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Sustainable Tourism, a Priority Challenge

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Sustainable Tourism, a Priority Challenge Editorial JEAT nr.1/2018 Sustainable tourism, a priority challenge Sustainable development plays a vital role in on long term economic, ecologic and social-cultural equilibrium of the destinations and allows tourism to contribute to certain global problems. The tourism and recreation sector is submitted to economic, social, environmental and political processes that transform organization and its practices, either in residential, mobility, consumption, technologies, finance field... These evolutions and contradictions belong to a series of profound changes that need to renew the analyses frame. At its turn, knowledge produced in the tourism field opens ways towards other aspects (work, territory, migration, culture, etc.). On the other hand, tourism has a considerable effect upon environment. It is estimated that it will produce a significant proportion of gas with greenhouse effect at worldwide level (approximately 5%). Transportation and accommodation, consumption of „natural” spaces and landscapes are included among the causes of adverse effects. A destination that does not take into consideration the principles of sustainable development will become on short term a place that will not be visited. That is why, taking into account sustainable development approach in the field of tourism industry, it is essential to assure integrated management of territories, in harmony with environment and communities, as well as to assure resource serviceability and a better life quality. We must add that sustainable tourism improves the image of a destination on international level. That is why sustainable tourism is a priority at present. Director of the publication, Full Prof. Romulus GRUIA, PhD, PhD supervisor Journal of EcoAgriTourism Vol. 14, no.1, 2018 SUMMARY Editorial : SUSTAINABLE TOURISM, A PRIORITY CHALLENGE – GRUIA Romulus 5 INVASIVE KNOTWEED SPECIES AS A RICH SOURCE OF ANTIOXIDANTS L. POGAČNIK, N. POKLAR ULRIH 11 DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM APPLICATIONS IN THE HUNGARIAN FOOD INDUSTRY M. HERDON, A. S. DEBRENTI, A. CSORDÁS 18 RESEARCH OF CALORIFIC POWER FOR WOOD SPECIES IN ROMANIA GH.C. SPIRCHEZ, A.LUNGULEASA, L. GACEU 23 ANALYSIS OF APPLICATION OF ERP SYSTEMS AT HUNGARIAN MEAT COMPANIES I. FÜZESI, J. FELFÖLDI, A. CSORDÁS, P. LENGYEL 29 PSYCHO – GASTRONOMY STUDY, WITH APPLICATIONS IN „BODY MELOIMPACT” ON DIRECTION OF MELO-PSYCHO-NUTRITION R. GRUIA 36 POSSIBILITY OF AGRI- AND FOOD INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS IN HIGHER EDUCATION T. KOVÁCS, L. VÁRALLYAI, R. SZILÁGYI 42 WINE ROAD - AN INSTRUMENT FOR THE PROMOTION OF RURAL TOURISM IN SOUTHERN DOBROGEA M. POPESCU, R. GRUIA, A. RANCA 48 EXPLORE ICT USAGE CHARACTERISTICS IN BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP OF AGRO-FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN S. BOROS-PAPP, L. VÁRALLYAI, Á. PÉNTEK 54 A SYSTEM OF SUSTAINABLE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT INDICATORS FOR RESTAURANTS G. I. FLORESCU 63 RELATION BETWEEN CORPORATE SIZE AND ICT USAGE IN AGRO-FOOD SMES SZ. BOTOS , L. VÁRALLYAI, R. SZILÁGYI, J.FELFÖLDI 73 WINE LIST OPTIMIZATION – A CUSTOMER BEHAVIOUR PERSPECTIVE I. TURCAŞ, I.C. ENACHE 81 DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT OF DIVERSIFIED FOOD PRODUCTION AND AGROTOURISM BY INNOVATIVE AGROFORESTRY EDUCATION M. HERDON, J. TAMÁS, C. BURRIEL, L. VÁRALLYAI, P. LENGYEL, J. PANCSIRA, SZ. BOTOS 3 Journal of EcoAgriTourism Vol. 14, no.1, 2018 88 CO-AUTHORSHIP NETWORK ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES ON WINE PRODUCTION P. LENGYEL, É. TÖRÖK, J. PANCSIRA, I. FÜZESI 96 MANAGEMENT OF HEALTHCARE WASTE IN THE M'SILA REGION (ALGERIA) K. REBBAS, R. BOUNAR, M. D. MIARA, S. BENHISSEN, W. HABBACHI, N. MERNIZ 105 BAKED GOODS CONSUMPTION HABITS IN THE GLUTEN FREE DIET T. CSAPÓNÉ RISKÓ, Á. PÉNTEK 114 STUDY ON ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTS OF CINNAMON ESSENTIAL OIL AND CINNAMON EXTRACTS A. ANDRIS, R. GRUIA 120 BENEFITS OF OPERATING A WEBSHOP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT Á. PÉNTEK, T. CSAPÓNÉ RISKÓ 127 SURVEY STUDY CONCERNING OF MYCOTOXINS GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR POSSIBLE PRESENCE IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD DERIVED PRODUCTS A. S. SCOLLO, A. HUZUNA, L. FLOROIAN, D. PANAIT, L. GACEU, A. MARCULESCU, O.B. OPREA, P. RESTANI, M. BADEA 135 A REVIEW OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THYMUS VULGARIS, MALALEUCA AND OCIMUM BASILICUM O.B. OPREA, N.R. SAMOILĂ, GH.C. SPIRCHEZ 141 NEWS: HONOR TO PROFESSOR SIMION POPESCU - ON THE OCCASION OF HIS 80TH ANNIVERSARY 4 Journal of EcoAgriTourism ISSN: 1844-8577 Vol. 14, no.1, 2018 INVASIVE KNOTWEED SPECIES AS A RICH SOURCE OF ANTIOXIDANTS L. POGAČNIK1*, N. POKLAR ULRIH1 1 University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Food Science and Technology, Jamnikarjeva 101, Ljubljana, SLOVENIA *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract: Variety of food is important in terms of providing essential nutrients in the human diet. Antioxidants, which allow the organism to defend against the oxidative stress, environmental pollution and other toxic substances, play an important role in the healthy human nutrition. Three alien taxons of knotweed - Japanese (Fallopia japonica), Sakhalin (Fallopia sachalinensis) and Bohemian (Fallopia x bohemica) are abundantly spread all over Europe and represent a big ecological problem, due to their rapid expansion and flexibility, which significantly alter the biodiversity of the area. At the same time, the use of knotweed in traditional Asian medicine is extensive and in many cases successful. Resveratrol is only the most known substance in Japanese knotweed and is already widely used as a dietary supplement, in cosmetics and medicine. Determination of other antioxidants and their bioactivities (e.g. antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic) from different tissues of knotweed is therefore an interesting topic that cannot change only the attitude of modern society towards these plants, but also contribute to the creation of more effective strategy for limiting their spread. The recent scientific publications are mostly focused on Japanese knotweed, while the research of Sakhalin and the Czech knotweed is limited. Hence, the characterization of these two taxons represent the new challenge due to their altered biological and chemical activity. Keywords: knotweed, invasive, antioxidants; 1. Introduction traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). China Pharmacopoeia describes and claims the use of Variety of food is important in terms of Japanese knotweed named Hu Zhang. It can be providing essential nutrients in the human diet. consumed either as young wild vegetable The antioxidants, which allow the organism to preparations from rhizomes or as a drink in the defend against the oxidative stress, form of a medicated Itadori tea. Some closely environmental pollution and other toxic substances play an important role in the healthy related species, which belong to the knotweed human nutrition . Vegetable food provides many family (Polygonaceae), for example buckwheat bioactive substances that act independently and and rhubarb, also boast many positive effects on synergistically and prevent the development of the human body and are known to contain a wide chronic and oxidative stress - related diseases. range of different antioxidants. TCM uses a Bioactive molecules present in plants are called Japanese knotweed for enhancing the functioning phytochemicals, among which antioxidants of the gall bladder, the prevention of liver prevail. In addition to plant foods the nutrition disease, lung disease associated with impaired recommendations are suggesting to consume blood circulation, treatment of elevated lipid variety of food supplements based on plant extracts and with high antioxidative activity. levels, tumors, inflammations, leukorrhea, ... Modern clinical and experimental studies have 2. Composition Invasive knotweed species shown that the individual active components 2.1. Traditional use of knotweed present in Japanese knotweed act positively on the course of many diseases. Positive effects are mainly observed in the course of cardio-vascular In traditional Asian medicine the use of knotweed (particularly Japanese species) is and nerve disease [9], [10]. There is also known to treat various diseases. The roots of evidence of its antiviral, antibacterial and Japanese knotweed were primarily used in antifungal activity [11]. Similar activity was 5 Journal of EcoAgriTourism ISSN: 1844-8577 Vol. 14, no.1, 2018 detected for the rhizome Sakhalin knotweed [12]. ground parts of the plant, and determine their Interestingly, the alternative medicine describes positive/negative effects on the organism [10], Japanese knotweed as a key component in the [15]. treatment of Lyme disease [13]. In addition to the therapeutic use, the Japanese 2.2. Invasiveness of knotweed knotweed is also used in the culinary. Young shoots are consumed in a similar way as On the other hand, alien invasive knotweed asparagus; moreover, knotweed may replace represents a big ecological problem, because of rhubarb in some dishes. Steve Brill in his book its rapid expansion and flexibility, which [14] describes Japanese knotweed, particularly its significantly alter the biodiversity of the area. young shoots, harvested to a height up to 20 cm, The ability of plants to invade an area is strongly as an excellent spring vegetable with a slightly influenced by their flexibility, regeneration sour taste. The book also mentions knotweed as a capacity and resilience. A variety of substances, good source of vitamin A and vitamin C, namely secondary metabolites, produced and manganese, zinc, potassium, and a number of secreted by plants into the surrounding area, also phenolic compounds. contribute to all of the above characteristics [21- In Asia, Japanese knotweed
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