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PS/6772 It Should Be Noted Here That If, for Any Reason, This Feedback

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PS/6772 It Should Be Noted Here That If, for Any Reason, This Feedback 14 ins-SI/Note MAE/68~5 5.10.1968 K66 KICKLJ PROJECT C. Carter Introduction This note describes the supplies and associated equipment used to power the FK66 Kicker Magnet. A pulse forming network consisting of two low loss 16 coaxial cables in parallel is charged from a H.V. power supply. At the desired maximum voltage the stored energy in the cables is switched into the magnet which is also matched by a triggered spark gap. As the magnet is a balanced four terminal network? both positive and negative supplies are needed, as are the associated pairs of cables and spark gaps. A change—over switch selects the direction of ‘kick'. A choice of 3 bunch or 6 bunch ejection required two pairs of charging cables (termed the ‘short' and 'long' cables), and thus four individual power supplies (Fig. 1). General description 2 The four similar power supplies are all housed in an oil filled tank. The control element in each is a ML8495 tube, which is held normally off by a rectifier A.C. voltage obtained from a power oscillator. A ramp function generator modulates this oscillator to turn the tube on, which charges the cables (Figs. 2 and 3). A voltage divider chain on the output is used for measurement and also as a reference point for comparison with the applied ramp function. PS/6772 It should be noted here that if, for any reason, this feedback 100p is broken9 control of the series tube ML8495 will be lost resulting in full output voltage on the cables. The two negative generators use a current comparison as a reference, whilst the two positive generators use voltage comparison. The ramp function generator for the 'long' cable reference uses a motor driven potentiometer which charges the cable in about 0.7 sec. and can be used once per machine cycle. The 'short' cable is charged from a simple R.C. ramp generator and has two modes of operation. It can either be operated once per machine cycle with respective 'start' and 'stop‘ pulses or it can be operated in the 1free running' mode. In the latter mode three ”three bunch” ejections can be made per machine cycle. Lay—out and controls The controls are housed in nine 19" racks situated in a small room adjacent to the ring tunnel near straight section 66. Also in this room are the gas handling equipment, oil cooler and the Haefely H.V. tank. All the controls are duplicated in three racks in the MGR. Detailed description ° H.V. circuit ll, 12, 13, i4 and 15 (Fig. 4) The Haefely H.V. tank contains a three phase H.V. transformer with two secondary windings which are rectified by banks of selenium rectifiers to give positive and negative voltages on the buffer capacitors of around 130 kV. Two series tubes, type ML84959 per polarity then control the voltage delivered to the cables. The heater and grid voltages are PS/6772 delivered through H.V. insulating transformers. The earth returns of both polarities are via protection devices which safeguard the power supply from any of the following i) Over currents ii) Over voltages ...\ - , . .~ lll/ Unbalanced currents (sucn as cable failures) Current and voltage measuring chains9 which include pre—load resistors, are also installed at this point and the readings displayed in rack 7 (H41). The prewload improves the regulation of the rectifier and thus reduces the off—load peak voltage which appears across the series tubes. Four other chains on the output side of the tubes are used as measuring points for the voltage to time converter and as reference points in the ramp generator feedback loop. These output points and the protection devices are mounted in the 'Cable Box' (16) (160~274~l) which is mounted on top of the tank; The four high voltage outputs come out through massive ’araldite' bushings mounted on the sloping face of the power supply. There are two bushings on the output face of the }Hnofcly Polarity c/o switch'. This is mounted inside the tank and determines the polarity of the voltages applied to the long cables. Four bushings are used for the short cable generators9 two per polarity. These outputs pass into a SF6 filled chamber in which is mounted the 'CERN polarity c/o switch'. Also mounted on the sloping face is the 'No. 1 switch' which connects the 'long’ and the 'short' cables together when pulsing the magnet for the 6 bunch ejection. An earthing switch mounted at the ends of the long cables increases the speed at which the Haefely Polarity c/o switch can be operated? as this operation can only take place with less than 10 kV on the cables. The earthing switch is also connected permanently to PS/6772 Iuse panel. 42 (160—230m2) This houses the power distribution, contactors and fuses for the three Haefely racks. Control panel 51 (l60—282~3) The Haefely control panel is situated in rack l. The coarse and fine motor controls for the references voltages are set from here by Kellog switches, All other controls? warning lamps9 alarms9 etc. are repeated in rack 5. Spark gap rack (rack 5) (Fig. 19) This rack contains a pulse amplifier and its associated D.C. supplies and also the supplies for the final amplifier which is adjacent to the spark gap. Pulse amplifier (160-287w5) A two stage amplifier9 each stage being 'off'. employs inverter transformers between stages and at the output9 which has two tubes in parallel. On both inverting transformers there is a D.C. biased tertiary winding which fixes the working point on the B.H. curve. Final amplifier (160—286—3) A power triode with a non—linear resistance as its anode lead is turned on by the trigger pulse from the pulse amplifier. The anode is capacitively coupled to the_centre ball of the spark gap which normally sits at half the cable voltage. When the triode is triggered, the centre ball is depressed and the gap between it and the H.T. ball breaks down. As it breaks9 it rises to the potential of the H.T. ball and the earthy gap breaks down. This is the sequence for positive cable voltages. The contrary applies PS/6772 for negative cable voltages? i.e. the earthy gap breaks down first. A corona system built inside the centre ball helps the start of the breakwdown and reduces jitter. A frequency compensated divider chain which includes nonmlinear resistors keeps the corona current within acceptable limits for increasing values of cable voltage. Seifert control (160—289~5) This controls the 60 hV supply9 which is situated in the gas handling rack and is used as the anode supply of the final amplifier. The rest of the rack contains the relevant supplies for the 01149 and 7002 tubes (iso~290/5—5) lnterlocks are incorporated into these four circuits which; in the event of failure, remove the H.T. from the final amplifier and pulse amplifier. Panel S.A. equipment This is built in two standard racks (4 and 5). Back 4 includes all the power contactors which supply the ancillary equipment (compressor7 oil pumps etc.) It also houses the fusess thermal cut outs, main isolator and three meters to measure the threewphase current. Rack 5 includes the 48 V relays which form the safety interlocks and the two control stations, one on the front face of the rack and *the other on the rear. Transfer of the controls between the two is made by a system of Castel keys9 which allows either one of other of these stations to be used or the control station in the MGR. The control panels are divided into two parts :1) signalizations andE) alarms. The 'signalizations' are combined push buttons and PS/6772 _ 10 w indicators which operate all the controls from the ’Main Contactor' through the complete turning on sequence up until the final 'HT ON’. If a fault exists in any of the supplies to the magnet9 the relevant 'alarm' will light and the sequence cannot be completed until the fault is clearede Similarly9 if the sequence is completed, any subsequent fault will trip the 'HT' or the appropriate point in the sequence. Rather than attempt to describe this sequence9 it is shown, tabulated for clarity? in Appendix 1. The complete diagrams (Panel S.A.) which show the interlocks7 alarms, contactors etc. are in Vola 2. The interconnections from this rack can also be traced from these diagrams and are given in tabulated form in Vol. 5. These connections are made on tag strips (Y) mounted in the lower half of the rack. Back 1 Besides the Haefely Control Station (see page 8 ) this rack contains the valve driving gear for the CERN pol. switch and its 7 associated control panel. The logic lay_out can be found in Vol. 2. Two delay units and a splitter box are also mounted here. These units are adjusted to set the jitter distribution curves of the spark gaps in coincidence. At the base of this rack are mounted six 50 kc/s oscillators which supply the ferrite loaded coils mounted on the drive shafts of the switch gear and used as accelerometers. Rack 2 The upper half of this rack is occupied by the controls syStems for the S.G. air pressure and relative humidity and also the PS/6772 ”ll .. magnet oil temperature. Below these the valve drive gear and control panel for the No. 1 switch is mounted. Chassis No. 8 completes the rack and this contains the blocking logic for the spark gap triager pulse which then goes on to the Final Amplifier (26).
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