DOCSLIB.ORG

Annual Report 2017

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Annual Report 2017 ANNUAL REPORT Covering activities during 2017 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The 2017 Annual Report has been developed by the Advocacy Section and the Strategic Planning and Interagency Affairs Unit situated with- in the Division for Policy Analysis and Public Affairs. It was prepared under the supervision of Jean-Luc Lemahieu, Director of the Division for Policy Analysis and Public Affairs, and the guidance of Gillian Murray, Deputy Director of the Division for Policy Analysis and Pub- lic Affairs and Chief of the Public Affairs and Policy Support Branch. The authors wish to thank colleagues from the Division for Opera- tions and its Field Offices, the Division for Treaty Affairs, the Division for Management and the Division for Policy Analysis and Public Af- fairs for their invaluable inputs and comments. The preparation of this Annual Report benefitted from the financial contribution of the Government of Sweden. UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna UNODC ANNUAL REPORT Covering activities during 2017 This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. Suggested citation: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from UNODC. Applications for such permission, with a statement of purpose and intent of the reproduction, should be addressed to UNODC, Advocacy Section. DISCLAIMER The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNODC or contributory organizations, nor does it imply any endorsement. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNODC concerning the legal status of any country, territory or city or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. This publication has not been formally edited. CONTENTS Foreword by the Executive Director . 4 Strategic narrative . 6 Highlights . 10 Drugs, health and trafficking . 14 Transnational organized crime . 38 Justice . 52 Corruption . 74 Terrorism . 86 Policy support and public affairs . 98 Research and trend analysis . 106 Independent evaluation . 116 Partnerships and funding . 124 List of abbreviations . 134 4 UNODC Executive Director Yury Fedotov at the 60th Session of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs. Photo: UNIS Vienna. 5 FOREWORD In 2017 we marked the twentieth anniversary of the rural development and reducing illicit coca cultivation. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. This Annual Report provides an overview of the comprehensive support UNODC provides to Member For two decades, UNODC has been helping to make States to promote justice and the rule of law, address the world safer from drugs, organized crime, corrup- the challenges of drugs, crime, corruption and terror- tion and terrorism. We have seen, and continue to see, ism, and work towards the SDGs. threats emerging and evolving at an astonishing rate, from the proliferation of new psychoactive substances As these pages show, UNODC is enabling international to cybercrime. cooperation and building capacities through our headquarters in Vienna and our network of field At the same time, the international community has offices, mainstreaming gender and human rights increasingly recognized that to build sustainable across our activities. peace, security and development, we must do more to counter human trafficking, migrant smuggling and This report also makes clear the many constraints corruption, as well as trafficking in drugs, wildlife, we face, not least a lack of reliable core funding, as illicit firearms and cultural property. we seek to fulfil our mandates, embrace reform and respond to change. These crimes threaten human life and safety, contrib- ute to environmental destruction and inequalities, I would like to take this opportunity to thank my and undermine the rule of law. UNODC colleagues, particularly in the field, for their dedication and professionalism. I am also grateful to This has been clearly recognized by the 2030 Agenda our partners, donor and Member States, including our and its Sustainable Development Goals. host country of Austria. The problems remain formi- dable but working together, I have no doubt that we In 2017, the Security Council adopted resolutions are up to the challenge. urging Member States to prevent human trafficking in conflict situations, stop the looting and sale of cultural heritage to finance terrorism and keep weap- ons out of the hands of terrorists. Last year, we signed the largest project in UNODC’s history to support Colombia in building peace through Executive Director Yury Fedotov 6 UNODC Executive Director Yury Fedotov addresses the high-level meeting of the General Assembly to appraise progress achieved in the implementation of the United Nations Global Plan of Action to Combat Trafficking in Persons. Photo: UN Photo / Cia Pak. 7 STRATEGIC NARRATIVE As international civil servants, we are very often faced with the task of ex- plaining what terms like “technical cooperation”, “normative assistance”, “capacity building”, “inter-institutional cooperation”, and so on, really mean when it comes to concrete actions on the ground. This edition of the annual report tries to address these questions by showcasing the human impact of work carried out by UNODC in the areas of preventing and responding to crime, corruption, terrorism and promoting health. As you will see going through the report, we are expanding our part- nerships with Member States and other stakeholders in operationalizing the recommendations of the UN General Assembly Special Session on Drugs, focussing on bolstering the health-related aspects while at the same time ensuring that the impact of the drug business on economies is tackled in a comprehensive manner. 8 Strategic narrative The coming year will see UNODC further stepping up its Secretary General’s reform of UN country teams, will efforts in this area in the run-up to the 10-year review of enable us to better help governments to link sustain- the Political Declaration and Plan of Action on Interna- able development with inclusive governance. tional Cooperation towards an Integrated and Balanced Strategy to Counter the World Drug Problem. Increasing Transnational organized crime and its impact have the ability of the UN system along with States and oth- continued to attract the attention of Member States er stakeholders, to offer effective responses to the world at the UN in New York, with more than a third of drug problem will certainly be a priority for the Office. Security Council resolutions between 2000 and 2017 The work of our Office in Colombia on alternative de- referencing or discussing organized crime in relation velopment is an example of close cooperation with the to conflict. Our long-standing work countering human Member State and other partners. It is an integral part of trafficking, ensuring the safety and security of sea and the implementation of the recent Peace Agreement be- air supply chains, as well as tackling the illicit trade in tween the Colombian Government and the Revolutionary firearms, remains as topical as ever. The emergence of Armed Forces of Colombia – People’s Army (FARC–EP). new types of crime requires us to be ever more innovative and flexible. Our work combating cybercrime and illicit We are hopeful that the shift reflected in the 2030 financial flows is important to assist with the financing Agenda for Sustainable Development, as well as the for development. Heads of State of Pacific islands at a side event of the Conference of the States Parties to the United Nations Convention against Corruption. Photo: UNODC. 9 UNODC ANNUAL REPORT 2017 Tackling corruption is at the core of UNODC’s mandate and The results of the peer review will enable us to further has been recognized by Member States as an impediment improve our project delivery processes. to human development and access to public goods. It has, therefore, been prominently recognised as a cross-cutting For the first time, UNODC has developed a gender feature of efforts to fulfil the 2030 Agenda. Looking ahead, equality strategy. The Strategy which covers the period we foresee a stronger emphasis on helping States address the from 2018-2021 aims to ensure that gender equality link between corruption and countering terrorism, money and the empowerment of women are integral parts of laundering, drug trafficking, human trafficking, wildlife all aspects of the work of UNODC in making the world and environmental crime, and the human rights agenda. safer from drugs, crime and terrorism. 2017 was also a year of consolidation and organi- UNODC sees the establishment of the rule of law and zational learning for UNODC. In order to strengthen the promotion of justice, peace, security, and human our performance in the areas of programme planning, rights as forming the unifying framework for effective monitoring, and reporting, we tasked a team of peer and long-term wellbeing across the world. With in- reviewers from other UN agencies to objectively as- creased challenges we need to be flexible in our work. sess our current results-based management approach Our funding similarly needs to reflect the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The UN Works for International Peace and Security
    Did You Know? 7 Since 1945, the UN has assisted in negotiating more than 170 peace settlements that have ended regional conflicts. 7 The United Nations played a role in bringing about independence in more than 80 countries that are now sovereign nations. 7 Over 500 multinational treaties – on human rights, terrorism, international crime, refugees, disarmament, commodities and the oceans – have been enacted through the efforts of the United Nations. 7 The World Food Programme, the world’s largest humanitarian agency, reaches on average 90 million hungry people in 80 countries every year. 7 An estimated 90 per cent of global conflict-related deaths since 1990 have been civilians, and 80 percent of these have been women and children. 7 If each poor person on the planet had the same energy-rich lifestyle as an average person in Germany or the United Kingdom, four planets would be needed to safely cope with the pollution. That figure rises to nine planets when compared with the average of the United States or Canada. 07-26304—DPI/1888/Rev.3—August 2008—15M Everything You Always Wanted to Know About the United Nations FOR STUDENTS AT INTERMEDIATE AND SECONDARY LEVELS United Nations Department of Public Information New York, 2010 An introduction to the United Nations i Material contained in this book is not subject to copyright. It may be freely reproduced, provided acknowledgement is given to the UNITED NATIONS. For further information please contact: Visitors Services, Department of Public Information, United Nations, New York, NY 10017 Fax 212-963-0071; E-mail: [email protected] All photos by UN Photo, unless otherwise noted Published by the United Nations Department of Public Information Printed by the United Nations Publishing Section, New York Table of contents 1 Introduction to the United Nations .
    [Show full text]
  • Another World Is Possible! Stand up & Take Action
    Jubilee Sunday A Christian Worship & Action Resource for Your Faith Community Another World is Possible! Stand Up & Take Action Contents Letter from Our Executive Director...................................................... 1 Worship Resources.................................................................................... 2 Jubilee Vision....................................................................................... 2 Minute for Mission.............................................................................. 4 Prayers of Intercession for Jubilee Sunday.................................... 6 Hymn Suggestions for Worship........................................................ 7 Jubilee Sunday Sermon Notes........................................................... 9 Children’s Sermon............................................................................... 10 Children and Teen Sunday School Activities................................. 11 Jubilee Action – Another World is Possible....................................... 13 Stand Up Pledge.......................................................................................... 14 Dear partners for a real Jubilee, Thank you for participating in our annual Jubilee Sunday -- your participation in this time will help empower our leaders in the United States to take action for the world’s poorest. Join Jubilee Congregations around the United States on October 14, 2012 to pray for global economic justice, to deepen your community’s understanding of the debt issue, take decisive
    [Show full text]
  • International Study Guide Series
    International Study Guide Series Denmark Montana 4-H Center for Youth Development, Montana State University Extension 1 MONTANA 4‐H INTERNATIONAL STUDY SERIES The 4‐H program has had an active role in Montana youth and volunteer development for almost 100 years. It is most well‐known for its local emphasis, but 4‐H does exist in a broader context ‐ from a local to an international level. The ultimate objective of 4‐H international and cross‐cultural programming is "peace through understanding." Extension Service efforts help young people achieve this overall goal by encouraging them to: realize the significance of global interdependency; develop positive cross‐cultural attitudes and skills that enhance understanding and acceptance of people from other ethnic, social, or economic backgrounds; appreciate for the similarities and differences among all people; assume global citizenship responsibilities; develop an understanding of the values and attitudes of Americans. Since the introduction of international 4‐H opportunities in 1948, the Montana 4‐H program has been committed to the goal of global awareness and increasing cross‐cultural understanding. Cultures are becoming more dependent upon one another for goods, services, food, and fiber. Montana's role in the international trade arena is ever‐growing. The acquisition of increased knowledge of the markets and the people who influence those markets is crucial to the residents of our state. The 4‐H international programs are coordinated by States’ 4‐H International Exchange Programs (S4‐H) for participating state 4‐H Youth Development programs. Funding for the exchange programs is provided on the state level by the Montana 4‐H Foundation through private donations and contributions.
    [Show full text]
  • Arthur Sweetser Papers [Finding Aid]. Library Of
    Arthur Sweetser Papers A Finding Aid to the Collection in the Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 2013 Contact information: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/mss.contact Additional search options available at: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/eadmss.ms013059 LC Online Catalog record: http://lccn.loc.gov/mm78042085 Prepared by Manuscript Division Staff Collection Summary Title: Arthur Sweetser Papers Span Dates: 1913-1961 Bulk Dates: (bulk 1919-1947) ID No.: MSS42085 Creator: Sweetser, Arthur, 1888-1968 Extent: 22,350 items ; 95 containers plus 4 oversize ; 36.6 linear feet Language: Collection material in English Location: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Summary: Public official and journalist. Correspondence, diaries, memoranda, press releases, newspaper clippings, speeches, articles, scrapbooks, and other papers relating to Sweetser's career in journalism and diplomacy. Selected Search Terms The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the Library's online catalog. They are grouped by name of person or organization, by subject or location, and by occupation and listed alphabetically therein. People Acheson, Dean, 1893-1971--Correspondence. Baruch, Bernard M. (Bernard Mannes), 1870-1965--Correspondence. Comert, Pierre--Correspondence. Croly, Herbert David, 1869-1930--Correspondence. Davis, Elmer Holmes, 1890-1958--Correspondence. Davis, Malcolm W. (Malcolm Waters), 1899- --Correspondence. Drummond, Eric, Sir, 1876- --Correspondence. Fosdick, Raymond B. (Raymond Blaine), 1883-1972--Correspondence. Gerig, Benjamin, 1894-1976--Correspondence. Gilchrist, Huntington, 1891-1975--Correspondence. Grew, Joseph C. (Joseph Clark), 1880-1965--Correspondence. Hambro, Carl Joachim, 1885-1964--Correspondence. House, Edward Mandell, 1858-1938--Correspondence. Hudson, Manley O.
    [Show full text]
  • UN.Today.Pdf
    DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INFORMATION The United Nations Today asdf United Nations New York, 2008 Note: Every effort is made to keep basic information current up to the date of publication, including responsible officials, contact information, treaty ratifications, etc. All other data is current as of July 2007, unless stated otherwise. Published by the United Nations Department of Public Information Printed by the Publishing Section/DGACM United Nations Headquarters New York, NY 10017 www.un.org ISBN 978-92-1-101160-9 United Nations Publication Sales No. E.08.I.6 Copyright © 2008 United Nations iii Preamble to the Charter of the United Nations We the peoples of the United Nations determined to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, and for these ends to practice tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbours, and to unite our strength to maintain international peace and security, and to ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the institution of methods, that armed force shall not be used, save in the common interest, and to employ international machinery for the promotion of the economic and social advancement of all peoples, have resolved to combine our efforts to accomplish these aims.
    [Show full text]
  • World Thinking Day 2011 Activity Pack
    World Thinking Day 2011 Activity Pack World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts Association mondiale des Guides et des Eclaireuses Asociación Mundial de las Guías Scouts World Thinking Day Activity Pack 1 World Thinking Day 2011 Activity Pack World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts Association mondiale des Guides et des Eclaireuses Asociación Mundial de las Guías Scouts empowering girls will change our world www.worldthinkingday.org2 World Thinking Day 2011 Activity Pack Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................... 5 How the World Thinking Day Fund will be used .............................................. 6 Some tips ................................................................................................................ 8 Activities ................................................................................................................. 9 Group warm-up activities .................................................................................. 9 Individual activities to earn a World Thinking Day badge ............................... 12 1. Developing self-esteem and self-confidence ......................................... 12 2 Learning together to change our world ................................................. 14 3. Living and working for a fairer world ..................................................... 17 4. Girls and young women as decision-makers .......................................... 19 5. Speaking out ............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • About the United Nations Basic Facts About the United Nations
    Basic Facts about the United Nations Basic Facts about the United Nations Basic Facts about the United Nations United Nations Department of Public Information New York Basic Facts about the United Nations Published by the United Nations Department of Public Information New York, New York 10017, United States of America Revised edition Copyright © 2011 United Nations All rights reserved All queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to: United Nations Publications, 300 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 10017, United States of America; e-mail: [email protected]; website: un.org/publications. ISBN: 978-92-1-101235-4 eISBN: 978-92-1-054807-6 United Nations publication Sales no. E.11.I.2 Front cover: Dust rises as a helicopter of the UN Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) takes off, carry- ing voting materials to Tali Payam for Southern Sudan’s referendum on self-determination (2 January 2011, UN Photo/Tim McKulka). Cover design: Graphic Design Unit, United Nations, New York Printed at the United Nations, New York FOREWORD he United Nations was founded on the conviction that the nations of the world can and should cooperate to resolve conflicts peacefully and change people’s lives for the better. More than 65 years later, and with a record of genuine accomplishments, we remain fully committed to these principles. Much has changed since the United Nations was founded. The Organization’s membership has nearly quadrupled, while decolonization, population growth and globalization have each contributed to the redrawing of our modern landscape. As our world has evolved, so have the challenges.
    [Show full text]
  • 91 STAT. 1764 PROCLAMATION 4525—SEPT. 26, 1977 • United
    91 STAT. 1764 PROCLAMATION 4525—SEPT. 26, 1977 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twenty-third day of September, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred seventy-seven, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and second. -••' . JIMMY CARTER Proclamation 4525 • September 26, 1977 • United Nations Day, 1977 ,r By the President of the United States of America ,. , A Proclamation Each year on October 24, Americans join with the people of other countries in celebrating the anniversary of the United Nations—an institution created to maintain international peace and security, to promote the self-determination of peoples, to en­ courage respect for human rights, and to foster economic and social welfare. Americans have been instrumental in creating the United Nations, in advancing cooperation through its forums, and in providing, over the years, the largest share of its financial support. Since its establishment at San Francisco in 1945, the United Nations has under­ gone profound change. Its membership has nearly trebled from the original 51 mem­ bers, as most of the former colonial areas of Asia and Africa received their inde­ pendence. New problems brought on by developments in science and technology and by global interdependence have tested the ability of governments to cooperate har­ moniously. Problems like the arms race, the spread of nuclear weapons, the inter­ national economic order, the disposition of the world's oceanic resources, energy, and environmental pollution transcend national boundaries, making the United Nations and its specialized and technical agencies of continuing importance to the international community.
    [Show full text]
  • Updating the United Nations to Confront 21St Century Threats
    Updating the United Nations to Confront 21st Century Threats: The Challenge to the High-Level Panel 39th Conference on the United Nations of the Next Decade Sponsored by The Stanley Foundation June 11-16, 2004 Black Point Inn Prouts Neck, Maine Executive Summary As is often noted, the United Nations was designed in 1945 for a world that is dramatically different from our own. While there have been useful and important organizational innovations over the past six decades, the United Nations’ member states have by and large preserved it without significant change. The conceptual task of the High-Level Panel on Threats, Challenges, and Change will be to weave together diverse threat perceptions into a common understanding. The threat most clearly identified as inimical to international peace and security is armed conflict, and the threat of armed conflict has dominated Security Council deliberations over the years. But can a collective security system intended to serve the widest interests of the community of nations remain so focused on halting wars? What about the structural factors—such as grinding poverty and the weakness of governance—that impede the development of countries and their citizens and sometimes contribute to conflict? What about the devastating new technologies of war and terrorism, whose threat transcends specific conflicts? In terms of institutional structure, can the world community tackle its agenda of threats and challenges with the main political and policy action still concentrated in one council? For that matter, can the Security Council preserve its legitimacy without adjusting its membership? As the panel answers these questions, it will outline an agenda that takes in a fuller sweep of contemporary problems and takes stock of the concerns of the entire world community.
    [Show full text]
  • ANNUAL REPORT 2013 Supporting a World in Transformation
    ANNUAL REPORT 2013 SupportING A WORLD IN TRANSFORMatION I FOREWORD III EXECUTIVE SUMMARY IV 2013 HIGHLIGHTS 01 CHAPTER I Multi-stakeholder engagement in the work of the United Nations 12 SPECIAL FOCUS “Intellectual Geneva”: UNOG as a ANNUAL REPORT platform for innovation and knowledge 15 CHAPTER II SUPPORTING A WORLD Outreach and engagement: the work of the United Nations IN TRANSFORMATION 19 SPECIAL FOCUS Engaging youth in the work 2013 of the United Nations 23 CHAPTER III UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT GENEVA Essential services supporting the work of the United Nations in Geneva and around the world 29 SPECIAL FOCUS Towards a greener, more sustainable UNOG 35 SPECIAL FOCUS Accessibility in progress 37 CHAPTER IV A platform for shaping global solutions 42 SPECIAL FOCUS The meaning of international civil service 44 SPECIAL FOCUS The UNOG Library: a hub for the sharing of intellectual and cultural knowledge 49 IN FOCUS Cultural activities at UNOG: a window to the world 56 ANNEX I Organization Chart United Nations Office at Geneva 57 ANNEX II Useful Contacts 58 United Nations system in Geneva and main partners ANNUAL REPORT 2013 ForeworD SupportING A WORLD IN TRANSFORMatION SupportING I FOREWORD III EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A WORLD IN IV 2013 HIGHLIGHTS TRANSFORMatION 01 CHAPTER I (UN Photo/Violaine Martin) Multi-stakeholder engagement in the work of the United Nations 12 SPECIAL FOCUS “Intellectual Geneva”: UNOG as a Our world is in transformation. The year 2013 was and enhancing the work of the United Nations in Geneva platform for innovation and knowledge certainly representative of this fact. Economic, political, through partnerships, will endure far into the future demographic and environmental challenges continue to and I pay tribute to his important contribution.
    [Show full text]
  • Report of the Secretary-General I. List of Responsibilities of the Focal Points
    As of 9-Apr-21 Supplementary information to report A/75/798 on multilingualism Seventy-fifth session Item 129 of the agenda Multilingualism Report of the Secretary-General Supplementary Information1 I. List of responsibilities of the focal points for multilingualism in the UN Secretariat 1) providing support to their head of entity in implementing relevant mandates and ensuring that multilingualism is mainstreamed in their entity’s work plans and their daily activities; 2) promoting greater awareness of all stakeholders in their entity about relevant mandates and the benefits generated by multilingualism at the organizational and work unit levels; 3) monitoring and reporting periodically on progress made in implementing mandates relating to multilingualism as well as on obstacles, challenges or opportunities identified in the promotion of multilingualism; 4) contributing to the development and realization of short and long-term multilingualism targets as set out in their head of entity’s compacts with the Secretary-General, and other action plans / accountability documents as applicable; 5) seeking creative solutions and measures for implementation of the General Assembly’s mandates including by establishing partnerships with external stakeholders, such as other international organizations, Member States and academic institutions; 6) engaging within other Secretariat entities through the network of focal points under the stewardship of the Coordinator, to help assess progress achieved, share best practices, identify obstacles and discuss, where appropriate, policies and approaches. 7) disseminating communications from the Coordinator for Multilingualism within their respective entities and coordinating their entity’s response as needed, including in relation with language celebrations and the preparation of the biennial report of the Secretary-General on multilingualism.
    [Show full text]
  • The United Nations Guide to the Youth Delegate Programme
    The United Nations Guide to the Youth Delegate Programme 2nd Edition DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS The Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) of the United Nations Secretariat is a vital interface between global policies in the economic, social and environmental spheres and national action. The Department works in three main interlinked areas: (i) it compiles, generates and analyses a wide range of economic, social and environmental data and information on which States Members of the United Nations draw to review common problems and to take stock of policy options; (ii) it facilitates the negoti- ations of Member States in many intergovernmental bodies on joint courses of action to address ongoing or emerging global challenges; and (iii) it advises interested Governments on the ways and means of translating policy frameworks developed in United Nations conferences and summits into programmes at the country level and, through technical assistance, helps build national capacities. NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of the material in the present publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country or territory or of its authorities or concerning the delimita- tions of its frontiers. The term “country” as used in the text of this report also refers, as appropriate, to territories or areas. The designations of country groups in the text and the tables are intended solely for statistical or analytical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process.
    [Show full text]