Relationship Between Knowledge of Proper Condom Use And
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE OF PROPER CONDOM USE AND BEHAVIOUR AMONG STUDENTS OF KIRINYAGA UNIVERSITY BY MOLLY MUIGA A Research Proposal Submitted in Partial Fulfillment for the Award of Master’s degree in Psychology (Health Psychology) in the Department of Psychology of University of Nairobi 2017 DECLARATION I declare that this research project is my original work and has not been presented for a degree in any other University Signed: Date: NAME: MOLLY MUIGA Department of Psychology of University of Nairobi. Supervisors Declaration This research dissertation has been submitted for examination with my approval as university supervisor. Signed: Date: Name: Dr. CHARLES KIMAMO Senior Lecturer Department of Psychology University of Nairobi ii DEDICATION This research project is dedicated to my beloved daughter Prudence and Muiga family. Their forbearance of my inevitable absence from them while working on my project was a source of encouragement and determination for me to complete this document. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT My gratitude goes to my superior Dr. Charles Kimamo for the specialized guidance, patience and many hours spent in supervising me throughout the project. I want to appreciate all staffs of the department of psychology, University of Nairobi for their support. I acknowledge the management of Kirinyaga University for their support during the data collection phase, staffs and students of Kirinyaga University for their support and participation respectively. I recognize my Family and colleagues for their endless inspiration and support during writing of the research project. I acknowledge the faithfulness of God throughout the research period. Lastly my gratitude goes to all those who participated in any way. May God bless you all. iv ABSTRACT Proper and consistent condom use has been proved to decreases the risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) transmission and unintended pregnancy to almost 100%. However Condom use remain low among youths and Statistics show that the number of abortions is high It is estimated that Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya recorded 2.4 million abortion cases in 2016. In Kenya, Kirinyaga University has embarked on health education and supply of condoms to its students as an intervention to reduce STDs and unwanted pregnancies. Despite this intervention the students continually contracted STIs and unwanted pregnancies leading to abortions and high use of emergency contraceptives pills according to the institution’s clinic medical report, 2015/2016. The current study objectives were to find out the level of knowledge on proper condom use, to establish the consistence of proper condom use and to the attitude towards condom use among the students of Kirinyaga University. The theoretical frame work for the study was protection motivation theory by Rogers (1983). The study included only undergraduate students in session. The target population was 2565 and sample size was 132. Simple random sampling was used to select the respondents that participated in the study. The study adopted descriptive cross- sectional design. Data collection was done through questionnaires. The instrument validity and reliability was through, a pilot study where the researcher used Kirinyaga University diploma students. Information was analyzed using both descriptive statistics with help of SPSS 21.0. Quantitative data was analyzed using means, percentages and chi-square test. The findings show respondents had adequate knowledge on condom use but failed to use condoms consistently due to several reasons, most important one being unplanned sex. Additionally students held a negative attitude towards condom use especially when the risk of pregnancy is eliminated and are in stable relationship ‘trusted partner’. Lastly there was a positive correlation between actual condom use, knowledge and attitude. The results will be shared with Kirinyaga University, NACOSTI, NACC and NASCOP through County office. v TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION........................................................................................................................... ii DEDICATION.............................................................................................................................. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................................................... iv ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... v LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... ix LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................... xi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .................................................................. xii CHAPTER ONE ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background of the study ........................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem .......................................................................................................... 4 1.3 Research Objectives .................................................................................................................. 5 1.4 Research Questions ................................................................................................................... 5 1.5 Study Justification ..................................................................................................................... 5 1.6 Significance of the Study .......................................................................................................... 6 1.7 Scope and Limitation of the Study............................................................................................ 6 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................ 8 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Knowledge on proper condom use ........................................................................................... 8 2.3 Prevalence of HIV versus condom use ................................................................................... 11 2.4 Consistency of proper Condom Use ....................................................................................... 12 2.5 Attitude towards Condoms Use .............................................................................................. 14 2.6 Theoretical Frame Work: Protection Motivation Theory ....................................................... 15 2.7 Conceptual Framework ........................................................................................................... 16 CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ......................................................... 18 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 18 3.2 Research Design...................................................................................................................... 18 vi 3.3 Study Area .............................................................................................................................. 19 3.4 Population and Sample selection ............................................................................................ 19 3.4.1 Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria ............................................................................................. 19 3.5 Research Instrument................................................................................................................ 19 3.6 Data Collection ....................................................................................................................... 20 3.7 Pilot Study ............................................................................................................................... 20 3.8 Data Analysis .......................................................................................................................... 21 3.9 Ethical Consideration .............................................................................................................. 22 CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION OF THE FINDINGS .......................... 23 4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 23 4.2. Response Rate ........................................................................................................................ 23 4.3 Demographic Information ....................................................................................................... 23 4.4 Level of Knowledge on Condom Use ..................................................................................... 25 4.5 Consistency of Condom Use ................................................................................................... 31 4.6 Attitude toward Condom Use ................................................................................................