(SALICACEAE) Laurence J
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Populusspp. Family: Salicaceae Aspen
Populus spp. Family: Salicaceae Aspen Aspen (the genus Populus) is composed of 35 species which contain the cottonwoods and poplars. Species in this group are native to Eurasia/north Africa [25], Central America [2] and North America [8]. All species look alike microscopically. The word populus is the classical Latin name for the poplar tree. Populus grandidentata-American aspen, aspen, bigtooth aspen, Canadian poplar, large poplar, largetooth aspen, large-toothed poplar, poplar, white poplar Populus tremuloides-American aspen, American poplar, aspen, aspen poplar, golden aspen, golden trembling aspen, leaf aspen, mountain aspen, poplar, popple, quaking asp, quaking aspen, quiver-leaf, trembling aspen, trembling poplar, Vancouver aspen, white poplar Distribution Quaking aspen ranges from Alaska through Canada and into the northeastern and western United States. In North America, it occurs as far south as central Mexico at elevations where moisture is adequate and summers are sufficiently cool. The more restricted range of bigtooth aspen includes southern Canada and the northern United States, from the Atlantic coast west to the prairie. The Tree Aspens can reproduce sexually, yielding seeds, or asexually, producing suckers (clones) from their root system. In some cases, a stand could then be composed of only one individual, genetically, and could be many years old and cover 100 acres (40 hectares) or more. Most aspen stands are a mosaic of several clones. Aspen can reach heights of 120 ft (48 m), with a diameter of 4 ft (1.6 m). Aspen trunks can be quite cylindrical, with little taper and few limbs for most of their length. They also can be very crooked or contorted, due to genetic variability. -
Towards an Understanding of the Evolution of Violaceae from an Anatomical and Morphological Perspective Saul Ernesto Hoyos University of Missouri-St
University of Missouri, St. Louis IRL @ UMSL Theses Graduate Works 8-7-2011 Towards an understanding of the evolution of Violaceae from an anatomical and morphological perspective Saul Ernesto Hoyos University of Missouri-St. Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://irl.umsl.edu/thesis Recommended Citation Hoyos, Saul Ernesto, "Towards an understanding of the evolution of Violaceae from an anatomical and morphological perspective" (2011). Theses. 50. http://irl.umsl.edu/thesis/50 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Works at IRL @ UMSL. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of IRL @ UMSL. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Saul E. Hoyos Gomez MSc. Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, University of Missouri-Saint Louis, 2011 Thesis Submitted to The Graduate School at the University of Missouri – St. Louis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science July 2011 Advisory Committee Peter Stevens, Ph.D. Chairperson Peter Jorgensen, Ph.D. Richard Keating, Ph.D. TOWARDS AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE BASAL EVOLUTION OF VIOLACEAE FROM AN ANATOMICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE Saul Hoyos Introduction The violet family, Violaceae, are predominantly tropical and contains 23 genera and upwards of 900 species (Feng 2005, Tukuoka 2008, Wahlert and Ballard 2010 in press). The family is monophyletic (Feng 2005, Tukuoka 2008, Wahlert & Ballard 2010 in press), even though phylogenetic relationships within Violaceae are still unclear (Feng 2005, Tukuoka 2008). The family embrace a great diversity of vegetative and floral morphologies. Members are herbs, lianas or trees, with flowers ranging from strongly spurred to unspurred. -
Number of Plant Species That Correspond with Data Obtained from at Least Two Other Participants
Promotor: Prof. Dr. ir. Patrick Van Damme Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of Plant Production Laboratory of Tropical and Sub-Tropical Agriculture and Ethnobotany Coupure links 653 B-9000 Gent, Belgium ([email protected]) Co-Promotor: Dr. Ina Vandebroek Institute of Economic Botany The New York Botanical Garden Bronx River Parkway at Fordham Road Bronx, New York 10458, USA ([email protected]) Chairman of the Jury: Prof. Dr. ir. Norbert De Kimpe Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of Organic Chemistry Coupure links 653 B-9000 Gent, Belgium ([email protected]) Members of the Jury: Prof. Dr. ir. Christian Vogl Prof. Dr. Paul Goetghebeur University of Natural Resources and Faculty of Science Applied Life Sciences Department of Biology Institut für Ökologischen Landbau K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 Gregor Mendelstrasse 33 B-9000 Gent, Belgium A-1180, Vienna, Austria ([email protected]) ([email protected]) Prof. Dr. Mieke Verbeken Prof. Dr. ir. François Malaisse Faculty of Science Faculté Universitaire des Sciences Department of Biology Agronomiques K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 Laboratoire d’Ecologie B-9000 Gent, Belgium Passage des Déportés, 2 ([email protected]) B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium ([email protected]) Prof. Dr. ir. Dirk Reheul Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of Plant Production Coupure links 653 B-9000 Gent, Belgium ([email protected]) Dean: Prof. Dr. ir. Herman Van Langenhove Rector: Prof. Dr. Paul Van Cauwenberge THOMAS EVERT QUANTITATIVE ETHNOBOTANICAL RESEARCH -
Salicaceae Cottonwood Cottonwood (The Genus Populus) Is Composed of 35 Species Which Contain the Aspens and Poplars
Populus spp. Family: Salicaceae Cottonwood Cottonwood (the genus Populus) is composed of 35 species which contain the aspens and poplars. Species in this group are native to Eurasia/north Africa [25], Central America [2] and North America [8]. All species look alike microscopically. The word populus is the classical Latin name for the poplar tree. Populus angustifolia-balsam, bitter cottonwood, black cottonwood, lanceleaf cottonwood, mountain cottonwood, narrowleaf cottonwood, narrow leaved poplar, Rydberg cottonwood, smoothbark cottonwood, willow cottonwood, willowleaf cottonwood Populus balsamifera-balm, balm of Gilead, balm of Gilead poplar, balm cottonwood, balsam, balsam cottonwood, balsam poplar, bam, black balsam poplar, black cottonwood, black poplar, California poplar, Canadian balsam poplar, Canadian poplar, cottonwax, hackmatack, hairy balm of Gilead, heartleaf balsam poplar, northern black cottonwood, Ontario poplar, tacamahac, tacamahac poplar, toughbark poplar, western balsam poplar Populus deltoides*-aspen cottonwood, big cottonwood, Carolina poplar, cotton tree, eastern cottonwood, eastern poplar, fremont cottonwood, great plains cottonwood, Missourian poplar, necklace poplar, northern fremont cottonwood, palmer cottonwood, plains cottonwood, Rio Grande cottonwood, river cottonwood, river poplar, southern cottonwood, Tennessee poplar, Texas cottonwood, valley cottonwood, Vermont poplar, Virginia poplar, water poplar, western cottonwood, whitewood, wislizenus cottonwood, yellow cottonwood Populus fremontii-Arizona cottonwood, -
Food and Foraging Preferences of Three Pteropodid Bats in Southern India
JoTT COMMUNI C ATION 4(1): 2295–2303 Food and foraging preferences of three pteropodid bats in southern India M.R. Sudhakaran 1 & Paramanantha Swami Doss 2 1 Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Sri Paramakalyani College, Alwarkurichi, Tamil Nadu 627412, India 2 Department of Animal Behaviour and Physiology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu 625021, India Email: 1 [email protected] (corresponding author), 2 [email protected] Date of publication (online): 26 January 2012 Abstract: A study on the food, foraging and flight height in three species of pteropodid Date of publication (print): 26 January 2012 bats, namely Cynopterus sphinx, Rousettus leschenaultii and Pteropus giganteus was ISSN 0974-7907 (online) | 0974-7893 (print) conducted in Tirunelveli and Tuticorin districts of southern Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 37 species of plants were identified as potential food plants of the pteropodid bats. Editor: C. Srinivasulu The preference for fruits by pteropodids varied according to the developmental stages Manuscript details: of fruits namely, immature, unripe and ripe. There is a relationship between the forag- Ms # o2227 ing activities of bats and the moon phase. Bats exhibit a varied foraging pattern and Received 02 June 2009 flight height. A variation in the foraging flight height was observed in C. sphinx and R. Final received 19 July 2011 leschenaultii. R. leschenaultii was observed to have a higher foraging echelon than that Finally accepted 20 December 2011 of the C. sphinx. In our study we found that the C. sphinx forages normally at canopy level (up to 3.5m), R. leschenaultii forages at upper canopy levels (up to 9m) and P. -
A History of Fruits on the Southeast Asian Mainland
OFFPRINT A history of fruits on the Southeast Asian mainland Roger Blench Kay Williamson Educational Foundation Cambridge, UK E-mail: [email protected] http://www.rogerblench.info/RBOP.htm Occasional Paper 4 Linguistics, Archaeology and the Human Past Edited by Toshiki OSADA and Akinori UESUGI Indus Project Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan 2008 ISBN 978-4-902325-33-1 A history of Fruits on the Southeast Asian mainland A history of fruits on the Southeast Asian mainland Roger Blench Kay Williamson Educational Foundation Cambridge, UK E-mail: [email protected] http://www.rogerblench.info/RBOP.htm ABSTRACT The paper presents an overview of the history of the principal tree fruits grown on the Southeast Asian mainland, making use of data from biogeography, archaeobotany, iconography and linguistics. Many assertions in the literature about the origins of particular species are found to be without empirical basis. In the absence of other data, comparative linguistics is an important source for tracing the spread of some fruits. Contrary to the Pacific, it seems that many of the fruits we now consider characteristic of the region may well have spread in recent times. INTRODUCTION empirical base for Pacific languages is not matched for mainland phyla such as Austroasiatic, Daic, Sino- This study 1) is intended to complement a previous Tibetan or Hmong-Mien, so accounts based purely paper on the history of tree-fruits in island Southeast on Austronesian tend to give a one-sided picture. Asia and the Pacific (Blench 2005). Arboriculture Although occasional detailed accounts of individual is very neglected in comparison to other types of languages exist (e.g. -
Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese -
List of the Import Prohibited Plants
List of the Import Prohibited Plants The Annexed Table 2 of the amended Enforcement Ordinance of the Plant Protection Law （Amended portions are under lined） Districts Prohibited Plants Quarantine Pests 1. Yemen, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Fresh fruits of akee, avocado, star berry, Mediterranean fruit fly Syria, Turkey, Jordan, Lebanon, allspice, olive, cashew nut, kiwi fruit, Thevetia (Ceratitis capitata) Albania, Italy, United Kingdom peruviana, carambola, pomegranate, jaboticaba, (Great Britain and Northern broad bean, alexandrian laurel, date palm, Ireland, hereinafter referred to as Muntingia calabura, feijoa, pawpaw, mammee "United Kingdom"), Austria, apple, longan, litchi, and plants of the genera Netherlands, Cyprus, Greece, Ficus, Phaseolus, Diospyros(excluding those Croatia, Kosovo, Switzerland, listed in appendix 41), Carissa, Juglans, Morus, Spain, Slovenia, Serbia, Germany, Coccoloba, Coffea, Ribes, Vaccinium, Hungary, France, Belgium, Passiflora, Dovyalis, Ziziphus, Spondias, Musa Bosnia and Herzegovina, (excluding immature banana), Carica (excluding Portugal, Former Yugoslav those listed in appendix 1), Psidium, Artocarpus, Republic of Macedonia, Malta, , Annona, Malpighia, Santalum, Garcinia, Vitis Montenegro, Africa, Bermuda, (excluding those listed in appendices 3 and 54), Argentina, Uruguay, Ecuador, El Eugenia, Mangifera (excluding those listed in Salvador, Guatemala, Costa Rica, appendices 2 ,36 ,43 ,51 and 53), Ilex, Colombia, Nicaragua, West Indies Terminalia and Gossypium, and Plants of the (excluding Cuba, Dominican family Sapotaceae, Cucurbitaceae (excluding Republic,Puerto Rico), Panama, those listed in appendices 3 and 42), Cactaceae Paraguay, Brazil, Venezuela, (excluding those listed in appendix 35), Peru, Bolivia, Honduras, Australia Solanaceae (excluding those listed in (excluding Tasmania), Hawaiian appendices 3 and 42), Rosaceae (excluding Islands those listed in appendices 3 and 31) and Rutaceae (excluding those listed in appendices 4 to 8 ,39 ,45 and 56). -
Poplars and Willows: Trees for Society and the Environment / Edited by J.G
Poplars and Willows Trees for Society and the Environment This volume is respectfully dedicated to the memory of Victor Steenackers. Vic, as he was known to his friends, was born in Weelde, Belgium, in 1928. His life was devoted to his family – his wife, Joanna, his 9 children and his 23 grandchildren. His career was devoted to the study and improve- ment of poplars, particularly through poplar breeding. As Director of the Poplar Research Institute at Geraardsbergen, Belgium, he pursued a lifelong scientific interest in poplars and encouraged others to share his passion. As a member of the Executive Committee of the International Poplar Commission for many years, and as its Chair from 1988 to 2000, he was a much-loved mentor and powerful advocate, spreading scientific knowledge of poplars and willows worldwide throughout the many member countries of the IPC. This book is in many ways part of the legacy of Vic Steenackers, many of its contributing authors having learned from his guidance and dedication. Vic Steenackers passed away at Aalst, Belgium, in August 2010, but his work is carried on by others, including mem- bers of his family. Poplars and Willows Trees for Society and the Environment Edited by J.G. Isebrands Environmental Forestry Consultants LLC, New London, Wisconsin, USA and J. Richardson Poplar Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Published by The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and CABI CABI is a trading name of CAB International CABI CABI Nosworthy Way 38 Chauncey Street Wallingford Suite 1002 Oxfordshire OX10 8DE Boston, MA 02111 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 800 552 3083 (toll free) Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Tel: +1 (0)617 395 4051 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cabi.org © FAO, 2014 FAO encourages the use, reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. -
Chec List What Survived from the PLANAFLORO Project
Check List 10(1): 33–45, 2014 © 2014 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution What survived from the PLANAFLORO Project: PECIES S Angiosperms of Rondônia State, Brazil OF 1* 2 ISTS L Samuel1 UniCarleialversity of Konstanz, and Narcísio Department C.of Biology, Bigio M842, PLZ 78457, Konstanz, Germany. [email protected] 2 Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Campus José Ribeiro Filho, BR 364, Km 9.5, CEP 76801-059. Porto Velho, RO, Brasil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: The Rondônia Natural Resources Management Project (PLANAFLORO) was a strategic program developed in partnership between the Brazilian Government and The World Bank in 1992, with the purpose of stimulating the sustainable development and protection of the Amazon in the state of Rondônia. More than a decade after the PLANAFORO program concluded, the aim of the present work is to recover and share the information from the long-abandoned plant collections made during the project’s ecological-economic zoning phase. Most of the material analyzed was sterile, but the fertile voucher specimens recovered are listed here. The material examined represents 378 species in 234 genera and 76 families of angiosperms. Some 8 genera, 68 species, 3 subspecies and 1 variety are new records for Rondônia State. It is our intention that this information will stimulate future studies and contribute to a better understanding and more effective conservation of the plant diversity in the southwestern Amazon of Brazil. Introduction The PLANAFLORO Project funded botanical expeditions In early 1990, Brazilian Amazon was facing remarkably in different areas of the state to inventory arboreal plants high rates of forest conversion (Laurance et al. -
Biomass and Nutrient Pools of Canopy and Terrestrial Components in a Primary and a Secondary Montane Cloud Forest, Costa Rica Nallini M
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ELSEWER Forest Ecology and Management 198 (2004) 223-236 ww.elsevier.co~~1ate/~oreco Biomass and nutrient pools of canopy and terrestrial components in a primary and a secondary montane cloud forest, Costa Rica Nallini M. PJadkarnia-*,Douglas Schaefers, Teri J. Matelson', Rodrigo solanob "ntc Eve~reenStare Cnil~ge~Olv~npra, WA 98505, USA h~onleverde,Apnnodo 5655. Su$rtu. E1~'luna.Pruriorenos, Ca.~tnRlcn Received 27 July 2003, received in revised form 1 September 2003; accepted 27 April 2004 Abstract Canopy-dwelling epiphytes and their associated dead organic matter exist as complex subsystems of many forests. but they have only rarely been quanritied in rhe context of the whole ecosyqtem. Wca~sessedthe biomass and nutrient capital of canopy- dwellrng and terrestrially rooted components afa primary and an adjacent secondary montane forest in Monteverde, Costa Rica. %tal ahnvcground terrestrislly rooted biomass (dry wetght) was 490.1 and 151 t ha-' in thc pnmary and secondary forest, respectively. The pdmory foreqt supponed a total canopy biomass of 33.1 t ha-'; the secondary forc~tsupported only 0.5% of that. 0.2 t ha-'. Tmnk and branch epiphyte biomass in the primary forcst was over 40 times and 100 times greater than trunk and branch epiphyte biomass in the secondary forest. The bulk (ca. 95%) of the ecosystem biornasq in trunkand bmch wood, which is slower to decompore than the nnn-woody. labile components of foliage and non-woody epiphytes. In contrast to the primary forest. whcredcad organic matler (crown humus. intcrccpted litterfall) compri~edover 60% of thc total epiphytic matenal, there were only trace amounts in the secondary forest. -
35. ORCHIDACEAE/SCAPHYGLOTTIS 301 PSYGMORCHIS Dods
35. ORCHIDACEAE/SCAPHYGLOTTIS 301 PSYGMORCHIS Dods. & Dressl. each segment, usually only the uppermost persisting, linear, 5-25 cm long, 1.5-4.5 mm broad, obscurely emar- Psygmorchis pusilla (L.) Dods. & Dressl., Phytologia ginate at apex. Inflorescences single flowers or more com- 24:288. 1972 monly few-flowered fascicles or abbreviated, few-flowered Oncidium pusillum (L.) Reichb.f. racemes, borne at apex of stems; flowers white, 3.5-4.5 Dwarf epiphyte, to 8 cm tall; pseudobulbs lacking. Leaves mm long; sepals 3-4.5 mm long, 1-2 mm wide; petals as ± dense, spreading like a fan, equitant, ± linear, 2-6 cm long as sepals, 0.5-1 mm wide; lip 3.5-5 mm long, 2-3.5 long, to 1 cm wide. Inflorescences 1-6 from base of mm wide, entire or obscurely trilobate; column narrowly leaves, about equaling leaves, consisting of long scapes, winged. Fruits oblong-elliptic, ca 1 cm long (including the apices with several acute, strongly compressed, im- the long narrowly tapered base), ca 2 mm wide. Croat bricating sheaths; flowers produced in succession from 8079. axils of sheaths; flowers 2-2.5 cm long; sepals free, Common in the forest, usually high in trees. Flowers spreading, bright yellow, keeled and apiculate, the dorsal in the early dry season (December to March), especially sepal ca 5 mm long, nearly as wide, the lateral sepals in January and February. The fruits mature in the middle 4-5 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, hidden by lateral lobes to late dry season. of lip; petals to 8 mm long and 4 mm wide, bright yellow Confused with S.