From the Delta to the Cataract Studies Dedicated to Mohamed El-Bialy
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From the Delta to the Cataract Culture and History of the Ancient Near East Founding Editor M.H.E. Weippert Editor-in-Chief Jonathan Stökl Editors Eckart Frahm W. Randall Garr B. Halpern Theo P.J. van den Hout Leslie Anne Warden Irene J. Winter VOLUME 76 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/chan From the Delta to the Cataract Studies Dedicated to Mohamed el-Bialy Edited by Alejandro Jiménez-Serrano and Cornelius von Pilgrim LEIDEN | BOSTON From the delta to the cataract : studies dedicated to Mohamed el-Bialy / edited by Alejandro Jiménez-Serrano and Cornelius von Pilgrim. pages cm. — (Culture and history of the ancient Near East, ISSN 1566-2055 ; volume 76) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-29344-1 (hardback : acid-free paper) — ISBN 978-90-04-29345-8 (e-book) 1. Egypt— Antiquities. 2. Aswan (Egypt)—Antiquities. 3. Thebes (Egypt : Extinct city) 4. Excavations (Archaeology)— Egypt. 5. Excavations (Archaeology)—Egypt—Aswan. 6. El-Bialy, Mohamed, 1953– 7. Archaeologists— Egypt—Biography. 8. Cultural property—Protection—Egypt. 9. Archaeology—Research—Egypt. I. Jiménez Serrano, Alejandro. II. Pilgrim, Cornelius von. IIi. El-Bialy, Mohamed, 1953– DT60.F85 2015 932—dc23 2015007584 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual ‘Brill’ typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, ipa, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see brill.com/brill-typeface. issn 1566-2055 isbn 978-90-04-29344-1 (hardback) isbn 978-90-04-29345-8 (e-book) Copyright 2015 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill nv provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, ma 01923, usa. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Contents Editors’ Note ix Preface x Publications xiii 1 A Copy of a Copy of a Copy, or an Imitation Kamares-Ware Vessel from Tell el-Dab‘a 1 David A. Aston 2 Between Thebes and Elephantine: Busy Lives of Egyptian Officials 12 Julia Budka 3 Three Christian Funerary Stelae from Aswan 24 Jitse H.F. Dijkstra 4 Linen Weaved in Year 2 of Amenhotep II 36 José M. Galán 5 Prospections dans le secteur est du Wadi Abu Subeira : Premiers résultats et perspectives 51 Gwenola Graff, Adel Kelany and Maxence Bailly 6 Deux documents épars du temple d’Hathor à Philae 67 Jean-Claude Goyon 7 The Exceptional Case of a Lady’s Tomb in Qubbet el-Hawa at the End of the Old Kingdom 78 Alejandro Jiménez-Serrano 8 Fire-setting in Ancient Quarries; Ancient Sources, New Evidence and Experiments 88 Adel Kelany 9 Surveying Work at Wadi Abu Subeira, Season 2012 98 Adel Kelany, Adel Tohami, Heba Harby, Mahmoud Mokhtar, Sayed Elhomosany, Mostafa Badawy, Hassan Eltaher and Mohamed Abd El- Basset vi contents 10 Die Kirchen von Nag el-Hagar 108 Alexander von Kienlin 11 Greek Pottery from Syene 132 Sabine Ladstätter 12 Wine from Southern Gaul in Syene, the Southernmost Town of the Roman Empire 150 Stefanie Martin-Kilcher 13 Les travaux de la mission archéologique espagnole de l’Institut d’études de l’ancienne Égypte-IEAE à Deir el Bahari (Saisons 2003-2008) 158 Francisco J. Martín Valentín and Teresa Bedman 14 The Repit Temple at Athribis after the Worship of Repit 177 Marcus Müller 15 A Newly Discovered “Soul House” in Assuan 189 Wolfgang Müller and Irene Forstner-Müller 16 Images of Power in Neferhotep’s Tomb: Between Tradition and Renovation 202 María Violeta Pereyra 17 An Authentication Sealing of the “Ruler of Kush” from Elephantine 218 Cornelius von Pilgrim 18 Karakhamun’s Artists 227 Elena Pischikova 19 The Henket-ankh Temple of Thutmosis III in Luxor West Bank: Five Years of Intervention 240 Myriam Seco Álvarez 20 The Quay Walls of Nag el-Tawil Revisited 254 Martin Steskal contents vii 21 An Accumulation of Dirt: Excavations at the Courtyard of the Tomb of Senneferi at Thebes 263 Helen Strudwick 22 The False Door of Senneferi, Theban Tomb 99 272 Nigel Strudwick General Index 289 Editors’ Note We would like to acknowledge Nicholas Snow, who kindly improved the style of the English of some papers published in the present volume. We also wish to express our gratitude to Ms. Azhaar Abdel Fatah, who trans- lated the abstracts into Arabic with the support of Ms. Chery Alaa el-Dina and Mr. Tarek Sayed Tawfik. Preface The unique richness in archaeological sites in Egypt may sometimes be con- sidered both a blessing and a curse, in particular for those who have devoted their lives to saving the cultural heritage of Egypt for future generations. Mohamed el-Bialy is one of those Egyptian scholars who has committed him- self entirely to the protection of monuments and sites. During his long career he has worked on almost all the major sites and regions from the Egyptian Nile delta to Nubia. This circumstance has given him extensive knowledge about the ancient Egyptian material culture and society. From this base he has always linked the past with contemporary traditions, shedding light on the blurred lines of the whole of Egyptian history, sometimes understood as unconnected periods. Dr. Mohamed El-Bialy has always understood the essence of Egyptian society as the result of a continuing progression, in which different substrata from all the historical periods have crystallized into what we know today as contemporary Egypt. Mohamed Abd El Aziz El Saied El Bialy was born in the village of Behout (province of El Dakhalia) on the 9th of March 1953. His long-established family was dedicated to the textile industry of Mansura, but he spent his early years in the family house in the countryside. He studied Egyptology in the Faculty of Archaeology of the University of Cairo, where he graduated in May 1978. In the early 1990’s he chose the Université Lumière Lyon 2 for his postgraduate studies under the supervision of Jean-Claude Goyon. After having received an additional degree for guides at the University of Alexandria in 1997, he was awarded a doctorate for his Phd thesis “Les Reines et Princesses de la XVIIIème dynastie à Thèbes Ouest. Enquête d’après les monuments, les sources archéologiques et épigraphiques” with felicitations from the committee on May 15th, 2004 in Lyon. In 1981 he started his successful career on the Supreme Council of Antiquities, at first as Inspector of Antiquities in Saqqara, Dahshur and Lisht. During those years he became acquainted with different techniques of archaeological field- work when he attended various missions of distinguished Egyptologists. He worked with Jean Leclant on the mission of the Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale, when the pyramid of Pepy I was restored. Then he continued with the French mission recording the texts of Merenre’s pyramid. Between 1982 and 1983 he worked with the mission headed by Peter Munro, who conducted excavations in the cemeteries at the Pyramid of Unas. It was in 1983, while directing excavations in the area to the east of the pyramid of Djedkare Isesi, that he discovered a small village of priests dated to the Late Period. preface xi In 1984, Mohamed el-Bialy participated in two further outstanding missions, the joint mission of the Egypt Exploration Society and the National Museum of Antiquities in Leiden, directed by G.T. Martin, in the tombs of Horemheb and Tia and Tia, and in Dahshur with Rainer Stadelmann (Deutsches Archäologisches Institut), who continued his research in the red pyramid of Snefru. After his transfer to the West Bank of Luxor in the same year he coin- cided again with Stadelmann, who directed the works at the temple of Sety I. In subsequent years he joined numerous missions on the West Bank, such as the mission of the University of Heidelberg in TT 68 in Sheikh Abdel Qurna, the excavations in the Valley of the Kings headed by H. Altenmüller (tomb of Tausret and Sethnakhte) and by D. Ryan (KV21, KV27, KV28, KV44, KV45 and KV60), the mission in the Ramesseum, directed by C. Leblanc, and the restora- tion project of the Getty Foundation and the SCA in the tomb of Nefertari. During those years the Antiquities Department entrusted Mohamed el-Bialy with the direction of its own projects. He directed the excavation of the Roman Baths at Sheikh Amer where he discovered a marble statue, today exhibited in the Museum of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina. Shortly afterwards, in 1989, in Qurnet Murai, he discovered the tomb of Merymes from the first half of the 18th Dynasty, and in 1991, Mohamed el-Bialy directed excavations between the entrance of the Valley of the Queens, Malkata and Medinet Habu. In 1992 Mohamed el-Bialy was promoted to Chief Inspector of the Supreme Council of Antiquities in the East Bank, where he had the opportunity to direct various archaeological projects and to supervise important works carried out in Karnak, Luxor, Medamud and Tod. However, it was after a brief stay in the region of Mansura at the beginning of 1993 when he was appointed to the posi- tion in which he has felt happiest: Chief Inspector in Luxor-West. Aside from a short interval between July 1996 and August 1997, when he acted in the same position in the Fayum, Dr.