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CAS No. Chemical Name Trade or Common Name Synonyms & Notes Fire Code Haz Class 71556 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE TRICHLOR 111 DEGRS COLD/V BRAKLEEN #5090 IRR,OHH 71556 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE TRI - ETHANE (R) 377 LO VOC SATIN LACQUER IRR,OHH 71556 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE SAFETY KLEEN 105 SOLVENT METHYL CHLOROFORM IRR,OHH 71556 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE YELLOW LO VOC -TRAFFIC PAINT LACQUER THINNER IRR,OHH 127184 1,1,2,2,TETRACHLOROETHYLENE WASTE PERCHLOROETHYLENE BRAKE CLEAN CAR,IRR,OHH,SENS 127184 1,1,2,2,TETRACHLOROETHYLENE PERC CHLORINATED HYDROCARBON CAR,IRR,OHH,SENS 107062 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE CAR,FLIB,IRR,OHH 57556 1,2-PROPANEDIOL RUBIGAN A.S. FUNGICIDE MURPHY OIL SOAP CLIIIB,IRR,OHH 57556 1,2-PROPANEDIOL HD HEAT TRANSFER FLUID PROPYLENE GLYCOL CLIIIB,IRR,OHH 57556 1,2-PROPANEDIOL DOW FROST GLYCOL LATEX COATINGS- WATERBORNE CLIIIB,IRR,OHH 78933 2-BUTANONE METHYL ETHYL KETONE WASTE PAINT FILTERS & DEBRIS FLIB,IRR,OHH 78933 2-BUTANONE LACQUER THINNER MEK FLIB,IRR,OHH 78933 2-BUTANONE BURKE 3203 PART A PRIMER PART B FLIB,IRR,OHH 64197 ACETIC ACID VINEGAR ACETIC ACID, <10% IRR,OHH 64197 ACETIC ACID FIXER, REPLENISHER, DEVELOPER ACETIC ACID, >12% COR,OHH 64197 ACETIC ACID FIXER, REPLENISHER, DEVELOPER ACETIC ACID, 99-100% CLII,COR,OHH 67641 ACETONE THINNER WASTE ACETONE/HEXANE FLIB,IRR,OHH 67641 ACETONE BRAKE CLEANER 2-PROPANONE, LIQUID FLIB,IRR,OHH 67641 ACETONE DIMETHYL KETONE FLIB,IRR,OHH 74862 ACETYLENE ACETYLEN, GAS WELDING GAS FLG,UR1 74862 ACETYLENE ACETYLENE - ETHYNE FLG,UR1 79061 ACRYLAMIDE ACRYLAMIDE, CRYSTALS P - 4 CAR,IRR,OHH,TOX,UR2 7664417 AMMONIA ANHYDROUS AMMONIA ANHYDROUS AMMONIA COR 7664417 AMMONIA LESS THAN 1% AQUA AMMONIA NON HAZ 7664417 AMMONIA 50% AQUA AMMONIA COR,TOX 7664417 AMMONIA GREATER THAN 30% AQUA AMMONIA TOX, IRR CAS No. Chemical Name Trade or Common Name Synonyms & Notes Fire Code Haz Class 1336216 AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE LESS THAN 1% AQUA AMMONIA NON HAZ 1336216 AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE > 50% AQUA AMMONIA COR,TOX 1336216 AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE > 30% AQUA AMMONIA TOX, IRR 6484522 AMMONIUM NITRATE BEST NITRA KING 22-3-9 FERTILIZER, 48% nitrate IRR,OX1,SENS,OHH 6484522 AMMONIUM NITRATE 100% IRR,OX3,SENS,UR3,OHH 7783202 AMMONIUM SULFATE (2:1) 21-0-0 SULPHATE OF AMMONIA IRR 7440371 ARGON ARGON GAS ARGON GAS ICG 7440371 ARGON ARGON COMPRESSED LIQUID ARGON CRY 7440371 ARGON/HYDROGEN ARGON GAS 15% ARGON, 75% HYDROGEN FLG 1332214 ASBESTOS (BLUE) BRAKE LINING NON-FRIABLE CAR,OHH 1332214 ASBESTOS (BLUE) WASTE ASB (PIPE/INSULATION) CAR,OHH 71432 BENZENE GASOLINE, UNLEADED WASTE AUTOMOTIVE FUEL FILTERS CAR,FLIB,IRR,OHH 71432 BENZENE SAFETY KLEEN 105 SOLVENT CRUDE OIL CAR,FLIB,IRR,OHH 123864 BUTYL ACETATE BASECOAT & CLEARCOAT ENAMEL PAINT FLIB,IRR,SENS 123864 BUTYL ACETATE DELTRON ACRYLIC URETHANE URETHANE CARBAMATE MONOMER FLIB,IRR,SENS 111762 BUTYL CELLOSOLVE 15% TO 100% CLIIIA,IRR,OHH,TOX 111762 BUTYL CELLOSOLVE BUTOXYETHANOL <14% CLIIIA,IRR,OHH 10043524 CALCIUM CHLORIDE DARACEM 50 S F C 20 IRR,OHH 1333864 CARBON BLACK DRY INK PRINTING INK CMD 1333864 CARBON BLACK CHARCOAL CARBON BLACK CMD 124389 CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON DIOXIDE/REFRIG GAS DRY ICE ICG 124389 CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON DIOXIDE/REFRIG LIQ DRY ICE CRY 56235 CARBON TETRACHLORIDE CARBON TETRACHLORIDE, LIQUID CAR,IRR,OHH CAS No. Chemical Name Trade or Common Name Synonyms & Notes Fire Code Haz Class 56235 CARBON TETRACHLORIDE TETRACHLOROMETHANE CAR,IRR,OHH 75730 CARBON TETRAFLUORIDE FREON/OXYGEN FREON 14/TETRAFLUORO METHANE IRR,OHH 75730 CARBON TETRAFLUORIDE FREON -134A 1,1,2 TETRAFLOROETHANE IRR,OHH 76131 CHLORINATED FLUOROCARBON FREON 113TR-T FREON TF OHH 76131 CHLORINATED FLUOROCARBON FREON 113 1,1,2 TRICHLORO - 1,2,2 TRIFLUORO OHH 7782505 CHLORINE GASEOUS CHLORINE SANI-CLOR CHLORINE COR,OXG,TOX 7782505 CHLORINE LIQUID CHLORINE SANI-CLOR CHLORINE IRR 75456 CHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE GENETRON 22 FREON 408A, R22 OHH 75456 CHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE SUPER-33 SILICONE, AEROSOL CFC-22 REFRIGERANT OHH 67663 CHLOROFORM CI2H2 CHLOROFORM, WASTE CAR,IRR,OHH 76153 CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE FREON 502 WASTE FORONE (R) 502 OHH 1897456 CHLOROTHALONIL DACONIL DACONIL 2787 FUNGICIDE CAR,HTOX,OHH 2921882 CHLORPYRIFOS ANT KILLER DURSBAN PLUS INSECTICIDE III IRR,OHH,TOX 333415 DIAZINON DIAZINON GRANULAR INSECTICIDE KNOX OIUT 2 FM INSECTICIDE HTOX,IRR,OHH 75718 DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE FREON R22/R12 REFRIGERANT 500 OHH 17122 DIESEL FUEL TEXACO LOW SULFUR DIESEL #2 SHELL AUTO DIESEL CLII,IRR 17122 DIESEL FUEL CHEVRON DIESEL FUEL NO 2 RED DIESEL FOR TRACTORS CLII,IRR 101688 DIPHENYLMETHANE DIISOCYANATE PUR SYSTEM 725A BAYTUFT 751 COMPONENT A HTOX,IRR,OHH,SENS 101688 DIPHENYLMETHANE DIISOCYANATE URETHANE ADHESIVE RICHPAK 45 A HTOX,IRR,OHH,SENS 101688 DIPHENYLMETHANE DIISOCYANATE INSTAPAK COMPONENT A POLYMERIC MDI / LIQUIFOAN A HTOX,IRR,OHH,SENS 101688 DIPHENYLMETHANE DIISOCYANATE RICHPAK 45A (LIQUID FOAM) MAXFLEX 390-3 COMPONENT B FOAM HTOX,IRR,OHH,SENS 101688 DIPHENYLMETHANE DIISOCYANATE ISONATE 21432 MODIFIED MDI MAXFLEX 390-3 COMPONENT A FOAM HTOX,IRR,OHH,SENS CAS No. Chemical Name Trade or Common Name Synonyms & Notes Fire Code Haz Class 25068386 EPOXY RESIN TOOLING EPOXY & EPOXY RESIN MERON AMERLOCK 400 RESIN CLIIIB,IRR,OHH 25068386 EPOXY RESIN SCB CONCRESIVE 1360 PART A HYSOL 50-202 BR CLIIIB,IRR,OHH 25068386 EPOXY RESIN EPON RESIN 828/GY 6010 CIBA LER 727-0100 CLIIIB,IRR,OHH 64175 ETHANOL ALCOHOL DEHYDRATED DENATURED ALCOHOL 190 PROOF FLIB,IRR,OHH 64175 ETHANOL ALCOHOL ,RUM, VODKA, GIN WASTE ALCOHOL FLIB,IRR,OHH 141786 ETHYL ACETATE ETHYL ACETATE, LIQUID SL 7459 ADHESIVE FLIB,IRR,OHH 141786 ETHYL ACETATE DA 176 CATALYST - NAZDAR NAZDAR POLYURETHANE CATALYST FLIB,IRR,OHH 60297 ETHYL ETHER ETHER LIQUID FLIA,IRR,OHH 107211 ETHYLENE GLYCOL ANTIFREEZE/ COOLANT DEFOAMER (POLYGLYCOL MIXTURE) CLIIIB,IRR,OHH 107211 ETHYLENE GLYCOL WATERBORNE LATEX PAINTS SR-1 HEAT TRANSFER FLUID CLIIIB,IRR,OHH 107211 ETHYLENE GLYCOL WASTE RADIATOR COOLANT WHITE WASH STAIN CLIIIB,IRR,OHH 75218 ETHYLENE OXIDE ETHYLENE OXIDE, GAS POLY ETHYLENE OXIDE CAR,FLG,IRR,OHH,TOX,UR3 75218 ETHYLENE OXIDE COCHEM 168 ROLL OIL OXIDANE CAR,FLG,IRR,OHH,TOX,UR3 7782414 FLUORINE FLUORINE, LIQUID COR,CRY,HTOX,OXG,WR2 7782414 FLUORINE FLUORINE COR,HTOX,OXG,WR2 50000 FORMALDEHYDE VWR FORMALDEHYDE FORMALDEHYDE, 37% CAR,CLIIIA,IRR,SENS,TOX 50000 FORMALDEHYDE CELLPACK-GL FORMALDEHYDE, 10% CAR,CLIIIA,IRR 50000 FORMALDEHYDE w/ 11-15% METHANOL FORMALDEHYDE, 37% CAR,CLIIIA,IRR,SENS,TOX 8006619 GASOLINE UNLEADED AUTO GAS PREMIUM UNLEADED CAR,FLIB,IRR,OHH 8006619 GASOLINE PREMIUM UNLEADED GAS GASOLINE CAR,FLIB,IRR,OHH 38641940 GLYPHOSATE ISOPROPYLAMINE SALT ROUND UP HERBICIDE ROUNDUP IRR 7440597 HELIUM HELIUM, COMPRESSED LIQUID HELIUM CRY 7440597 HELIUM HELIUM, COMPRESSED HELIUM GAS ICG 7440597 HELIUM ARGON / HELIUM MIXTURE CRY 7440597 HELIUM ARGON / HELIUM MIXTURE ICG CAS No. Chemical Name Trade or Common Name Synonyms & Notes Fire Code Haz Class 110543 HEXANE BESTINE BRAKE WASH FLIB,IRR,OHH 110543 HEXANE BRAKE KLEEN WASTE, ZEP ID RED LIQUID FLIB,IRR,OHH 7647010 HYDROCHLORIC ACID 1% TO 15% MURIATIC ACID, LIQUID IRR, OHH 7647010 HYDROCHLORIC ACID GREATER THAN 15% BOWL CLEANER COR, OHH 7647010 HYDROCHLORIC ACID CUPRIC CHLORIDE ETCHANT SCALE DISSOLVER IRR,OHH 7647010 HYDROCHLORIC ACID SOLDER STRIPPER, COPPER BRIGHT IRR,OHH 7647010 HYDROCHLORIC ACID HCL GAS COR,OHH 1333740 HYDROGEN HYDROGEN, COMPRESSED HYDROGEN, GAS >=4% FLG 1333740 HYDROGEN HYDROGEN, COMPRESSED HYDROGEN, GAS 2% INERT 1333740 HYDROGEN HYDROGEN, COMPRESSED LIQUID HYDROGEN FLAM CRY 1333740 HYDROGEN HELIUM/HYDROGEN MIXTURE HYDROGEN, GAS >=4% FLG 1333740 HYDROGEN HELIUM/HYDROGEN MIXTURE HYDROGEN, GAS 2% INERT 7722841 HYDROGEN PEROXIDE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE HP, OXONIA, 70-100% COR,OHH,OX4,UR3 7722841 HYDROGEN PEROXIDE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE HP, OXONIA, 3-10% IRR,OHH 7722841 HYDROGEN PEROXIDE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE HP, OXONIA, 30-35% COR,OHH,OX2 7722841 HYDROGEN PEROXIDE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE HP, OXONIA, 50% COR,OHH,OX2,UR1 7722841 HYDROGEN PEROXIDE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE,50- 70% COR,OHH,OX3,UR3 7778543 HYPOCHLOROUS ACID, CA SALT CHLORINATION TABLETS 65% AQ COR,OHH,OX2,UR2 7778543 HYPOCHLOROUS ACID, CA SALT 65-100% (ANHYD. AND HYDRATE) CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE, SOLID COR,OHH,OX3,UR2,WR1 67630 ISOPROPANOL ISOPROPANOL, 91-100% BRAKE PARTS CLEANER FLIB,IRR,OHH 67630 ISOPROPANOL ISOPROPANOL, 71-80% CINCH GLASS & M FLIC,IRR,OHH 67630 ISOPROPANOL ISOPROPANOL, 50% SPIC AND SPAN LIQUID CLII,IRR,OHH 67630 ISOPROPANOL ISOPROPANOL, 25% GENERAL DISINFECTANT DETERGENT CLIIIA,IRR 8008206 KEROSENE I-K KEROSENE R-313F, R-607 CLII,IRR,OHH 8008206 KEROSENE JET A FUEL DIESEL FUEL OIL CLII,IRR,OHH 8008206 KEROSENE JP-8 JET FUEL WASTE ENGINE CLEANING SOLV. CLII,IRR,OHH 7439921 LEAD LEAD/ACID STORAGE BATTERY SEALED BATTERIES CAR,OHH CAS No. Chemical Name Trade or Common Name Synonyms & Notes Fire Code Haz Class 7439921 LEAD LEADED/COPPER/NICKEL WIRE WASTE BATTERIES CAR,OHH 7439921 LEAD INORGANIC LEAD COMPOUNDS CAR,CMD,OHH 7439921 LEAD SOLDER CAR,OHH 68476857 LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS LP GAS, GAS PROPANE FLG,LPG 74828 METHANE METHANE LIQUID METHANE FLAM CRY 74828 METHANE METHANE (GAS) CNG FLG 74828 METHANE LNG LIQUID METHANE LIQ FLG 74828 METHANE DIGESTER GAS METHANE GAS FLG 74828 METHANE FREON 22 LIQUID METHANE FLAM CRY 75092 METHANE DICHLORIDE TH 660 ADHESIVE THINNER PARTS CLEANER CAR,COR,OHH 75092 METHANE DICHLORIDE CHLORONITE SOLVENT WELD-ON #4 FOR ACRYLIC CAR,COR,OHH 75092 METHANE DICHLORIDE SAFETY KLEEN PAINT STRIPPER CAR,COR,OHH 67561 METHANOL METHANOL, 100% FLIB,IRR,OHH 67561 METHANOL WINDSHIELD WASHER FLUID METHANOL, 20% CLII,IRR,OHH 67561 METHANOL METHANOL/GASOLINE MIXTURE METHANOL, 20% CLII,IRR,OHH 8012951
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    Eindhoven University of Technology MASTER Energy analysis and plant design for ethylene production from naphtha and natural gas van Gijzel, R.A. Award date: 2017 Link to publication Disclaimer This document contains a student thesis (bachelor's or master's), as authored by a student at Eindhoven University of Technology. Student theses are made available in the TU/e repository upon obtaining the required degree. The grade received is not published on the document as presented in the repository. The required complexity or quality of research of student theses may vary by program, and the required minimum study period may vary in duration. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain Process Engineering Multiphase Reactors group (SMR) Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands www.tue.nl Graduation committee Prof. Dr. Ir. M. van Sint Annaland Dr. F. Gallucci Dr. V. Spallina (supervisor) Energy analysis and plant design for ethylene production Dr. T. Noël (external member) I. Campos Velarde from naphtha and natural gas Author R.A. van Gijzel MSc.
  • Differential Regulation of Endothelium Behavior by Progesterone and Medroxyprogesterone Acetate

    Differential Regulation of Endothelium Behavior by Progesterone and Medroxyprogesterone Acetate

    P H CUTINI and others Progestins and vascular function 220:3 179–193 Research Differential regulation of endothelium behavior by progesterone and medroxyprogesterone acetate Pablo H Cutini1,2, Adria´n E Campelo1,2 and Virginia L Massheimer1,2 Correspondence should be addressed 1Ca´ tedra de Bioquı´mica Clı´nica II, Departamento de Biologı´a, Bioquı´mica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional to V L Massheimer del Sur (UNS), San Juan 670, B8000ICN, Bahı´a Blanca, Argentina Email 2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientı´ficas y Te´ cnicas (CONICET), Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina [email protected] Abstract Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is a synthetic progestin commonly used in hormone Key Words replacement therapy (HRT). The aim of this research was to study and compare the effect of " cell migration progesterone (Pg) and MPA on the regulation of cellular events associated with vascular " medroxyprogesterone homeostasis and disease. Platelet adhesion to endothelial cells (ECs), nitric oxide (NO) acetate production, and cell migration were studied using murine ECs in vitro exposed to the " nitric oxide progestins. After 7 min of treatment, MPA significantly inhibited NO synthesis with respect " progesterone to control values; meanwhile, Pg markedly increased vasoactive production. In senile ECs, " vascular tissue the stimulatory action of Pg decreases; meanwhile, MPA maintained its ability to inhibit Journal of Endocrinology NO synthesis. The presence of RU486 antagonized the action of each steroid. When ECs were preincubated with PD98059 (MAPK inhibitor) or chelerythrine (protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor) before Pg or MPA treatment, the former totally suppressed the steroid action, but the PKC antagonist did not affect NO production.
  • Progesterone Using ALZET Osmotic Pumps

    Progesterone Using ALZET Osmotic Pumps

    ALZET® Bibliography References on the Administration of Progesterone Using ALZET Osmotic Pumps Q8558: V. Joseph, et al. Progesterone decreases apnoea and reduces oxidative stress induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia in ovariectomized female rats. Exp Physiol 2020;105(6):1025-1034 Agents: Progesterone Vehicle: Cyclodextrin, 2-ß-Hydroxypropl-; Route: SC; Species: Rat; Pump: 2ML4; Duration: 28 days; ALZET Comments: Dose (4 mg/kg/day); Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (Sprague-Dawley female rats (220-250g/57-70 days old)); post op. care (buprenorphine); Blood pressure measured via tail cuff method;93.3 mmHg - 105.2 mmHg;Progesterone aka prog; dependence; Q6232: S. F. Rosen, et al. T-Cell Mediation of Pregnancy Analgesia Affecting Chronic Pain in Mice. J Neurosci 2017;37(41):9819-9827 ALZET Comments: Estradiol, 17b-; Progesterone sulfate; SC; Mice; 2002; 14 days; Dose (17b-estradiol : 0.1 mg/kg/d, progesterone sulfate: 0.25 mg/kg/d, 0.1 mg/kg/d estradiol + 0.25 mg/kg/d progesterone); Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (7-12 week old female C57BL/6J mice); replacement therapy (estradiol, ovariectomy); Therapeutic indication. Q6066: D. J. Morris, et al. Glucocorticoids and gut bacteria: "The GALF Hypothesis" in the metagenomic era. Steroids 2017;125(1-13 ALZET Comments: Chenodeoxycholic acid, progesterone, 11b-hydroxy-, corticosterone, deoxy-, corticosterone, 3α,5α-TH-, progesterone, 3α,5α-TH-11β-hydroxy-; SC; Rat; steroidal derivatives of corticosterone; Review presents the role of gut microbial metabolism of endogenous adrenocorticosteroids as a contributing factor in the etiology of essential hypertension. Q6204: S. McIlvride, et al. A progesterone-brown fat axis is involved in regulating fetal growth.
  • Nitric Oxide Production, Inhibitory, Antioxidant and Antimycobacterial Activities of the Fruits Extract and Flavonoid Content of Schinus Terebinthifolius

    Nitric Oxide Production, Inhibitory, Antioxidant and Antimycobacterial Activities of the Fruits Extract and Flavonoid Content of Schinus Terebinthifolius

    Rev Bras Farmacogn 24(2014): 644-650 Original article Nitric oxide production, inhibitory, antioxidant and antimycobacterial activities of the fruits extract and flavonoid content of Schinus terebinthifolius Natalia R. Bernardesa, Marlon Heggdorne-Araújoa,b, Isabela F. J. C. Borgesb,c, Fabricio M. Almeidab, Eduardo P. Amaralb, Elena B. Lasunskaiab, Michelle F. Muzitanob,c,*, Daniela B. Oliveiraa,* aLaboratório de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil bLaboratório de Biologia do Reconhecer, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil cLaboratório de Produtos Naturais, Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus Macaé, Polo Novo Cavaleiro, Instituto Macaé de Metrologia e Tecnologia, Macaé, RJ, Brazil ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: The extract of the fruits from Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, Anacardiaceae, was obtained by Received 28 May 2014 exhaustive extraction with methanol. Its fractions and isolated compounds were collected Accepted 16 October 2014 by fractionation with RP-2 column chromatography. The crude extract, the flavonoid frac- tion and the isolated compound identified as apigenin (1), were investigated regarding its Keywords: inhibitory action of nitric oxide production by LPS-stimulated macrophages, antioxidant Anacardiaceae activity by DPPH and the antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium bovis BCG. The Apigenin samples exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on the nitric oxide production (e.g., 1, IC50 Inflammation 19.23 ± 1.64 μg/ml) and also showed antioxidant activity. In addition, S. terebinthifolius sam- Mycobacterium ples inhibited the mycobacterial growth (e.g., 1, IC50 14.53 ± 1.25 μg/ml).
  • Steam Cracking: Chemical Engineering

    Steam Cracking: Chemical Engineering

    Steam Cracking: Kinetics and Feed Characterisation João Pedro Vilhena de Freitas Moreira Thesis to obtain the Master of Science Degree in Chemical Engineering Supervisors: Professor Doctor Henrique Aníbal Santos de Matos Doctor Štepánˇ Špatenka Examination Committee Chairperson: Professor Doctor Carlos Manuel Faria de Barros Henriques Supervisor: Professor Doctor Henrique Aníbal Santos de Matos Member of the Committee: Specialist Engineer André Alexandre Bravo Ferreira Vilelas November 2015 ii The roots of education are bitter, but the fruit is sweet. – Aristotle All I am I owe to my mother. – George Washington iii iv Acknowledgments To begin with, my deepest thanks to Professor Carla Pinheiro, Professor Henrique Matos and Pro- fessor Costas Pantelides for allowing me to take this internship at Process Systems Enterprise Ltd., London, a seven-month truly worthy experience for both my professional and personal life which I will certainly never forget. I would also like to thank my PSE and IST supervisors, who help me to go through this final journey as a Chemical Engineering student. To Stˇ epˇ an´ and Sreekumar from PSE, thank you so much for your patience, for helping and encouraging me to always keep a positive attitude, even when harder problems arose. To Prof. Henrique who always showed availability to answer my questions and to meet in person whenever possible. Gostaria tambem´ de agradecer aos meus colegas de casa e de curso Andre,´ Frederico, Joana e Miguel, com quem partilhei casa. Foi uma experienciaˆ inesquec´ıvel que atravessamos´ juntos e cer- tamente que a vossa presenc¸a diaria´ apos´ cada dia de trabalho ajudou imenso a aliviar as saudades de casa.