ASTRA Salvensis, Supplement No. 1/2021 561 HISTORY of POLE
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Selected Works of Chokan Valikhanov Selected Works of Chokan Valikhanov
SELECTED WORKS OF CHOKAN VALIKHANOV CHOKAN OF WORKS SELECTED SELECTED WORKS OF CHOKAN VALIKHANOV Pioneering Ethnographer and Historian of the Great Steppe When Chokan Valikhanov died of tuberculosis in 1865, aged only 29, the Russian academician Nikolai Veselovsky described his short life as ‘a meteor flashing across the field of oriental studies’. Set against his remarkable output of official reports, articles and research into the history, culture and ethnology of Central Asia, and more important, his Kazakh people, it remains an entirely appropriate accolade. Born in 1835 into a wealthy and powerful Kazakh clan, he was one of the first ‘people of the steppe’ to receive a Russian education and military training. Soon after graduating from Siberian Cadet Corps at Omsk, he was taking part in reconnaissance missions deep into regions of Central Asia that had seldom been visited by outsiders. His famous mission to Kashgar in Chinese Turkestan, which began in June 1858 and lasted for more than a year, saw him in disguise as a Tashkent mer- chant, risking his life to gather vital information not just on current events, but also on the ethnic make-up, geography, flora and fauna of this unknown region. Journeys to Kuldzha, to Issyk-Kol and to other remote and unmapped places quickly established his reputation, even though he al- ways remained inorodets – an outsider to the Russian establishment. Nonetheless, he was elected to membership of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society and spent time in St Petersburg, where he was given a private audience by the Tsar. Wherever he went he made his mark, striking up strong and lasting friendships with the likes of the great Russian explorer and geographer Pyotr Petrovich Semyonov-Tian-Shansky and the writer Fyodor Dostoyevsky. -
Personal Information As a Historical Source Using the Example of the Estonian and Other Baltic Diasporas in Kazakhstan1
Ajalooline Ajakiri, 2020, 1 (171), 29–66 Personal information as a historical source using the example of the Estonian and other Baltic diasporas in Kazakhstan1 Mariya Oinas According to the latest census (2009), sixteen million people live in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Forty percent of the population is non-Kazakh, including representatives of almost 130 nationalities and ethnic groups. The formation of the multinational population of Kazakhstan has a complex two-century history. Up to the eighteenth century, Kazakhs constituted most of the inhabitants of the Kazakh Khanate. With the incorporation of Kazakhstan into the Russian Empire, the resettlement of Slavic peoples into the steppe regions began, the influx consisting of mostly peasants and Cossacks. From the first half of the eighteenth century, fortifications and lines of defence were built and settled by serfs. The tsarist state also used Kazakhstan as a place of political exile. The main influx of migration was related to the resettlement policy of the Russian Prime Minister P. Stolypin in the early twentieth century, which was supposed to solve the economic, social and demographic problems of the Russian Empire through the devel- opment of new lands. According to some estimates, over one million peo- ple from the European regions of the empire immigrated to Kazakhstan in the pre-revolutionary period.2 The Soviet government also contributed to the multinational charac- ter of the population of Kazakhstan through massive forced migrations. Shortly after the October Revolution, intellectuals, clergy and aristocrats 1 The research for this article was conducted with the support from the European Regional Development Fund. -
The Anguish of Repatriation. Immigration to Poland And
EEPXXX10.1177/0888325414532494East European Politics and SocietiesGrzymała-Kazłowska and Grzymała-Moszczyńska 532494research-article2014 East European Politics and Societies and Cultures Volume XX Number X Month 201X 1 –21 © 2014 SAGE Publications The Anguish of Repatriation: 10.1177/0888325414532494 http://eeps.sagepub.com hosted at Immigration to Poland and Integration http://online.sagepub.com of Polish Descendants from Kazakhstan Aleksandra Grzymała-Kazłowska University of Warsaw Halina Grzymała-Moszczyńska Jagiellonian University Repatriation remains an unsolved problem of Polish migration policy. To date, it has taken place on a small scale, mostly outside of the state’s repatriation system. Thousands of people with a promised repatriation visa are still waiting to be repatri- ated. The majority of the repatriates come from Kazakhstan, home to the largest popu- lation of descendants of Poles in the Asian part of the former USSR. They come to Poland not only for sentimental reasons, but also in search of better living conditions. However, repatriates—in particular older ones—experience a number of problems with adaptation in Poland, dominated by financial and housing-related issues. A further source of difficulties for repatriates, alongside their spatial dispersion, insufficient lin- guistic and cultural competencies, and identity problems, is finding a place on and adapting to the Polish labor market. Despite their difficult situation and special needs, the repatriates in Poland are not sufficiently supported due to the inefficiency of admin- istration and non-governmental institutions dealing with the task of repatriates’ integration. It results in the anguish of repatriation. Keywords: repatriation; repatriates from Kazakhstan; Polish integration policy; immigration to Poland; Polish minority in the former USSR Introduction Over two decades after the beginning of the transformation of the political and economic system in Poland, repatriation remains an unresolved issue. -
Zhanat Kundakbayeva the HISTORY of KAZAKHSTAN FROM
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN THE AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Zhanat Kundakbayeva THE HISTORY OF KAZAKHSTAN FROM EARLIEST PERIOD TO PRESENT TIME VOLUME I FROM EARLIEST PERIOD TO 1991 Almaty "Кazakh University" 2016 ББК 63.2 (3) К 88 Recommended for publication by Academic Council of the al-Faraby Kazakh National University’s History, Ethnology and Archeology Faculty and the decision of the Editorial-Publishing Council R e v i e w e r s: doctor of historical sciences, professor G.Habizhanova, doctor of historical sciences, B. Zhanguttin, doctor of historical sciences, professor K. Alimgazinov Kundakbayeva Zh. K 88 The History of Kazakhstan from the Earliest Period to Present time. Volume I: from Earliest period to 1991. Textbook. – Almaty: "Кazakh University", 2016. - &&&& p. ISBN 978-601-247-347-6 In first volume of the History of Kazakhstan for the students of non-historical specialties has been provided extensive materials on the history of present-day territory of Kazakhstan from the earliest period to 1991. Here found their reflection both recent developments on Kazakhstan history studies, primary sources evidences, teaching materials, control questions that help students understand better the course. Many of the disputable issues of the times are given in the historiographical view. The textbook is designed for students, teachers, undergraduates, and all, who are interested in the history of the Kazakhstan. ББК 63.3(5Каз)я72 ISBN 978-601-247-347-6 © Kundakbayeva Zhanat, 2016 © al-Faraby KazNU, 2016 INTRODUCTION Данное учебное пособие is intended to be a generally understandable and clearly organized outline of historical processes taken place on the present day territory of Kazakhstan since pre-historic time. -
Food and Identity in Central Asia Halle (Saale) 2017
CASCACENTRE FOR ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDIES ON CENTRAL ASIA II [Ed. Aida Aaly Alymbaeva] FOOD AND IDENTITY IN CENTRAL ASIA HALLE (SAALE) 2017 MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY DEPartment ‘IntegraTION AND CONFLICt’ FIELD NOTES AND RESEARCH PROJECTS XIX MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY DEPARTMent ‘IntegraTION AND CONFLICT’ FIELD NOTES AND RESEARCH PROJECTS XIX CASCA – Centre for Anthropological Studies on Central Asia II: Food and Identity in Central Asia http://www.eth.mpg.de/pubs/series_fieldnotes/vol0019.html Published by Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, Halle (Saale) P. O. Box 11 03 51 D - 06017 Halle /Saale (Germany) Phone +49 (0) 345 2927 0 http://www.eth.mpg.de ISSN 2193-987X Editor: Aida Aaly Alymbaeva I Series Editor: Günther Schlee Assisted by: Viktoria Zeng and Robert Dobslaw Cover Photo: How to eat tandyr samsa (Osh City, Kyrgyzstan), 2015 © Baktygul Karimova (U. Abdrashitov) Printed 2017 by Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, Halle (Saale) © 2017 Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology TaBLE OF CONTENTS Series Editor’s Preface (Günther Schlee) .................................................... iv Foreword (Bettina Mann) ............................................................................ v Introduction (Aida Aaly Alymbaeva) ......................................................... vii MINORITIES’ CUISINE AND DIFFERENTIATING PROCESSES IN MULTICULTURAL SETTINGS Internationalism on the Table: Dining Ethnicity in One’s Homeland Kazakhstan (Rita Sanders) .......................................................................... -
Situation of Polish Deportees in Kazakhstan in the Post-War Period
Положение польских спецпоселенцев в Казахстане ... N.V.Stepanenko Situation of Polish deportees in Kazakhstan in the post-war period The article refers to the Polish deportees remaining in the territory of Kazakhstan after signing of the Soviet — Polish agreement on July 6, 1945. The main reasons on which the Polish deportees could not be deported to their homeland are specified. By the example of Kokchetau region as the most populated in post-war peri- od presented the work on involvement of Polish deportees in public life of Kazakhstan. The author emphasiz- es that the Poles left after re-evacuation consisted the Polish population of Kazakhstan and until 1956 their position was determined by the decree of the Council of People's Commissars dated January 8, 1945 «On the legal status of deportees». References У 1 Kalishevsky M. «Polonia» in the East: About the history of the Polish diaspora in Central Asia / M.Kalishevsky, M.: Nauka, 2009, р. 180. 2 Kazakh SSR NKVD information as of 7 January 1946 on applications and volunteers to get out of Soviet citizenshipГ /Central State Archive of RoK. fond p. 1137. finding aid 18. file 139 l. Р. 32. 3 Resolution of the Ministry of Education of the Kazakh SSR on sending to homeland of Polish children leftр in orphanages and in the settlement of the citizens (October, 1947) /Central State Archive of RoK. fond p. 1692. finding aid 1. file 1258. Р.154. 4 Information about the recent repatriation of Polish children home /Central State Archive of RoK. fond p. 1987. finding aid 1, 45. -
Survey on Agricultural and Rural Development Based on Population
Assigned by Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Survey on Agricultural and Rural Development based on Population Issues The Republic of Kazakhstan Focus on Almaty and Astana Oblast MARCH 2002 The Asian Population and Development Association Geographical position of Kazakhstan E"tva Ministry of Education and Science From Right Mr. Wada Takuya Dr. Nagizadeh Mohammad Mr. Kusumoto Osamu Dr. Ishida Norio Dr. Edil E. Ergozhin, Vice-minister, Ministry of Education and Science Kazkh State University of Agriculture Center Dr. Ispolov, Rector At Krasnoyarskoye LTD Center Mr. Alnabaev Abilkakim, president, conduct hearing survey Bakbakthi Private farm conduct hearing survey Wheat production field at Shortangi Private Farm at Karasai conduct hearing survey Foreword This report presents the results of the "Survey on Agricultural and Rural Development based on Population Issues", a project implemented in Republic of Kazakhstan by the Asian Population and Development Association (APDA) under the consignment from Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery in 2001. The survey and compilation of the results were mainly carried out by the members of the APDA Survey Committee (Chairperson: Dr. Shigeto Kawano, Professor Emeritus, the University of Tokyo). This survey was conducted under the concept that "Japan's cooperation in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries positions contribution to stability of global food supply and demand as its important measure whose further promotion is expected. Meanwhile, in implementing international cooperation, strong demand for efficient and effective implementation and transparency exists for ODA in view of the country's difficult economic and financial condition in the recent years. For this purpose, a study of subjects such as problems related to assistance in the major target countries of this survey, grasping of assistance needs, agricultural and rural development and the relationship between assistance and agricultural produce trade is indispensable. -
Rediscovering the Virgin Lands: Agricultural Investment and Rural Livelihoods in a Eurasian Frontier Area
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Petrick, Martin; Wandel, Jürgen; Karsten, Katharina Article — Accepted Manuscript (Postprint) Rediscovering the Virgin Lands: Agricultural investment and rural livelihoods in a Eurasian frontier area World Development Provided in Cooperation with: Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO), Halle (Saale) Suggested Citation: Petrick, Martin; Wandel, Jürgen; Karsten, Katharina (2013) : Rediscovering the Virgin Lands: Agricultural investment and rural livelihoods in a Eurasian frontier area, World Development, ISSN 0305-750X, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Vol. 43, pp. 164-179, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.09.015 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/150012 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. -
Frontier Politics and Sino-Soviet Relations: a Study of Northwestern Xinjiang, 1949-1963
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2017 Frontier Politics And Sino-Soviet Relations: A Study Of Northwestern Xinjiang, 1949-1963 Sheng Mao University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Mao, Sheng, "Frontier Politics And Sino-Soviet Relations: A Study Of Northwestern Xinjiang, 1949-1963" (2017). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 2459. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2459 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2459 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Frontier Politics And Sino-Soviet Relations: A Study Of Northwestern Xinjiang, 1949-1963 Abstract This is an ethnopolitical and diplomatic study of the Three Districts, or the former East Turkestan Republic, in China’s northwest frontier in the 1950s and 1960s. It describes how this Muslim borderland between Central Asia and China became today’s Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture under the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. The Three Districts had been in the Soviet sphere of influence since the 1930s and remained so even after the Chinese Communist takeover in October 1949. After the Sino- Soviet split in the late 1950s, Beijing transformed a fragile suzerainty into full sovereignty over this region: the transitional population in Xinjiang was demarcated, border defenses were established, and Soviet consulates were forced to withdraw. As a result, the Three Districts changed from a Soviet frontier to a Chinese one, and Xinjiang’s outward focus moved from Soviet Central Asia to China proper. The largely peaceful integration of Xinjiang into PRC China stands in stark contrast to what occurred in Outer Mongolia and Tibet. -
Monuments and Memory in the Landscapes of Kazakhstan
MONUMENTS AND MEMORY IN THE LANDSCAPES OF KAZAKHSTAN By Robert Kopack A THESIS Submitted to Michigan State University In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Geography – Master of Science 2013 ABSTRACT MONUMENTS AND MEMORY IN THE LANDSCAPES OF KAZAKHSTAN By Robert Kopack In the context of totalitarian regimes and their aftermaths, memorial landscapes are highly contested spaces in which newly emerging governments are quite active in framing and reframing the past as well as mapping a course for the future. Unsurprisingly, statuary and other overtly ideological materials are immediate targets. An abundance of scholarly literature has investigated memory, memorialization, and commemoration as state processes inherently complicated and problematized by greater public involvement. Far less time has been given however, to investigating the contrasting ways a state condemns or esteems the previous regime and for what reasons. Expanding these themes, Kazakhstan presents an ideal case study. Through an examination of archival materials, sixteen months of fieldwork, structured and unstructured interviews, media analysis, and governmental publications—this thesis uses discourse analysis to show the multiple agendas, conflicts, and negotiations that characterize the process of remembering the past and refashioning national identity in Kazakhstan. In this I examine three cities and how the legacies of the Soviet Union are selectively employed by the state to meet specific aims. First, underscoring a lack of uniformity in how the Soviet period is managed at the state level, this thesis investigates more broadly the kinds of currency that the Soviet period affords to Kazakhstan in different contexts. The three cities highlighted in this thesis were chosen to demonstrate the distinct ways that the legacies of the Soviet Union are employed in Kazakhstan in order to advance social, political, and economic agendas. -
Central Asia, August 2002
Description of document: US Department of State Self Study Guide for Central Asia, August 2002 Requested date: 11-March-2007 Released date: 25-Mar-2010 Posted date: 19-April-2010 Source of document: Freedom of Information Act Office of Information Programs and Services A/GIS/IPS/RL U. S. Department of State Washington, D. C. 20522-8100 Fax: 202-261-8579 Note: This is one of a series of self-study guides for a country or area, prepared for the use of USAID staff assigned to temporary duty in those countries. The guides are designed to allow individuals to familiarize themselves with the country or area in which they will be posted. The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. The public records published on the site were obtained from government agencies using proper legal channels. Each document is identified as to the source. Any concerns about the contents of the site should be directed to the agency originating the document in question. -
In the Name of Unity
The Equal Rights Trust is an independent internation- al organisation whose purpose is to combat discrimi- nation and promote equality as a fundamental human Equal Rights Trust right and a basic principle of social justice. The Kazakhstan International Bureau for Human Rights and Rule of Law is a non-governmental organi- sation which aims to protect political rights and civ- il freedoms and to develop democracy and rule of law in Kazakhstan and other countries. “Unity! Stability! Creativity!” This is the slogan of Nur Otan, the political party of Nursultan Nazarbayev, the Republic of Kazakhstan’s first and only president. ▪ This report, examining discrimination and inequality in Kazakhstan, finds Series: Kazakhstan Report Country that the unity promoted by Nazarbayev is narrow, excluding those whose religion, ethnicity or political opinion challenges his vision, and denying an equal role to women, persons with disabilities and other groups. - IN THE NAME ofA 2011the Kazakh law on language religion imposes– spoken onerous by only registration74% of the population requirements, – creates indi rectly discriminating against minority religious groups. The promotion OF UNITY - barriers for ethnic minorities in accessing public services, employment and education. The state discriminates on the basis of political opinion, detain ing its critics and limiting freedom of expression, assembly and association.- Addressing Discrimination The unified Kazakhstan promoted by the government also provides lit and Inequality in Kazakhstan tle space for other groups. Women are subject to discriminatory laws and are underrepresented in the workforce and public life. Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons are subject to discrimination by both state and non-state actors.