Weekly Update Human Rights in Indonesia – 27-10-2014

10. Energy and Mineral Resources Minister Sudirman Said (PT Pindad president/former PT New cabinet Pertamina executive) The Jakarta Post, 27-10-2014 11. Industry Minister Saleh Husin (Hanura Party politician)

After taking the oath of office on Oct. 20, Joko "Jokowi" Widodo announced on Sunday his 12. Trade Minister Rahmat Gobel (businessman) Cabinet lineup after delaying the announcement on Wednesday night, which prompted speculation that he was wrangling with leaders of political parties in his coalition who 13. Environment and Forestry Minister Siti Nurbaya (NasDem politician/former civil were insisting on nominating problematic candidates. servant)

14. Agriculture Minister Amran Sulaiman (Hasanuddin University lecturer) Jokowi’s Working Cabinet 2014-2019: 1. Coordinating Political, Legal and Security Affairs Minister Tedjo Edhy Purdijatno (former 15. Agrarian and Spatial Planning Minister Ferry Musyidan Baldan (NasDem Party Navy chief of staff 2008-2009/NasDem Party top executive) politician)

2. Coordinating Economic Minister Sofyan Djalil (former state-owned enterprises minister) 16. Transportation Minister Ignasius Jonan (PT Kereta Api Indonesia president)

3. Coordinating Maritime Affairs Minister Indroyono Susilo (an executive with the Food 17. Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Minister Susi Pudjiastuti (owner of airline operator Susi and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Air)

4. Coordinating Human Development and Culture Minister Puan Maharani (legislator/PDI- 18. Manpower Minister Hanif Dhakiri (PKB politician) P top executive) 19. Public Works and Public Housing Minister Basuki Hadimuljono (Public Works Ministry 5. Home Minister Tjahjo Kumolo (legislator/PDI-P top executive) top official)

6. Foreign Minister Retno Lestari Priansari Marsudi (Indonesian ambassador to the 20. Health Minister Nila Moeloek (Indonesian representatives for MDGs) Netherlands) 21. Culture and Elementary and Secondary Education Minister Anies Baswedan 7. Defense Minister Ryamizard Ryacudu (former Army chief of staff 2002-2004) (Paramadina University rector).

8. Law and Human Rights Minister Yasona H. Laoly (legislator/PDI-P politician) 22. Social Affairs Minister Khofifah Indra Parawansa (former women’s empowerment minister). 9. Finance Minister Bambang Brodjonegoro (deputy finance minister)

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Weekly Update Human Rights in Indonesia – 27-10-2014

23. Religious Affairs Minister Lukman Hakim Saifuddin (current religious affairs minister) Backgrounds can be found on http://thejakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/news/indonesias- new-ministers/ 24. Communications and Information Minister Rudiantara (PT Indosat commissioner, former top executives for PT Semen Indonesia, PT PLN, PT XL Axiata) Kontras: Ryamizard Appointment Shows Jokowi ‘Negligent’ on 25. State Secretary Pratikno (Gadjah Mada University rector) Human Rights The Jakarta Globe, 27-10-2014 26. Research and Technology and Higher Education Minister M. Nasir (Diponegoro University rector) The Commission for Missing Persons and Victims of Violence (Kontras) says the appointment of a controversial former general to the new cabinet shows President Joko 27. Women’s Empowerment and Child Protection Minister Yohana Susana Yembise Widodo is “negligent” towards human rights issues. (Cendrawasih University lecturer) The prominent human rights group has struck out at Joko’s decision to name Gen. (ret.) 28. Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform Minister Yuddy Chrisnandi (Hanura Party Ryamizard Ryacudu the country’s defense minister, saying his involvement in operations politician) against the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) and the Free Papua Organization (OPM) made 29. Villages, Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration Minister Marwan Jafar (PKB him unsuitable for the role. politician) “Ryamizard’s appointment shows that our president is negligent towards human rights 30. National Development Planning Minister/National Development Planning Board and the defense sector,” Kontras coordinator Haris Azhar said on Sunday evening. (Bappenas) chief Andrinof Chaniago (University of Indonesia lecturer) The retired general was one of 34 ministers announced in Indonesia’s new cabinet at the 31. State-Owned Enterprises Minister Rini Soemarno (former trade minister 2001- State Palace on Sunday. 2004/former PT Astra International president) Ryamizard was Army chief of staff between 2002 and 2005 and chief of the Army’s 32. Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises Minister AAGN Puspayoga (PDI-P strategic command (Kostrad) between 2000 and 2002. He has been singled out by Kontras politician) for his role overseeing operations in Aceh and Papua.

33. Tourism Minister Arief Yahya (PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia president director) Haris said that Ryamizard’s “sins” included his leadership role during the implementation of martial law by the Indonesian Armed Forces (TNI) in Aceh following the collapse of 34. Youth and Sports Minister Imam Nahrawi (PKB politician). peace talks in 2003. A report by Human Rights Watch published in 2003 voiced concern about serious abuses of international human rights and humanitarian law committed by both the TNI and GAM forces during the period.

Weekly Update Human Rights in Indonesia – 27-10-2014

Haris also raised concerns about Ryamizard’s attitude towards leading Papuan Mrs Retno Marsudi Is the First Female Foreign Minister independence figure, Theys Hiyo Eluay, the late chief of the Papua Presidium Council. “In Papua, he once said that whoever killed Theys was a hero,” Haris said. Theys was The Jakarta Globe, 27-10-2014 murdered by seven soldiers from the Army’s Special Forces unit Kopassus in 2001. Indonesia has a female foreign minister, a first in the country’s history, following the Ryamizard, meanwhile, rejected that he had ever been involved in alleged human rights appointment of veteran diplomat Retno Lestari Priansari Marsudi to the post on Sunday. abuses when confronted by reporters at the State Palace on Sunday. “Go ask the Retno was Indonesian ambassador to the Netherlands before being recalled by President journalists who went to Papua, Aceh, ask about it,” Ryamizard said. He said human rights Joko Widodo as he began shaping his cabinet. She has nearly three decades of experience activists and journalists should know he was always “clean” during his 35 years serving in in the Foreign Ministry and she is also among the few female ambassadors in the nation’s the TNI. male-dominated diplomatic service.

Another cabinet appointment with a military background, Tedjo Edhy Purdjianto — a “Indonesia has so much to offer the world and we should gain a lot from our international former Navy chief of staff who is now coordinating minister for political, legal and security relations,” Retno, 52, told the Jakarta Globe in Amsterdam recently. “We must work hard affairs — has been given the green light by Kontras. to maintain and continue to boost our global standing.” Retno, who was named as one of the nation’s 99 most powerful women by Globe Asia, is married to architect Agus Marsudi, Komnas HAM on new ministers and they have two children together. She has a bachelor’s degree from Gadjah Mada University in Yogyakarta and a master’s degree in law from the Hague University of Kompas, 26-10-2014 Applied Sciences. She became Indonesia’s ambassador to Norway and Iceland when she was 42 years old and served as the Foreign Affairs Ministry’s director general for the Member of the National Human Rights Commission Komnas HAM, Otto Syamsudin, has Americas and Europe before being assigned as ambassador to the Netherlands in 2012. underlined the point by KontraS in saying the retired general Wiranto is also allegedly responsible for human rights violations during the Emergency Situation (DOM) in Aceh. Known as a Foreign Ministry sweetheart by her colleagues, Retno hails from the same Moreover he is thought to be involved in the human rights violations in May 1998 and in batch of diplomats as Marty Natalegawa, the previous minister. Retno is seen by many as Timor Leste (1999). Mr Otto Syamsudin added that the Komnas HAM has not yet fully the most appropriate choice to replace Marty, who is considered highly successful as investigated the alleged violations in Aceh with regard to retired general Ryamizard who foreign minister in the administration of former president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. was Chief of Staff of the Army in 2003. However, he stressed that the Komnas HAM is “She is tough and has very strong character,” says Bantarto Bandoro, an international planning to open up the case of the violations in Aceh. “The difficulty is that the period relations expert at the Indonesian Defense University. “I believe she can carry the torch ranged from 1989 till 2005,” he said. from Marty, and, most importantly, that she can realize Jokowi’s idea of making diplomacy economically — beside politically — beneficial to the nation.”

Retno’s signature success as a diplomat was to bring relations between Indonesia and the Netherlands back to one of their highest points after Yudhoyono canceled a trip there in

Weekly Update Human Rights in Indonesia – 27-10-2014

2010 over fears that he could be arrested for alleged human rights abuses. Relations The move is likely to prove popular with the public in the world's third-largest democracy, between the two countries then plunged. but it also threatens to undermine a political coalition that already looks weak because it does not have a majority in parliament. A news conference at which the former Jakarta However, Retno managed to convince the Dutch government to restore ties with governor was expected to unveil his cabinet at the capital city's main port was canceled at Indonesia and restate this country’s economic and geopolitical importance to the the last minute late on Wednesday. Vice President Jusuf Kalla said later that he believed Netherlands, peaking with the visit of Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte to Jakarta just last the cabinet would be named this week. "The KPK (Corruption Eradication Commission) year. “Indonesia and the Netherlands must have equal relations. Each of us must benefit notes and recommendations are being taken very seriously," Kalla told MetroTV in an from cooperation,” Retno said at the time. interview. "Since the (election) campaign, Jokowi has promised that this cabinet has to be clean." [In 2005 Mrs Retno Marsudi was a member of the special investigating team (TPF) that investigated the murder of human rights activist Munir. At the time she worked as the Earlier in the day, Widodo had declined to identify which candidates the anti-graft agency 1 Head of the Europe Department of the Foreign Ministry . The report of the TPF has never had flagged as problematic. "Yesterday, we were told by (the anti-graft agency) ... there been made public.] were eight names that weren't allowed," the 53-year-old told reporters at his first news conference as leader of Southeast Asia's largest economy. "Of course we have to change. Graft related investigations If we don't, who will fill the posts?" Widodo had originally planned to announce his cabinet of 33 ministers on Tuesday. He has said his team would be made up of 18 Reuters 22-10-2-14 technocrats and 15 political appointees. "Everyone wants us to work quickly but what (Reuters) - Indonesian President Joko Widodo failed to finalize his cabinet on Wednesday happens if we are mistaken? We need to be quick, but also correct," Widodo said. after the country's anti-corruption agency rejected eight candidates, underlining the All eyes are on Widodo's choices for the main economic ministries. They will inherit challenge he faces in fulfilling election promises of a government free from graft. problems ranging from a widening current account deficit and cooling investment to the The first Indonesian leader from outside the political or military elite has tried to steer slowest growth since 2009. "The market hopes that ministries related to capital markets, clear of the traditional trading of cabinet posts for political support, aiming for a like the finance ministry and state-owned enterprises ministry, will be run by technocrats," ministerial team dominated by professional technocrats. Sworn in on Monday amid hopes said Harry Su, head of research at Bahana Securities. of a new direction in politics, Widodo, commonly known as Jokowi, took the In an early indication of his determination to make bold reforms, Widodo is expected to unprecedented step of submitting his list of ministerial candidates to anti-corruption hike subsidized fuel prices by about a half by early November, a move that would save the agencies for vetting before announcing the team. government nearly $13 billion in 2015. That will test his popular support, which has been boosted by campaign promises to clean up politics in a country where people have been jaded by generations of graft.

1 http://www.suaramerdeka.com/harian/0505/19/nas01.htm

Weekly Update Human Rights in Indonesia – 27-10-2014

While the government does not need approval from a hostile parliament to raise fuel Wajah Suriani (49), living at Blok G RT 019 RW 017, Penjaringan, North Jakarta shows a prices, further reforms will depend partly on how well Widodo handles the opposition led stubborn face towards the officials that measure his house, last Monday (13/10). The by Prabowo Subianto, whom he narrowly beat in a disputed election. house is 5 meter x 10 meter , where he lives since 2003, will soon be demolished to make space for a road for the inspection of the Pluit Water Basin. “You just take it, I have no One Widodo adviser, speaking on condition of anonymity, said that the decision to refer right to keep it, for, of course, the land is state property. I only hope I can live somewhere ministerial candidates to the KPK was a way of avoiding confrontation. "If it's hard to say else,” says Suriani to the police and the local subdistrict officials. no (to political parties), just give it to KPK," the adviser said. Alwi (34), a community leader of the are at the north side of the Water Basin, tries to ease Widodo also faces pressure from his own coalition to stick to promises of cabinet jobs, him. “be calm, friend, the government has promised to make a flat available. They will not despite the findings of the anti-graft agency. "At this time, officially our position is that we tear down your house immediately. They will let you know. Have patience.” are still in Jokowi's coalition," said a senior official with the National Awakening Party, the second biggest party in his coalition. The Jakarta City Government is planning to build a road alongside the Water Basin Pluit. The track that is now 3 meter wide will become 7 meter, and it will be lifted by 0.8 meter. "We are having an internal discussion about whether or not we will put forward another And the current inhabitants will be relocated to flats. For Alwi and Suriani, housing is a (party) member for the cabinet in case the chairman of our party (Muhaimin Iskandar) primary need that has never been fulfilled. However working hard for many years, their does not get a cabinet seat." It was not clear whether Iskandar was one of the eight income was never sufficient to buy a house. Even the prices of housing rose much quicker candidates rejected by the KPK. than their income. ”If the people are not able to buy a house, is it their fault that they live here? If it is our fault that we live on state-owned land, how is that for the big project Social-economic Rights developers that build without a permit? The government has to be just,”says Alwi. A university expert on land issues from Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), Nurhasan Ismail, Claiming the right to housing thinks there is very much legislation that guarantees the right to housing (hak atas papan) Kompas, 21-10-2014 for everyone. Regrettably, these do not guarantee that the availability on the ground of housing is sufficient. The poor are often considered illegal dwellers. In the line with the A load of legal regulations exists that give the government the duty to guarantee the plans of central and local governments to draw poor people out of poverty, much of this is availability of a roof over one’s head, including for those with a low income. However, more wishful thinking than concrete change on the ground. instead of having a guarantee, the poor have to struggle for it in a free market context. They are often driven to small illegal dwellings. But they claim their right to housing (hak Since last year there is a shortage of housing for 15 million families. Analysis shows that bermukim). each year there should be realized 800,000 houses, but what is realized is only 200.000 houses. According to Budi Prayitno, the Head of the Centre for Analysis and Policy on Housing (Kepala Pusat Kajian Kebijakan Perumahan dan Permukiman Rakyat) UGM, the

Weekly Update Human Rights in Indonesia – 27-10-2014 government does not consider housing a priority in its budget. But housing is a basic right The eight regencies are Bima, Central Lombok, Dompu, East Lombok, North Lombok, comparable to the right to food and clothing. The government does not fulfil its duties. Sumbawa, West Lombok, and West Sumbawa, while the two municipalities are Mataram Since the 1970s the New Order Regime did establish the People’s Saving Bank and the and Bima. The agency said malnutrition affected 645 children last year, 32 of whom died. Housing Agency (resp. Bank Tabungan Negara, Perumnas) and other institutions active on Ismed said inadequate diets and a lack of nutrition were the main factors behind people’s housing needs, but there has not been much progress since, he said. malnutrition. “Not all malnourished children come from poor families, however,” he added. Ismed went on to say that of the total 438 malnutrition cases, 40 were not The governmental regulations following from the law on housing (Undang-Undang primarily due to nutritional intake but to birth defects and illnesses, such as tuberculosis, Perumahan dan Permukiman), that should be the basis for social housing projects and heart disorders, chronic respiratory infections and hydrocephalus. “Almost all the building, is not operational soon. The draft law on funding housing projects that is malnourished children who died also suffered from these conditions,” he said. expected to overcome the funding problems, is not working either. To reduce the incidence of malnutrition in the province, Ismed said, the NTB Health The head of the coordinating unit for people’s social protection and housing from the Agency had introduced a range of initiatives, such as informing families about adequate Ministry of Welfare, Chazali Situmorang, says there are at least nine regulations that have diets for children among local communities, restoring integrated health services posts not yet been legalized, among them the draft law on land issues, funding of housing and (Posyandu) and providing milk substitutes to families with children under the age of 5. urban development. Ismed said such preventive measures were crucial as there may be more malnutrition Hundreds of children suffering malnutrition in NTB, 20 die cases in the province through December due to the dry season, which he said may well be longer than usual because of climate change. The Jakarta Post, 27-10-2014

A long dry spell this year will likely increase the number of children suffering malnutrition, Greenpeace Indonesia hands over green petition to Jokowi cases of which have continued to rise in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) province, an official The Jakarta Post, 27-10-2014 has said. Environment group Greenpeace Indonesia said it had handed over a green petition signed M. Ismed Nuramadhani from the information and documentation management unit at the by 113,595 people to President Joko “Jokowi” Widodo during a peaceful rally in front of NTB Health Agency said that according to the agency’s data, 438 under-5s in the province the State Palace, Central Jakarta, on Monday. Greenpeace members gave Jokowi the were suffering from malnutrition as of July. Of that figure, 20 children later died in petition, entitled “100% Indonesia Green Peaceful”, together with a so-called Green hospital. Ismed said the number of malnutrition cases in NTB was liable to increase as the Package, a document laying out the most critical environmental issues in the country agency had not yet verified the malnutrition data provided by health agencies in the collected through a survey. Greenpeace Indonesia chairman Longgena Ginting said the province's eight regencies and two municipalities. “We have verified the malnutrition data group aimed to give a gentle push to President Jokowi and his new ministers to be 100 as of July, but the final figure might be higher because we still have to verify the data from percent committed to protecting the environment. August, September and October,” Ismed said Monday.