Variation in Leaf Functional Traits Is Attributable to Species
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Number of Plant Species That Correspond with Data Obtained from at Least Two Other Participants
Promotor: Prof. Dr. ir. Patrick Van Damme Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of Plant Production Laboratory of Tropical and Sub-Tropical Agriculture and Ethnobotany Coupure links 653 B-9000 Gent, Belgium ([email protected]) Co-Promotor: Dr. Ina Vandebroek Institute of Economic Botany The New York Botanical Garden Bronx River Parkway at Fordham Road Bronx, New York 10458, USA ([email protected]) Chairman of the Jury: Prof. Dr. ir. Norbert De Kimpe Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of Organic Chemistry Coupure links 653 B-9000 Gent, Belgium ([email protected]) Members of the Jury: Prof. Dr. ir. Christian Vogl Prof. Dr. Paul Goetghebeur University of Natural Resources and Faculty of Science Applied Life Sciences Department of Biology Institut für Ökologischen Landbau K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 Gregor Mendelstrasse 33 B-9000 Gent, Belgium A-1180, Vienna, Austria ([email protected]) ([email protected]) Prof. Dr. Mieke Verbeken Prof. Dr. ir. François Malaisse Faculty of Science Faculté Universitaire des Sciences Department of Biology Agronomiques K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 Laboratoire d’Ecologie B-9000 Gent, Belgium Passage des Déportés, 2 ([email protected]) B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium ([email protected]) Prof. Dr. ir. Dirk Reheul Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of Plant Production Coupure links 653 B-9000 Gent, Belgium ([email protected]) Dean: Prof. Dr. ir. Herman Van Langenhove Rector: Prof. Dr. Paul Van Cauwenberge THOMAS EVERT QUANTITATIVE ETHNOBOTANICAL RESEARCH -
Chec List What Survived from the PLANAFLORO Project
Check List 10(1): 33–45, 2014 © 2014 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution What survived from the PLANAFLORO Project: PECIES S Angiosperms of Rondônia State, Brazil OF 1* 2 ISTS L Samuel1 UniCarleialversity of Konstanz, and Narcísio Department C.of Biology, Bigio M842, PLZ 78457, Konstanz, Germany. [email protected] 2 Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Campus José Ribeiro Filho, BR 364, Km 9.5, CEP 76801-059. Porto Velho, RO, Brasil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: The Rondônia Natural Resources Management Project (PLANAFLORO) was a strategic program developed in partnership between the Brazilian Government and The World Bank in 1992, with the purpose of stimulating the sustainable development and protection of the Amazon in the state of Rondônia. More than a decade after the PLANAFORO program concluded, the aim of the present work is to recover and share the information from the long-abandoned plant collections made during the project’s ecological-economic zoning phase. Most of the material analyzed was sterile, but the fertile voucher specimens recovered are listed here. The material examined represents 378 species in 234 genera and 76 families of angiosperms. Some 8 genera, 68 species, 3 subspecies and 1 variety are new records for Rondônia State. It is our intention that this information will stimulate future studies and contribute to a better understanding and more effective conservation of the plant diversity in the southwestern Amazon of Brazil. Introduction The PLANAFLORO Project funded botanical expeditions In early 1990, Brazilian Amazon was facing remarkably in different areas of the state to inventory arboreal plants high rates of forest conversion (Laurance et al. -
Biomass and Nutrient Pools of Canopy and Terrestrial Components in a Primary and a Secondary Montane Cloud Forest, Costa Rica Nallini M
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ELSEWER Forest Ecology and Management 198 (2004) 223-236 ww.elsevier.co~~1ate/~oreco Biomass and nutrient pools of canopy and terrestrial components in a primary and a secondary montane cloud forest, Costa Rica Nallini M. PJadkarnia-*,Douglas Schaefers, Teri J. Matelson', Rodrigo solanob "ntc Eve~reenStare Cnil~ge~Olv~npra, WA 98505, USA h~onleverde,Apnnodo 5655. Su$rtu. E1~'luna.Pruriorenos, Ca.~tnRlcn Received 27 July 2003, received in revised form 1 September 2003; accepted 27 April 2004 Abstract Canopy-dwelling epiphytes and their associated dead organic matter exist as complex subsystems of many forests. but they have only rarely been quanritied in rhe context of the whole ecosyqtem. Wca~sessedthe biomass and nutrient capital of canopy- dwellrng and terrestrially rooted components afa primary and an adjacent secondary montane forest in Monteverde, Costa Rica. %tal ahnvcground terrestrislly rooted biomass (dry wetght) was 490.1 and 151 t ha-' in thc pnmary and secondary forest, respectively. The pdmory foreqt supponed a total canopy biomass of 33.1 t ha-'; the secondary forc~tsupported only 0.5% of that. 0.2 t ha-'. Tmnk and branch epiphyte biomass in the primary forcst was over 40 times and 100 times greater than trunk and branch epiphyte biomass in the secondary forest. The bulk (ca. 95%) of the ecosystem biornasq in trunkand bmch wood, which is slower to decompore than the nnn-woody. labile components of foliage and non-woody epiphytes. In contrast to the primary forest. whcredcad organic matler (crown humus. intcrccpted litterfall) compri~edover 60% of thc total epiphytic matenal, there were only trace amounts in the secondary forest. -
35. ORCHIDACEAE/SCAPHYGLOTTIS 301 PSYGMORCHIS Dods
35. ORCHIDACEAE/SCAPHYGLOTTIS 301 PSYGMORCHIS Dods. & Dressl. each segment, usually only the uppermost persisting, linear, 5-25 cm long, 1.5-4.5 mm broad, obscurely emar- Psygmorchis pusilla (L.) Dods. & Dressl., Phytologia ginate at apex. Inflorescences single flowers or more com- 24:288. 1972 monly few-flowered fascicles or abbreviated, few-flowered Oncidium pusillum (L.) Reichb.f. racemes, borne at apex of stems; flowers white, 3.5-4.5 Dwarf epiphyte, to 8 cm tall; pseudobulbs lacking. Leaves mm long; sepals 3-4.5 mm long, 1-2 mm wide; petals as ± dense, spreading like a fan, equitant, ± linear, 2-6 cm long as sepals, 0.5-1 mm wide; lip 3.5-5 mm long, 2-3.5 long, to 1 cm wide. Inflorescences 1-6 from base of mm wide, entire or obscurely trilobate; column narrowly leaves, about equaling leaves, consisting of long scapes, winged. Fruits oblong-elliptic, ca 1 cm long (including the apices with several acute, strongly compressed, im- the long narrowly tapered base), ca 2 mm wide. Croat bricating sheaths; flowers produced in succession from 8079. axils of sheaths; flowers 2-2.5 cm long; sepals free, Common in the forest, usually high in trees. Flowers spreading, bright yellow, keeled and apiculate, the dorsal in the early dry season (December to March), especially sepal ca 5 mm long, nearly as wide, the lateral sepals in January and February. The fruits mature in the middle 4-5 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, hidden by lateral lobes to late dry season. of lip; petals to 8 mm long and 4 mm wide, bright yellow Confused with S. -
Acetolysed Thin Layer Of
Pollen morphology of the genus Hydnocarpus (Flacourtiaceae) with notes on related genera J. Schaeffer Rijksherbarium, Leiden Contents Summary 65 I Introduction 65 II General morphology 66 III Systematic descriptions 66 IV Pollen types 76 Pollen and V morphology taxonomy 77 References 79 Summary Pollen of ofthe described. Two grains 34 species genus Hydnocarpus(Flacourtiaceae) are pollen types, one of which is subdivided in two subtypes, are distinguished. Within Flacourtiaceae the pollen of Hydnocarpus In is more or less isolated, but the related genus Chlorocarpa has rather similar pollen. sculpture there exists some resemblance to Paropsia (Passifloraceae). I. Introduction The present study forms part of a general pollenmorphological survey of the family Flacourtiaceae, initiated at the Rijksherbarium in collaboration with Dr. H. Sleumer. The selected for the first detailed because genus Hydnocarpus was study it proved to have rather characteristic pollen types and is concentrated in SE. Asia and the Malesian region. Moreover, an adequate amountof well-determinedmaterial as well as a recent revision ot In the genus (Sleumer, 1954) were available. total 34 species could be investigated, of the total numberof known. representing 85 % species In addition, the pollen of a large other number of Flacourtiaceae was cursorily examined, in order to asses the pollen of within the morphological relationships Hydnocarpus family. The pollen of the genera and which resemble that of described Neoptychocarpus Chlorocarpa, Hydnocarpus most, is in more detail. Erdtman described Previously, only (1952) has, very briefly, the pollen of Hydnocarpus rather the elmeri which, however, proved to be atypical of genus. The pollen material was acetolysed for two minutes, mounted in glycerin jelly and photographed with a Leitz apochromatic OI objective (90/1.40). -
Additions to the Flora of Panama, with Comments on Plant Collections and Information Gaps
15 4 NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Check List 15 (4): 601–627 https://doi.org/10.15560/15.4.601 Additions to the flora of Panama, with comments on plant collections and information gaps Orlando O. Ortiz1, Rodolfo Flores2, Gordon McPherson3, Juan F. Carrión4, Ernesto Campos-Pineda5, Riccardo M. Baldini6 1 Herbario PMA, Universidad de Panamá, Vía Simón Bolívar, Panama City, Panama Province, Estafeta Universitaria, Panama. 2 Programa de Maestría en Biología Vegetal, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, El Cabrero, David City, Chiriquí Province, Panama. 3 Herbarium, Missouri Botanical Garden, 4500 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri, MO 63166-0299, USA. 4 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Avenida Transnordestina s/n, Novo Horizonte, 44036-900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. 5 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Luis Clement Avenue (Ancón, Tupper 401), Panama City, Panama Province, Panama. 6 Centro Studi Erbario Tropicale (FT herbarium) and Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Firenze, Via La Pira 4, 50121, Firenze, Italy. Corresponding author: Orlando O. Ortiz, [email protected]. Abstract In the present study, we report 46 new records of vascular plants species from Panama. The species belong to the fol- lowing families: Anacardiaceae, Apocynaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Araceae, Bignoniaceae, Burseraceae, Caryocaraceae, Celastraceae, Chrysobalanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Erythroxylaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Gentianaceae, Laciste- mataceae, Lauraceae, Malpighiaceae, Malvaceae, Marattiaceae, Melastomataceae, Moraceae, Myrtaceae, Ochnaceae, Orchidaceae, Passifloraceae, Peraceae, Poaceae, Portulacaceae, Ranunculaceae, Salicaceae, Sapindaceae, Sapotaceae, Solanaceae, and Violaceae. Additionally, the status of plant collections in Panama is discussed; we focused on the areas where we identified significant information gaps regarding real assessments of plant biodiversity in the country. -
A Taxonomic Comparison of Local Habitat Niches of Tropical Trees
Oecologia (2013) 173:1491–1498 DOI 10.1007/s00442-013-2709-5 COMMUNITY ECOLOGY - ORIGINAL RESEARCH A taxonomic comparison of local habitat niches of tropical trees Claire A. Baldeck · Steven W. Kembel · Kyle E. Harms · Joseph B. Yavitt · Robert John · Benjamin L. Turner · George B. Chuyong · David Kenfack · Duncan W. Thomas · Sumedha Madawala · Nimal Gunatilleke · Savitri Gunatilleke · Sarayudh Bunyavejchewin · Somboon Kiratiprayoon · Adzmi Yaacob · Mohd. N. Nur Supardi · Renato Valencia · Hugo Navarrete · Stuart J. Davies · Stephen P. Hubbell · James W. Dalling Received: 2 March 2012 / Accepted: 6 June 2013 / Published online: 13 July 2013 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Abstract The integration of ecology and evolution- forest dynamics plots. Niche overlap values, indicating the ary biology requires an understanding of the evolutionary similarity of two species’ distributions along soil or topo- lability in species’ ecological niches. For tropical trees, graphic axes, were calculated for all pairwise combinations specialization for particular soil resource and topographic of co-occurring tree species at each study site. Congeneric conditions is an important part of the habitat niche, influ- species pairs often showed greater niche overlap (i.e., more encing the distributions of individual species and overall similar niches) than non-congeneric pairs along both soil tree community structure at the local scale. However, little and topographic axes, though significant effects were found is known about how these habitat niches are related to the for only five sites based on Mantel tests. No evidence for evolutionary history of species. We assessed the relation- taxonomic effects was found at the family level. Our results ship between taxonomic rank and tree species’ soil resource indicate that local habitat niches of trees exhibit varying and topographic niches in eight large (24–50 ha) tropical degrees of phylogenetic signal at different sites, which may have important ramifications for the phylogenetic structure Communicated by Walt Carson. -
New Species Discoveries in the Amazon 2014-15
WORKINGWORKING TOGETHERTOGETHER TO TO SHARE SCIENTIFICSCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIESDISCOVERIES UPDATE AND COMPILATION OF THE LIST UNTOLD TREASURES: NEW SPECIES DISCOVERIES IN THE AMAZON 2014-15 WWF is one of the world’s largest and most experienced independent conservation organisations, WWF Living Amazon Initiative Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável with over five million supporters and a global network active in more than 100 countries. WWF’s Mamirauá (Mamirauá Institute of Leader mission is to stop the degradation of the planet’s natural environment and to build a future Sustainable Development) Sandra Charity in which humans live in harmony with nature, by conserving the world’s biological diversity, General director ensuring that the use of renewable natural resources is sustainable, and promoting the reduction Communication coordinator Helder Lima de Queiroz of pollution and wasteful consumption. Denise Oliveira Administrative director Consultant in communication WWF-Brazil is a Brazilian NGO, part of an international network, and committed to the Joyce de Souza conservation of nature within a Brazilian social and economic context, seeking to strengthen Mariana Gutiérrez the environmental movement and to engage society in nature conservation. In August 2016, the Technical scientific director organization celebrated 20 years of conservation work in the country. WWF Amazon regional coordination João Valsecchi do Amaral Management and development director The Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá (IDSM – Mamirauá Coordinator Isabel Soares de Sousa Institute for Sustainable Development) was established in April 1999. It is a civil society Tarsicio Granizo organization that is supported and supervised by the Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation, and Communications, and is one of Brazil’s major research centres. -
A New Miocene Malpighialean Tree from Panama
Rodriguez-ReyesIAWA Journal et al. – New38 (4), Miocene 2017: malpighialean437–455 wood 437 Panascleroticoxylon crystallosa gen. et sp. nov.: a new Miocene malpighialean tree from Panama Oris Rodriguez-Reyes1, 2, Peter Gasson3, Carolyn Thornton4, Howard J. Falcon-Lang5, and Nathan A. Jud6 1Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón Republic of Panamá 2Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad de Panamá, Apartado 000 17, Panamá 0824, Panamá 3Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, United Kingdom 4Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument, P.O. Box 185, 15807 Teller County Road 1, Florissant, CO 80816, U.S.A. 5Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom 6L.H. Bailey Hortorium, Department of Plant Biology, 412 Mann Library Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A. *Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT We report fossil wood specimens from two Miocene sites in Panama, Central America: Hodges Hill (Cucaracha Formation; Burdigalian, c.19 Ma) and Lago Alajuela (Alajuela Formation; Tortonian, c.10 Ma), where material is preserved as calcic and silicic permineralizations, respectively. The fossils show an unusual combination of features: diffuse porous vessel arrangement, simple perforation plates, alternate intervessel pitting, vessel–ray parenchyma pits either with much reduced borders or similar to the intervessel pits, abundant sclerotic tyloses, rays markedly heterocellular with long uniseriate tails, and rare to absent axial parenchyma. This combination of features allows assignment of the fossils to Malpighiales, and we note similarities with four predominantly tropical families: Salicaceae, Achariaceae, and especially, Phyllanthaceae, and Euphorbiaceae. -
Multilayered Structure of Tension Wood Cell Walls in Salicaceae Sensu Lato
Multilayered structure of tension wood cell walls in Salicaceae sensu lato and its taxonomic significance Barbara Ghislain, Eric-André Nicolini, Raïssa Romain, Julien Ruelle, Arata Yoshinaga, Mac H. Alford, Bruno Clair To cite this version: Barbara Ghislain, Eric-André Nicolini, Raïssa Romain, Julien Ruelle, Arata Yoshinaga, et al.. Mul- tilayered structure of tension wood cell walls in Salicaceae sensu lato and its taxonomic significance. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, Linnean Society of London, 2016, 182 (4), pp.744-756. 10.1111/boj.12471. hal-01392845 HAL Id: hal-01392845 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01392845 Submitted on 4 Nov 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Multilayered structure of tension wood cell walls in Salicaceae sensu lato and its taxonomic significance Barbara Ghislain1*, Eric-André Nicolini2, Raïssa Romain1, Julien Ruelle3, Arata Yoshinaga4, Mac H. Alford5, Bruno Clair1 1 CNRS, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, Cirad, INRA, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97310 Kourou, France 2 CIRAD, AMAP, botAnique et bioinforMatique de l’Architecture des Plantes, Campus Agronomique BP 701, 97387 Kourou, French Guiana, France 3 INRA, Laboratoire d’Etude des Ressources Forêt-Bois (LERFoB), 54280 Champenoux, Nancy, France 4 Laboratory of Tree Cell Biology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo- ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan 5 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive #5018, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, U.S.A. -
Plant DNA Barcodes and a Community Phylogeny of a Tropical Forest Dynamics Plot in Panama
Plant DNA barcodes and a community phylogeny of a tropical forest dynamics plot in Panama W. John Kressa,1, David L. Ericksona, F. Andrew Jonesb,c, Nathan G. Swensond, Rolando Perezb, Oris Sanjurb, and Eldredge Berminghamb aDepartment of Botany, MRC-166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012; bSmithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092, Balboa Anco´n, Republic of Panama´; cImperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, United Kingdom; and dCenter for Tropical Forest Science - Asia Program, Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138 Communicated by Daniel H. Janzen, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, September 3, 2009 (received for review May 13, 2009) The assembly of DNA barcode libraries is particularly relevant pling: the conserved coding locus will easily align over all taxa within species-rich natural communities for which accurate species in a community sample to establish deep phylogenetic branches identifications will enable detailed ecological forensic studies. In whereas the hypervariable region of the DNA barcode will align addition, well-resolved molecular phylogenies derived from these more easily within nested subsets of closely related species and DNA barcode sequences have the potential to improve investiga- permit relationships to be inferred among the terminal branches tions of the mechanisms underlying community assembly and of the tree. functional trait evolution. To date, no studies have effectively In this respect a supermatrix design (8, 9) is ideal for using a applied DNA barcodes sensu strictu in this manner. In this report, mixture of coding genes and intergenic spacers for phylogenetic we demonstrate that a three-locus DNA barcode when applied to reconstruction across the broadest evolutionary distances, as in 296 species of woody trees, shrubs, and palms found within the the construction of community phylogenies (10). -
(SALICACEAE) Laurence J
THE IDENTITY AND TYPIFICATION OF VALLIERA TRIPLINERVIS (SALICACEAE) Laurence J. Dorr Mac H. Alford Department of Botany Department of Biological Sciences National Museum of Natural History, MRC-166 The University of Southern Mississippi Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012 118 College Drive, Box 5018 Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, U.S.A. Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, U.S.A. [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT The genus Valliera is reduced to synonymy under Neosprucea. Its sole species, V. triplinervis, is considered to be conspecific with N. grandi- flora. A lectotype is designated for the former species name. KEY WORDS: Neosprucea, Salicaceae, South America, Valliera RESUMEN El género Valliera se reduce a sinonimia bajo Neosprucea. Su única especie, V. triplinervis, se considera conespecífica con N. grandifolia. Se designa un lectotipo para el nombre de la especie anterior. PALABRAS CLAVES: Neosprucea, Salicaceae, South America, Valliera The monotypic genus Valliera Ruiz & Pav. was published posthumously in the fifth volume of theFlora Peruviana, et Chilensis (Ruiz & Pavon 1958, 1959), the original 19th century manuscript resurrected by Alvarez López who also provided brief introductory notes. The authors of the generic name were not explicit about its family placement; they included it in “Polyandria Monogynia” and inserted it between descriptions of species of Marcgraviaceae and Muntingiaceae. Original material (MA [MA815601], see JSTOR-Plants 2018; P [P06822531], see MNHN 2018) is annotated “Muntingia accedens,” which indicates that Ruiz and Pavon recognized a similarity to Muntingia L. (Muntingiaceae). Valliera was assigned to Tiliaceae in Index Kewensis (Taylor 1966), and this is where it is placed in several other indices (Farr et al.