside parts, 20 spraddled legs, 126–127 ratio of hens to, 40 spurs, 22, 247–249 reproductive organs, 221–222 SQ (subcutaneous) injections, 238–240 role in fl ock, 40 starter diets, 13, 78–79, 163–164, 182, 299 roosting, 39–40, 284 starve-outs, 163–164 roundworms, 130, 134–135, 185–186, 309 state veterinarians, 213–214 roup, 53, 102, 169 sticktight fl eas, 194–195 routines, daily, 36–40 stomachs, 24–25, 222 runs, outdoor, 70–71 stress effect on carrier chicken, 52 effect on meat, 289 • S • egg production and, 139, 296 safety, of backyard fl ocks, 12–13 feed and, 82 Salmonella bacteria, 54, 275–276 heat, 162–163 sanitizing solutions, 289–290, 305–306 home remedies, 307 scabby skin, 116–117 lower-status birds, 41–42 scaly leg mites, 188, 191–192, 193, 310 show chickens, 61 scare tactics, for birds of prey, 149–150 stunted growth, 134–135 sciatic nerves, postmortem subcutaneous (SQ) injections, 238–240 examination, 223–224 sudden death, 133–134, 140–144, 201 science departments, poultry, 18, 213 suffocation, 164 sex determination, 32 sulfadimethoxine, 309 sexual maturity, 28–29 sulfamethazine, 309 shell glands, 29–30 sulfur, 193, 310 shells, abnormal, 111–113, 296 surgeries, 253, 303 show chickens, 60–62, 177, 229–230 swelling, of legs or feet, 120 shower in-shower out procedures, 55 syrinxes, 23 siblings, 42, 44 sickly chickens, 135–137 • T • skeletal systems, 20, 25–26 skin table scraps, 160 fungus, 159, 198–200 tape prep, 216 general discussion, 21 tapeworms, 185–186, 309 irritations caused by chicken- TB (tuberculosis), avian, 53, 166–167 transmitted diseases, 277–278 TCO (tissue culture origin) Marek’s disease, 178 vaccines, 230 physical examination, 97, 99 temperatures, for housing chickens, subcutaneous injections, 238–240 69, 71–73, 141–142, 161–164 troubleshooting problems, 116–117 testicles, 31, 221–222, 253 wounds, 297, 307 tetracycline medications, 109 skinny chickens, 135–137 Texas A&M University Poultry Science slaughtering Department, 18 euthanasia, 261–264, 270–272 30-30 isolation rule, 58 safely processing chickens, 288–292 threadworms, 130, 185–186, 309 sleeping, 39–40 thrush, 199, 307 small fl ocks, vaccinations for, 229–231 thymuses, 28 sneezing, 102–106 ticks, 194–195 social orders, 40–42 tissue culture origin (TCO) vaccines, 230 soft-shelled eggs, 296 toenail trimming, 246–247 sour crop, 204 toes, 22, 125, 257 space allowances, 69–70, 72, 152–153 tonic immobility, 38 sperm, 31–32, 45 torticollis, 118–119

333_9781118444276-bindex.indd3_9781118444276-bindex.indd 319319 112/20/122/20/12 1:351:35 PMPM 320 Chicken Health For Dummies

toxins, 118–120, 156–161, 307 vaginas, 29–30 toxoplasmosis, 188 vegetarian diets, 77 tracheas, postmortem examination, ventilation, 73, 142 222–223 ventriculi, 24 trichomoniasis, 187 vents troubleshooting dirty, 106–107 abnormal eggs, 111–113 general discussion, 25 brain disorders and nervous system pasty, 128–129 issues, 118–120 pecking, 152 colds, 102–106 physical examination, 98–99 diarrhea, 106–109 picking, 15 egg-binding, 109–111 prolapse, 15, 108–111 eye problems, 113–116 veterinarians, 143–144, 210–216, 227, 264 leg and foot issues, 120–121 vinegar, 108–109, 199, 204–206, 307–309 overview, 101 violence, 151–154 skin problems and feather loss, viruses, 66–67, 139, 172–180 116–117 vision, 21, 113–116 vent prolapse, 109–111 vitamins, 78, 131–132, 155–156, 307 tuberculosis (TB), avian, 53, 166–167, 281 tumors, 119, 143, 177, 178 • W • water • U • chlorinated, 67, 129 cleaning with, 65 uncapping spurs, 247–249 egg production and, 139 University of Arkansas Department of nutritional needs, 76 Poultry Science, 18 vaccinations, 233–234 University of Georgia Department of weather and, 72–73 Poultry Science, 18 wattles, 22, 253 urinary systems, 20, 29–31, 205–206 weather, 71–74 U.S. Food and Drug Administration whole grains, 80 (FDA), 227 wild birds, 95, 187, 192 USDA Agricultural Marketing Service, Willis, Kimberly, 1, 75, 288 84–85 wing web stabs, 236–238 USDA backyard chicken study, 2004, 11 wings, 97–99, 244–245, 257–258 USDA Egg-Grading Manual, 287 wire fencing, 150–151 UV (ultraviolet) light, 65, 67 worms feeding to chickens, 300 parasitic, 184–187, 302, 303–304, 309 • V • wounds, treating, 255–256, 297, 307 vaccinations. See also medications administering, 231–241 • Y • for backyard chickens, 229–231 for coccidiosis, 182 yeasts, 198–200 deciding when to use, 16–17, 228–229 yolks, abnormal, 113 diagnostic tests and, 104 for fowl pox, 174 for Marek’s disease, 178–179 • Z • for organic chickens, 232 Zook, David, 37, 64 tips for successful, 231–232 zoonotic diseases, 275–282

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