Six Unpublished Letters of Queen Henrietta Maria
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
1 the NAVY in the ENGLISH CIVIL WAR Submitted by Michael James
1 THE NAVY IN THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR Submitted by Michael James Lea-O’Mahoney, to the University of Exeter, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in September 2011. This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. 2 ABSTRACT This thesis is concerned chiefly with the military role of sea power during the English Civil War. Parliament’s seizure of the Royal Navy in 1642 is examined in detail, with a discussion of the factors which led to the King’s loss of the fleet and the consequences thereafter. It is concluded that Charles I was outmanoeuvred politically, whilst Parliament’s choice to command the fleet, the Earl of Warwick, far surpassed him in popularity with the common seamen. The thesis then considers the advantages which control of the Navy provided for Parliament throughout the war, determining that the fleet’s protection of London, its ability to supply besieged outposts and its logistical support to Parliamentarian land forces was instrumental in preventing a Royalist victory. Furthermore, it is concluded that Warwick’s astute leadership went some way towards offsetting Parliament’s sporadic neglect of the Navy. The thesis demonstrates, however, that Parliament failed to establish the unchallenged command of the seas around the British Isles. -
Debating the Free Sea in London, Paris, the Hague and Venice Van Ittersum, Martine Julia
University of Dundee Debating the Free Sea in London, Paris, The Hague and Venice Van Ittersum, Martine Julia Published in: History of European Ideas DOI: 10.1080/01916599.2021.1871930 Publication date: 2021 Licence: CC BY-NC-ND Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication in Discovery Research Portal Citation for published version (APA): Van Ittersum, M. J. (2021). Debating the Free Sea in London, Paris, The Hague and Venice: The Publication of John Selden’s Mare Clausum (1635) and Its Diplomatic Repercussions in Western Europe. History of European Ideas. https://doi.org/10.1080/01916599.2021.1871930 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in Discovery Research Portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from Discovery Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain. • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 26. Sep. 2021 History of European Ideas ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: -
The Return of the King (1658±1660)
1 The Return of the King (1658±1660) 1 The Fall of the Protectorate (September 1658±April 1659)1 `All Men wondred to see all so quiet, in so dangerous a time' wrote the Puritan minister Richard Baxter of the autumn of 1658.The death of Oliver Cromwell on 3 September signalled no discernible quickening of either royalist or repub- lican pulses.There was no sudden or general upsurge of public opinion either against the Protectorate or for a return to monarchy: `Contrary to all expec- tation both at home and abroad, this earthquake was attended with no signal alteration', recalled Charles II's Chancellor, Edward Hyde, afterwards Earl of Clarendon.2 Nor, though `all the commonwealth party' may have `cried out upon [Richard's] assuming the protectorship, as a high usurpation', was there any concerted attempt by republicans to undo what they saw as the perversion of the Good Old Cause into the tyranny of rule by a single person: `There is not a dogge that waggs his tongue, soe great a calm are wee in', observed John Thurloe, Oliver's, and now Richard's, Secretary of State.3 The Humble Petition and Advice, the Protectorate's constitution since 1657, empowered Cromwell to name his successor, but this was managed `so sleightly, as some doubt whether he did it at all' reported John Barwick, future Dean of St Paul's, in a letter to Charles II.Nevertheless, despite the want of any formal or written nomination, Richard Cromwell's succession was generally accepted not only without opposition but with signs of positive relief.The proclamation of his -
'My Friend the Gazetier': Diplomacy and News in Seventeenth-Century
chapter 18 ‘My Friend the Gazetier’: Diplomacy and News in Seventeenth-Century Europe Jason Peacey In February 1681, the English government was hunting for information about European newspapers. Its new envoy at The Hague, Thomas Plott, duly obliged by writing that “The printed paper of Leyden … I have never seen”, although he had heard that “such a paper had appeared”, and that “it had been suppressed”. That he knew this much reflected the fact that he had already made a point of getting to know “the French gazetier, who is my friend”, and who had previ- ously been a “pensionary” of the English ambassador, Henry Sidney. Indeed, Plott also added that “what news he has he always communicates to me in a manuscript, but when there is nothing worth writing he only supplies me with his gazettes, so that what intelligence he had, I can always furnish you with”. Plott concluded by adding that I have likewise another intelligencer here who is paid for it, that gives me twice a week what comes to his hands, whose original papers and likewise those of the French gazetier I shall hereafter send you, and when I return for England I shall settle a correspondence between you and them, that you may have a continuance of their news.1 That Plott’s first tasks upon reaching The Hague had included familiarising himself with European print culture, its gazetteers and its intelligencers is highly revealing, and the aim of this piece is explore the significance of this letter, and of the practices to which it alludes. -
'The Political Career of Edward Sackville, Fourth Earl of Dorset (1590-1652)'
'THE POLITICAL CAREER OF EDWARD SACKVILLE, FOURTH EARL OF DORSET (1590-1652)' BY DAVID LAWRENCE SMITH SELWYN COLLEGE A Dissertation submitted in the Faculty of History for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Michae1mas Term 1989 ABSTRACT Title: 'The Poli tical Career of Edward Sackvi1le, fourth Earl of Dorset (1590-1652)' Author: David Lawrence Smith, Selwyn College This dissertation seeks to illuminate early Stuart political history by a study of one important public figure. The fourth Earl of Dorset was a member of Charles I's Privy Council, Lord Chamberlain to Queen Henrietta Maria, and Lord Lieutenant of Sussex and Middlesex. He attended all the Parliaments of the 1620's, and sat in the Short and Long Parliaments. He was active in Court and Council throughout the 1630's, and sided with the King in the Civil War. He consistently advocated harmony and reconciliation in a period of growing polarisation. This study investigates Dorset's perception of early seventeenth century political developments, his response to them, and the reasons why he and other moderates failed to prevent civil war. It thus contributes to current debates both on the early modern peerage, and on the origins and nature of the English Civil War. The first chapter looks at Dorset's life and career up to the age of thirty. In Chapter Two a discussion of his rapid rise to political prominence during the 1620's explores the reasons for his success and the nature of his motivation. Chapter Three investigates Dorset's activities as a Privy Councillor and as the Queen's Lord Chamberlain in the 1630's. -
The Evolution of Puritan Mentality in an Essex Cloth Town: Dedham and the Stour Valley, 1560-1640
The Evolution of Puritan Mentality in an Essex Cloth Town: Dedham and the Stour Valley, 1560-1640 A.R. Pennie Submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Research conducted in the Department of History. Submitted: November, 1989. bs. 1 The Evolution of Puritan Mentality in an Essex Cloth Town: Dedham and the Stour Valley, 1560-1640 A.R. Pennie Summary of thesis The subject of this thesis is the impact of religious reformation on the inhabitants of a small urban centre, with some reference to the experience of nearby settle- ments. Dedham has a place in national history as a centre of the Elizabethan Puritan Movement but the records of the Dedham Conference (the local manifestation of that movement), also illustrate the development of Reformed religion in Dedham and associated parishes. The contents of the thesis may be divided into four sections. The first of these concerns the material life of the inhabitants of Dedham and the way in which this generated both the potential for social cohesion and the possibility of social conflict. The second section examines the attempt at parish reformation sponsored by the ministers associated with the Dedham Conference and the militant and exclusive doctrine of the Christian life elaborated by the succeeding generation of preachers. The third element of the thesis focuses on the way in which the inhabitants articulated the expression of a Reformed or Puritan piety and, on occasion, the rejection of features of that piety. The ways in which the townspeople promoted the education of their children, the relief of the poor and the acknowledgement of ties of kinship and friendship, have been examined in terms of their relationship to a collective mentality characterized by a strong commitment to 'godly' religion. -
Part 1 – a Multifaceted Career
WHO WAS DR JOHN MORE? RICHARD H. TURNER PART 1 – A MULTIFACETED CAREER John More, a Catholic recusant physician, has been a footnote figure - having left behind almost no writings of his own, a somewhat shadowy bit-part player on the early Stuart public stage. This essay draws on contemporary national, local, ecclesiastical, medical and family records, as well as subsequent historical and biographical material, to establish his contribution to the social, political and economic context of his times. Again and again paradox is encountered, exemplifying Shakespeare's observation that - in the seventeenth century at any rate - 'one man in his time plays many parts'. Underlying Dr More's activities and aspirations can be detected ambition to advance both his religion and his kin. Consequently he and his heirs became involved, over three generations, in numerous and contrasting fields of action – medicine, politics, commerce, military service, the Church, landholding. As with all human endeavour, the actual outcomes reflect the impact of unforeseeable events, social change, personal foibles, and mere chance. Part 2 of this essay examines this working out of his legacy – both religious and material – by his heirs, in search of a fuller answer to the question Who was Dr John More? The early Stuart recusant physician John More came from Thelwall on the north Cheshire border, just south of the river Mersey and a few miles east of Warrington. His origins, like much in his life, are obscure, in the sense of indistinct - how far so in the Hardyan sense of undistinguished is difficult to pin down. His parents, Edward More and Alice Mar(tin)scroft, appear to have been, at most, local gentry, with few if any pretensions to arms i - they were not listed as recusants, though Alice probably had recusant connections - and lacking wills or other documents to illuminate them. -
John Godwin, 'The Restoration and Its Impact on Bristol' (University of Bristol, Draft Phd Chapter, 2017)1 Bristol Suffered
John Godwin, UoB The Restoration and its Impact on Bristol September 2017 John Godwin, ‘The Restoration and its impact on Bristol’ (University of Bristol, draft PhD chapter, 2017)1 Bristol suffered considerably during the Civil War, enduring two sieges followed by two occupations, first by the crown forces, then the parliamentary army, which in September 1645 marched into a city suffering from a lack of food and with the plague raging. During the 1650s Bristol was a city under military occupation. Although most of the citizens were Anglican, there was a large dissenting population, including Presbyterians, Baptists, Anabaptists, Fifth Monarchists and Quakers. By the 1650s some of these had been absorbed into the leadership of the city, particularly the Presbyterians and Anabaptists who became influential members of the city council. The council itself was run by a small group of oligarchs, mostly merchants, who were self-appointing and, once appointed, normally served for life. Change was therefore slow except when particular groups came to dominate. As will be seen, that did not happen often. Indeed, major changes only occurred when two circumstances coincided; pressure from the king or parliament was needed and this had to occur at a point when a dominant local figure was willing to provide a lead. That happened less often than might be expected. Despite their wealth, civic leaders still largely lived cheek by jowl with the ordinary citizens. They plied their politics alongside the guilds and parishes and the numerous citizens involved with them. There was considerable pressure to move forwards by consensus. Oliver Cromwell died on 3 September 1658. -
Sir Francis Crane Kt. and Dr. William Davison; Patient and Doctor in Paris in 1636
Medical History, 1979, 23: 346-351. SIR FRANCIS CRANE KT. AND DR. WILLIAM DAVISON; PATIENT AND DOCTOR IN PARIS IN 1636 by LAURENCE MARTIN* THIS DUAL biographical essay concerns two outstanding men of the seventeenth century, an Englishman and a Scotsman. They made their reputations in very different walks of life and in different countries. Both were proteges of royalty; Sir Francis Crane of James I and Charles I, and William Davison of Charles I and Queen Henrietta Maria, as well as of the kings of France and Poland, to whom he was successively appointed physician. Crane was a courtier, administrator, and man of the world; Davison was a chemist, botanist, and Paracelsian physician. The two were briefly brought together in Paris in 1636 as patient and doctor. Both died in Paris; Crane in 1636 and Davison in 1669. Nothing is known of the parentage or ancestry of Sir Francis Crane (Fig. 1); neither the date and place of his birth nor his exact age at death are recorded. This is all the more remarkable because he and his relations were prominent people holding appointments in the Court, royal households and State. Thus his only brother, Richard Crane (d. 1645), was Captain and Gentleman of the Privy Chamber in the reign of Charles I and was created a baronet in 1642. His cousin, John Crane (1576- 1661) of Loughton, Bucks., was an Officer of the Admiralty and Surveyor General of Victuals for all ships. He had been a servant of Queen Elizabeth I before becoming Chief Clerk of the Green Cloth to James I, Charles I, and Charles II. -
Manuscripts Collected by Thomas Birch (B. 1705, D. 1766)
British Library: Western Manuscripts Manuscripts collected by Thomas Birch (b. 1705, d. 1766), D.D., and bequeathed by him to the British Museum, of which he was a Trustee from 1753 until his death ([1200-1799]) (Add MS 4101-4478) Table of Contents Manuscripts collected by Thomas Birch (b. 1705, d. 1766), D.D., and bequeathed by him to the British Museum, of which he was a Trustee from 1753 until his death ([1200–1799]) Key Details........................................................................................................................................ 1 Provenance........................................................................................................................................ 1 Add MS 4106–4107 TRANSCRIPTS OF STATE PAPERS and letters from public and private collections, made by or for Birch, together with.................................................................................... 8 Add MS 4109–4124 ANTHONY BACON TRANSCRIPTS.Transcripts and extracts of the correspondence of Anthony Bacon (d. 1601), chiefly in..................................................................................................... 19 Add MS 4128–4130 ESSEX (DEVEREUX) PAPERSTranscripts of original letters and papers in the British Museum, Lambeth Palace Library,............................................................................................. 32 Add MS 4133–4146 FORBES PAPERS. Vols. II–XV.4133–4146. Collections of Dr. Patrick Forbes, consisting of lists, copies, etc., of....................................................................................................... -
Correspondence of Sir Edward Nicholas
CORKESPONDENCE SIB EDWARD NICHOLAS SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS." To SIR EDW. HYDE. & Jan., N. s., 1653. Six of the Provinces are willing to send some small supply into Add.4 180,182. Scotland; but that of Holland hath taken time to consider of it. .... Those of Holland have great expectation of some good fruits by Doleman'sb negotiation in England. I believe that such a little Treatise or Discourse as you mention,0 shewing that the Sovereign Power in England being invested no- where, and alterable upon every accident by the change of an * As in TOI. i. (ii. p. ii.) all matter taken from Dr. Birch's extracts (Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 4180) out of Nicholas's lost letter-books is marked by an asterisk in the margin Nicholas at this time was at the Hague. b Lieut.-Col. Thomas Dolman or Doleman, sent to England in Dec. 1652, to arrange a treaty with the United Provinces (see an account of him in Aa, Biogr. Woorderiboelt, iv. p. 240). Hyde feared him a3 a man of parts, with credit enough to do mischief (Cat. Clar. St. Pap. ii. pp. 162, 170). Some of his intercepted corre- spondence is in Thurloe, vol. i., together with a letter (p. 576) from Beverning recommending him to De "Witt, and stating that he was supported by the bounty of Cromwell. c See Hyde's letter of 20 Dec. 1652 {Clar. St. Pap. iii. p. 128). CAMD. SOC. VOL. II. B 2 NICHOLAS PAPERS. 1653. officer of the army or the like, being written merely (as you ssiy) on the grounds of general reason and the pure interest of these countries or of France, might do much good both there with you and in these countries, if a good pen would undertake it. -
The Montagus and the Great West Doors of Bath Abbey” Online
The Manor of Lackham Vol 3 : The Montagu family The Manor of Lackham – Volume 3 The Montagus of Lackham and their historical connections by Tony Pratt and Karen Repko Last update : March 23, 2019 Wiltshire College Lackham 2010 1 The Manor of Lackham Vol 3 : The Montagu family This investigation of the history of the manor of Lackham, close to Chippenham and next to Lacock in Wiltshire, started with the current author’s “The Bluets ; a baronial family and their historical connections 1066- 1400 1” and was continued in “The Baynards : a county family and their historical connections 1360 – 1650 2.” This work takes the story through the period of the Civil War and the Enlightenment to Canal Mania and on into the early part of the nineteenth century. For biographies of the authors see the Introduction to Vol. 1 “The Bluets”. Both of the previous volumes in this history, and others, are held by Wiltshire Libraries, the Wiltshire & Swindon History Centre in Chippenham and online at http://www.lackham.co.uk/history/documents.asp As always we owe enormous debts of gratitude to the people who helped by their willingness to give freely of their time, expertise and knowledge, and without whom this volume would not have been possible. Individual credits and thanks are given in the footnotes. Not credited specifically are the archivists and staff at all the record offices and libraries consulted and who were unfailingly helpful above and beyond that which might be expected. We are very lucky to have such dedicated and knowledgeable people around and we would express our very sincere gratitude to everyone who helped.