Attila the Hun: Barbarian Terror and the Fall of the Roman Empire Pdf, Epub, Ebook

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Attila the Hun: Barbarian Terror and the Fall of the Roman Empire Pdf, Epub, Ebook ATTILA THE HUN: BARBARIAN TERROR AND THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Christopher Kelly | 320 pages | 03 Sep 2009 | Vintage Publishing | 9781844139156 | English | London, United Kingdom Attila The Hun: Barbarian Terror and the Fall of the Roman Empire PDF Book Following Priscus, Kelly argues that Attila was not an irrational barbarian but a sophisticated ruler who played a clever hand in contemporary international politics. Pretty much what one wants out of a general history. However, he's not the nail in the coffin but certainly the hammer. I'm not sure. They would also have been trained as archers, for the Huns were renowned for being able to dispatch arrows with great accuracy from horseback in battle. They were just another Central Asian nomadic people, moving west like countless other tribes. So the first half is Roman history leading up to the Hun invasion and the second half is taken from a Roman historian who was actually present for most of the events during and after. Face-Off on the Catalaunian Plains Two fateful moments marked the battle. Release 15 February Limited by lack of sources, it about as definitive as we are likely to get. ISBN Oct 01, Elisheva rated it really liked it. Refresh and try again. The Huns were not savages on horseback, sweeping suddenly out of Asia to the gates of Rome only to vanish again. This battle revealed to the Goths, in particular, that the Roman empire was not as strong as they had hitherto believed. There is a notes and further reading section for each chapter at the end of the book. Easy to read and covers the main points without going overboard with intricate details. The retreat from Italy marked the beginning of the end for Attila. With a little more diplomacy and a commitment to administration he could have seized all northern Europe, had Honoria in marriage, created a dynasty that ruled from the Atlantic to the Urals, from the Alps to the Baltic. From the few facts that can be established one thing is clear — we are dealing with an astonishing personality who grips the imagination, says John Man. Interestingly, among the Hun weaponry was a lasso in which the Hun rider would twirl and capture his opponent before stabbing him to death. This makes it hard to say anything for certain about them. It stands in the city of Trier, sacked by Attila on his way to Gaul. Not the greatest writing but worth the effort. Attila The Hun: Barbarian Terror and the Fall of the Roman Empire Writer With an OverDrive account, you can save your favorite libraries for at-a-glance information about availability. Account Options Anmelden. In the early fourth century, they began moving westward across the steppe into Europe until the Roman border stopped their advance. His sons fought one another for mastery, and all of them lost. This fierce nomadic people swept in from the east and conquered their way to the Goth territories that lay north of the Danube. Christopher Kelly S ource: Public Domain. He is said to have been the progenitor of the Pelasgians or Pelasgi , who are a mysterious people, as little is known for certain about them. This battle revealed to the Goths, in particular, that the Roman empire was not as strong as they had hitherto believed. Kelly even takes down the idea that the Huns were Mongolian descended and states his belief that it's much more likely that they were from modern day Kazakhstan. The Roman Empire of the fifth century was divided into two. The Romans simply couldn't fight on all fronts at the same time. The western empire, although it initially supported such an invasion, as it would weaken one of their enemies, ended up allying itself with the Visigoths against Attila. Interestingly, among the Hun weaponry was a lasso in which the Hun rider would twirl and capture his opponent before stabbing him to death. Marcus Aurelius. With all the repetition, it almost seems that Kelly doesn't have enough to talk about. Author Christopher Kelly. It may be that, in order to stay in power, he required a major demonstration of strength. Kelly refuses to speculate on the origin of the Huns since there are no hunnic sources available. Christopher Kelly's book on Attila, the Huns and their influence on the fall of the Roman empire was a good read It is also plausible that it was a combination of factors that caused Attila to cease in invasion. Was There Ever a Trojan War? In the following years, the Huns won a number of victories in the eastern empire; however, Attila failed to penetrate the defences of Constantinople. Bored by her life of wealth, she had an affair with her chamberlain, Eugenius. The Roman historian Ammianus Marcellinus wrote about the Huns around , roughly a generation before Attila's birth, that they "exceed any definition of savagery," and that they are "so ugly and hideously distorted that they could be mistaken for two-legged beasts. The Yellow Peril. The sources mention that the Huns did something with three metals, gold, silver and iron, which eventually inspired a legend that he was buried inside a triple coffin. Of course the Huns did not have permanent settlements but they did not sleep in wagons and they cooked their meat, thank you. Sometimes he fought as a Roman ally against other "barbarians. The author tells the reader from the beginning that all the information comes from the Roman side of the story, since the Huns did not have a written record of their own history. The ambassador, a young aristocrat named Maximinus, was completely out of the loop. Throughout the s and 30s, the Eastern Roman emperor Theodosius II paid the Huns lb of gold a year just to stay away. The book does a good job and I learned a few new things about the huns and his argument that the Huns are not the same as the xiang nu was persuasive and had me convinced that I was wrong on this information so for that and some of the references I hadn't heard of before makes it a good book for me. In the spring of AD , Attila crossed the river Rhine at the head of a vast army. City Sackers The Huns used both artillery and assault towers to begin their attacks on walled cities. He was a powerful warlord and an astute politician, keeping a diverse confederation of tribes together for decades. Read more Aetius had spent his youth as a hostage with the Huns and had grown up with Attila. Here Attila, dressed simply and without ornament, sat on a raised couch at the head of the company. Jun 28, Kenneth Sherman rated it it was amazing. The Huns in their frequent military campaigns were willing to slaughter their victims and plunder their assets. Attila The Hun: Barbarian Terror and the Fall of the Roman Empire Reviews Instead, the Empire was divided into the Eastern and Western Empires and that division helped bring about its downfall - not Attila. Also dips into plenty of snark about Christianity and as he calls it "civilization. In the following years, the Huns won a number of victories in the eastern empire; however, Attila failed to penetrate the defences of Constantinople. There is a notes and further reading section for each chapter at the end of the book. Even his death was disappointing. Nothing revealed his addiction to war more than the astonishing way in which he justified it. Attila the Hun. Most readers can't take more than 30 pages at a time, especially of dense material. The second half of the book was better, as I said earlier, and read almost like a novel. Hope it's not just because I'm getting old, but I wasn't always clear on what was going on. I didn't like his overuse of modern concepts such as asylum seekers, binge drinking, etc to describe this remote period in order to make it more accessible to today's reader - they came across as anachronistic and made me distrust his interpretation as too glib. This barbarian threat intensified when the Huns, with their very different Turkish roots, emerged from what is now the Ukraine. The failed Roman policies to contain the Huns, Vandals, and so forth were explained in an easy-to-understand way. Photograph by Prisma Archivo. The first shoe dropped with a thud; I was waiting for the second. Hun warriors who crossed the Balkans on their way to Constantinople in could have watered their horses in the Loire in , and then the next year bathed in the Po. Drawing on original texts, including first-person accounts by Roman historians, and filled with visuals of Roman and. He struck fear into the hearts of Romans, and demanded mountains of riches in tribute from them. I am a university student doing a BA degree in Archaeology. It was the last large scale battle a Western Roman force would ever fight. This is an excellent book! Well done and well-researched history about Atilla the Hun and the end of the Western Roman Empire, but not without its flaws. Its also a really good book for someone who wants to learn about this portion of history. Read more Ancient Origins has been quoted by:. But the book is uneven. This went well as a companion piece to the book on Caesar I've recently read. A Backward Steppe. Quotes from The End of Empire Attila The Hun: Barbarian Terror and the Fall of the Roman Empire Read Online Only within the local health authority.
Recommended publications
  • Embassies – Negotiations – Gifts Bassies As a Basic Feature of International They Travel and How Far? Nechaeva Scru- Communication
    This book offers an original approach to the status significance of such donations. GH 30 late Roman and early Byzantine diplo- Ambassadors, who embodied high-level macy as a system. Assessing both official diplomacy, delivered gifts, led talks, and Ekaterina Nechaeva and clandestine perspectives, Ekaterina mediated international dialogue. Who Nechaeva examines the working mech- were these envoys? How dangerous and anisms of this diplomatic machine and adventurous were their missions? What reveals the ‘block’ organization of em- were these expeditions like? How did Embassies – Negotiations – Gifts bassies as a basic feature of international they travel and how far? Nechaeva scru- communication. Negotiations were split tinizes these and further questions by Systems of East Roman Diplomacy in Late Antiquity into several phases and accompanied by investigating the practices of ambassa- elaborate protocol and rich ceremony. dorial business. Throughout the book the Gift exchange and the distribution of in- analysis of secret negotiations, the intelli- signia comprised a vital part of the diplo- gence system and spy activities of envoys, matic process. What were the semantics plots and political murders reveals the of these symbolic acts? The study accents shadowy side of diplomacy. Embassies – Negotiations – GiftsEmbassies – Negotiations www.steiner-verlag.de VSWG Alte Geschichte Geographica Historica 30 Franz Steiner Verlag Franz Steiner Verlag ISBN 978-3-515-10632-0 Ekaterina Nechaeva 9 7 8 3 5 1 5 1 0 6 3 2 0 Ekaterina Nechaeva Embassies – Negotiations – Gifts geographica historica Begründet von Ernst Kirsten, herausgegeben von Eckart Olshausen und Vera Sauer Band 30 Ekaterina Nechaeva Embassies – Negotiations – Gifts Systems of East Roman Diplomacy in Late Antiquity Franz Steiner Verlag Satz: Vera Sauer Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek: Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über <http://dnb.d-nb.de> abrufbar.
    [Show full text]
  • Hunnic Warfare in the Fourth and Fifth Centuries C.E.: Archery and the Collapse of the Western Roman Empire
    HUNNIC WARFARE IN THE FOURTH AND FIFTH CENTURIES C.E.: ARCHERY AND THE COLLAPSE OF THE WESTERN ROMAN EMPIRE A Thesis Submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the Faculty of Arts and Science. TRENT UNIVERSITY Peterborough, Ontario, Canada © Copyright by Laura E. Fyfe 2016 Anthropology M.A. Graduate Program January 2017 ABSTRACT Hunnic Warfare in the Fourth and Fifth Centuries C.E.: Archery and the Collapse of the Western Roman Empire Laura E. Fyfe The Huns are one of the most misunderstood and mythologized barbarian invaders encountered by the Roman Empire. They were described by their contemporaries as savage nomadic warriors with superior archery skills, and it is this image that has been written into the history of the fall of the Western Roman Empire and influenced studies of Late Antiquity through countless generations of scholarship. This study examines evidence of Hunnic archery, questions the acceptance and significance of the “Hunnic archer” image, and situates Hunnic archery within the context of the fall of the Western Roman Empire. To achieve a more accurate picture of the importance of archery in Hunnic warfare and society, this study undertakes a mortuary analysis of burial sites associated with the Huns in Europe, a tactical and logistical study of mounted archery and Late Roman and Hunnic military engagements, and an analysis of the primary and secondary literature. Keywords: Archer, Archery, Army, Arrow, Barbarian, Bow, Burial Assemblages, Byzantine, Collapse, Composite Bow, Frontier, Hun, Logistics, Migration Period, Roman, Roman Empire, Tactics, Weapons Graves ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would first like to thank my thesis advisor, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Reshaping East Roman Diplomacy with Barbarians During the 5Th Century
    Chapter 1 From Hegemony to Negotiation: Reshaping East Roman Diplomacy with Barbarians during the 5th Century Audrey Becker Introduction During the first half of the 4th century ad, thanks to their military power, the Romans had been giving the barbarian tribes bordering the Danube and the Rhine no choice but to accept the conclusion of deditio after losing the war, leav- ing them in a very humiliating position.1 Yet, the military and political events of the second half of the 4th century ad, and even more of the 5th century ad, led the Romans to reconsider their relationship with the barbarian tribes.2 The characteristics of diplomatic relationship changed even before the defeat at Andrinople in 378, because the barbarian tribes, in the middle of the 4th cen- tury, gradually became able to restore the balance of power, leading the Eastern Roman Empire to reconsider its relations with its barbarian neighbours. This compelled the Byzantine Empire, from the end of the 4th century onward, to take into account barbarian leaders or kings who became, at that time, real dip- lomatic actors playing, of necessity, with formal rules of diplomatic protocol to 1 For instance, Constantinus with the Sarmatians in 323: Zosimus, Historia Nova 2.21.3, ed.Paschoud (Paris, 2000), p. 92; Julian in 358 with the Alemanni kings Suomarius and Hor- tarius: Ammianus Marcellinus, Res Gestae 17.10.3, ed. Sabbah (Paris, 1989), p. 64; Ammianus Marcellinus 17.10.9, p. 66; Constantius ii, in 358 as well, with the kings of the Sarmatians and Quadi: Ammianus Marcellinus 17.12.9–16, pp.
    [Show full text]
  • Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (Ca
    Conversion and Empire: Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (ca. 300-900) by Alexander Borislavov Angelov A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in The University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor John V.A. Fine, Jr., Chair Professor Emeritus H. Don Cameron Professor Paul Christopher Johnson Professor Raymond H. Van Dam Associate Professor Diane Owen Hughes © Alexander Borislavov Angelov 2011 To my mother Irina with all my love and gratitude ii Acknowledgements To put in words deepest feelings of gratitude to so many people and for so many things is to reflect on various encounters and influences. In a sense, it is to sketch out a singular narrative but of many personal “conversions.” So now, being here, I am looking back, and it all seems so clear and obvious. But, it is the historian in me that realizes best the numerous situations, emotions, and dilemmas that brought me where I am. I feel so profoundly thankful for a journey that even I, obsessed with planning, could not have fully anticipated. In a final analysis, as my dissertation grew so did I, but neither could have become better without the presence of the people or the institutions that I feel so fortunate to be able to acknowledge here. At the University of Michigan, I first thank my mentor John Fine for his tremendous academic support over the years, for his friendship always present when most needed, and for best illustrating to me how true knowledge does in fact produce better humanity.
    [Show full text]
  • 33 Hungarian Histories
    Miklós M. Molnár 33 HUNGARIAN HISTORIES HUNGARIAN IDENTITY THROUGH PORTRAITS www.CatchBudapest.com Table of Contents Preface ........................................................................................ 5 How to Read this Book (Preface by the Author) ............................. 6 In Search of Roots ....................................................................... 8 Attila the Hun, Our Hun ............................................................................. 9 Chief Árpád, The Founding Father ............................................................ 13 Sándor Kőrösi-Csoma, Seeking Hungarian roots, founding Tibetology .... 16 Ármin Vámbéry, The Dervish in Disguise ................................................. 19 Nation Builders ......................................................................... 23 Mátyás, The King in Disguise ................................................................... 24 István Széchenyi, The Greatest of the Magyars ........................................ 28 Albert Apponyi, The Architect of Trianon ................................................ 32 Mihály Károlyi, The Red Count ................................................................ 36 Anna Kéthly, A Friend of Social Justice, a Thorn in the Side of Politicians ................................................................................................. 40 László Rajk, The Man who was Buried Three Times ................................ 43 Voices .......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Things Fall Apart
    ChurchChurch HistoryHistory ChurchChurch HistoryHistory IntroductionIntroduction toto ChurchChurch HistoryHistory st rd TheThe AncientAncient ChurchChurch AD 11st-3-3rd centuriescenturies th th TheThe RiseRise ofof ChristendomChristendom AD 44th-5-5th centuriescenturies th th TheThe EarlyEarly MiddleMiddle AgesAges AD 66th-10-10th centuriescenturies th th TheThe AgeAge ofof CrusadesCrusades AD 1111th-13-13th centuriescenturies th th TheThe RenaissanceRenaissance AD 1414th-15-15th centuriescenturies th ConquestConquest andand ReformationReformation AD 1616th centurycentury th th TheThe AgeAge ofof EnlightenmentEnlightenment AD 1717th-18-18th centuriescenturies th TheThe AgeAge ofof RevolutionRevolution AD 1919th centurycentury th TheThe ModernModern AgeAge AD 2020th centurycentury st TheThe PostmodernPostmodern AgeAge AD 2121st centurycentury ChurchChurch HistoryHistory IntroductionIntroduction toto ChurchChurch HistoryHistory st rd TheThe AncientAncient ChurchChurch AD 11st-3-3rd centuriescenturies th th TheThe RiseRise ofof ChristendomChristendom AD 44th-5-5th centuriescenturies Constantine: The Thirteenth Apostle The First Ecumenical Council The Constantinian Line The Establishment of Christendom The Second Ecumenical Council Fathers of the New Church Things Fall Apart... TheThe RiseRise ofof ChristendomChristendom TheThe FallFall ofof thethe RomanRoman EmpireEmpire tooktook aa whilewhile 410410 AlaricAlaric andand hishis VisigothsVisigoths sackedsacked RomeRome ItIt waswas aa horrifichorrific threethree days,days, butbut thenthen itit
    [Show full text]
  • Measuring the Power of the Roman Empire
    26 Potter Chapter 2 Measuring the Power of the Roman Empire David Potter By the age of Cicero – the point at which they began to recognize the fact that they controlled a territorial empire and could raise revenue from it – the Ro- mans were accustomed to measure their power with criteria taken over whole- sale from Greek theory. In the De Legibus, Cicero says simply that senators ought to know the state of the army, the treasury, the allies, friends and tribu- taries of Rome and the nature of the attachment of each to Rome. For Cicero this is what it was to “know the State.”1 In these terms power is a function of income and manpower. Such a measurement, which, as we shall see, would have a long history going forward, was even then being amply employed by Gaius Caesar in his Gallic Wars, and had a long prior history in Greek thought. Caesar famously illustrated the power of the various Gallic and German tribes he subdued or encountered by telling his readers how many of them there were or had been. Good of the Helvetians to have produced a census docu- ment (in Greek no less) attesting to the fact that there were 368,000 of them at the beginning of their migration. There were now a mere 110,000 going home. The Suebi, the most powerful of the Germans were said (a nice concession on Caesar’s part) to have controlled one hundred districts which each furnished 1000 men to fight each year – since the same warriors only fought every other year, this meant that there were at least 200,000 of them, and there were nearly 250,000 Gauls who came to the relief of Vercingetorix (including men from tribes such as the Nervii that Caesar claimed to have annihilated in recent years).2 A conception of state power as a function of demography and money would have been familiar to any Roman aristocrat who knew (as any Roman aristo- crat would have) the works of fifth-century Greek historians.
    [Show full text]
  • A Game of Power Courtly Influence on the Decision-Making of Emperor Theodosius II (R
    A game of power Courtly influence on the decision-making of emperor Theodosius II (r. 408-450) Research Master Thesis Supervisor: Prof. Dr. L.V. Rutgers Consulting reader: Dr. R. Strootman RMA Ancient, Medieval and Renaissance Studies Utrecht University 16-06-2013 Emma Groeneveld [email protected] 3337707 1 Index Preface ................................................................................................................. 3 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 4 1. Court studies ..................................................................................................... 8 2. Theodosius ......................................................................................................20 3. High officials ....................................................................................................25 4. Eunuchs ..........................................................................................................40 5. Royal women ...................................................................................................57 6. Analysis ...........................................................................................................69 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................83 Bibliography.........................................................................................................86 Appendix I. ..........................................................................................................92
    [Show full text]
  • Attila the Hun: a Barbarian King and the Fall of Rome Free
    FREE ATTILA THE HUN: A BARBARIAN KING AND THE FALL OF ROME PDF John Man | 416 pages | 17 Apr 2006 | Transworld Publishers Ltd | 9780553816587 | English | London, United Kingdom Attila The Hun: Who Was The “Scourge Of God” Who Terrorised The Romans? - HistoryExtra Attila the Hun c— was the leader of the ancient nomadic people known as the Huns from to AD and ruler of the Hunnic Empire. He was a Attila the Hun: A Barbarian King and the Fall of Rome warlord and an astute politician, keeping a diverse confederation of tribes together for decades. He was also a successful crime lord, extorting money from his enemies with a ruthlessness that exceeded any later mafia don, says Miles Russell. Unfortunately we know very little of the man himself, for the Huns failed to write their own version of history. Born into Hunnic aristocracy early in the fifth century, Attila and his elder brother Bleda were nephews of King Rugila. The Huns were a nomadic, pastoralist society who, from the fourth century AD, had been migrating west towards the Roman Empire. Growing up, Bleda and Attila would have learnt to ride almost as soon as they could walk. They would also have been trained as archers, for the Huns were renowned for being able to dispatch arrows with great accuracy from horseback in battle. He was certainly known to have had many wives, polygamy helping to bind the Hunnic clans together. When King Rugila died inhe was succeeded by his nephews. Inhowever, Bleda was dead. Yet given what he achieved, it is hard to understand why, says John Man.
    [Show full text]
  • Calendar of Roman Events
    Introduction Steve Worboys and I began this calendar in 1980 or 1981 when we discovered that the exact dates of many events survive from Roman antiquity, the most famous being the ides of March murder of Caesar. Flipping through a few books on Roman history revealed a handful of dates, and we believed that to fill every day of the year would certainly be impossible. From 1981 until 1989 I kept the calendar, adding dates as I ran across them. In 1989 I typed the list into the computer and we began again to plunder books and journals for dates, this time recording sources. Since then I have worked and reworked the Calendar, revising old entries and adding many, many more. The Roman Calendar The calendar was reformed twice, once by Caesar in 46 BC and later by Augustus in 8 BC. Each of these reforms is described in A. K. Michels’ book The Calendar of the Roman Republic. In an ordinary pre-Julian year, the number of days in each month was as follows: 29 January 31 May 29 September 28 February 29 June 31 October 31 March 31 Quintilis (July) 29 November 29 April 29 Sextilis (August) 29 December. The Romans did not number the days of the months consecutively. They reckoned backwards from three fixed points: The kalends, the nones, and the ides. The kalends is the first day of the month. For months with 31 days the nones fall on the 7th and the ides the 15th. For other months the nones fall on the 5th and the ides on the 13th.
    [Show full text]
  • Nominalia of the Bulgarian Rulers an Essay by Ilia Curto Pelle
    Nominalia of the Bulgarian rulers An essay by Ilia Curto Pelle Bulgaria is a country with a rich history, spanning over a millennium and a half. However, most Bulgarians are unaware of their origins. To be honest, the quantity of information involved can be overwhelming, but once someone becomes invested in it, he or she can witness a tale of the rise and fall, steppe khans and Christian emperors, saints and murderers of the three Bulgarian Empires. As delving deep in the history of Bulgaria would take volumes upon volumes of work, in this essay I have tried simply to create a list of all Bulgarian rulers we know about by using different sources. So, let’s get to it. Despite there being many theories for the origin of the Bulgars, the only one that can show a historical document supporting it is the Hunnic one. This document is the Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans, dating back to the 8th or 9th century, which mentions Avitohol/Attila the Hun as the first Bulgarian khan. However, it is not clear when the Bulgars first joined the Hunnic Empire. It is for this reason that all the Hunnic rulers we know about will also be included in this list as khans of the Bulgars. The rulers of the Bulgars and Bulgaria carry the titles of khan, knyaz, emir, elteber, president, and tsar. This list recognizes as rulers those people, who were either crowned as any of the above, were declared as such by the people, despite not having an official coronation, or had any possession of historical Bulgarian lands (in modern day Bulgaria, southern Romania, Serbia, Albania, Macedonia, and northern Greece), while being of royal descent or a part of the royal family.
    [Show full text]
  • Bowl Round 5 – MIDDLE SCHOOL First Quarter
    IHBB Beta Bowl 2018-2019 Bowl Round 5 Bowl Round 5 – MIDDLE SCHOOL First Quarter (1) Henry Jennings was one of many of these people who based their forces in Port Royal. A famous leader of these people, Edward Teach, renamed a captured merchant vessel the Queen Anne’s Revenge. For ten points, name this occupation of Blackbeard and other seafaring criminals. ANSWER: pirates (2) This monarch tried to force Scotland to give up Queen Mary in marriage to his son in the War of the Rough Wooing. This king executed his advisor Thomas More and effectively replaced him with the author of the Book of Common Prayer, Thomas Cranmer, because More did not attend the coronation of Anne Boleyn. For ten points, name this English king who ordered the executions of two of his six wives. ANSWER: Henry VIII of England (prompt on Henry) (3) The Bodhnath Stupa is a major landmark in this country’s capital, where Gurkha soldiers have been recruited for decades. Kangchenjunga is located on this country’s border with the Indian state of Sikkim, and climbers of it and other mountains have helped develop this country’s tourism industry. For ten points, name this country whose border with China is home to Mount Everest. ANSWER: Nepal (4) This leader’s policies helped put the SEAT 600 automobile into mass production, leading to his country’s economic “miracle.” This leader saw action in the Rif War and eventually became the leader of the Falange party. Juan Carlos I succeeded this man, whose forces were supported by the Condor Legion during a 1930s civil war.
    [Show full text]