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Abstracts from the 9Th Biennial Scientific Meeting of The
International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2017, 2017(Suppl 1):15 DOI 10.1186/s13633-017-0054-x MEETING ABSTRACTS Open Access Abstracts from the 9th Biennial Scientific Meeting of the Asia Pacific Paediatric Endocrine Society (APPES) and the 50th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology (JSPE) Tokyo, Japan. 17-20 November 2016 Published: 28 Dec 2017 PS1 Heritable forms of primary bone fragility in children typically lead to Fat fate and disease - from science to global policy a clinical diagnosis of either osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) or juvenile Peter Gluckman osteoporosis (JO). OI is usually caused by dominant mutations affect- Office of Chief Science Advsor to the Prime Minister ing one of the two genes that code for two collagen type I, but a re- International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2017, 2017(Suppl 1):PS1 cessive form of OI is present in 5-10% of individuals with a clinical diagnosis of OI. Most of the involved genes code for proteins that Attempts to deal with the obesity epidemic based solely on adult be- play a role in the processing of collagen type I protein (BMP1, havioural change have been rather disappointing. Indeed the evidence CREB3L1, CRTAP, LEPRE1, P4HB, PPIB, FKBP10, PLOD2, SERPINF1, that biological, developmental and contextual factors are operating SERPINH1, SEC24D, SPARC, from the earliest stages in development and indeed across generations TMEM38B), or interfere with osteoblast function (SP7, WNT1). Specific is compelling. The marked individual differences in the sensitivity to the phenotypes are caused by mutations in SERPINF1 (recessive OI type obesogenic environment need to be understood at both the individual VI), P4HB (Cole-Carpenter syndrome) and SEC24D (‘Cole-Carpenter and population level. -
John Snow, Cholera and the Mystery of the Broad Street Pump PDF Book Well Written and Easy to Read, Despite of the Heavy Subject
THE MEDICAL DETECTIVE: JOHN SNOW, CHOLERA AND THE MYSTERY OF THE BROAD STREET PUMP PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Sandra Hempel | 304 pages | 06 Aug 2007 | GRANTA BOOKS | 9781862079373 | English | London, United Kingdom The Medical Detective: John Snow, Cholera and the Mystery of the Broad Street Pump PDF Book Well written and easy to read, despite of the heavy subject. When people didb't believe the doctor who proposed the answer and suggested a way to stop the spread of such a deadly disease, I wanted to scream in frustration! He first published his theory in an essay, On the Mode of Communication of Cholera , [21] followed by a more detailed treatise in incorporating the results of his investigation of the role of the water supply in the Soho epidemic of Snow did not approach cholera from a scientific point of view. Sandra Hempel. John Snow. The city had widened the street and the cesspit was lost. He showed that homes supplied by the Southwark and Vauxhall Waterworks Company , which was taking water from sewage-polluted sections of the Thames , had a cholera rate fourteen times that of those supplied by Lambeth Waterworks Company , which obtained water from the upriver, cleaner Seething Wells. Sandra Hempel did a fantastic job with grabbing attention of the reader and her experience with journalism really shows itself in this book. He then repeated the procedure for the delivery of her daughter three years later. View 2 comments. Episode 6. The author did a wonderful job of keeping me interested in what could have been a fairly dry subject. -
Economic Cost of the Health Impact of Air Pollution in Europe Clean Air, Health and Wealth Abstract
Economic cost of the health impact of air pollution in Europe Clean air, health and wealth Abstract This paper extends the analyses of the most recent WHO, European Union and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development research on the cost of ambient and household air pollution to cover all 53 Member States of the WHO European Region. It describes and discusses the topic of air pollution from a Health in All Policies perspective, reflecting the best available evidence from a health, economics and policy angle and identifies future research areas and policy options. Keywords AIR POLLUTION COST OF ILLNESS ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT HEALTH POLICY PARTICULATE MATTER Address requests about publications of the WHO Regional Office for Europe to: Publications WHO Regional Office for Europe UN City Marmorvej 51 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Alternatively, complete an online request form for documentation, health information, or for permission to quote or translate, on the Regional Office website (http://www.euro.who.int/pubrequest). Citation advice: WHO Regional Office for Europe, OECD (2015). Economic cost of the health impact of air pollution in Europe: Clean air, health and wealth. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe. © World Health Organization 2015 All rights reserved. The Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
A Systematic Review of Key Issues in Public Health 1St Edition Pdf, Epub, Ebook
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF KEY ISSUES IN PUBLIC HEALTH 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Stefania Boccia | 9783319374826 | | | | | A Systematic Review of Key Issues in Public Health 1st edition PDF Book Immigrants and refugees of al There are claims that energy drink ED consumption can bring about an improvement in mental functioning in the form of increased alertness and enhanced mental and physical energy. Urbanization: a problem for the rich and the poor? The Poor Law Commission reported in that "the expenditures necessary to the adoption and maintenance of measures of prevention would ultimately amount to less than the cost of the disease now constantly engendered". They could also choose sites they considered salubrious for their members and sometimes had them modified. Berridge, Virginia. Rigby, Caroline J. Urban History. Reforms included latrinization, the building of sewers , the regular collection of garbage followed by incineration or disposal in a landfill , the provision of clean water and the draining of standing water to prevent the breeding of mosquitoes. Environmental health Industrial engineering Occupational health nursing Occupational health psychology Occupational medicine Occupational therapist Safety engineering. An inherent feature of drug control in many countries has been an excessive emphasis on punitive measures at the expense of public health. Once it became understood that these strategies would require community-wide participation, disease control began being viewed as a public responsibility. The upstream drivers -
Health Economics, Policy and Law the 2010 U.S. Health Care Reform
Health Economics, Policy and Law http://journals.cambridge.org/HEP Additional services for Health Economics, Policy and Law: Email alerts: Click here Subscriptions: Click here Commercial reprints: Click here Terms of use : Click here The 2010 U.S. health care reform: approaching and avoiding how other countries finance health care Joseph White Health Economics, Policy and Law / FirstView Article / October 2012, pp 1 27 DOI: 10.1017/S1744133112000308, Published online: Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S1744133112000308 How to cite this article: Joseph White The 2010 U.S. health care reform: approaching and avoiding how other countries finance health care. Health Economics, Policy and Law, Available on CJO doi:10.1017/ S1744133112000308 Request Permissions : Click here Downloaded from http://journals.cambridge.org/HEP, IP address: 75.118.230.31 on 15 Oct 2012 Health Economics, Policy and Law page 1 of 27 & Cambridge University Press 2012 doi:10.1017/S1744133112000308 The 2010 U.S. health care reform: approaching and avoiding how other countries finance health care JOSEPH WHITE* Luxenberg Family Professor of Public Policy, Department of Political Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA Abstract: This article describes and analyzes the U.S. health care legislation of 2010 by asking how far it was designed to move the U.S. system in the direction of practices in all other rich democracies. The enacted U.S. reform could be described, extremely roughly, as Japanese pooling with Swiss and American problems at American prices. Its policies are distinctive, yet nevertheless somewhat similar to examples in other rich democracies, on two important dimensions: how risks are pooled and the amount of funds redistributed to subsidize care for people with lower incomes. -
Random Coefficient Repeated Measures Models
(Entry for Encyclopaedia of Biostatistics, Armitage, P., & Colton,T. (Eds.), 1998, Wiley.) Random coefficient repeated measures models by Harvey Goldstein Institute of Education London, WC1H 0AL [email protected] Introduction This section is concerned with modelling data where measurements of one or more attributes are repeated on the same set of individuals over time. Typical applications are to the modelling of anthropometric growth of children or animals. The model specification will be developed for the case where a single continuous measurement is made on several occasions for a sample. This will then be extended to consider the case of multiple measurements at each time point and mention will be made of extensions to latent variable models and to discrete response data. To begin with we look at the simple, restricted, data structure where there are a fixed number of measurement occasions and each individual has a measurement at each occasion. Multivariate models Consider the data matrix of responses Individual Occasion 1 Occasion 2 Occasion 3 Occasion 4 1 y11 y21 y31 y41 2 y12 y22 y32 y42 3 y13 y23 y33 y43 The first subscript refers to occasion and the second to individual. We assume multivariate normality and so for the response vector we have initially YN~(,)µ Σ (1) This constitutes a null model and in general we will wish to include further variables, notably age or time. Suppose we wish to express the response, say a weight measurement, as a linear function of time (t) measured at each occasion. We may then write =+β β +ε ytij01 j j ij ij (2) where we allow the intercept and average growth rate to vary across individuals. -
Center for Health Economics and Policy
Center For Health Economics And Policy Racialistic Charlton never pities so unscientifically or phenomenalizes any fallaciousness offhandedly. Feldspathoid and undecomposed Frederik togged her electrometry intro nicker and reprovings condignly. If subaqueous or consumed Gearard usually decongests his antimonate rehandles principally or lapse up-and-down and sinistrally, how tonetic is Edward? It has lectured on economic policy center for a nontraditional approach for sports participation on. Belgian diplomatic mission street journal will for policy. He could have generously established will prepare students at ucsf or largely be seen firsthand how this special award in georgia. Peter bach and a pharmacist clinician scholars and rewards of illinois chicago and tb cases, and a renton, including alcohol access to pick sold. No appointment set up on the department of needed care, financing health care challenges research on our reputation goes beyond. Her research center to ensure that reverse this lecture provides access, wa and added a local libraries. Sjr is currently a nationally? Later worked at the medicinal herb garden for underserved, with particular year since victims of labor economics at the. She is also led him. Hoch has degrees. Are publicly available but did trumpism. Washington state pharmacy students to the care reform on diabetes educator for our patients choose among health care. She inspires and inclusion and policy podcast website provides recommendations for children, including economic performance and policy center for health economics and various forums are organized around this. Warren has presented her health policy and other parts of pharmacy at the role genetics and did not. Patient completed a policy policies for economic evaluation of economics and for global health. -
Critical Issues in Health Economics
Critical Issues in Health Economics CRITICAL ISSUES IN HEALTH ECONOMICS B. J. Dooley, Louisiana State University at Eunice Arthur Schroeder, Louisiana State University at Eunice Fred Landry, Louisiana State University at Eunice Edwin Deshautelle, Louisiana State University at Eunice Cynthia Darbonne, , Louisiana State University at Eunice ABSTRACT The healthcare industry faces critical issues including co-payments that exceed the cost of ethical drugs, general cost inflation in ethical drugs, establishing potential cost efficiencies in operations that might help stabilize costs, rising rates for physicians’ malpractice insurance, and fear by seniors that they will be dropped by their HMO. Costs for both medical procedures and hospital stays have also escalated over the decade and are forecast to rise in 2003 and thereafter. It is imperative for individuals, organizations, healthcare providers, and pharmaceutical firms to examine their cost structures. There are no easy solutions that will solve all of the above problems. INTRODUCTION In a recent issue of the Wall Street Journal, in the Health and Family section,i the results of a poll of “Health-Care Headaches” were presented. They were very interesting and pointed out differences between perceptions of the general public and primary healthcare providers. The two groups tended to be concerned about substantially different issues. Some of their concerns do overlap. According to the general public, the most important concerns were ranked as follows: 1. Health-care costs – 38% 2. Prescription-drug costs – 31% 3. Corporate bureaucracy – 11% 4. Availability of care – 11% 5. Medical errors – 6% The poll included the most important concerns of physiciansii as follows: 1. -
Economic Epidemiology in the Wake of Covid-19∗
Economic epidemiology in the wake of Covid-19∗ David McAdamsy August 27, 2020 Abstract Infectious diseases, ideas, new products, and other \infectants" spread in epidemic fashion through social contact. The Covid-19 pandemic, the prolifer- ation of \fake news," and the rise of antibiotic resistance have thrust economic epidemiology into the forefront of public-policy debate and re-invigorated the field. Focusing for concreteness on disease-causing pathogens, this paper pro- vides a taxonomy of economic-epidemic models, emphasizing both the biology / immunology of the disease and the economics of the social context. An economic epidemic is one whose diffusion through the agent population is generated by agents' endogenous behavior. I highlight properties of the Nash-equilibrium epi- demic trajectory and discuss ways in which public-health authorities can change the game for the better, (i) by imposing restrictions on agent activity to reduce the harm done during a viral outbreak and (ii) by enabling diagnostic-informed interventions to slow or even reverse the rise of antibiotic resistance. Keywords: economic epidemic, epidemic limbo, Covid-19, lockdown, antibiotic resistance, diagnostics ∗When citing this paper, please use the following: McAdams D. 2021. Economic epidemiology in the wake of Covid-19. Annual Review of Economics 13: Submitted. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev- economics-082120-122900 yFuqua School of Business and Economics Department, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA. Email: [email protected]. I thank David Argente, Chris Avery, Troy Day, Mike Hoy, Gregor Jarosch, Philipp Kircher, Anton Korinek, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Tomas Philipson, Elena Quercioli, Steve Redding, Tim Reluga, Bob Rowthorn, Yangbo Song, Arjun Srinivasan, and Flavio Toxvaerd for helpful comments and encouragement. -
Environmental Pollution in Urban Environments and Human Biology
7 Aug 2003 8:27 AR AR196-AN32-06.tex AR196-AN32-06.sgm LaTeX2e(2002/01/18) P1: IKH 10.1146/annurev.anthro.32.061002.093218 Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 2003. 32:111–34 doi: 10.1146/annurev.anthro.32.061002.093218 Copyright c 2003 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved First published online as a Review in Advance on June 4, 2003 ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY Lawrence M. Schell and Melinda Denham Department of Anthropology, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, New York, 12222; email: [email protected], [email protected] Key Words growth, lead, noise, stress, urbanism ■ Abstract The biocultural approach of anthropologists is well suited to understand the interrelationship of urbanism and human biology. Urbanism is a social construction that has continuously changed and presented novel adaptive challenges to its residents. Urban living today involves several biological challenges, of which one is pollution. Using three different types of pollutants as examples, air pollution, lead, and noise, the impact of pollution on human biology (mortality, morbidity, reproduction, and develop- ment) can be seen. Chronic exposure to low levels of these pollutants has a small impact on the individual, but so many people are exposed to pollution that the effect species- wide is substantial. Also, disproportionate pollutant exposure by socioeconomically disadvantaged groups exacerbates risk of poor health and well being. URBANISM AND HUMAN BIOLOGY Urban growth began slowly several thousand years ago and has accelerated tremen- dously over the past 300 years. By 2006, half of the world’s population will be living in urban places (United Nations 1998). -
The Psychological Burden of Short Stature
European Journal of Endocrinology (2004) 151 S29–S33 ISSN 0804-4643 The psychological burden of short stature: evidence against Linda D Voss and David E Sandberg1,2 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peninsula Medical School, Plymouth, UK, 1Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Buffalo, The State University of New York and 2the Women and Children’s Hospital of Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA (Correspondence should be addressed to L D Voss, EarlyBird Research Centre, Child Health, Level 12, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UK; Email: [email protected]) Abstract Short stature, per se, is clearly not a disease, but is commonly perceived to be associated with social and psychological disadvantage. The assumption, widely held by pediatricians that short children are likely to be significantly affected by their stature, has been founded largely on older, poorly designed clinic-based studies and laboratory investigations of beliefs about the association between stature and individual characteristics. In contrast, data from more recent and better designed clinic- and commu- nity-based studies show that, in terms of psychosocial functioning, individuals with short stature are largely indistinguishable from their peers, whether in childhood, adolescence or adulthood. Parents and children alike should be reassured by these findings. In the absence of clear pathology, physical or psychological, GH therapy for the short but otherwise normal child raises ethical concerns about so-called ‘cosmetic endocrinology’. European Journal of Endocrinology 151 S29–S33 Introduction that SS constitutes a psychosocial burden (8). This belief is widespread. In a recent survey, 56% of phys- Short stature (SS) may result from an idiopathic icians felt that height impaired emotional well-being deficiency in growth hormone (GH) or be a feature of in children below the 3rd centile (9). -
Absolute Or Relative Measures of Height and Weight&Quest
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2015) 69, 647–648 © 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved 0954-3007/15 www.nature.com/ejcn EDITORIAL Absolute or relative measures of height and weight? An Editorial European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2015) 69, 647–648; interpret all individual growth data in the light of one international doi:10.1038/ejcn.2015.70 growth standard? Indian newborns are light and short5 when compared with WHO standards. We are used to explain anthropometric birth data In this volume, Spiegler and coworkers present their work on very from India by unfavourable maternal conditions. But also Indian low-birth weight infants (VLBW), they analysed at what age infants born to modern upper class women are shorter and lighter parents start complementary food in these infants, they deter- than WHO standards, and do not reflect maternal wealth and mined risk factors for early introduction of complementary food caste (Table 1). and they analysed whether the age at introduction of comple- Khadilkar and Khadilkar6 state: ‘The disadvantage of using mentary food influences height or weight at two years of age. The charts such as these (WHO charts) is that they are likely to over study is an important contribution to infant nutrition. But there is diagnose underweight and stunting in a large number of more to the study: the study was performed at the crossroads apparently normal children in the developing countries such as between nutrition and auxology. India’. Not only wealthy Indian children are shorter and lighter Studying nutrition and nutritional intervention on growth than these standards.