Deliverable D2.1 State-Of-The-Art Analysis
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Deliverable D2.1 State-of-the-Art Analysis Grant agreement number: 740872 Due date of Deliverable: 31/10/2017 Start date of the project: 1 May 2017 Actual submission date: 27/10/2017 Duration: 24 months Deliverable approved by the CO: ☒ Lead Beneficiary: Friedrich Steinhäusler, ISCC Contributing Beneficiaries: Matts Ahlsén, CNet Hanna Burkow, THW Georgios Eftychidis, KEMEA Stanley Greenstein, SU George Kowalczyk, PHE Rod McCall / Ulrich Leopold, LIST Stefanie Müller, DIN Abstract Crisis managers, working in a fast-paced and mobile environment, need timely access to the latest information and intelligence and decision support tools to filter the most important information information. A key element in successful crisis management (CM) is comprehensive Situational Awareness (SA) among all stakeholders involved. This report identifies the user needs and requirements of the future EU Multi- Stakeholder Situational Awareness System (MSSAS), based on dedicated international research results and survey-based data on SA systems used by EU crisis managers. The state-of-the-art research revealed a multiplicity of ready-to-use, mostly commercial-off-the-shelve (COTS), tools providing SA. These tools fall into the following categories: Satellite- and Airborne Remote Sensing Systems, Unmanned Ground Vehicles, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Special Cameras, Special Detectors, Traffic Management and Decision Support Systems. In addition to these COTS tools, the report identifies EU FP7 projects on the development of advanced SA solutions supported by the European Commission with over € 100 million. This state-of-the-art analysis addresses also different models with regard to SA pertinent ICT architecture and technologies. An overview is provided for existing standards and ongoing standardisation activities, identifying the most important such standards. Furthermore, existing procurement processes and legal requirements are identified. It is recommended that crisis management in EU Member States consider embarking on testing and eventually introducing some of the already existing tools in their routine operations in order to optimize their response to natural and man-made disasters. Deliverable D2.1 – State-of-the Art Analysis Dissemination Level PU Public x PP Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services) RE Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services) CO Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services) History of changes Author Date Changes Release Friedrich Steinhäusler 29/09/2017 First draft 0.1 Friedrich Steinhäusler 04/10/2017 Second draft 0.2 Matts Ahlsen 10/10/2017 Third draft 0.3 George Kowalczyk 10/10/2017 Fourth draft 0.4 Hanna Burkow 13/10/2017 Fifth draft 0.5 Georgios Eftychidis 13/10/2017 Sixth draft 0.6 Stanley Greenstein/ 16/10/2017 Seventh draft 0.7 Stefanie Müller Friedrich Steinhäusler 16/10/2017 Eights draft 0.8 Lyudmila Zaitseva 17/10/2017 Ninth draft 0.9 Rod McCall / Ulrich 20/10/2017 Tenth draft 1.0 Leopold Friedrich Steinhäusler 26/10/2017 Eleventh draft 2.0 ©SAYSO Consortium 2 Public Deliverable D2.1 – State-of-the-Art Analysis Executive Summary During an emergency, crisis managers need most of all reliable information. However, when decision makers are under pressure, they can only process a small amount of information, i.e., they can be impeded in the decision making process by information overload. Crisis managers need decision support tools to filter information, ensuring a limited amount of the most important information is available to them. In addition, crisis managers work in a fast-paced and mobile environment. Therefore, they need timely access to the latest information and intelligence. In view of the importance of identifying the components of the future EU Multi-Stakeholder Standardized Situational Awareness System (MSSAS) needed by the crisis manager, specific EU- and US research results on user needs and requirements, together with results from the SAYSO questionnaire-based survey, were accounted for. Situational awareness (SA) systems currently used by EU practitioners and crisis manages were evaluated in the first SAYSO questionnaire-based survey, carried out by THW (Germany) in the summer 2017. Responses were received from police, technical relief, firefighters, paramedics, and some other organisations in the context of civil protection as regional/local administration or military aid to civil authorities.The results showed that some SA tools are in use among the different civil protection organisations – but they also showed that there are rarely holistic IT-solutions, integrating different aspects and needs while connecting different stakeholders and needs in the field of civil protection. This report provides an inventory of already existing SA tools and technologies, developed in EU Member States and outside the EU. These tools, mostly commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) products, were selected as being representative in the following categories: satellite- and airborne remote sensing systems; unmanned aerial vehicles; unmanned ground vehicles; special cameras; special detectors; traffic management tools; decision support systems. These state-of-the-art SA systems can provide a wealth of information for the crisis manager, such as: • Timely and accurate geospatial information derived from remote-sensing platforms, including satellites, aircrafts, smart balloons, or special drones; maps in the format of reference map, delineation map, grading map, map of evacuation routes, map of areas showing an area before and after the disaster; • Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV), throwable through windows or down stairways; capable of explosive detection, explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) and bomb disposal; chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) and hazardous material (HazMat) detection, and route/building clearance; • Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) providing live multicast video with day- and night sensors; equipped with detectors for toxic gas, nuclear radiation, biological agents, and chemical agents and using aerial imagery integrated with photogrammetry software to create real- time, ortho-rectified maps and 3D models of relief and structures; • Special cameras monitoring remote areas via mobile, WiFi and satellite networks; body-worn camera capable of capturing a 360° view of a scene; a remotely controlled camera-ball, taking photos in dark, hard-to-reach, or dangerous spaces; • Special detectors providing real-time georeferenced data for gamma radiation, VOCs, combustibles, toxics and oxygen, and nuclide analysis with an integrated GPS receiver allowing local assignment of the acquired data; modules for monitoring vital signs of persons ©SAYSO Consortium 3 Public Deliverable D2.1 – State-of-the-Art Analysis and forwarding them from the ambulance to the hospital prior to the patient’s arrival; motion tracking first responders to a command unit indoors, outdoors, below ground and under water, administering 3D location; • Simulating traffic situations using aerial images, inductive loops in order to optimize routing, planning evacuation routes; managing a fleet of vehicles with a live streaming feed of what’s happening, when it’s happening, from anywhere with a network connection; • Supporting decison making by visualizing location, speed and direction of personnel and vehicles in the field; off-line access to information from map portfolio, data layers, teammates locations, files and data from sensors; standoff data for hazardous material spills and reference information, guidelines, and critical contacts for IED; interactive visual communication between field personnel and command center staff, even in the event of terrestrial communications failure; tactical incident information for incidents, such as vegetation fires, floods, search & rescue missions, special events, earthquakes and security incidents; geospatial viewer with display of available data from multiple CM partners and other stakeholders; bi-directional informational flow, i.e., citizens, dispatchers, responders, and emergency personnel sharing information on one channel. In addition, several EU FP7 projects dealing with SA for emergency responders with a total amount of more than €100 million were identified in a preliminary survey. The results obtained in these R&D projects reflect a wide range of solutions with regard to the Technical Readiness Level (TRL). These technologies are not used routinely by CM in EU Member States yet, since they require further development and field tests to a varying degree before they will be commercialised. This topic area, together with a detailed analysis of related FP7 and Horizon 2020 projects, will be addressed in SAYSO Deliverable 3.4 - Roadmap for Further Advanced MSSAS Optimization. This report also addresses the architecture development concerning the MSSAS in SAYSO. It will build on state-of-the-art ICT system architectures and reference architectures. By looking at a number of architecture models and frameworks (IoT-A reference architecture, IoT-A domain model, Information model, Entity model, Resource model, Service description model, Event processing model, Functional model), the concept of architecture and reference has been exemplified. The following existing standards and related ongoing activities have been identified as pertinent for the SAYSO project: TC391 of CEN/CENELEC – CBRNe guidance; M/530 of CEN/CENELEC, addressing privacy and personal data protection management;