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Monday Volume 572 9 December 2013 No. 90

HOUSE OF COMMONS OFFICIAL REPORT

PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES (HANSARD)

Monday 9 December 2013

£5·00 © Parliamentary Copyright House of Commons 2013 This publication may be reproduced under the terms of the Open Parliament licence, which is published at www.parliament.uk/site-information/copyright/. HER MAJESTY’S GOVERNMENT

MEMBERS OF THE CABINET

(FORMED BY THE RT HON.,MP,MAY 2010)

PRIME MINISTER,FIRST LORD OF THE TREASURY AND MINISTER FOR THE CIVIL SERVICE—The Rt Hon. David Cameron, MP DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER AND LORD PRESIDENT OF THE COUNCIL—The Rt Hon. , MP FIRST SECRETARY OF STATE AND SECRETARY OF STATE FOR FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH AFFAIRS—The Rt Hon. , MP CHANCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER—The Rt Hon. , MP CHIEF SECRETARY TO THE TREASURY—The Rt Hon. , MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE HOME DEPARTMENT—The Rt Hon. , MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR DEFENCE—The Rt Hon. , MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR BUSINESS,INNOVATION AND SKILLS—The Rt Hon. , MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR WORK AND PENSIONS—The Rt Hon. , MP AND SECRETARY OF STATE FOR JUSTICE—The Rt Hon. , MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR EDUCATION—The Rt Hon. , MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR COMMUNITIES AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT—The Rt Hon. , MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR HEALTH—The Rt Hon. , MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR ENVIRONMENT,FOOD AND RURAL AFFAIRS—The Rt Hon. , MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT—The Rt Hon. , MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR SCOTLAND—The Rt Hon. , MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE—The Rt Hon. Edward Davey, MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR TRANSPORT—The Rt Hon. Patrick McLoughlin, MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR CULTURE,MEDIA AND SPORT AND MINISTER FOR WOMEN AND EQUALITIES—The Rt Hon. , MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR NORTHERN IRELAND—The Rt Hon. , MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR WALES—The Rt Hon. David Jones, MP LEADER OF THE AND CHANCELLOR OF THE DUCHY OF LANCASTER—The Rt Hon. Lord Hill of Oareford, CBE

DEPARTMENTS OF STATE AND MINISTERS Business, Innovation and Skills— SECRETARY OF STATE AND PRESIDENT OF THE BOARD OF TRADE—The Rt Hon. Vince Cable, MP MINISTERS OF STATE— The Rt Hon. , MP (Minister for Universities and Science) The Rt Hon. , MP § Matthew Hancock, MP § (Minister for Skills and Enterprise) Lord Green of Hurstpierpoint (Minister for Trade and Investment) § PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARIES OF STATE— , MP § Viscount Younger of Leckie — MINISTER FOR THE CABINET OFFICE AND —The Rt Hon. , MP MINISTERS OF STATE— The Rt Hon. , MP (Minister for Government Policy) The Rt Hon. , MP § Nick Hurd, MP (Minister for Civil Society) The Rt Hon. , MP PARLIAMENTARY SECRETARY— Joseph Johnson, MP § Communities and Local Government— SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. Eric Pickles, MP SENIOR —The Rt Hon. Baroness Warsi § PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARIES OF STATE— Nick Boles, MP , MP Stephen Williams, MP Kris Hopkins, MP Baroness Stowell ii HER MAJESTY’S GOVERNMENT—cont.

Culture, Media and Sport—

SECRETARY OF STATE FOR CULTURE,MEDIA AND SPORT AND MINISTER FOR WOMEN AND EQUALITIES—The Rt Hon. Maria Miller, MP PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARIES OF STATE— Edward Vaizey, MP , MP § PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARIES OF STATE FOR WOMEN AND EQUALITIES Jo Swinson, MP § Helen Grant, MP § Defence— SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. Philip Hammond, MP MINISTER OF STATE— The Rt Hon. , MP PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARIES OF STATE— Dr , MP Philip Dunne, MP , MP Lord Astor of Hever, DL Duchy of Lancaster— LEADER OF THE HOUSE OF LORDS AND CHANCELLOR OF THE DUCHY OF LANCASTER—The Rt Hon. Lord Hill of Oareford Education— SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. Michael Gove, MP MINISTER OF STATE— The Rt Hon. David Laws, MP § (Minister for Schools) Matthew Hancock, MP § (Minister for Skills and Enterprise) PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARIES OF STATE— Edward Timpson, MP Elizabeth Truss, MP Lord Nash Energy and Climate Change— SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. Edward Davey, MP MINISTERS OF STATE— The Rt Hon. Gregory Barker, MP The Rt Hon. Michael Fallon, MP § PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARY OF STATE—Baroness Verma Environment, Food and Rural Affairs— SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. Owen Paterson, MP PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARIES OF STATE— , MP Dan Rogerson, MP Lord de Mauley Foreign and Commonwealth Office— SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. William Hague, MP SENIOR MINISTER OF STATE—The Rt Hon. Baroness Warsi § MINISTERS OF STATE— The Rt Hon. , MP (Minister for Europe) The Rt Hon. , MP The Rt Hon. Hugh Robertson, MP Lord Green of Hurstpierpoint § PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARY OF STATE— Mark Simmonds, MP Health— SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. Jeremy Hunt, MP MINISTER OF STATE— Norman Lamb, MP PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARIES OF STATE— Jane Ellison, MP Daniel Poulter, MP The Rt Hon. Earl Howe HER MAJESTY’S GOVERNMENT—cont. iii

Home Office— SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. Theresa May, MP § MINISTERS OF STATE— , MP (Minister for Immigration) The Rt Hon. Damian Green, MP ( and Criminal Justice) § Norman Baker, MP PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARIES OF STATE— , MP Lord Taylor of Holbeach, CBE International Development— SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. Justine Greening, MP MINISTER OF STATE—The Rt Hon. , MP PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARY OF STATE—Lynne Featherstone, MP Justice— LORD CHANCELLOR AND SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. Chris Grayling, MP MINISTERS OF STATE— The Rt Hon. Lord McNally The Rt Hon. Damian Green, MP (Minister for Policing and Criminal Justice) § PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARIES OF STATE— Shailesh Vara, MP , MP Law Officers— ATTORNEY-GENERAL—The Rt Hon. , QC, MP SOLICITOR-GENERAL—, QC, MP ADVOCATE-GENERAL FOR SCOTLAND—The Rt Hon. Lord Wallace of Tankerness, QC Leader of the House of Commons— LEADER OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS AND —The Rt Hon. , MP PARLIAMENTARY SECRETARY—The Rt Hon. Tom Brake, MP Northern Ireland— SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. Theresa Villiers, MP MINISTER OF STATE—The Rt Hon. Andrew Robathan, MP Privy Council Office— DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER AND LORD PRESIDENT OF THE COUNCIL—The Rt Hon. Nick Clegg, MP Scotland Office— SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. Alistair Carmichael, MP PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. , MP Transport— SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. Patrick McLoughlin, MP MINISTER OF STATE—Baroness Kramer PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARIES OF STATE— Robert Goodwill, MP , MP Treasury— PRIME MINISTER,FIRST LORD OF THE TREASURY AND MINISTER FOR THE CIVIL SERVICE—The Rt Hon. David Cameron, MP CHANCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER—The Rt Hon. George Osborne, MP CHIEF SECRETARY—The Rt Hon. Danny Alexander, MP FINANCIAL SECRETARY—, MP EXCHEQUER SECRETARY—David Gauke, MP ECONOMIC SECRETARY—, MP COMMERCIAL SECRETARY—Lord Deighton, KBE PARLIAMENTARY SECRETARY—The Rt Hon. Sir George Young, MP LORDS COMMISSIONERS— Anne Milton, MP , MP , MP § Mark Lancaster, MP , MP Sam Gyimah, MP iv HER MAJESTY’S GOVERNMENT—cont.

ASSISTANT WHIPS— Joseph Johnson, MP Mark Hunter, MP Jenny Willott, MP , MP , MP , MP , MP Wales Office— SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. David Jones, MP PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARIES OF STATE— Stephen Crabb, MP § Baroness Randerson Work and Pensions— SECRETARY OF STATE—The Rt Hon. Iain Duncan Smith, MP MINISTERS OF STATE— Esther McVey, MP Steve Webb, MP Mike Penning, MP PARLIAMENTARY UNDER-SECRETARIES OF STATE— Lord Freud Ministers without Portfolio— The Rt Hon. , QC, MP The Rt Hon. , MP The Rt Hon. John Hayes, MP Her Majesty’s Household— LORD CHAMBERLAIN—The Rt Hon. Earl Peel, GCVO, DL LORD STEWARD—The Earl of Dalhousie MASTER OF THE HORSE—Lord Vestey, KCVO TREASURER—, MP COMPTROLLER—The Rt Hon. Don Foster, MP VICE-CHAMBERLAIN—The Rt Hon. Desmond Swayne, MP CAPTAIN OF THE HONOURABLE CORPS OF GENTLEMEN-AT-ARMS—The Rt Hon. Baroness Anelay of St Johns, DBE CAPTAIN OF THE QUEEN’S BODYGUARD OF THE YEOMEN OF THE GUARD—Lord Newby, OBE BARONESSES IN WAITING—Baroness Northover, Baroness Jolly LORDS IN WAITING—Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon, Earl Attlee, Lord Gardiner of Kimble, The Rt Hon. Lord Wallace of Saltaire, Lord Popat, Lord Bates § Members of the Government listed under more than one Department

SECOND CHURCH ESTATES COMMISSIONER, REPRESENTING CHURCH COMMISSIONERS—Sir Tony Baldry, MP HOUSE OF COMMONS THE SPEAKER—The Rt Hon. , MP CHAIRMAN OF WAYS AND MEANS—The Rt Hon. Lindsay Hoyle, MP FIRST DEPUTY CHAIRMAN OF WAYS AND MEANS—Mrs , MP SECOND DEPUTY CHAIRMAN OF WAYS AND MEANS—The Rt Hon. , MP PANEL OF CHAIRS Mr David Amess, MP, Hugh Bayley, MP, Mr Joe Benton, MP, Mr Clive Betts, MP, Mr Peter Bone, MP, Mr Graham Brady, MP, Annette Brooke, MP, Martin Caton, MP, Mr Christopher Chope, MP, Katy Clark, MP, Mr David Crausby, MP, Philip Davies, MP, Jim Dobbin, MP, Nadine Dorries, MP, Sir Roger Gale, MP, Mr James Gray, MP, Mr Dai Havard, MP, Mr Philip Hollobone, MP, Mr Jim Hood, MP, The Rt Hon. George Howarth, MP, Sir Edward Leigh, MP, Dr William McCrea, MP, Miss Anne McIntosh, MP, Mrs Anne Main, MP, Sir Alan Meale, MP, Sandra Osborne, MP, Albert Owen, MP, Mark Pritchard, MP, Mrs Linda Riordan, MP, John Robertson, MP, , MP, Mr , MP, Jim Sheridan, MP, Mr , MP, Mr Andrew Turner, MP, Mr Charles Walker, MP, Mr Mike Weir, MP, Hywel Williams, MP SECRETARY—Matthew Hamlyn HOUSE OF COMMONS COMMISSION The Rt Hon. The Speaker (Chairman), Sir Paul Beresford, MP, Mr Frank Doran, MP, Ms Angela Eagle, MP, The Rt Hon. Andrew Lansley, MP, John Thurso, MP SECRETARY OF THE COMMISSION—Robert Twigger ASSISTANT SECRETARY—Liz Bolton ADMINISTRATION ESTIMATE AUDIT COMMITTEE Dame Janet Gaymer, DBE (Chair), Ms Angela Eagle, MP, The Rt Hon. Sir Alan Haselhurst, MP, John Thurso, MP, Stephen Brooker, Barbara Scott SECRETARY OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE—Ben Williams LIAISON COMMITTEE The Rt Hon. Sir Alan Beith, MP (Chair), Mr Graham Allen, MP, The Rt Hon. , MP, Mr Adrian Bailey, MP, The Rt Hon. Kevin Barron, MP, Dame Anne Begg, MP, Mr Clive Betts, MP, The Rt Hon. Sir , MP, Mr William Cash, MP, Geoffrey Clifton-Brown, MP, Mr Ian Davidson, MP, DavidTCDavies, MP, The Rt Hon. , MP, James Duddridge, MP, Mrs Louise Ellman, MP, , MP, Dr Hywel Francis, MP, The Rt Hon. Sir Alan Haselhurst, MP, The Rt Hon. Margaret Hodge, MP, Mr Bernard Jenkin, MP, Miss Anne McIntosh, MP, Andrew Miller, MP, Mr George Mudie, MP, Richard Ottaway, MP, Mr Laurence Robertson, MP, Mr Graham Stuart, MP, John Thurso, MP, Mr , MP, The Rt Hon. Keith Vaz, MP, Mr Charles Walker, MP, Joan Walley, MP, Mr , MP, Mr , MP CLERKS—Andrew Kennon, Philippa Helme MANAGEMENT BOARD Sir Robert Rogers, KCB (Clerk of the House and Chief Executive), David Natzler (Clerk Assistant and Director General, Chamber and Committee Services), John Pullinger (Director General, Information Services), Andrew Walker (Director General, HR and Change), John Borley, CB (Director General, Facilities), Myfanwy Barrett (Director of Finance), Joan Miller (Director of Parliamentary ICT) (External Member), Dame Janet Gaymer, DBE (External Member), Barbara Scott (External Member) SECRETARY OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD—Tom Goldsmith SPEAKER’S SECRETARY—Peter Barratt SPEAKER’S COUNSEL—Michael Carpenter SPEAKER’S CHAPLAIN—Rev. Rose Hudson-Wilkin PARLIAMENTARY COMMISSIONER FOR STANDARDS—Kathryn Hudson PARLIAMENTARY SECURITY DIRECTOR—Paul Martin, CBE

9 December 2013

THE PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES OFFICIAL REPORT

IN THE THIRD SESSION OF THE FIFTY-FIFTH PARLIAMENT OF THE OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND [WHICH OPENED 18 MAY 2010]

SIXTY-SECOND YEAR OF THE REIGN OF HER MAJESTY QUEEN ELIZABETH II

SIXTH SERIES VOLUME 572 TENTH VOLUME OF SESSION 2013-2014

books have been organised by the South African high House of Commons commission. This evening, the Deputy Prime Minister, the Leader of the Opposition and I will all fly to South Monday 9 December 2013 Africa to attend the memorial service in . On Sunday, His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales will represent this country at his funeral in Qunu. Here The House met at half-past Two o’clock in this House, everyone’s thoughts are with the family of , his friends and the millions in and around the world who are mourning him PRAYERS today. When looking back over history, it can be easy to see [MR SPEAKER in the Chair] victories over prejudice and hatred as somehow inevitable. As the years lengthen and events recede, it can seem as though a natural tide of progress continually bears Tributes to Nelson Mandela humanity ever upwards—away from brutality and darkness, and towards something better—but it is not so. Progress Mr Speaker: The House will wish to know how we is not just handed down as a gift; it is won through intend to proceed today. Defence questions will be struggle, the struggle of men and women who believe postponed to next Monday. The present list of questions things can be better and who refuse to accept the world will be carried over; there will not be another shuffle. as it is, but dream of what it can be. The Table Office will announce consequential changes Nelson Mandela was the embodiment of that struggle. shortly. He did not see himself as a helpless victim of history; he This is a special day for special tributes to a special wrote it. We must never forget the evil of and statesman, Nelson Mandela. I hope that as many Members its effect on everyday life: separate benches, separate as possible will be able to contribute. Tributes may buses, separate schools, even separate pews in church; continue until 10 pm. There will be no end-of-day inter-racial relationships criminalised; pass laws and Adjournment debate. banning orders; and a whole language of segregation The House will also wish to know that there will be that expressed man’s inhumanity to man. an event to commemorate and celebrate the life and Nelson Mandela’s struggle was made ever more vital achievements of Nelson Mandela in Westminster Hall by acts of extreme brutality —such as at Sharpeville at 2 pm on Thursday 12 December. and —on the part of the South African authorities. I call the Prime Minister. His was that spanned six decades: from his activism in the ’40s and ’50s, through nearly three 2.35 pm decades of incarceration, to his negotiations that led to the end of apartheid and his election to the highest The Prime Minister (Mr David Cameron): Nelson office in South Africa. It was, as he said, a long walk to Mandela was a towering figure in our lifetime, a pivotal freedom. figure in the history of South Africa and the world, and As a prisoner in a cell measuring 7 feet by 8 feet, there it is right that we meet in this Parliament to pay tribute must have been times when Nelson Mandela felt that to his character, his achievements and his legacy. his fists were beating against a wall that would not be The Union and South African flags flew at half mast moved, but he never wavered. As he famously said at his over Downing street for the day after his death, and , he wanted to live for and achieve they will do so again on the day of his funeral. Condolence “the ideal of a democratic and free society”, 3 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 4

[The Prime Minister] of hope across the whole continent in its growth, in its emerging middle class and in the birth of new but it was also an ideal for which, as he said very clearly, democracies. he was “prepared to die.” Even after long years of Around the world, there already exist many monuments imprisonment, he rejected offers for his freedom until to Nelson Mandela. Just a few hundred yards from all conditions that would have prevented his struggle for here, in , the champion of democracy justice were removed. What sustained him throughout is cast in bronze, arm outstretched, mid-speech, as if it all was a belief in human dignity—that no one is beseeching those in this House to remember that democracy naturally superior over anyone else, that each person is a gift, and a gift to be used well. There has been a lot has inherent worth. As he said so powerfully when he of debate, rightly, about how to secure his legacy. Surely came to speak in this Parliament: one part must be to rededicate ourselves to the task of “In the end, the cries of the infant who dies because of hunger eradicating poverty and conflict in Africa, in which our or because a machete has slit open its stomach will penetrate the historic commitment to provide 0.7% of our gross noises of the modern city and its sealed windows to say, ‘Am I not national income in aid can ensure that Britain plays her human, too?’” full part. Nelson Mandela’s cries for justice pierced the consciences Of course, the most important monument to Mandela of people around the world. must be the lessons he has taught us: that there is Let me pay tribute to the Members of this House, dignity and worth in every human being; that an ounce including the right hon. Member for Neath (Mr Hain), of humility is worth more than a ton of might; that who considered it part of their life’s work not to rest lasting, long-term change needs patience, even the patience until the evil of apartheid was ended. Mandela knew of a life-time, but that change can come with determination that there were millions across our country who said no and sacrifice. to apartheid in ways large and small, from mass concerts It is with sadness that we meet here today to remember to quiet shows of solidarity. There can be no doubt that Nelson Mandela, but it is with gladness that we can say he had a warmth of feeling for this country. He visited this: it was a long walk to freedom, but the walk is over just months after his release from prison and a number and freedom was won. For that, Nelson Mandela has of times in the following years, including the time when the deepest respect of this House and his enduring place he spoke so memorably in Trafalgar square at that great in history. event to make poverty history. The character of Nelson Mandela was shown not 2.43 pm only in the determination with which he fought, but in Edward Miliband (Doncaster North) (Lab): Today, the grace with which he won. Nearly three decades in we remember the incomparable life of Nelson Mandela. prison could so easily have left him bitter. On his This House traditionally gathers to pay tribute to those release, he could have meted out vengeance on those who have led our country; it is unusual for us to meet to who had done him so much wrong. Perhaps the most honour the leader of another. Why is it so essential that remarkable chapter of Mandela’s story is how he took we commemorate the life of President Mandela in this the opposite path. In victory, he chose magnanimity.Indeed, way? It is for simple reasons: he is an enduring and with characteristic generosity, he invited his former unique symbol of courage, hope and the fight against jailer to his presidential inauguration. He employed as injustice; he teaches us the power of forgiveness, having his private secretary a young Afrikaner woman who showed no bitterness towards his captors, just the love became his confidant and, in an image that is printed of a country that could be so much better if all its indelibly on our minds, he roused his country behind the people could be free; and he demonstrates, even to the Springboks in the most powerful gesture of reconciliation. most sceptical, the power of people and politics to Nelson Mandela’s Government pursued a very deliberate change our world. That is why we gather here today. On policy of forgiveness. F. W.de Klerk and other National behalf of my party, I send the deepest condolences to party officials were brought into his Government of his widow, Graça Machel, the Mandela family and all national unity. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission the people of South Africa. We mourn with them. was established to break the spiral of recrimination and Today is an opportunity to remember the extraordinary violence. Those were astonishingly brave moves. His life and the extraordinary story of Nelson Mandela. He desperate hope was for an African renaissance, with led a movement, the African National Congress, that South Africa at its heart. liberated a country. He endured the suffering and sacrifice In Mandela’s time after office, he showed no less of 27 years in prison—a son unable to attend his determination in stepping up the fight against AIDS. It mother’s funeral, a father unable to attend his son’s. But has been one of the great honours of my life to go to in the face of such oppression, his spirit never bent or South Africa and meet Mandela. I remember discussing broke. Offered the chance of release in 1985 after more that issue in his office and hearing his determination to than 20 years in jail on the condition that he give up the ensure that antiretroviral drugs reached all those in armed struggle, he refused. need. Here was a man of 88 who had been imprisoned “I cannot sell my birthright, nor am I prepared to sell the for decades and missed a lot of the rapid social change birthright of my people to be free”, that had taken place, but who had the vision to see he said. through the destructive attitudes towards AIDS in South We honour him too because of the remarkable person Africa. All those actions were marks of his extraordinary the world found him to be after he walked out of prison personal leadership. in 1990 in those scenes that we all remember. As his old Today, although challenges remain in South Africa, comrade Archbishop said: that country is on a far more hopeful path because “Suffering can embitter its victims, but equally it can ennoble of what Nelson Mandela did. Indeed there are signs the sufferer.” 5 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 6

There can be nothing more noble than determining not Nelson Mandela taught us to acknowledge the truth to seek revenge on your oppressors but to seek reconciliation about the past and, without rancour, to welcome the with them. He truly was, as Archbishop Tutu said, an change that has come to pass, but also to honour his “icon of magnanimity”. That is why he not only became legacy by acknowledging that in every country, including the leader of a struggle but truly can be described as the our own, the battle against racial injustice still needs father of a nation, as we have seen in the tributes and to be won. So we come here to honour the man, to emotion that he has inspired since his death in the black acknowledge our history, and for one final purpose—to and white communities of South Africa. recognise and uphold the universal values for which We honour him too because, for him, the struggle Nelson Mandela stood: the dignity of every person, against injustice was a story that never ended. Having whatever his colour or creed, the value of tolerance and been an activist who became a President, he was a respect for all, and justice for all people wherever they President who became an activist once again, campaigning may live and whatever oppression they may face. on causes from debt relief to HIV/AIDS to the war in Nelson Mandela himself said “I am not a saint. I am Iraq. a sinner who keeps on trying.” His extraordinary life We honour somebody, too, who wore his extraordinary calls on us all to keep on trying—for nobler ideals, for heroism with the utmost humility. A year after he gave higher purposes, and for a bigger, not a smaller politics. up the presidency, he came to the Labour party conference Inspired by his example and the movement that he led, and described himself as we mourn his loss, we give thanks for his life, and we honour his legacy. “an unemployed pensioner with a criminal record.” He famously said to Desmond Tutu, who had teased 2.50 pm him for his taste in gaudy shirts: “It’s pretty thick coming from a man who wears a dress in The Deputy Prime Minister (Mr Nick Clegg): On public.” behalf of the Liberal Democrats, let me add my voice to the many tributes to Nelson Mandela, the father of His empathy led him to seek out not the most famous modern South Africa. Our thoughts and condolences person in the room but the least, and his warmth made are with his loved ones, the people of South Africa, and every person he met walk taller. everyone around the world who is grieving his loss. So we honour a man who showed the true meaning of Nelson Mandela’s message transcended the boundaries struggle, courage, generosity and humanity. But we of nations, people, colours and creeds, and his character gather here in our Parliament, in Britain, also to recognise transcended boundaries too. He was a politician, but he that the history of our country was bound up with his appeared to be free of all the pettiness of politics. He struggle, in a spirit of truth and reconciliation. South was a warm human being with a mischievous wit, yet Africa was, after all, once a British colony, but later seemed to rise above the normal human frailties of Britain would become, in Nelson Mandela’s own words, anger and hurt. He was a man who was well aware of “the second headquarters of our movement in exile.” his place in history, but he did not want to be placed on The Prime Minister and I, and thousands of others, a pedestal, and was humble at all times. Given qualities went to sign the condolence book at South Africa house like that, it is little wonder that millions of people who on Friday. It is easy to forget now that South Africa did not meet him in person none the less feel that they house was not always such a welcoming place for the have lost a hero and a friend. opponents of apartheid. I never had the privilege of meeting Nelson Mandela So we should also remember today the hundreds of myself, but, like so many other people, I almost feel as if thousands of people who were the Anti-Apartheid I had. He clearly made a huge impact on all those whom Movement in Britain: the people who stood month he did meet. I remember Paddy Ashdown telling me, after month, year after year, on the steps of that embassy with a sigh, that his wife Jane would regularly say that when the cause seemed utterly futile; the Churches, Mandela was the funniest and most charming man she trade unions and campaigners who marched and supported had ever met. As a student, I was one of the thousands the struggle financially, culturally and in so many other of people who flooded into for the ways; the people who refused to buy South African “Free Nelson Mandela”concert to mark his 70th birthday. produce and supported the call for sanctions—people I remember wondering, as I stood there, how on earth whose names we do not know, from all over Britain, this one man could live up to everyone’s expectations if who were part of that struggle, as well as those who will and when he was finally released—but, as a free man, be etched in history, including the leaders of the movement Nelson Mandela not only met those expectations; he who found sanctuary in Britain, such as , Joe surpassed them. Slovo and others. If the House will allow me, I will add The challenge for South Africa seemed almost impossible that there were also those in my own party who played at the time. How could people who had spent so long such an important role, such as Bob Hughes, now in the divided in conflict, and had either perpetrated or suffered House of Lords, my right hon. Friend the Member for so much abuse, find it within themselves to forgive, to Neath (Mr Hain) and so many more. move on, and to build something together? Well, Mandela It may seem odd to a younger generation that apartheid could and did, and the truly remarkable example of survived as long as it did, given that it now seems to forgiveness that he set made it possible for his country have been universally reviled all the world over. But of to be reborn as the “rainbow nation”. course the truth, and the history, is very different. The Given the enormousness of Mandela’s achievements, cause was highly unfashionable, often considered dangerous we are all struggling to work out the best way in which by those in authority and opposed by those in government. to honour his legacy. I like to think that one of the The Prime Minister was right a few years ago to things that he would want us to do in the House today acknowledge the history. It is in the spirit of what is pay tribute to, and support, the individuals and 7 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 8

[The Deputy Prime Minister] 2.57 pm Mr (Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath) organisations around the world that fight for human (Lab): Fifty-one years ago, directly across from this rights and do not have a global name. Right now, all House in Parliament square, standing in front of the over the world, millions of men, women and children statues of Gladstone, Disraeli, Peel, Palmerston, Lincoln are still struggling to overcome poverty, violence and and General Smuts, and with his friend , discrimination. They do not have the fame or the standing Nelson Mandela asked the question when, if ever, a of Nelson Mandela, but I am sure he would tell us that black man would be represented there. That day in June what they achieve and ensure in their pursuit of a more 1962 was an important one—his first visit to open, equal and just society shapes all our lives. and possibly his last. He was on the edge of being Mary Akrami, who works to protect and empower arrested, imprisoned, put on trial twice—once for his the women of Afghanistan, Sima Samar, the head of life—and then spending 27 years incarcerated. the Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission, It was, therefore, a great privilege, on behalf of the and the Committee of Relatives of the Detained and people of Britain, to unveil in 2007 a statue of the first Disappeared in Honduras, which works in the shadow black man to be represented on that square—Nelson of threats and intimidation, are just three examples of Mandela himself, in the presence of Nelson Mandela individuals and organisations elsewhere in the world and his wife. That statue of Nelson Mandela stands that deserve our loyalty and support just as much as the there now and forever. Yes, his hands are outstretched, British campaigners in the Anti-Apartheid Movement as the Prime Minister said, but his finger points in London who showed unfailing loyalty to and support upwards—as it always did—to the heights. He was the for Nelson Mandela during his bleakest days. I, too, pay man most responsible for the destruction of what people tribute to the right hon. Member for Neath (Mr Hain) thought was indestructible—the apartheid system—and and all his fellow campaigners for what they did at that the man who taught us that no injustice can last for time. All of this will make the way we mark tomorrow’s ever. international Human Rights Day all the more significant, Nelson Mandela was the greatest man of his generation, and Britain can pay no greater tribute to Nelson Mandela yes, but across the generations he was one of the most than by standing up around the world for the values of courageous people you could ever hope to meet. Winston human rights and equality for which he fought. Churchill said that courage was the greatest human When Nelson Mandela took his first steps to freedom, virtue of all, because everything else depended on he made no call for vengeance, only forgiveness. He it. Nelson Mandela had eloquence, determination, understood that dismantling apartheid’s legacy was about commitment, passion, wit and charm, but it was his more than just removing the most explicit signs of courage that brought all those things to life. We sometimes discrimination and segregation, and he recognised too think of courage as daring, bravado, risk-taking and that to build a brighter future South Africa must confront recklessness, and Nelson Mandela had all those in the darkness of its past. In doing so, Nelson Mandela admirable quantities, but he was the first to say that true laid down a blueprint that has made it possible for other courage depends not just on strength of willpower, but divided communities, such as in Northern Ireland, to on strength of belief. What drove Mandela forward, reject violence, overcome their differences and make a and what made him the great architect of a free South fresh beginning. That is why I hope, in communities Africa—the first great achievement of Nelson Mandela— where people are still struggling to replace violence and was the burning belief that everyone, every man and conflict with peace and stability, that the principles of woman, was equal: everyone born to be free, everyone forgiveness and reconciliation that Mandela embodied created not with a destiny to be in poverty, but created are followed by others too. Recently, for example, the to have dignity in life. House debated the alleged human rights abuses in Sri The intensity with which Nelson Mandela believed Lanka. Surely there could be no better way for that this and his determination that he would never be country to heal its wounds and bring peace and unity paralysed by fear is something that is recorded for ever to all its people than to follow Mandela’s example in a battered book that was brought into—smuggled and emulate South Africa’s truth and reconciliation into—the prison on , “The Works of William process. Shakespeare”. Alongside his signature, “N Mandela”, As I see it, that is Nelson Mandela’s lasting legacy to he has marked the words from “Julius Caesar”: all of us—to champion the defenders of human rights “Cowards die many times before their deaths; today and to know that wherever there is conflict and The valiant never taste of death but once… injustice, with hope and courage peace is always possible. It seems to me most strange that men should fear; As the Prime Minister reminded us earlier, at his 1964 Seeing that death, a necessary end, trial Mandela told the world that equality in South Will come when it will come.” Africa was an ideal for which he was prepared to die. Remarkably, that amazing courage to stand up to evil No one who has listened to those words can fail to be stood with the lack of bitterness that has been described moved to hear a man so explicitly and courageously put already today, forgiving his warders, his prosecutors, his life on the line for freedom. As others have remarked, the would-be executioners. Mandela famously liked to repeat the great saying that The most amazing story he told me was that on the “the arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends towards night before they left prison he called all the ANC justice.” prisoners together, saying, yes, they would be justified So on this year’s Human Rights Day and beyond, let us in acts of revenge, retaliation and retribution, but that honour his memory by ensuring that the hope he gave there could never then be a strong, successful multiracial lives on for all of those whose liberties and rights are society, and that was his second great achievement: to still denied. achieve change through reconciliation. 9 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 10

But there was also a third achievement: in refusing to acts were, what they were up to and what they were rest or relax when he gave up the presidency, he had a about. He was particularly intrigued by Amy Winehouse, third great, historic, far less acknowledged, achievement who is sadly no longer with us. I remember him going to his name. He wrote that in the first part of his life he down to meet her and her joking with him that her had climbed one great mountain, to end apartheid, but husband and Mandela had a great deal in common—both now in his later life he wanted to climb another great of them had spent a huge amount of time in prison. At mountain: to rid the world of poverty, and especially that point, he wanted a drink, but Graça, his wife, had the outrage of child poverty. banned drink from the occasion, at least for him because I need speak only of what I saw in that I of his fragile health. I can never forget this occasion: worked with him: how quietly and without fanfare he Mandela, with all these great achievements behind him, went about his work. In 2005 I flew to South Africa to at the celebration party for his 90th birthday and surely meet Nelson Mandela to persuade him to come to entitled to a celebratory drink, hiding from his wife’s London so that he could then persuade the Finance view the glass of champagne that I had produced Ministers of the need for debt relief to relieve poverty, for him. and this he did. Then in 2006, he and his wife Graça Very few people know that Nelson Mandela loved Machel—a leader in her own right, who shared his not only to tell stories, but to gossip, about everybody, ideals and will now carry his legacy into the future— from the Spice Girls and celebrities in sport to political launched the British programme for education for every leaders—I will refrain from mentioning what he said child so that we could be the first generation in history about them, at least today. But he admired and respected where every child went to school. He warned us when Her Majesty the Queen, and he told me that he wanted we had that press conference in Mozambique that to get the Queen to invite an African rain princess from his every child to school we would have to end child labour, tribe to a reception at Buckingham palace. He had got child marriage and child trafficking, and that we would nowhere with the diplomatic channels, so he decided to have to end the discrimination against girls, a campaign telephone her personally.The story goes of the conversation, that he and his wife, Graça Machel, have been involved in words that only Mandela could use—“Hello Elizabeth, in ever since. Typically, Nelson Mandela said at the how’s the Duke?” Although the official minute says that beginning of the conference that the cause was so the Queen was non-committal, Mandela got his way. urgent that he had now come out of retirement so that Hung by Mandela on the bare walls of that bleak he could prosecute the cause, and at the end of the press prison cell was a facsimile of the British painting by a conference he said that it was now up to the younger famous artist, Frederic Watts. The haunting image he generation and he was returning to his retirement. had in this prison cell was of a blinded girl sitting on I visited him in South Africa in the week that his son top of a globe of the world. The painting, entitled died of AIDS. While in mourning and in grief and “Hope”, is about the boldness of a girl to believe that, shocked by the events, he insisted on coming out to the even when blinded and even with a broken harp and waiting press with me. He said that AIDS was not to be only one string, she could still play music. Her and treated as a moral judgment and censoriously; it was to Mandela’s belief was that even in the most difficult and be treated exactly like the tuberculosis he had suffered, bleak of times, even when things seem hopeless, there as a disease in need of cure. His greatness as vast as the could still be hope. I believe that that explains why over continent he loved, showing there that his greatness was these past few days we have both mourned the death of a greatness of the human soul. Mandela and celebrated his life with equal intensity. My good fortune was to meet Nelson Mandela not so Who else could unite the whole world of sport unanimously, long after he left prison, and I remember his first in every continent of the world, with applause? We are greeting: “Ah,” he said, “a representative of the British mourning because as long as Mandela was alive we empire,” and then he flashed that same smile that could knew that even in the worst of disasters, amidst the light up a room and then the world. Then 10 years ago, most terrible of tragedies and conflict, amidst the evil at the birth of my son John, I picked up the telephone that existed in the world, there was someone there, and there was Nelson Mandela on the phone: he, too, standing between us and the elements, who represented had lost a child in infancy, and from that time on, on his goodness and nobility. And we are celebrating today birthday, the day before my second son’s, and on Graça’s because the lessons that we have learned from him will birthday, the day of John’s, we exchanged telephone live on. He teaches us that indeed no injustice can last calls on the days of these birthdays and presents, letters for ever. He teaches us that whenever good people of and cards, the last only this October. courage come together, there is infinite hope. Raising money for children’s causes was the purpose of Nelson Mandela’s 90th birthday party in London, 3.8 pm when President Clinton and I were proud to pay tribute Sir (Kensington) (Con): On the day to him, before an auction where he gave the original of Mandela’s release in 1990, I was waiting with many copy of his famous “Letter to a Child”. First, Oprah millions of people for him to emerge from prison. I Winfrey bid for it, then Elton John. Both of them remember a particular thought at that time: although surpassed a £1 million. Oprah Winfrey then went beyond he was a global figure—the whole world knew of Nelson that million. She was then told that she would have to Mandela—no one had the faintest idea what he looked pay in pounds and not dollars. Nelson Mandela and I like. No photograph of him had appeared since he went joked that it was time for another £1 million and that he into prison 27 years earlier, as a relatively young man of should write another letter and sell it to Elton John. 46—now he was emerging as a relatively old man of 73. Nelson Mandela’s last public event was in Hyde park, I met him for the first time when he came to 10 Downing in London. Again, it was to raise funds for children. street when was Prime Minister, and I recall Sitting next to him, my task—something I was uniquely that as he entered, the whole staff of No. 10—70 or incapable of doing—was to explain who the celebrity 80 people—spontaneously drew themselves up into 11 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 12

[Sir Malcolm Rifkind] There must be no domination of either community.”He was an extraordinary man in not only believing that but two lines to applaud him as he walked to the Cabinet practising it with every fibre of his being. room. John Major said that that was the first time As we look today at the lessons of Mandela’s that had ever happened since he had become Prime extraordinary life and incredible achievements, at his Minister. contribution not just to South Africa, which goes without Nelson Mandela was not a saint, as we have heard. saying, but to the wider world and at why he has He was a politician to his fingertips. He actually believed become such an iconic figure, two factors stand out. in the armed struggle in the earlier part of his career First, he is perhaps the best example that we have had in and perhaps to some degree for the rest of his career, the past 100 years of how political leaders, by force of but, unlike many in the African National Congress, he personality, transform themselves from politicians into eventually decided that ways of peace were more likely statesman, and can by their sheer personal effort change to deliver than the armed struggle. I recall going to the world and make what was impossible possible and South Africa four years after 1990 when he was President then deliver it. He is not the only one who has done so. and having dinner with the then deputy Defence Minister We should not think of him as unique. Gorbachev, by of South Africa, Ronnie Kasrils. Kasrils was a white the force of his personality, helped to end the cold war South African communist and a founding member of and deliver the liberation of eastern Europe without a . He had been educated at the shot being fired, and few would have believed that London School of Economics and was a strong believer possible. Lech Walesa, an obscure trade unionist at in the armed struggle. I said to him, “You are a member first, built up the Solidarnosc organisation and toppled of the South African Communist party and it was often the once mighty Polish Communist party. Anwar Sadat, argued at the time by the South African Government a controversial figure in many ways, was yet another that you and your colleagues were trained in the Soviet example. The extraordinary decision that he took to fly Union. Was that true?” He said, “Yes, it was true. We from Egypt to Jerusalem and address the Israeli Knesset were trained in Odessa, in Ukraine.” Then I asked him as Egyptian President led to peace between and why he believed in the armed struggle, particularly as Egypt. In our own day, we have Aung San Suu Kyi, and Nelson Mandela eventually decided on a political solution. we all know what she has done and how it is transforming He said, “Well we believed that the white Afrikaners, Burma. Being a political, charismatic figure is necessary the apartheid Government, would never give up power but it is not sufficient. It must be combined with political peacefully. It would only be the armed struggle that skills, and of course Mandela was a politician to his would get them out of power.” I said to him, “Is that fingertips as well as being a man with all those other what they taught you in the Soviet Union?” I remember talents. he groaned and said, “No, no, that is what they taught The second lesson is that although of course political me at the LSE.” leadership is needed, we should also recognise, as Mandela I lived and worked in southern Africa, mainly in did, the strength of diplomacy as a way of getting southern Rhodesia, for two years in the 1960s. I got to political change. Even after Mandela had been released, know South Africa well, and I must confess that, at that it took months and months of negotiation that could time, I too assumed that there would be no peaceful have collapsed at any stage into internal civil war. In a resolution of the problems of apartheid and that, whether year when we have seen how diplomacy, which is not one liked it or not, it would only be by revolution or by always fashionable, has produced agreement on Syrian armed struggle that they would change the political chemical weapons and an interim agreement on Iran’s system. I was wrong, and I was wrong because there nuclear programme, it is worth taking comfort from was not one hero in South Africa but two, and it is that and seeing how Mandela’s example can deliver in worth remembering this. It was not just Nelson Mandela, an extraordinary way. who undoubtedly deserves the vast bulk of the credit, I conclude by simply saying that when we pay tribute but the South African President FW de Klerk. Without to Nelson Mandela, as we rightly do, we should pay both of them, there would not have been a peaceful tribute to him for what he stood for and we should resolution. In some ways, it was more difficult for de acknowledge what he achieved in South Africa but we Klerk than for Mandela. [HON.MEMBERS: “Oh!”] Let should also recognise what he taught the world about me explain what I mean; it is a serious point. Mandela the resolution of what seemed like intractable political was receiving power at a stage when most of the struggle problems through patience, personality, courage and had already been won, and de Klerk was having to diplomacy. Military solutions and armed struggle are persuade his own people to give power up before they sometimes unavoidable, but often they are avoidable and had been defeated. The world had not seen such a he demonstrated that better than anyone in our time. situation before. To his credit, de Klerk realised that he needed the legitimacy of the electorate of South Africa, who were, quite wrongly but in practice, all white at 3.16 pm that time. He called the referendum and, by the sheer force of his leadership, persuaded more than 60% of Mr (Neath) (Lab): I thank the Prime to accept that the days apartheid Minister, the Deputy Prime Minister and the Leader of were over. Even then, it required Mandela—and it is to the Opposition for their perhaps over-generous remarks his credit—to go through long months of negotiation, about my role. Let me simply underline that there were not always with the support of his colleagues in the many tens of thousands of activists in the Anti-Apartheid ANC, in order to deliver a transfer of power that Movement who deserve to be acknowledged as well. offered the prospect of peace for all the people of South Thank you, Mr Speaker, for your personal leadership Africa. Mandela once notably said, “This is not about in ensuring that this tribute debate is such a special moving from white domination to black domination. event, as you said, for such a special person. I note that 13 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 14 you are wearing the South African tie on this occasion. Two years later, in 1966, after my parents had been I specifically thank you—this is very important—for jailed, declared banned persons and deprived of earning proposing, along with the Lord Speaker, Thursday a living, our family sailed past Robben Island and into afternoon’s Westminster Hall event for civil society exile here in Britain, and we will always be grateful for including, importantly, veteran activists of the Anti- the welcome that we were given in this country. I Apartheid Movement who worked so tirelessly over remember looking out over the Cape rollers and imagining many tough and bitter decades both for Nelson Mandela’s how Mandela and his comrades were surviving in that release and for the sanctions against apartheid that he cold bleak cell. As an African, he was permitted 5 oz of wanted and that ultimately triggered his freedom. meat daily, whereas coloureds were allowed 6 oz; he was I have never really been into heroes but Nelson Mandela permitted ½ oz of fat, and coloureds 1 oz: the evil was mine from when I was a young boy in Pretoria and precision of apartheid penetrated every nook and cranny unique among my school friends and relatives in having of life, banning inter-racial sex as well as segregating parents who welcomed everybody to their house regardless park benches, sport, jobs, schools, hospitals, and much, of colour—activists in the anti-apartheid struggle. I much more. The apartheid state had hoped that, out of remember that one fellow activist, Elliot Mngadi, remarked, sight on the former leper colony of Robben Island, with “This is the first time I’ve ever come through the front its freezing cold waters that had devoured all escapees, door of a white man’s house.” Blacks acting as servants Mandela would be out of mind, but the longer he was or gardeners might be allowed in the back door occasionally. imprisoned, the bigger a global leader he became. My mother, Adelaine, was often alone in the whites-only In July 1988, his 70th birthday became a global section of the public gallery at Nelson Mandela’s 1962 celebration, with a pulsating. “Free Mandela”anti-apartheid trial in Pretoria and when he entered the dock, he would rock concert attended by 100,000 people at Wembley always acknowledge her with a clenched fist, which she stadium and watched on live television by 600 million would return. His beautiful wife Winnie attended the worldwide, despite—I say for the record, not out of any trial each day, often magnificent in tribal dress. Once, recrimination—some Conservative Members pressing when my tiny younger sisters went with my mother the BBC to pull the plug on its coverage. Then, almost during a school holiday, Winnie bent down and kissed miraculously, something occurred that we had dreamed the two little blonde girls to the evident horror of the of, but deep down doubted would ever, ever happen—on onlooking white policemen. A black woman kissing that historic day in February 1990 Mandela walked out two little white children disgusted them. of prison to freedom, providing an image for ever imprinted on me and on millions, perhaps even billions, Forty years later, I was escorting Nelson Mandela to across the world. I say “almost miraculously” because speak at the Labour party annual conference in Brighton, history gets compressed and rewritten over time, and we but before that he had an appointment with the Prime take change for granted. Minister that had been very carefully scheduled. We The reality was very different. Nelson Mandela’s were going down in the lift in the hotel and he said, struggle for freedom, and that of his African National “How’s the family?” I mentioned that my mother had Congress, was long and bitter, taking nearly 100 years broken her leg and was in hospital. “Ah,” he said, “I from the days under British colonial rule when the roots must phone her.” The Prime Minister was kept waiting of apartheid were established. Under Britain in 1900, while Nelson Mandela chatted to porters and cleaners 50 years before apartheid was formally institutionalised and waitresses and waiters, all lined up as the minutes in South Africa, most of its features were already in ticked by. I desperately tried directory inquiries to get place in the bustling gold-rush city of Johannesburg. By her phone number, eventually got the ward and was put then, Africans were prevented from walking on the through. I said to her, “There’s a very special person pavements—they had to walk on the streets—they had who would like to speak to you,” and I handed the to carry “passes” to work in the city, they could not use phone to him. He said, “This is Mandela from South buses and trains designated for whites, they were dreadfully Africa. Do you know who I am?” exploited in the mines, and they had no political rights. Having been sentenced to five years on Robben Island We all say in Britain that we were against apartheid, after the Pretoria trial that my mother attended, Mandela and doubtless we were, but some did things about it was then brought back more than a year later, as has —others did not. The anti-apartheid struggle was for been mentioned, to be Accused No. 1 in the Rivonia most of its life engaged in a big fight, here in Britain trial, when, facing the death penalty and against the too. The executive secretaries of the Anti-Apartheid strong advice of his lawyer, he famously said: Movement—first, Ethel de Keyser, then Mike Terry—were “During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of indefatigable. Its chairman, Lord Bob Hughes, and the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I treasurer, Richard Caborn—former Members of Parliament have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together —were real stalwarts, along with and in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which Glenys as well. Protests to stop whites-only Springbok I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be it is an ideal for tours provoked fierce anger. I remember them well: which I am prepared to die.” “Hain the pain”, as I recall. Some people might still feel I remember reading those powerful words aged 14, that. Yet, as Nelson Mandela confirmed to me, the trying to take in their full significance, and aware they Springboks’ sporting isolation was a key factor in making were a great inspiration to my parents and all those whites realise that they had to change, so that today that involved in the anti-apartheid struggle, as Nelson Mandela wonderful black rugby star Bryan Habana can be a faced the death penalty. In fact, after worldwide pleas Springbok, whereas his predecessors under apartheid at for clemency, he was sentenced to life imprisonment, the time that we were demonstrating never could. and in July 1964, Mandela returned to Robben Island, Demands for trade and economic sanctions were also not to be seen or heard in public again for nearly resisted, yet their partial implementation, regrettably 26 years. not by London, but by Washington, eventually helped 15 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 16

[Mr Peter Hain] prominent statesmen—perhaps the most revered—he retained his extraordinary humanity. When he was with to the white business community in the late you, you had all his attention. When he greeted you, his 1980s to demand change from the very same apartheid eyes never wandered, even though you were surrounded Government from whom they had so long benefited. by far more important people. Whether you were a Mr Speaker, forgive me if, for a brief moment, I strike mere child, a hotel porter, a cleaner, a waiter or a junior what I hope will not be seen as too discordant a note on staff member, he was interested in you. And he never this occasion, which sees the House at its very best, forgot a friend. coming together to salute the great man. Were it not for On the same occasion when Elizabeth met him in interventions in the media in recent days, I would have 2003, my parents were also present, enjoying a reunion. let pass correcting the historical record. I give credit The conversation somehow turned to my ministerial especially to you, Mr Speaker, for volunteering most driver, whom Mandela promptly summoned. “I was graciously that you were on the wrong side of the anti- once a driver, too,” he told him as they shook hands, apartheid struggle as a young Conservative. I give credit referring to the time in 1961-62 when he was on the run to the Prime Minister for apologising for his party’s and went underground, dubbed the “Black Pimpernel”, record of what I have to describe as craven indulgence often moving about the country dressed as a chauffeur, towards apartheid’s rulers. And if Nelson Mandela can in order to invite no attention, with cap and uniform forgive his oppressors without forgetting their crimes, and his white “master” in the back, as was stereotypical who am I not to do the same for our opponents in the in those days and so a good form of disguise. long decades of the anti-apartheid struggle? An ordinariness combined with extraordinariness was But it really does stick in the craw when Lord Tebbit, not Mandela’s sole uniqueness. His capacity for forgiveness Charles Moore and others similar tried over recent days is what made him the absolutely critical figure, first to claim that their complicity with apartheid—that is during secret negotiations in the late 1980s from prison what I think it was—somehow brought about its end. with the Afrikaner nationalist Government and then To my utter incredulity, Lord Tebbit even told BBC after his release, both in the transition and in healing a World in a debate with me that they had brought about bitterly divided nation. Mandela’s freedom. I know for a fact that Nelson That brings me to his status. Gandhi, Kennedy and Mandela did not think so. At every possible opportunity Churchill are all iconic figures, the last for his inspirational he went out of his way to thank anti-apartheid activists wartime leadership and the first two more for having across the world for freeing him and his people. been assassinated. Yet today ask almost anybody anywhere It is therefore especially welcome that Nelson Mandela which global statesman they admire most, and “Nelson always retained an almost touching faith in British Mandela” will as likely as not be the answer. Other parliamentary democracy. Even though—I disagree with world figures are usually famous within their own the interpretation by the right hon. and learned Member professional disciplines, sections of society, interest groups for Kensington (Sir Malcolm Rifkind)—over most of or age groups. Many attract hostility, cynicism or plain his life he was a believer in non-violent legal peaceful indifference. Nelson Mandela’s unique achievement was change. by force of circumstance—the suppression of to command fame, admiration and affection from virtually his African National Congress’s non-violent campaign everyone, everywhere in the world. for over 60 years—he had to become a freedom fighter and to lead an underground campaign of guerrilla So if, as I believe, he is more iconic than anybody else, activity similar to the French resistance against the why? His life story of sacrifice, courage, endurance and Nazis. Even when the majority in this Parliament, and suffering in the great and noble cause of liberty, democracy the Government of the day, were not on his side, he still and justice places him among a very select few: the cherished our parliamentary democracy. I mention this Tolpuddle martyrs, Chartists, suffragettes, Gandhi himself, because Mandela’s old foes became his new friends, his anti-colonial African leaders, Che Guevara, Lech Walesa, former adversaries his admirers. That was part, as others Solzhenitsyn and Aung San Suu Kyi, to name just some. have said, of his greatness. But Mandela towers above them all in the popular But that was Mandela the political leader. There was, imagination, perhaps in part because he was the first as my right hon. Friend the Member for Kirkcaldy and such figure to be projected to the world’s peoples through Cowdenbeath (Mr Brown) remarked in his marvellous the powerful modern media of global television and the speech, another equally engaging side to his greatness. internet. He was quite simply far better known than any He had an infectious capacity for mischief. In London a comparable figure. few weeks after our marriage in 2003, I introduced Equally, however—this is the lesson I draw—he survived, my wife Elizabeth to him. “Is this your girlfriend?” he and indeed prospered, even under the fierce media asked. When I replied: “No, she’s my wife”, he chuckled, spotlight of 24-hour news, over-hype and spin. Uniquely, “So she caught you then?” When Elizabeth, who can be he remained untarnished and undiminished by that somewhat feisty at times, exclaimed indignantly that she modern media beast’s unrivalled capacity for building had taken a lot of persuading, he laughed, “That’s what up then knocking down, leaving him serenely above all they all say, Peter, but they trap you in the end!” By then its insatiable prurience and obsession for triviality and she realised that he was teasing her and we all ended up instant novelty. Where most political careers end in laughing together. He had apologised earlier for not failure or opprobrium, Nelson Mandela’s continued to coming to our wedding, instead sending a message, soar long after he stepped down as President. which contained these impish words to us newly-weds: Mandela’s greatness, his stature, derived not just from “But perhaps I will be able to come next time!” an extraordinary biography that dwarfs the rest of It was not just his towering moral stature, his courage humankind; it came from the warm glow of humanity and capacity to inspire, that endeared Nelson Mandela that he radiated, his common touch, humbleness, self- to so many. Despite being one of the world’s most deprecation, humour and dignity. Prison could have 17 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 18 embittered, adulation could have gone to his head and information. We were able to report back to our respective egotism could have triumphed. The clutching of the party leaders on what we found. I had half an hour with crowd and the intrusive pressures of the modern political an anxious, worried and very uncertain . age could have seen him retreat behind the barriers that We reported back on the tragic success of apartheid in most leaders and celebrities today erect around themselves, separating one person from another, on the urgency of not necessarily through any fault of their own, but in the need for change to avoid a looming catastrophe, and part to retain some personal space, but the consequence on how the United Kingdom’s public position also of which all too often becomes either aloofness or needed to change. But we also, apparently rather unusually, insincerity and its companion, cynicism. But none of reported some hope. I said in the House: that happened to him. Throughout everything, Nelson “There is a large group of people in South Africa whom many Mandela remained his own man, neither seduced by the have ignored. They are those of all races who are working trappings of office, nor deluded by the adulation of patiently for simple fellowship and reconciliation in pure human admirers, always friendly and approachable. That is terms by meeting each other and sharing their lives and experiences. why, for me, he was the icon of icons, and perhaps It was largely with those people that we spent our time, and always will be. through their friends across the political spectrum that we had contact with their politics. President , who has such a wonderful way with words, said: Some of those with whom we stayed were white opponents of apartheid and had been so for decades, but all were people who “Every time Nelson Mandela walks into a room, we all feel a realised that the abolition of the legislative structure of apartheid little bigger, we all want to stand up, we all want to cheer, because is almost secondary to the struggle to change hearts and minds. we’d like to be him on our best day”. They should not be ignored, for if any group epitomises hope in Sadly, Nelson Mandela will not be walking into our South Africa, it is that group.”—[Official Report, 17 June 1986; rooms ever again, but we can all still strive to be like him Vol. 99, c. 960.] on our best days. For, as he said in one of his many We met on our visits, even in 1986, South African memorable proverbs: Government figures who worried about the impact of “What counts in life is not the mere fact that we have lived. It is the release of Nelson Mandela but who knew that his what difference we have made to the lives of others.” death in prison would be a tragedy beyond comprehension. Like many others, we knew that only a miracle could 3.34 pm save South Africa from violent confrontation, but unlike Alistair Burt (North East Bedfordshire) (Con): It is a others, perhaps, we saw some of the groundwork being real privilege to follow the right hon. Member for Neath patiently prepared. South Africa was a land in which (Mr Hain), who speaks with an authenticity that few Jesus Christ was the person around whom so many others could have in these circumstances. It must be the could meet together, especially if they were those who case that the vindication of history sits comfortably on were allowed to meet in no other circumstances. That his shoulders and on those of all in the Anti-Apartheid task became easier after the Dutch Reformed Church Movement. He is entitled to his day today, and he has public recanted its misplaced biblical support for apartheid. spoken very well of the things that matter so much to South Africa’s people were readying themselves for a him and to so many of us. different future but uncertain if the miracle of leadership I remember as a small boy writing to Basil D’Oliveira would be there. In the end, of course, the miracle was when he was excluded from the test team, and I remember Nelson Mandela, with a passion for reconciliation and cheering when a test series was cancelled. My parents forgiveness that astonished the world. It was built on a were convinced I had become a communist. They are base that had been prayed for and actively worked for in now, like one or two others of my colleagues, merely South Africa for years before his release. Nelson Mandela uncertain. was the pivotal figure around whom all this work became based and whose attitudes overcame the fear and negativity In 2000, Nelson Mandela visited Bedford to pay from people who knew intellectually what needed to be tribute to Archbishop Trevor Huddleston in the town of done but simply could not see how it could happen. It is Archbishop Huddleston’s birth—Archbishop Huddleston, impossible to predict what would have happened without who gave so much to the Anti-Apartheid Movement. It such leadership. is said that a photograph taken that day was used as the model for the statue in Parliament square. Mr Mandela’s I regret that I did so little for the struggle here in the host on that day was the mayor of Bedford, Councillor United Kingdom, but my friend Peter Pike, with 26 years Carole Ellis. Sadly, Councillor Ellis is seriously ill at in the Anti-Apartheid Movement before he even set present, but I know that she is so proud of her own and foot in South Africa, deserves to have his voice heard of Bedford’s part in Mr Mandela’s story. today. I asked him over the weekend what he would say Between 1986 and 1990, the right hon. Member for if he were here, and he told me of his memories of the Bermondsey and Old Southwark (Simon Hughes), I visits. He reminded me that one MP had believed God and Peter Pike, the former Member for Burnley, made created reptiles, birds, animals, black people, brown three visits to South Africa at the invitation of the people and white people and that they should all keep followers of Christ working for a peaceful resolution of their places as species—and he thumped his Bible to the situation there. On our return from our first visit, on prove it. He undermined his argument, however, by 17 June, we made joint speeches in a debate here in the declaring that he had proof that Mrs Thatcher was “a House of Commons, referring to each other as our hon. Marxist infiltrator”. Friends—a point duly noted by Hansard. We had gone Peter reminded us of how, on our next visit, he had together—safety in numbers—at a time when the ANC asked why the security was building up as we approached was still banned, the political situation was deteriorating, the security gate at Johannesburg airport. I said it might violence was abroad, and the isolation of South Africa be because of the large “Free Nelson Mandela” badge was impacting on the flow of anything but very polarised he was wearing on his lapel. He asked one of the 19 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 20

[Alistair Burt] him—not so much here today, but elsewhere, and for the best and most well-meaning of reasons—is such security guards, “Is it illegal for me to wear the badge?” that it is almost as if he was somehow above politics. Of He was told very briskly, “It is not illegal, but it is course, he became admired and revered, quite rightly, extremely inadvisable.” but he was not above politics; he was practising politics. Peter wanted to say this in particular: He was engaged in politics, and it was through politics “I believe one thing so typical of Nelson Mandela was when he that the transformation of South Africa was secured. addressed the large meeting in Nelspruit. At the end he had young Like many here, I had the opportunity to meet Nelson white youths asking him what would their future be in a black Mandela on a number of occasions. One I particularly South Africa. He put his arms around their shoulders and said he recall in these days was in 1998 when I attended the was not removing the domination of South Africa by the white commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the signing minority to allow it to be dominated by another race. The new South Africa would be for all South Africans and that they were of the general agreement on tariffs and trade. Seated in the South Africans of the future. He ended by saying it was a pity the hall, I heard a tremendous commotion at the rear. that they had wasted 27 years and could not have talked like this The delegate from South Africa had arrived, and a kind before.” of wave passed through the hall as delegates from every I wanted Peter Pike’s words—the voice of a true, authentic country in the world rose spontaneously to applaud anti-apartheid supporter—to be heard in this House him. I was both honoured and humbled when he took today. his place beside me. In conclusion, world leaders have on their plate a We all honour him as a hero of the armed struggle. series of conflicts, which I know only too well from the Unlike some others who were also honoured in that past three and a half years. A better tribute to Nelson vein, particularly during my student years, he became Mandela than all the fine words we are going to hear at also a hero of the peace. That is why we remember him the funeral would be for the leaders involved in just one in this way. of those conflicts to echo reconciliation and forgiveness, the magnanimity of power and the true service of their 3.45 pm people and to lead their people in humility and peace Mr Charles Kennedy (Ross, Skye and Lochaber) (LD): rather than grandeur and war. I follow on exactly from the comments of the right hon. Member for Derby South () and her 3.41 pm reminiscence but also her mild remonstrance, which is Margaret Beckett (Derby South) (Lab): For me, as absolutely well made, that we are talking here about a for so many of my generation, the story of Nelson politician. Certainly in the civil encounters with President Mandela and his comrades and colleagues has been Mandela in one capacity, and with Mr Mandela post- inextricably interwoven with political life and campaigning. presidency in other capacities, not only was his sense of Events such as Sharpeville helped awaken and shape humour telling, but so was the self-deprecating use to political awareness. Campaigns against the evils of apartheid which he put that humour, lest there was any thought have run throughout the years of my political and trade that a political halo could be bestowed upon him. He union life. I think it is right to recognise today that the certainly did not want that, and he would not want that whole trade union movement, including my own union, to be part of his legacy today. Unite, of which I am proud to have been a member for I mention humour because my first introduction to almost 50 years, was resolute in its support and solidarity Nelson Mandela was far from fortuitous. He was then throughout those difficult years. President, and enormous numbers of parliamentarians As those years drew to a close, I recall, like the right had somehow all descended on South Africa at the hon. and learned Member for Kensington (Sir Malcolm same time. They had come from New Zealand, Australia, Rifkind), a conversation with President de Klerk, who here, Ireland, France—all on fact-finding missions. It asked me, quite anxiously—I was surprised at how was interesting that these fact-finding missions all coincided anxious he seemed—if I thought that reaching agreement with the rugby world cup that was taking place in South would in fact transform South Africa’s standing in the Africa. Given that there were more visiting foreign world and end his country’s status as some kind of politicians in the country than even visiting foreign international pariah. He seemed relieved and almost rugby players, the President held a great gala reception. grateful when I assured him that I thought that a free The leader of our delegation, my friend Rupert Redesdale, South Africa—or a South Africa with its people free— Liberal Democrat hereditary peer, was introducing the would be welcomed everywhere with open arms. British delegation to the President, and he was pretty I think there is going to be much emphasis today on apprehensive in the presence of the great man. It came what we can learn from Nelson Mandela. As has been to my turn, and he said, “Mr President, one of my said, he was in no way a saint, as he himself acknowledged. colleagues from the House of Commons in London. He was, however—this point is not always mentioned, This is Nigel Kennedy.” The President’s characteristically although it has already been made today—a politician, firm handshake and jovial welcome confirmed two and a party politician and party leader at that. Born things for me there and then. First of all, he had never into a community that lacked wealth and power, he heard of Nigel Kennedy, but far more distressingly, he understood it was both honourable and desirable sure as hell had not heard of me either. to band together with others of a like mind to fight to Things got worse on that visit. The hon. Member for change things for the better. That, after all, is what South West (Mr Davidson), the then Member every political party, in its own way, is about. for Govan, who I am glad is in his place today—looking It was as the leader of the ANC that he took part in back, I was not so glad he was in his place on that those historic negotiations. I say that in particular because occasion that evening—and I were photographed with the tone of some comments that have been made about President Mandela. What a wonderful memento to 21 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 22 have. A few months later I was passing through Glasgow, do see his like again. Let us hope that we see his like in my favourite city, and as I always do when I am there, I the middle east or in the vicinity of the Koreas, for picked up a copy of the Glasgow Evening Times. The example, where people are crying out for a generation front page photo and lead story was that the South of politicians of a quality that can move mountains and African Government had confirmed that the Clyde minds in the way that Mandela did. He reminds us that would be very much on the preferred bidders list for the our trade need not be as awful as it is often depicted. He latest warship that they were seeking interest in globally, has given us something better to work for in ourselves. and there was a photo of the hon. Gentleman and the President himself, with the caption, “Local MP, Ian 3.54 pm Davidson, lobbying President Mandela on a recent visit to South Africa”. But the funny thing was that when I Frank Dobson (Holborn and St Pancras) (Lab): It is looked at the photo, I discovered that I had been a great honour to take part in this tribute to Nelson airbrushed out of history. Perhaps that has been the Mandela. As far as I am concerned, it is almost as good story of my life ever since. I think, however, that President as the magic moment when I sat with my wife in Mandela would have admired the hon. Gentleman’s Westminster Hall as he addressed both Houses of our guile, and the way in which he exploited that opportunity. Parliament as the democratically elected President of He did not do it in a mendacious way, but it was not all South Africans. particularly helpful to me. I know that I speak on behalf of people in my Another meeting that I recall took place when he was constituency, Holborn and St Pancras, because they plain Mr Mandela again, post-presidency, when the have a very special relationship with the Anti-Apartheid years were beginning to show. It was the night of the Movement. The movement was founded at a meeting of concert in Trafalgar square and, as we would say at about 60 people in Holborn hall in the summer of 1959. home, it was a gey dreich night. It was cold, windy and Its first leaflets were distributed a fortnight later outside wet, with horizontal rain. Mr Mandela was tired, and Camden Town underground station. Its headquarters he was wearing an overcoat. First, he insisted on working were always located in our area, and it always had our the room in South Africa House and speaking to everyone support. there. Then he went outside and enthralled the young, if Local people were particularly delighted when rather soaked, audience who had been listening to the Mr Mandela came to Camden Town in July 2003 to music. At that point, his minders were pretty keen to unveil a blue plaque in memory of Ruth First, who was move him along and get him to his bed, which he clearly murdered by the South African secret police, and Joe needed. But no—the coat came off and he came back Slovo, who was a member of President Mandela’s first up the stairs in South Africa House and worked the Cabinet. I am delighted that his daughter Gillian Slovo room again. We came face to face for a second time. He is here to observe our proceedings. looked at me and said, “We talked earlier”, and I said, “Yes we did, Mr Mandela, it was an honour to meet you Over many years, committed people in Britain and we a very nice chat.” “Oh good,” he said, “I will campaigned against apartheid, the trials of the leaders move on, but I did not want you to think I had been of the African National Congress and the imprisonments rude.” That is the difference, is it not? That was a man that followed. They continued to campaign against the who, when he needed votes, could weigh them in quantities oppression of all black South Africans and of all the that we practising politicians can only dream of, yet other people who supported them. We also campaigned when he was beyond the need for votes he still conducted for the release of the prisoners, eventually concentrating himself with that extra special magic ingredient that on the release of Nelson Mandela, partly as a symbol—and separated him out, like the wheat from the chaff, from what a symbol he turned out to be. day-to-day jobbing politics the world over. The commonplace history of political leaders is hope Today I am wearing the tie of Glasgow university, followed by disillusionment, but not with Nelson Mandela. where I have the role of university rector. Glasgow gave His example exceeded the highest hopes of the opponents Mandela the freedom of the city at a time when it was of apartheid, and shattered the delusions of those who unfashionable to do so, and he came to celebrate that portrayed him and the African National Congress as on another dreich day in the years following his release. bloodthirsty monsters. Instead of bringing disillusionment Exactly a week ago, we were in this place paying tribute to the world, he became the most widely admired man to those in Glasgow who had suffered as a result of the on planet earth. terrible helicopter crash. Many of the most heartfelt Nelson Mandela shamed and astonished the world international tributes from outside this place came from by his forbearance and dignity in the face of all that South Africa. A week is a long time in politics. Last he and his comrades had suffered at the hands of the night, as rector of the university, I had the privilege of apartheid system, including the 27 years—I stress, contributing to the beautiful annual carol service in the 27 years—that he spent in jail. The phrase “27 years” chapel. The format at the end was changed, so that comes trippingly off the tongue, but try to imagine what instead of singing the university’s anthem “Gaudeamus that was like. Let us each imagine the last 27 years of igitur”, the choir sang a beautiful version of the rainbow our own lives, and then substitute for them those nation’s wonderful national anthem. The thoughts that 27 years of pain, deprivation and indignity. His were came to Glasgow from South Africa this time last week 27 years of powerlessness to protect his people and his were returned with generosity and good will this week. family, and he was even denied access to family funerals. Mandela was in many ways simply the best. When During all that time, he and his ANC comrades sustained President Obama said that we should not see his like one another by mutual support, but those 27 years of again, I guess he was right on one level. But let us look imprisonment were unforgivable. We all know that if we at what Mandela did and at the fact that his words and came out of 27 years of unjust imprisonment, we would deeds moved Table mountain, and let us hope that we demand revenge, so people the world over could scarcely 23 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 24

[Frank Dobson] “helped to make those years…bearable and contributed to them not turning out to be wasted years.” believe it when Mr Mandela preached not revenge, but That lesson from the past should hearten all people who reconciliation, and then went on to practise what he are involved in today’s campaigns for justice. preached. The worldwide response to the passing of this good That was not easy: it was not just a case of reconciling old man has involved praise in equal measure from both white South Africans with majority rule; it was necessary friends and former enemies. I am sure that Nelson to reconcile millions of black South Africans with not Mandela would have wanted us to welcome the repenting taking what they regarded as legitimate retribution sinners. However, the test for them does not reside in the against their oppressors. However, those who supported sentiments they now express. The test of their sincerity the anti-apartheid cause were not so surprised at what will be revealed in their response to the problems the happened. We knew that the drawn up world faces now and in the future. Will they apply his by the leaders of the ANC, including Nelson Mandela, tests of what is just and right? had committed them to a non-racial South Africa in In his speech at the Labour party conference, Nelson which everyone would be subject to the same laws and Mandela said that protected by the same laws, and which would pursue a “the world has become the global village of which we once spoke policy of social justice. Those prisoners went into jail only in wishful metaphor.” committed to that cause, and they came out committed to that cause. They had not changed their dream of a He pointed out: non-racist South Africa; it was up to others to abandon “The danger is that globalisation can come to mean only the their oppression, racial smears and scaremongering. free flow of goods and finance, the open access to markets”, South Africa and the world were fortunate to have, in and warned: Nelson Mandela, a leader superbly fitted to bringing “The concern for the common good, which characterised the about the necessary change. The responses from all international solidarity we spoke of, is in danger of being lost in around the world in the past few days attest to that. He the current understanding of a global world.” was a man with a unique combination of profound It is time for leaders around the world and here at home dignity and a sense of fun; a man of towering intellect to heed his warning. Then and only then will we know and plain words; and a man of the deepest enduring that they have really learned the lessons of Nelson commitment to the cause of liberty. He was surely the Mandela’s life and work. model of what every decent human being would wish A few years ago, a child at a primary school in my to be. constituency came up and asked me, “Who is the goodest Meeting Nelson Mandela was a pleasure. He put person you know?” I did not correct her English—I people at their ease, but behind the twinkling eyes, knew what she wanted to know. I said, “Nelson Mandela.” charm and self-deprecating humour was the tempered All of us who had the honour of meeting him will go to steel of his commitment to his principles. After meeting our graves feeling privileged to be able to say, “Yes, him, most people, including Presidents and Prime Ministers, I met Nelson Mandela.” realised that they did not measure up to his standards. Most of us at least felt inspired to try to do a bit better 4.5 pm in future. He made racists look pathetic. In my view, his Miss Anne McIntosh (Thirsk and Malton) (Con): It is example made it possible for Barack Obama to be a great pleasure to follow the right hon. Member for elected President of the United States. Holborn and St Pancras (Frank Dobson), and I recognise Mr Mandela rightly enjoyed the worldwide recognition the contribution that he made. of his remarkable character and achievements, but he Just before the right hon. Member for Kirkcaldy and never allowed that to divert him from applying the lessons Cowdenbeath (Mr Brown) leaves his place, may I say of history and his political principles to the problems of that he became the first ever directly elected rector the present and the future. of Edinburgh university while I was a student a couple In the 1960s, ’70s and ’80s, like many others, I spent a of years behind him? To break the secrets of the ballot lot of time on marches and rallies, handing out leaflets, box, I think he will know that he did not have my organising campaigns, helping to organise the first Wembley support. That was the time when the movement against concert and getting people to boycott South African apartheid was starting, and I pay tribute to all those goods. I confess that I sometimes wondered whether it who were involved. As chairman of the all-party South was doing any good. I even felt the same after addressing Africa group, I wish to record my tribute to Nelson the United Nations special committee against apartheid. Mandela, on behalf of all the group’s officers and In one of my conversations with Nelson Mandela, I members, and pay condolences to his widow, family confessed to my doubts about the value of our very and friends. limited contribution to the anti-apartheid campaign. There are two major events in my lifetime that I His answer was that what we had done had been invaluable; believe will be remembered in history. One is the collapse that, even in jail, the prisoners had heard about the of the Berlin wall and the events leading up to it. The protests in London—they had known they had not other, of course, is the release of Nelson Mandela, been forgotten and they had been aware of the ever-growing leading to his eventual election as President and pressure on the South African Government. the introduction of true democracy in South Africa. That, of course, is why he addressed the Labour Never has there been a time when the legacy of Nelson party conference. He came to thank the Labour party Mandela has been so needed as it is now. One need only and the trade unions for what he called our faithful see what is happening in the Central African Republic support for the African National Congress “over many to realise how much we can learn from the history of decades”, which had his lifetime. 25 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 26

I also wish to record that the all-party South Africa 1980s. The first example was in the constituency of the group and other country groups meet under the auspices hon. Member for Brent Central (), where of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association, and the council unveiled Mandela close in 1981. I think that we must not lose sight of the great contribution that if Members wish to keep the legacy of Mandela going Nelson Mandela, his party and his Government made locally, they should take account of the examples set by to the Commonwealth during his time as President. other cities, such as Leicester, and try to name something That was when the great diversity of the Commonwealth after this great man. really came into its own. Let me end by saying just two things, because I know In recording Nelson Mandela’s contribution and that many other Members want to speak. Nelson Mandela celebrating his life, I express great hope that his legacy was concerned not just about South Africa, but about will live on, and that his contribution to the great Africa, and what concerned him was the legacy of those nation and people of South Africa, and to our great who had ruined that beautiful and rich continent because Commonwealth, will live on for future generations to of colonial rule. When he won in South Africa, he said enjoy. that it was not just about South Africa and apartheid in South Africa, but about laying the foundations of 4.8 pm democracy for the future of Africa as a whole. Although Keith Vaz (Leicester East) (Lab): I begin by thanking our focus will naturally be on South Africa, especially you, Mr Speaker, for clearing the Order Paper today to this week, many other countries deserve the support of allow Members to pay tribute to Nelson Mandela. It the House, and, although Mandela’s reach was global, shows the unique way in which the House views that he was particularly concerned about his own continent. great man, the great Madiba, that we should have these Every time we come into the Chamber for prayers—led tributes. I am in the fortunate position of agreeing with by your marvellous chaplain, Mr Speaker—we read the everything that every other speaker has said, which I words of the Lord’s Prayer. We say, “Forgive us our suppose is a feature of this important and historic trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us.” debate. Those words of the Lord’s Prayer were practised by I met Nelson Mandela just after I was elected to the Mandela. He never preached religion, but his values in House. He was attending a reception in Westminster, forgiving trespasses are very obvious in the life of this and my meeting with him echoes the stories that others remarkable man. We will truly never see his like again. who met him have recounted today. I cannot say that I had anything like the relationship with him that my 4.13 pm right hon. Friend the Member for Neath (Mr Hain) Sir (North East Fife) (LD): Rather had, but anyone who did meet him will know that he like the right hon. Member for Leicester East (Keith was an extraordinary and very special man. Vaz), I feel that everything that should have been said To the black and ethnic minority communities in this has been said—most notably, perhaps, by the right hon. country, Nelson Mandela will of course have a very Member for Neath (Mr Hain), whom I am glad to call special place. When my hon. Friend the Member for my friend, albeit outside the Chamber. After all, we Streatham (Mr Umunna) was interviewed at the weekend, were once in the same party together. he talked eloquently about Madiba’s visit to Brixton It is inevitable on these occasions that we speak, as it and the great inspiration that he had been to the people were, through the prism of our own recollections. Of there. Certainly if we go to any meeting at which race course, Nelson Mandela created many iconic images, and racism is discussed, the example, legacy and inspiration but one in particular sticks in my mind, and it has of Nelson Mandela is mentioned. It is not just in already been mentioned. Let me put it in context. I had respect of South Africa that we remember him. On one not really understood the absurdity of apartheid in of his visits, we saw his support for the Stephen Lawrence sport until 1965, when, at the White City stadium in campaign. He met Doreen and Neville Lawrence, and London, two teams from South Africa were competing after the meeting he said this: in the annual athletics championships, a black team “We are deeply touched by the brutality of this murder, even wearing black blazers and a white team wearing green though it is commonplace in our country. It seems black lives are blazers. They were able to compete against each other at cheap.” the White City stadium in London, but they could not Neville and Doreen Lawrence were inspired by those compete against each other in or Johannesburg. words, and it was the support of that global figure that If I had any doubts about the absurdity of apartheid in enabled the campaign to be so successful. sport, they were most certainly extinguished on that On my arrival as the parliamentary candidate in occasion. Leicester, I walked straight into a Mandela issue: one of As we have heard, sport in South Africa was a deeply the controversies that unfortunately surrounded so many divisive issue. When in 1995, at the rugby world cup of the schemes to name monuments, parks and buildings final, Nelson Mandela wore a South African rugby after Mandela. After my selection, there was a huge shirt to present the winner’s trophy to the South African controversy in Leicester because the local council—led captain, he made an extraordinary gesture. Indeed, it at the time by the current mayor, Sir Peter Soulsby—was goes a little further than we have heard today, because trying to rename the Welford Road recreation ground Mandela wore the No. 6, which was the jersey number after Nelson Mandela. Many people objected, because of the white South African captain. I shall finish now, they felt that he had no connection with Leicester, but because so many hon. Members wish to speak, but by the council persisted and named it after him. that simple act he turned what was divisive into something Twenty-five streets in the towns and cities of the that was a force for unity. Surely on that occasion there United Kingdom are named after Mandela, nearly a was no better way to express his ambition for his third of the world’s known total. Most date back to the country. 27 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 28

4.16 pm Margaret Thatcher for what she did, and I am very Angus Robertson (Moray) (SNP): On behalf of the grateful to your current Prime Minister, Mr Major, for Scottish National party, it is a tremendous honour to all he’s done for our country.” It was as though he take part in this special tribute to the remarkable and wanted to go out of his way to put our minds completely amazing Nelson Mandela, and to follow the amazing at ease. Thirdly, when the hon. Member for Nottingham tributes that we have heard thus far from the Front North started the conversation he said, “Mr President, Benches, from the former Prime Minister, the right hon. your Excellency, we are hugely honoured to be here,” Member for Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath (Mr Brown), and the President said, “No, no, I’m honoured to have from the right hon. Member for Neath (Mr Hain) and you here.” I do not think anyone who met him ever from many others. forgot his incredible charm and his impeccable manners. A lot of people have spoken about his magnanimity, I was at school and then at university in the 1980s, his ability to forgive, his dignity and his desire for when apartheid as an issue, and the campaign for the reconciliation, and I want to just pick up two incidents release of Nelson Mandela and other African National that are really quite extraordinary. First, he appointed Congress prisoners, was at its height. The Anti-Apartheid his former jailer, Jannie Roux, who went on to become a Movement in Scotland was extremely strong, with the prison commissioner, as ambassador to Austria. The city of Glasgow granting the imprisoned ANC leader other example testifies to his extraordinary ability to the freedom of that great city. Everyone in Scotland forgive: he organised an official lunch for , remembers with tremendous affection Nelson Mandela’s who was the official prosecutor in the Rivonia trial and visit to Glasgow after his release, when he collected the who was calling for his execution during that trial. freedom of the city in person. He said: As my right hon. Friend the Member for North East “Whilst we were physically denied our freedom in the country of our birth, a city 6,000 miles away refused to accept the Bedfordshire (Alistair Burt) mentioned, it is easy to legitimacy of the apartheid system and declared us to be free. forget the sense of pessimism in South Africa in the You, the people of Glasgow, pledged that you would not relax ’80s and very early ’90s. Indeed, 70% of South Africans until I was free to receive this honour in person. I am deeply believed that the situation would end in an appalling grateful to you and the anti-apartheid movement in Scotland for civil war and a bloodbath. I believe that Nelson Mandela all your efforts to this end.” was personally responsible for preventing that from What was true about Glasgow was true about many happening and for preventing an utter catastrophe. other places the length and breadth of the UK and Also—what an example this is to other African leaders—he around the world, and we today remember all of those never, ever went out of his way to try to better himself people who campaigned for his release and the end of at the expense of his fellow countrymen. He never let apartheid. We remember especially all those people in power go to his head and he was never, ever corrupted. South Africa who made the ultimate sacrifice and died What an absolute tragedy that more leaders on that as part of that campaign. We also recall the support of continent are not following his extraordinary example. Nelson Mandela for the Scottish justice system—which While we mourn a remarkable man, we must give did not please all—with the compassionate release of thanks for a truly extraordinary life. Abdelbaset al-Megrahi. What Nelson Mandela achieved in South Africa was Mr Speaker: We are extremely grateful to the hon. literally amazing and had previously seemed unimaginable. Gentleman for that speech. His humanity, dignity, optimism and vision are a legacy for the whole world to share and will never be forgotten. 4.22 pm (Leeds Central) (Lab): There are rare 4.18 pm moments in life when the death of one person brings Mr Henry Bellingham (North West ) (Con): the world together and touches many hearts, and the It is a pleasure to follow the hon. Member for Moray passing of Nelson Mandela is such a moment. In truth, (Angus Robertson). I too send my heartfelt condolences the words we reach for to try and describe his achievements to Nelson Mandela’s widow and family. I will never seem not to match the scale of the task or do justice to forget the first time I met Nelson Mandela. Opposition what he achieved, the feelings we hold for him and the Members have spoken of his extraordinary warmth and memories we have of both. I certainly witnessed that. In Leeds, we have our memory of that day in April I was lucky enough to visit South Africa on what 2001 when he came to our city to receive its freedom—the I think was the first all-party parliamentary group highest honour we were able to bestow. We cheered his visit after the 1994 elections, a delegation led by the arrival in a packed Millennium square as he climbed the hon. Member for Nottingham North (Mr Allen). The stage and, in his characteristic way, paused to greet Conservatives on the delegation felt a degree of every person who was on it, including the children who apprehension and unease before the meeting in Shell had been singing: everyone mattered and everyone was house in Jo’burg. We could hardly have been seen by the included. He then addressed us, and he began with ANC as great historic allies, and we were not exactly on these immortal words: “It is wonderful to be here in the right side of the struggle against apartheid. But I Liverpool.” There are other occasions on which uttering will never forget three things from that first meeting those words in Leeds could get you into some difficulty, with President Mandela, as he was then. First was his but did we care? No, we did not: we cheered him all the extraordinary warmth. Secondly, he seemed to understand more, because it was a privilege to be there in that intuitively that the Conservatives on the delegation felt throng to see a man who had made history. uneasy. He went out of his way to put us at ease, and Whether in public or in private, Nelson Mandela was when we went around the table introducing ourselves that same man: he was calm, he was dignified, he was he said to the Conservatives, “I’m really grateful to resolute, he was unfailingly courteous. It is no wonder 29 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 30 that he was an inspiration to so many people, because, It is not easy to find the best words to describe with grace, he showed that belief makes everything Nelson Mandela, but his nobility, dignified nature and possible. courage, and the inspiration he brought to countless However, as we have heard today, it did not always others, have already been spoken of far more eloquently seem so, and so as we remember one man’s extraordinary than I can speak of them. His absence of bitterness and life, each of us recalls—including in the contributions resentment is perhaps the most extraordinary of all his we have heard, many of them extremely moving—how attributes, and perhaps also the rarest. He was similar in our lives were intertwined with his. Although the House one respect to : in the magnanimity speaks with one voice today, it was not always so. As we he showed, and spoke of showing, in victory. have heard from my right hon. Friend the Leader of the Unlike many of the previous speakers, I never had Opposition, those who marched to Trafalgar square or the privilege of meeting Nelson Mandela, so I would stood on the pavement outside South Africa house were like to honour him by mentioning just some of those not treated as heroes—indeed, some regarded us, them who helped him in their small and various ways. There and him as dangerous extremists. My right hon. Friend were millions who did so, including those who went to the Member for Neath (Mr Hain) gave us a reminder by the concerts and those who went in their hundreds of reading out those petty, demeaning rules on how much thousands to marches. Of course the Jewish people, the food the prisoners on Robben Island could get. When I people of my faith, played a crucial role in various visited and saw those things written on the signs, my jaw stages of Mandela’s life, especially in his early decades. dropped, because there was represented a perpetuation Apparently, the only white person he ever called a boss of racist difference instead of what Mandela stood of his was Lazar Sidelsky, a Jewish lawyer from for, which was to embrace our common humanity. It is Johannesburg, who in the 1940s hired him as a legal therefore right that we should pay tribute to all those clerk. In his 1994 autobiography, “Long Walk to Freedom”, people, including those still in this House, who showed Mr Mandela said: such courage to stand up for him, for his ideals and for “It was a Jewish firm, and in my experience I have found Jews the ANC at a time when it was neither fashionable nor to be more broadminded than most whites on issues of race and popular to do so. politics, perhaps because they themselves have historically been victims of prejudice.” Mandela’s passing also reminds us that many of the great changes we have now come to take for granted—and, He went on: oh, don’t we take them for granted—came not through “The fact that Lazar Sidelsky, one of the firm’s partners, would the consensus we have heard expressed here today, but take on a young African as an articled clerk—almost unheard-of in those days—was evidence of that liberalism.” in and through struggle and through politics. My right hon. Friend the Member for Derby South (Margaret Many years later, Mandela apparently attended the Beckett) was absolutely right to make the point about Bar Mitzvah of Sidelsky’s son, Barry. Countless other the power of politics to utterly transform our world and Jewish people had close relationships with Mr Mandela— people’s lives. people such as Isie Maisels, Harry Schwarz, and . Many others helped him in his Out of all the words that have been used to describe long struggle and, in many cases, suffered for it. Arthur Nelson Mandela two stand out for me: magnanimity Goldreich helped to hide Mr Mandela and the ANC in and reconciliation. After those long years of imprisonment, the early 1960s. He apparently set up a fake farm to do he showed magnanimity at the very moment when he so, but was unfortunately uncovered in 1963 by the had forced the apartheid regime to grant him his freedom South African apartheid security forces and later managed by refusing to yield, and he preached reconciliation. to escape to the country. Why? It was because he knew it was the only way he Benjamin Pogrund, the former deputy editor of the could achieve his vision of a non-racist and democratic Rand Daily Mail, South Africa’s leading newspaper, South Africa—it was his leadership that made that was a pioneer in reporting politics at a time when it was possible. not only unfashionable to report on black politics in I simply say that one of the best ways in which we can South Africa but illegal. As has already been said, honour Mandela’s memory is to let his example stand—the Mr Mandela was a politician, and the importance of right hon. Member for North East Bedfordshire (Alistair having those political references transmitted in newsprint Burt) made this point—as a lesson to the leaders in cannot be overstated. In 1961, Pogrund helped Mr Mandela other conflicts in the world today, because, like Nelson to organise an illegal strike. In the 1980s, he was among Mandela, they face two simple choices. The easy path is the first non-family members to visit him in his cell on to remain a victim. The more courageous path is to say Robben Island. Of course there were others who were to those they lead and to the world, “This is what we not supportive of Mr Mandela. Many in the small must now do in the interests of peace.” Nelson Mandela Jewish community in South Africa adopted a sort of once said: benign neutrality. “No one is born hating another person because of the colour Mr Mandela was always a strong supporter of the of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People must learn Palestinian people. I echo remarks made by Members to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love.” on both sides of the House about how we now must May he be granted in death the peace for which he look for leaders of a similar stature—I hope that that is campaigned so hard in life. possible—who can take the lead in other perennial conflicts around the world, and who can, like a colossus 4.27 pm as Nelson Mandela was, bestride both sides of the argument. It will take someone of Mandela’s ilk to Michael Ellis (Northampton North) (Con): It is a work towards reconciliation in those parts of the world. privilege and honour to follow the right hon. Member Nelson Mandela was always firm about Israel’s right for Leeds Central (Hilary Benn). to a peaceful existence, but he strongly supported the 31 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 32

[Michael Ellis] Ruth First, he dedicated his life to a free South Africa. Slovo survived all and became a Minister in Mandela’s cause of the Palestinian people. In his work for Government. reconciliation, he chose not to dig up the hatred and the If I may stray just a little from the consensus today—only anger, which are so justified in many cases. He famously a little—I think that we should be asking ourselves in said, “Those who wish to foster recrimination and paying tribute to Nelson Mandela how it was possible hatred are like people who take poison expecting it to for the apartheid regime to last more than 40 years. My injure their enemies.” knowledge of South Africa at 15 was very limited. I In 1997, he agreed to receive, in South Africa, an knew about the war involving Britain that my right hon. honorary doctorate from Ben-Gurion university. He Friend the Member for Neath (Mr Hain) mentioned, then went on to take about 30 honorary doctorates. It obviously, and I knew that Africans in that country would be remiss of me not to mention Progressive party were not having a good time of it, to say the least. But member , the only politician in the South when I read in 1948 that the National party had won the African Parliament between 1961 and 1974 who was election, I knew immediately, like so many people in this opposed to apartheid. country and despite my young years, that far worse was to come for the black majority. Mr Bellingham: A great woman. Three years after the decisive defeat of European Michael Ellis: A great woman, as my hon. Friend fascism, with Nazi Germany defeated at long last, why, points out. when a regime came into being with a Government elected by whites that was determined to bring about Apparently, when Helen Suzman was questioning a the strictest form of segregation based on colour and to Minister in the South African Parliament and asking remove the few rights that Africans had, did western him to justify the apartheid policies that the South powers show such indifference? Later, it was not indifference African Government were inflicting on the people of alone. We know, as was widely reported, how every that country—she was alone in her views—the Minister form of humiliation was put on the majority of people said to her, “Your questions are embarrassing South living in South Africa, such as the notorious pass laws, Africa, ” and she responded, “It’s not my questions, it’s which made their lives difficult from day to day. We your answers.” She was made an honorary dame by Her know the repression and the manner in which people Majesty the Queen in 1989 and the House will no doubt such as Nelson Mandela and the rest were forced, agree that she richly deserved that honour. against their wishes in the main, to take up armed I wanted to honour Nelson Mandela in my speech struggle. The ANC, which was established in 1911, was today by mentioning just a small number of those anxious to avoid violence until 1960, but after Sharpeville people who helped him along that path and by giving that was not possible. Ironically, Sharpeville was not the names of some of those who honoured him in their organised as a demonstration by the ANC. I remember lifetimes. I pay tribute to a great man. the reaction of the Labour movement when Sharpeville occurred on 21 March 1960. It was an early Easter, and 4.35 pm the London Labour party, for instance, cancelled its Mr David Winnick (Walsall North) (Lab): I certainly weekend meetings and joined a massive demonstration agree with the hon. Member for Northampton North in Trafalgar square. Far from opposing the regime, (Michael Ellis) that Nelson Mandela would have had a there was indifference when the apartheid Government loathing of anti-Semitism while at the same time supporting were elected. Britain, the United States and most the Palestinian cause. He would have recognised that democracies were quite willing over those 40 years, to the Palestinian cause is another injustice that must be sell all kinds of military equipment to South Africa and righted at some stage—and the earlier the better. to train its military personnel. In paying tribute to this outstanding personality today, We raised the issue on many occasions in the ’60s, we should remember, as he would always wish us to, all ’70s and ’80s, before Nelson Mandela and his colleagues those who dedicated themselves to the liberation movement were released, and before the ban on the ANC was in South Africa and worked tirelessly when they were lifted, and every time we did so in the House of Commons forced into exile. It should not be forgotten that when the response from the Government of the day—certainly Mandela faced a possible death sentence in 1964, seven from Conservative Governments—was “We oppose others were in the dock with him. They included Walter apartheid”. I do not question that—I do not believe for Sisulu, , whose son was to be the second one moment that Mrs Thatcher was in favour of apartheid. President of South Africa after apartheid, and Denis In fact, she would have realised that that was counter- Goldberg. They were all sentenced to prison for life and productive. The accusation is not that those politicians they all knew before the sentence was passed the sharp were in favour of apartheid—some may have been, but possibility that they would be executed. the majority were not—but that they refused to take Others should not be forgotten either, such as Steve any action to undermine and isolate the system and see Biko, who was not of the ANC but had his own black it destroyed. That is the accusation that I think historians consciousness movement. He was arrested on a number will make against those in power. That does not apply of occasions and the last time he was in police custody only to Britain—the United States carried far more he was murdered. He was beaten to death in November responsibility for keeping the regime in office. 1977. Others were murdered outside South Africa, of I hope that the lesson has been learned: when tyranny course, including, as my right hon. Friend the Leader of occurs, we should take a somewhat different attitude. I the Opposition said, Ruth First, the wife of Joe Slovo. hope that there is no repeat of what occurred when As Members will know, Joe Slovo was one of the apartheid was able to exist for such a long time. I also leading senior military commanders in the ANC. Like have to ask why so many Members of Parliament, and 33 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 34 future Members of Parliament, were willing to go on in the house of John Reid, the pro vice chancellor of so-called fact-finding trips, with all expenses paid by the Cape Town university. He was breaking the law by South African Government? It was argued that they having black students living with him and his family in wanted to see the position for themselves, but I noticed his house in a comfortable suburb of Cape Town. when they came back that they did not condemn the On the other side of the railway line was the destroyed regime, which is an indictment of parliamentarians of settlement of Crossroads. When we went to the memorial the past that I hope will also not be repeated. service the next day South African defence force tanks Nelson Mandela was one of the great people of our circled around us—the Casspirs—where 20,000 people’s times. He was an outstanding personality, he gave inspired homes had been destroyed. It was more than I had ever leadership to his people and in his own way—27 years’ imagined a place where liberty had been extinguished imprisonment, apart from anything else—dedicated his for the majority of the people, and the oppression of whole adult life to freedom in South Africa. I wish only the military and the South African economic strength that we could say that Britain played a decisive part in was bearing down on them. I pay tribute to those such helping to remove the apartheid regime, and in paying as our friend Garth Collins, who had started building tribute to Mandela we should recognise our own faults bridges, which meant that from staying in the townships, and limitations. in places such as Soweto, and visiting activists there, we could in the same day go to talk privately and confidentially 4.43 pm to people in the Government who understood that they would have to change their ways. Simon Hughes (Bermondsey and Old Southwark) (LD): It is a privilege to take part in this debate to pay We met people in the Dutch Reformed Church who, tribute to Nelson Mandela and to join colleagues who even then, did not understand how evil was their have done that so wonderfully well across the House. interpretation of the Bible as they understood it. I remember Peter Pike and I meeting P.W. Botha. We saw At the period of its greatest need in the last century, him coming towards us and we had a terrible moment: that beautiful, proud, rich and wonderfully diverse and do we shake the hand of somebody whom we have talented country, South Africa, needed someone of opposed and campaigned against all our lives—Peter as Nelson Mandela’s stature to rescue it from what was, in a trade unionist and anti-apartheid activist, Alistair my judgment and that of many others, inevitable civil and I—or do we not? We did so, although, I have to say, war. There was a great probability of huge conflict and it was difficult. Nelson Mandela showed that you have further killing to add to all the injustice, suffering and to reach out, shake people by the hand and seek to oppression that had gone before. After 40 years of persuade them that they need to change their ways. pent-up repression since 1948, things could not have In 1994 I was privileged to host some young South been held for much longer by the apartheid regime. Africans, mainly black and coloured South Africans, I, like others, became a student activist in the Young who were here on the day of the first election—that Liberals at the same time as the right hon. Member great day in April 1994 when the election took place in for Neath (Mr Hain). I pay tribute to him and to his South Africa. Colleagues might remember that three parents and his family for their example, having come polling stations were set up in London, one of which to this country, in making people realise that we had an was at Methodist Central hall, for the first-ever democratic international duty of solidarity to others a long way election. These youngsters wanted to be the first people away. Even if we could not directly affect what was to vote in this first-ever free election, so they camped happening, we could indirectly affect what was happening. overnight on the steps of Methodist Central hall. There The stop the tour campaign and the other actions were lots of journalists outside and they went in to vote. certainly added to the changes that South Africa underwent. As they came out, the journalists were asking, if I may Many people who have been in this place and are say so, rather simplistic journalistic questions. They currently in the other place and elsewhere were part of stopped a young girl and asked, “Didn’t you find it very the Anti-Apartheid Movement and led it in this country. complicated to choose who to vote for, given that long Like others, I am very clear that Mike Terry was a list of parties on the ballot paper?” There was a little stalwart of the movement, and I pay tribute to Bob pause and she said to the journalist, “I didn’t find it Hughes, now in the other place. I pay tribute to Dick complicated at all. We’ve had a lot of time to think Caborn, with whom I reminisced only the other day, about it.” A young black guy, perhaps 18 or 19 years and to Glenys and Neil Kinnock and others in the old, was asked, rather predictably, “What did you feel as Labour party in this country. I pay tribute, too, to my you cast your vote?” He paused and then very wisely colleagues—to Jo Grimond, , David Steel said, “I put a very big cross so that nobody could ignore and Paddy Ashdown, who were unrelenting in pursuing my opinion.” the case for a change in apartheid. I am glad that the That liberation moment, when those people queued hon. Member for Northampton North (Michael Ellis) to vote in that first election, that transformational moment, paid tribute to Helen Suzman, the sole white South was Mandela’s doing. It was no accident that he was African Opposition politician elected under the apartheid able to deliver it, because he had worked and prepared system, who challenged and challenged and challenged for it during his time on Robben Island. He learnt to again the oppression of the apartheid regime. speak fluently in order to engage not only As my right hon. Friend the Member for North East with his jailers, but with people in the Government. He Bedfordshire (Alistair Burt) said in his moving speech, went out of his way, even before his formal release, to we were privileged first to visit South Africa together in meet people secretly. 1986 with our friend, Peter Pike, and Anthony Cordle, That great moment when he walked on to the pitch at who arranged for us to go. I have very rarely been in the rugby world cup final in 1995 also followed huge tears in my public life, but we landed on the day before preparation. Mandela had met Francois Pienaar on the anniversary of the Crossroads massacre. We stayed many occasions and they had become close friends. We 35 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 36

[Simon Hughes] to such disadvantage to so many. The most commonly heard phrase today has been, “We will never see his like remember his wonderful comments when he commended again”, but we will do him a disservice if we do not use Francois Pienaar and the Springbok team, which I that inspiration in our own lives and in our politics. believe had only one non-white player in the squad, while wearing the Springbok jersey. Francois Pienaar 4.55 pm said, “We are playing this game for you, Mr President, not only for South Africa.” The crowd, which was almost ( Central) (Lab): It is a privilege entirely white, chanted “Mandela, Mandela, Mandela” to speak today as one of the thousands whom my right from the stands as South Africa went on to win. For hon. Friend the Leader of the Opposition described as those Members who are interested in sport, I recommend having been involved, month after month, year after a wonderful book by John Carlin, “Playing the Enemy: year, when the Anti-Apartheid Movement was unpopular, Nelson Mandela and the Game That Made a Nation”, in raising the demands of Mandela and of the African which tracks the history of that rugby world cup National Congress. We had no personal connection tournament up to that moment. It is inspirational reading. with South Africa but were drawn into the movement I had the huge privilege of being back in South by the horror of apartheid, by the courage of those who Africa earlier this year. I was met by , Premier stood against it, and by recognising the complicity of of the Western Cape, who kindly accommodated me in our own country in the apartheid regime’s longer-than- what had been the district administrator’s residence. I fitting survival. I was privileged to be involved for did not know it until I went into the house, but the 25 years, for 16 of them as part of the elected national room I was given to sleep in was the room in which leadership of the movement, along with my right hon. Mandela had slept the night before his presidential Friend the Member for Holborn and St Pancras (Frank inauguration—it is now called the Madiba room. I Dobson) and my hon. Friend the Member for York texted family members and friends back home to share Central (Hugh Bayley). my excitement. One replied, “He was a great man, and I In 1976, shortly after the , the ANC assume somebody’s changed the sheets since then.” But asked me to go to South Africa because at that time as I sat at the desk from which he composed his Cabinet I was co-ordinating the student campaign in the UK and looked out over Table Mountain, it was only then against apartheid. The ANC wanted me to meet those that the significance of the transformation he had brought involved in the uprising to explore how we could work about in politics in South Africa completely dawned together to build international solidarity. I travelled on me. widely throughout the country until I was forced to I associate myself closely with the comments of the leave having drawn the attention of the South African right hon. Member for Derby South (Margaret Beckett). security forces. Among many powerful memories, I recall Mandela was a political leader of a political party of a staying illegally in an Indian district in Cape Town in a political movement across a continent, and it was in house with a distant view of Robben Island. The woman that role that he stood for office and was returned as the whose house it was, who was not herself involved in first democratically elected South African President. politics, was probably puzzled by my presence there, Hugely to his credit, he did not cling to office. He served having done a favour for a friend in putting me up. I only one term before handing over to the next generation, probably did not recognise the risk that I was putting to and others. A little like the father of her at by being there illegally. We were talking one the right hon. Member for Leeds Central (Hilary Benn), morning in her kitchen, and she pointed across to , who said when he left this place that he was Robben Island and said, “When you go back to your going to do politics outside, Mandela went on to do country, tell your Government that that’s where our wonderful leadership work—for example, in campaigning leaders are—not in Pretoria.” Sadly, it took many more against HIV/AIDS. years before this country did recognise that that is I hope that Mandela’s legacy reminds everybody not where the leaders were and did recognise the extraordinary only of the great example of people such as Trevor leadership of Nelson Mandela. Huddleston and the wonderful inspiration of places In acknowledging that leadership today, we should such as St Martin-in-the-Fields, which campaigned against also remember those who stood alongside Nelson Mandela apartheid for many years and hosted all those who were who are also no longer with us: , who not allowed into the South African embassy when they recruited him to the ANC, and Walter’s exceptional protested in Trafalgar square, but of the others in wife, Albertina, who, four decades later, nominated public life who always argued for the principled position. Mandela as the first President of a free, non-racial He proved that politicians can change the world, and South Africa; Mandela’s colleague in the law practice in even that lawyers who are politicians can do really South Africa and subsequently the person who flew the important things. flag of the ANC in exile for so long and so well, Oliver I think that the courage, dignity and discipline that Tambo; and those already mentioned who built the Mandela showed had another lasting legacy that colleagues, Anti-Apartheid Movement around the world and in the including the right hon. Member for Kirkcaldy and UK, particularly Archbishop Trevor Huddleston, who, Cowdenbeath (Mr Brown), have alluded to: he made us as president, led it so wonderfully for so many years, realise that we all have a mutual responsibility for each and Mike Terry, who, as executive secretary over the other across the world. There is so much injustice, longest and most critical part of its existence, provided discrimination, poverty and inequality, including in South strategic leadership and a sense of direction that made Africa, still to fight. I hope that he will inspire the it into the organisation that it was in this country. people of South Africa, all its leaders and all its parties, I am proud that my city of Sheffield played its part in to rise to the challenge and the rest of the world never that movement. Hundreds were involved in the campaign to stand by for so long when such oppression goes on, against apartheid and thousands more took up the call 37 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 38 by refusing to buy South African goods, changing their on domestic policy—on immigration and on human bank accounts, challenging the trade missions that went rights and when we consider our role in the world—and from the city, and standing outside our theatres and not making the mistake again of being on the wrong other big venues when those who breached the cultural side of justice. boycott of South Africa performed there. Standing up for those values, even when it is Our city council led a network of local authorities uncomfortable or when it is inconvenient, would be the against apartheid. One of our universities divested itself measure of our tribute to Mandela. of shares in companies operating in South Africa and another named one of its major buildings after Mandela. 5.4 pm Our churches took up the cause and our trade unions pressed the boycott of South Africa in the workplace. Sir Edward Garnier (Harborough) (Con): Having All were inspired by Mandela, the ANC and the values heard the contributions of two Prime Ministers, the of the freedom charter agreed at the Congress of the Leader of the Opposition and a number of other senior People in Kliptown in 1955. Members of the House, I think my contribution this evening is almost superfluous. In fact, it probably is It is important that when we reflect, we learn the real superfluous. But having heard the contribution of the lessons. A lot has been said today about reconciliation right hon. Member for Neath (Mr Hain), I think my and rightly so. Reconciliation is built on forgiving, but contribution is probably impertinent. However, I want not on forgetting. The starting point for the reconciliation briefly to give a little illustration of Nelson Mandela, process that Mandela put in place in South Africa was the man not in the public eye, and perhaps to illustrate— to confront the truth of those who had been involved in others will know of him far better than I did—how that the apartheid regime’s oppression. Around the world, characteristic of disarming modesty and magnanimity, many of those who have been quick to praise Mandela which has been spoken about so much this afternoon, now should recognise, with humility, that they were as came across to me. quick to condemn him in the past. In September 1990, just a few months after Nelson The eulogies of the past few days have glossed over Mandela had been released, I was in Johannesburg, in the reality of the struggle. The story has been told the offices of the Johannesburg Star, discussing as a almost as if white South Africa had, in time, come to newspaper lawyer with the editor of the newspaper their senses, realised that they had got it wrong with issues to do with freedom of the press and wider freedom apartheid and thought it was about time they released of expression, to do with censorship and self-censorship, Mandela and negotiated a peaceful settlement. Actually, which the media in South Africa had either had imposed however, the Prime Minister was right to say in his upon them or had felt sensible to impose upon themselves. opening remarks that justice in South Africa was not There came a time when our conversation came to an handed down; it was hard-fought for. The truth is that end and I said to the editor, “Just across the street are freedom was not, as the right hon. and learned Member the offices of the ANC. Do you think if I went in there for Kensington (Sir Malcolm Rifkind) suggested, and asked to see Mr Mandela, they would let me?” benevolently gifted to Mandela and the ANC by the Whereupon the editor said, “Of course they won’t, but regime. They fought for it and they won it in a victory you might as well have a go.” So I went across the street, over the apartheid state. They were opposed at every pressed the button on the lift and went to the top floor step of the way—brutally—by the regime and were too of the building, and the girl behind the desk in the ANC often let down by western Governments who put their offices said, “Hello, can I help?” and I said, “Yes, I have economic interests first, blocked sanctions, applied the come to see Mr Mandela.” She said, “If you sit there, he veto at the UN Security Council time after time during will be with you in a moment.” So I sat there. the ’80s and condemned Mandela as a terrorist. After a few moments, Joe Slovo came out into the It was only after years of civil resistance, often at hall and said, “Hello. I gather you have come to see appalling personal cost to the people of South Africa, Mr Mandela.” I said, “Yes, I have.” He said, “Well, he that that resistance had made South Africa ungovernable. will be with you in a minute.” He went back, and about It was only when, despite the opposition from Governments 10 minutes later, Mr Mandela, Mr Slovo and a note including ours in the ’80s, sanctions had made South taker—so reminiscent of our modern government—came Africa more isolated internationally that the regime into the hall and ushered me into a boardroom, where recognised it had no future. It was driven to the negotiating Mr Mandela sat at the end of the table, Mr Slovo sat on table by the uncompromising campaign led by Nelson his left, I sat on his right and the note taker sat opposite. Mandela and the ANC, and in the negotiations before Mr Mandela said to me, “Welcome to South Africa. and after his release he made no concessions. Thank you for coming to see me.” I said, “On the Compassion, forgiveness and generosity were the contrary, thank you very much—” and he stopped me characteristics of Mandela’s post-apartheid nation and said, “You are not Dutch.” I said, “No, I am building, but it was his political vision, judgment and English.” He said, “Whoever let you in should be taken uncompromising determination that created the opportunity out and shot.” Whereupon he roared with laughter, to build a new nation. Of course, Mandela could, as gripped me firmly by the hand and said, “Let’s talk. others have said, have led a revolution that simply Who are you? What are you here for?” I was not a turned the tables. As many have pointed out, he did not. Member of Parliament; I was simply a jobbing lawyer Instead of revenge, he sought reconciliation. To honour across the road at the Johannesburg Star, who had taken his life, we should be learning from his values, seeking an opportunity that Mr Mandela, as a former guerrilla, to build understanding and respect between communities, had thought quite witty. challenging at every opportunity the politics of hatred I had 20 minutes with Messrs Mandela and Slovo, and division, committing ourselves to the cause of and during the course of those 20 minutes I learned a equality and justice, applying those values in our debates lot about human nature and political forgiveness, and 39 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 40

[Sir Edward Garnier] received the freedom of the city of Cardiff, but Hanif insisted that his name be replaced by that of someone of I learned a lot about that great man himself. During the the same age and vintage as Nelson Mandela—namely, course of our conversation, he told me that he now felt Bert Pearce, who was the general secretary of the as much a prisoner of the expectations of the majority Communist party in Wales. population of South Africa as he had of the apartheid Many tributes have been paid to Nelson Mandela, regime while incarcerated. It had not occurred to me but to me the most striking was the one from his until he told me what a huge effort would be required by long-term adversary, F. W. de Klerk. He emphasised him to ensure that the new South Africa could be a how important Nelson Mandela had been in convincing peaceful and prosperous one. But I think it is fair to so many people, including himself, of the importance of say—the right hon. Member for Neath will know more the universality of human rights. about all of this than I—that the South Africa that we We all have particular memories of Nelson Mandela see today, with all its imperfections and economic difficulties, and, listening to the debate today, it has been striking to would be light years behind where it is now were it not hear how diverse those memories are. My most important for the example, conduct and character of that most memory of him is my first memory, and it dates back extraordinary man. almost to the beginning of Nelson Mandela’s journey, When I left that room, Nelson Mandela asked me at the end of the Rivonia trial. I went with my father, what I was going to do in future years—I was not quite who was the general secretary of the south Wales area 39, so for him a youngish man—and I said I was hoping of the National Union of Mineworkers, to to become a Member of Parliament in the Conservative cathedral. Like many cathedrals and churches across interest, and he said, “Well, make sure you send me the world, Llandaff had decided, under the leadership your maiden speech.” I am afraid that I let him down; I of the World Council of Churches, to hold a vigil did not send him the speech, but I think that if I had through the night at which people would pray and show done so, he would have read it and probably written their solidarity with Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu back to me—indirectly if not directly—to remind me of and all the other African National Congress leaders our discussion. who were under sentence of death. They were to be Some years later in the mid to late 1990s, when I was executed the following morning. It was our duty and a visiting fellow at St Antony’s college in Oxford, President privilege to be there, just as it is a privilege to recall that Mandela came to open a seminar and lecture room moment. Bishop Glyn Simon and Dean Eryl S. Thomas there. I thrust myself forward from the crowd of hundreds read from the New Testament through the night until and introduced myself to him, saying, “Of course you dawn. That gathering was remarkable for its diversity of will not remember when we met in your offices some political opinion and faiths. There, in microcosm, was a years ago.” He said, “You’re quite right. Of course I kind of mirror image of the African National Congress: don’t remember you, but it is very nice to see you.” One it was representative of the emerging Wales anti-apartheid of our sort of politicians would have lied and said that movement, and all progressive opinion in Wales was they did remember, but he did not. there. I realise that I am in danger of talking about myself That was the beginning of the long journey that rather than about Mr Mandela. I am telling this story Nelson Mandela started and, we would like to think, of to illustrate the fact that even though he could expect the journey for those in Wales and Britain who were in nothing from me, I had nothing to give him and I was a solidarity with him. The two most important social waste of his time in that meeting room in 1990—and I movements or institutions at the heart of that movement certainly was not the Dutch parliamentarian he was from beginning to end were the churches, led by the expecting—he gave me his time and, more importantly, Welsh Council of Churches, and the trade union movement, he gave me his hand. I shall never forget that. He shook led by the South Wales Miners Union. my hand and I shall be eternally grateful for that hand My second memory is of two particular moments of friendship that he gave to me, a stranger. That is the in Cardiff in December 1969, when Wales played the man that I remember. Springboks. First, when the main march came to the bottom of St Mary street, it met a separate march from 5.11 pm the black community in Butetown, which unified with Dr Hywel Francis (Aberavon) (Lab): It is a pleasure ours. It was led by the Cardiff International athletic to follow the hon. and learned Member for Harborough club—the CIACs—with the banner that I understand (Sir Edward Garnier). I should like to place on record was made specially for the occasion, and with one of its my thanks to you, Mr Speaker, for allowing me to be proudest members and sons, the late great Joe Erskine, called early in the debate, and to apologise for my the British and European boxing champion. Symbolically, absence earlier in the day. I have not been particularly the two marches unified at that point. A second, but well but my doctor, Dr Grant, allowed me to come here sadder, moment was when one speaker said that it was a because I insisted on doing so. shame for Wales to have the people’s game played It is with great pride that I speak today not only as behind barbed wire. The one consolation was that there the hon. Member for Aberavon but as the Chair of the were more people on the demonstration than inside Joint Committee on Human Rights, whose work has watching the match. been enormously influenced by the new free democratic My third memory was of my late hon. Friend the South Africa. I have also been a member of the Wales Member for Aberdare and then for Cynon Valley, Ioan anti-apartheid movement since its earliest days, and I Evans, who did so much solidarity work in South want to pay tribute to my long-standing friend Hanif Africa. He came with me to deliver a letter from the Bhamjee, who kept the movement going through the Bishop of Namibia in exile, Dr Colin Winter—he had most difficult times. He should have been mentioned in been thrown out of Namibia for his solidarity work in Nelson Mandela’s speech in 1998 when Mr Mandela support of striking miners there—urging the members 41 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 42 of the Cwmbach male voice choir not to go to South Margaret Thatcher has been wrongly quoted as saying Africa. I mention that choir’s name in tribute to them, that Nelson Mandela was a terrorist. She may have said because they eventually agreed not to go, and I salute that the ANC was a terrorist organisation. Given that it them now, although I had never done so. I suppose that was involved in sabotage, although it tried to avoid the that is our little contribution to reconciliation. loss of life, that was accurate. If one reads the book by Finally, I have a received memory, not a personal one. Lord Renwick or his article in A matter of a few yards from this Chamber, the then today, one will see that her instruction to her diplomats Leader of the Opposition, Neil Kinnock—he played an was to try to get matters resolved. She certainly would enormous part in the anti-apartheid movement in Wales not have sent Robin Renwick to South Africa as our and Britain, and internationally—welcomed Nelson ambassador if she had been supporting apartheid. Mandela to the shadow Cabinet room in 1990. It was My father served as our ambassador to South Africa very striking that Nelson Mandela paused and looked in the early 1970s. The only doubt about his taking at a particular Welsh miners’ banner that had been the appointment came when the Prime Minister asked made in 1961, a year after the . It the permanent under-secretary at the Foreign Office, was in the brilliant, beautiful colours of the African “Is Jim Bottomley so much against apartheid that he National Congress—black, green and gold. Importantly, will be no use as an ambassador?” Shortly after that, my the banner showed a white miner shaking hands with a mother arranged for Sam Moseneke, the principal of black miner, with a miner’s lamp shining between them one of the big schools in Atteridgeville, to come and to symbolise the light of the world. I had arranged for stay in our house with three of his colleagues. They the banner to be there, and I had insisted that the Welsh said, “Do you know, where we are from, we would not slogan, not the English one, was shown. Nelson Mandela be allowed to stay in your house?” was puzzled by the slogan, “Mewn undeb mae nerth a One of the groups that helped to make a difference heddwch”—in unity there is strength and peace—and was the churches, or at least some people in the churches. he asked about its significance and meaning. Neil Kinnock I pay tribute to Trevor Huddleston, who was a colleague replied, “Youwill understand when I tell you that that is of my tutor, Harry Williams, in the Community of the the banner from the South Wales miners. That is the Resurrection. Having been picked as a novitiate to Abercraf miners’ banner.” Neil said to me, with pride, succeed his predecessor in , he was observed that Nelson Mandela had said, “I do understand.” by a young man, aged about 14, lifting his hat as a mark I will end by telling the House that it has been of respect to that young man’s mother. The young man arranged for that banner to return to the shadow Cabinet was Desmond Tutu, who went on to make his great room. I spoke to the librarian of the South Wales contribution to the movement before the transition to Miners’ Library, Sian Williams, earlier today and she is one person, one vote, and after that to the Truth and happy for it to be returned. I suggest that it should be Reconciliation Commission. Oom Bey, or Beyers Naude, returned on the condition that it stays in the shadow of the Dutch Reformed Church said that people had a Cabinet room in perpetuity, irrespective of who occupies greater duty to God than to man. He refused to backtrack that room, as a salute to Nelson Mandela, his comrades when the Dutch Reformed Church declared that his in the ANC and our comrades in the Anti-Apartheid view of apartheid was wrong. There are others whom Movement who did so much to remove apartheid in I could name. South Africa. We have to understand that a minority of people in this country took an active part in trying to challenge 5.20 pm what appeared to be accepted. This year, there have Sir Peter Bottomley (Worthing West) (Con): The been three deaths, which have not been noted by most House will want to join me in paying tribute to the hon. people, two of former Members of the House of Commons Member for Aberavon (Dr Francis) for his speech. If he and one of a former Member of the House of Lords. will let me say something slightly less serious, I hope The former MPs were Charles Longbottom, who was that the Labour party will go on enjoying that banner the MP for York, and Barney Hayhoe, who was the MP from now until kingdom come. for Isleworth. Both were trustees of the Ariel Foundation, Today’s speeches make up a tapestry. Nelson Mandela together with Maurice Foley and Dennis Grennan, who was one of the first people I knew who argued for a had been a president of the National Union of Students. non-racial South Africa—not a multiracial one, but Some argue that it was funded by tobacco money, a non-racial one. I ask this question as a challenge to us others by the CIA, but what is known for certain is that in this country: when will the colour of my skin be as it funded education in this country for many potential important as, but no more important than, the colour African leaders, from Kenya through to Southern Rhodesia. of my eyes and the colour of my hair? We have not got Such people were prepared to stand against the prevailing that far yet. wisdom. By chance, I was young and in South Africa when the Occasionally, South African ambassadors—I would National party won the 1948 election. I was there at the particularly mention Dawie de Villiers, the rugby player— opening of the Voortrekker monument. I had returned would invite Members of the House of Commons, to this country when Smuts died. including Conservatives, to come and meet visiting I have a memory from 2002, during the Queen’s South African politicians. I remember Ronnie Bell saying, 50th anniversary on the throne, of going to the chapel I think unwisely—maybe it was a joke—that South at St James’s palace, where the tree with 54 leaves Africa should not extend the franchise as it had not representing the Commonwealth members was unveiled. proved to be a very good idea in this country. There, we saw the sight of Margaret Thatcher two What was more important was the ability to explain places away from Nelson Mandela. It was one of those to some of the more verkrampte members of South things that brings life in a full circle. Africa’s political elite that they could not pretend that 43 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 44

[Sir Peter Bottomley] Secretary were invited. The next day, Neil and I organised a private lunch for Nelson Mandela and his wife and they were protecting southern Africa from communism. friends. Every person in Africa knew that communism meant Not long before that, during the first session of Prime that people could live only where the authorities said Minister’s Question Time after Mandela’s release from they could live, that they could take only the jobs that prison—he was released on a Sunday, and in those days the authorities said that they could take and that they we had Prime Minister’s questions on Tuesdays—my did not have an effective vote. Why would any African, right hon. Friend the Member for Lewisham, Deptford especially a black African, want to go communist? One (Dame Joan Ruddock) rose and started her question answer, I suppose, is that the communists in South with the words, to Margaret Thatcher, Africa were one of the groups that were fighting with Nelson Mandela to try to overturn the apartheid system. “If the Prime Minister had just spent 27 years in prison”.—[Official Report, 13 February 1990; Vol. 167, c. 140.] The third person I want to mention who died this year was a man called Robin Plunket, the 8th baron I was sitting on the Front Bench, and I murmured to Plunket. He followed David Stirling, who created the Roy Hattersley, “As she should.”The microphones caught Special Air Service in 1941 and the Capricorn Africa my remark, and the entire House heard it. On the Society in 1949. Robin Plunket, with his wife Jennifer, Conservative side, not surprisingly, there was extremely went on to support the society from this country before loud outrage. On our side, there were the best cheers I going out to Southern Rhodesia in, I think, 1957. For think I have ever had in the House of Commons. 50 years he developed employment in timber growing, At the lunch in Stockholm, when we were being milling and the like. His advice was important for many introduced to our guests, Oliver Tambo’s wife came up of our diplomats and Ministers. Such quiet people helped to me and said, “You are the man who said that to establish a basis of trust that I hope will continue. Margaret Thatcher should be in prison for 27 years.” At The last point that I want to make about Nelson the end of the room was Winnie Mandela, and when Mandela—leaving aside the anecdotes about how lucky Winnie heard that, she rushed over to me, hugged me, we were to meet him, rather than the other way around—is and said, “You are the man! You are the man!” As a about democracy within the ANC. When Mandela’s result of that, Nelson Mandela very kindly gave me the successor was voted out of the party leadership by a following inscription: democratic vote of the party, the person who succeeded “To Gorton Labour Party, with our comradely compliments him then waited until the presidential election to become and best wishes, Nelson Mandela”. President. As far as I know, the ANC is probably the Apart from all his other virtues, he had the most beautiful only African political party in which that would happen. handwriting. Added to that inscription was: In a way, that type of democracy should be better known and more often copied. “Thank you for your solidarity. On Europe’s responsibility, the tragedy for Africa, if Much love our longest-standing ally does not mind me saying so, Winnie Mandela”. is that if the Portuguese had let go of their colonies That remained on the wall of Gorton Labour club for in the 1960s, the French, Belgians and British might many years, until Winnie became renowned not so have done better. Countries from central Africa down much for hugging as for putting burning tyres around to South Africa might not all have been western-style the necks of her opponents, and it was taken down. It is democracies, but they would have been much more on the wall in my house now. western-leaning and much more tolerant of people in their own midst, and economic development would At the lunch, Neil Kinnock asked Nelson Mandela have been greater. about the visit to South Africa by a rebel English cricket team. There was a sporting and an entertainment boycott I almost started by mentioning Trevor Huddleston, of South Africa at the time, but a group of very well-known and I end with his “Prayer for Africa”: English cricketers went there to play. Neil asked Nelson “God Bless Africa; Mandela, “What do you think of the English cricketers Guard her children; who are in South Africa now?” Nelson Mandela said, “I Guide her leaders admire them.” Neil said, “What? You admire them? And give her peace.” Why? How can you?” Nelson Mandela said, “Because they are very brave. They knew before they came that 5.28 pm there would be demonstrations outside the cricket grounds Sir Gerald Kaufman (, Gorton) (Lab): For because they were there and breaking the boycott, and an exhibition that it was planning to mount, the National they came all the same.” Portrait Gallery asked me to nominate the three greatest Somewhat later, when I was lunching with Nelson figures of the 20th century and the reasons why. I Mandela, I asked him—among a number of other nominated Winston Churchill for saving this country in things—what he had learnt in prison. He said that one the second world war, Mikhail Gorbachev for ending of the things that had kept him going had been reading the cold war and Nelson Mandela for being Nelson the memoirs of Menachem Begin, who started out as a Mandela. terrorist—which Mandela did not—but became Prime The first time I met Nelson Mandela was when he Minister of Israel and made peace with Egypt. He was visited Sweden after he had been released from prison. the last Prime Minister of Israel to make peace with He said that Sweden was the country that had done anyone. I asked, “What did you learn from Menachem most to help him be released, so he visited it first. It Begin’s memoirs?” He said, “Menachem Begin was in gave a grand state dinner, to which Neil Kinnock, as prison for a long time, and his book said that the most leader of the Labour party, and I as shadow Foreign important thing to do if you were in prison was to 45 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 46 sustain your values.” I do not think that Nelson Mandela looks on the faces of those privileged young cricketers needed to be taught that lesson, but—as has been said from one of South Africa’s elite public schools—confusion, so widely in the House this afternoon—he certainly did anger, resentment and a little shame. It was a heady sustain his values. He never, never, never took revenge taste for me of what politics can do. of any kind. That was not because he was a softie. He Three years later I graduated from university and was a tough man—you cannot get through 27 years in saw, as we all did, his release in 1990, and was struck, prison without being a tough man. But what he knew after a lifetime behind bars, by the quiet dignity of his was that you can solve a huge political problem by freedom, not determined for revenge, but eager for being generous, forthcoming and reconciling, and that reconciliation. I also watched, rather sadly, as the party is what he did. of which I am now proud to be a member found itself When I was shadow , I visited South on the wrong side of that history and unable fully to Africa, then under apartheid, as a guest of the South grasp the scale of the yearning for new freedoms that African Council of Churches. I met Africans and I followed the cold war certainties that had so shaped visited the townships, and I was followed wherever it—a misjudgment that I am pleased the now Prime I went by the South African secret police. At a lunch in Minister went out of his way to correct on becoming Durban with leading people, including Mbeki, I said, “I leader. hope you’re not going to pick up the worst of the The next year I went to see South Africa for myself, apartheid regime, and that you will be better than the hitch-hiking from Kenya to Cape Town, a 5,000-mile apartheid regime ever could be when you, as you will, trip on which I was lucky enough to see that great eventually achieve power in South Africa. In particular, continent in all its beauty, simplicity—then, poverty—and I hope that you will not keep the death penalty, and that to see, in many impromptu games of football with you will have liberal judicial policies.” Under Mandela, groups of young African children, the love of sport, they did that, and it is hugely to the credit of Mandela which Mandela was later to harness to such extraordinary and the ANC. effect. Too many other countries that have gained their When I arrived in Cape Town I was lucky enough to freedom have never the less imposed penalties of the meet the grandson of a former Prime Minister of South worst kind on their opponents. They were not saints who Africa, the young Bool Smuts. I had the extraordinary took over in South Africa, but they were good, sensible experience of being taken back to the Smuts family politicians, who knew that the best way of winning is by homestead in the Drakensberg mountains, standing reconciling. That came so much from Mandela. His with Bool and seeing the homestead and Voortrekker autobiography, “The Long Walk to Freedom”—I reviewed Bible, and visiting with his brothers the local Afrikaans it and was proud to have my name on the dust cover—was rugby club, where I entered into what can only be written by him, not ghosted, and his personality comes described as ambitious banter, as a young Englishmen, out from every page. It said that people should be with those from a culture that I did not understand. I realistic and sensible in their politics and, at the same remember well the intensity—nay, the ferocity—of their time, be forgiving and reconciliatory. We shall not see belief in their way of life, and I remember reflecting his like again. later that if only the vastly more numerous Anglo or English South African white population had had the 5.38 pm similar moral intensity to speak for their own convictions, George Freeman (Mid Norfolk) (Con): I am grateful the drama that was the late collapse of South African for the opportunity to speak today and to follow some apartheid might have been avoided. extraordinarily powerful tributes from across the House. I remember very clearly my last three lifts one day on Like many of my generation, it is no exaggeration for my way out of South Africa as they seemed to capture me to say that my political consciousness was framed the story of that land: a priest, rather early in the against the backdrop of the fight against apartheid and morning and rather the worse for wear, taking Bibles up the collapse of the cold war and the structures that it to Zambia; a young black business man in a suit and tie propped up. For the previous generation, it was perhaps wanting peace and prosperity for his family and to build the second world war and for some the civil rights a career, representing the force of an aspirational, moderate struggle in the 1960s. But for me and many others in the black progressive middle-class that is today having such Chamber, our political consciousnesses were awakened an effect across sub-Saharan Africa; and, my last and by the struggle to free Mandela and the tsunami of most shocking lift, a fully paid-up member of the AWB, freedom from an age of cold war repression for which it a farmer in a pick-up truck, who at the end of our served as a trumpet call around the globe. two-hour journey lifted the bench-chair of his pick-up I do not want in any way to claim or suggest that I and showed me the guns with which he promised he was a leading light on the barricades of the 1980s—far would fight for what he saw as his freedom, saying, from it—but I remember my first mini campaign in “Boy, when they come for me, they’ll take me out school. Like generations of morally indignant sixth-formers dead.” before me, I was smarting against all forms of lazy I left a country on the brink of civil war, with cities privilege, and I remember blasting out “Free Nelson poised to convulse in violence, and it was evident to me Mandela” at the South African cricket team visiting my then that the triumph of Mandela was the stuff not of school from some speakers that I had erected on the Hollywood and red carpet leadership, as it can sometimes clock tower for that purpose. My teachers did not share seem in retrospect, but of the brutal realities of township my enthusiasm, but I was glad to have done a little for politics, because Mandela was, above all, a politician, the cause. It seemed to me that sports sanctions would answering the ultimate test of leadership: how to heal be a way to put pressure on the regime without harming a broken nation, how to avoid civil war, how to unite a the most vulnerable in that country. I remember well the deeply divided set of peoples. 47 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 48

[George Freeman] 1980s we did not pick up Molotov cocktails and cause chaos on our own streets—we chose another path. He I saw during my visit that South Africa did not just was that role model: as an articulate lawyer; as a freedom require symbolism, however valuable that was; it also fighter; as a prisoner—it is important to land on that needed statesmanship, and few other than Mandela period in prison, because none of us knew what he could have fulfilled what history demanded of him at looked like and he was just that image of a boxer that that time. Who can forget the sight of him dressed in we had to hold on to; as a man who walks out of prison that Springbok rugby top cheering the South African so many years later, with grey hair and his wife; as a rugby world cup success, healing a nation and resetting politician; as a leader; and as an elder statesman. Like it towards the path of a better future? Having seen for so many others becoming aware of our own context, I myself the intensity of the association between the Boer could have felt very small in that context, in the face of culture, rugby and apartheid, it was a stunning act of poverty and sometimes discrimination, but he and so generous reconciliation. For me it marked a personal many others helped me to feel very large and very big. end-point, from demonstrating at the departing all-white I am truly grateful to have been born and raised in, schoolboy cricket team, to visiting the Afrikaans rugby and to represent a seat in, the London borough of club, to watching him clad in green that day, I could see Haringey. Haringey was one of the centres in London the power of reconciliation work its magic through the of the Anti-Apartheid Movement. We are very proud of medium of sport. Rugby, once a symbol of division, a house on Windermere road—the house of Oliver was now a symbol of unity, an iconic image for South Tambo and the house where Mbeki came and stayed. It Africa, for sport and for the world. And we can all is a house now owned by the South African Government, remember his historic decision to stand down from the because it is so important to them. It was an enclave for presidency after one term, a single action which spoke many who surreptitiously campaigned, found money more than any words. and supported what was originally an underground In an age of disillusionment with politics, when voters movement that was moving to be an overground movement. in this country and elsewhere all too often unite in It would be remiss of me if I did not pay tribute to my distrust of the political process, Mandela stands out as predecessor, Bernie Grant, who endlessly, and unpopularly a shining example to us all of what we can aspire to: a at the time, campaigned consistently, first as a local politics not of tit-for-tat, back-stabbing, plotting and councillor in Haringey, then as the leader of Haringey skulduggery, but of statesmanship, empathy, hope and council and then in this place, for Nelson Mandela’s vision, and most of all a statesmanship and politics freedom. He was hugely proud to be with Jesse Jackson founded on the quality Aristotle called “ethos”, which in 1990 when Mandela walked out of prison. is what we define as character, and in him was a duty to people, place and country before party. I am also grateful to Mike Terry, who led the Anti- Apartheid Movement from the London borough of Few figures light up an age as Mandela did. His Haringey—he was a teacher at Alexandra Park secondary courage, his courtesy and his character must remind us school at the time—and to many others in this Chamber. of what politics can achieve. Let us, as parliamentarians, As teenagers, we would all have been aware of the work all be inspired by his example. of my right hon. Friends the Members for Neath (Mr Hain), for Holborn and St Pancras (Frank Dobson) and of 5.44 pm Richard Caborn, the former Member for Sheffield Central, Mr (Tottenham) (Lab): I am sure all all of whom pushed the cause on behalf of many hon. Members will understand the emotion of an eight- others. year-old or nine-year-old child growing up in what feels This is not a time for rancour. It is hugely important like a very local or parochial context, be it in a village, a to be inspired by the manner in which Nelson Mandela town, a hamlet or a street in a constituency such as conducted himself. A word that has often been lost in mine. Having listened to this afternoon’s debate, I want the context of these times is “solidarity”. Who will to begin by reflecting on young people during the stand with me even though they are different from me? late-1960s, 1970s and 1980s growing up in places such I joined the Anti-Apartheid Movement long before I as Tottenham, Brixton, Handsworth in , joined the Labour party. I joined it to stand with others Chapeltown in Leeds and St Paul’s in . It is who looked like me, but who were experiencing the sometimes dislocating when you arrive in a country and most pernicious discrimination and nastiness across the you are the child of immigrants. Thinking back to the world. I proudly boycotted Barclays bank, Cape apples, 1970s and 1980s, I hope that all hon. Members will avocados and a whole stream of other things to join in recognise the difficulty felt by many young people, that solidarity. I was incensed when Mike Gatting took particularly young boys from West Indian backgrounds, a team to South Africa to play cricket because of the the challenges we were having with the police and the brutality that I saw in front of my eyes. huge challenges that this country was having with throwing We have arrived now at a different place, and that is up role models we could land on and aspire to—we still why, for me, Nelson Mandela is the seminal figure of have that debate in this House today. the 20th century. If the story of the 20th century can be As one of those young people, who was also growing summed up in one word, that word must be “freedom”. up in the context of not having a father in my house— I am talking about the freedom for people to be who broken, to some extent, by two successive recessions they want to be in their own lifetime. We take it for and some of the discrimination of that age, he left us granted that in that century, women could not be who when I was 12—I am truly grateful for the role model they wanted to be and working people could not always that was Nelson Mandela. For me and so many like me, be who they wanted to be, whatever the colour of their he provided a tremendous dignity and courage, which skin. The same goes for black people and people of perhaps was the reason why during the very difficult colour. More recently, we have faced those battles on 49 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 50 behalf of gay men and women. That is the legacy of fellow countrymen. We hope that that will be repeated Nelson Mandela. Perhaps he has that legacy because, again and again from generation to generation because unlike Martin Luther King, Gandhi and, before them, there is such a long way to go in South Africa to sustain Abraham Lincoln, he was not shot and killed. Yes, he the turnaround that Nelson Mandela achieved. was in prison for 27 years, but I think that Members will I was back in South Africa a few months ago, as chair recognise that in making it to 95, he was free for more of the whole CPA, for the CPA’s 59th conference, which years than some of us will be on this planet. That is a was hosted by the South African Parliament. It is a great thing. He was a great man whom we will remember strong, democratic Parliament, and one of the leading and whom history will remember. players in the Commonwealth constellation. I thought When we think of Mandela, it is also important that how far we had come from what I had first seen in 1962. we do not forget those other young men and women The strong parliamentary traditions that are being observed from countries such as India, Nigeria, Guyana, where in South Africa—they are probably not perfect, but we my parents are from, Jamaica and so many other places do not think our systems are entirely perfect—are the who were fighting against a colonial power that effectively proper bases of parliamentary democracy. Again, that took the view that a small minority can govern a is down to the inspiration of Nelson Mandela. I hope majority. It may not have been as pernicious and nasty that that will be repeated again and again and will as what we saw on our screens in the 1970s and 1980s, inspire generations of South Africans to respect the but sometimes it was. Mandela sits with those other parliamentary institutions, which, if properly applied, figures such as Nyerere, Kenyatta and others who fought can lead to the fulfilment of the wishes of the ordinary for liberation. That is why he meant so much in my people of South Africa. small house in Tottenham. To my mind, Nelson Mandela is one of the most amazing men who have trod the planet. So many evil 5.54 pm people in history have been seen as giants, ogres or Sir Alan Haselhurst (Saffron Walden) (Con): I beg whatever, mainly because they have been bad men. It is the indulgence of the House, as I have not been able to to be hoped that this very good man will be remembered be present for the entirety of the proceedings. As chair for ever, that his shadow will be cast forward and that of the United Kingdom branch of the Commonwealth everyone in the future, particularly in South Africa but Parliamentary Association, I should like to put some on a wider basis too, will bathe in that shadow and words on the record. realise what it is that makes a good politician, makes a I will not claim the eloquence of some of the speeches statesman and makes a humanitarian of the highest that have been made in the House today. I cannot claim order. the intimacy of knowledge and companionship with the Mr Speaker: I am extremely grateful to the right hon. late Nelson Mandela, which many in this House have Gentleman. been able to explain, nor can I boast that I have been at all times as resolute and as staunch an opponent 6pm of apartheid as many colleagues present in the House Mr Kevin Barron (Rother Valley) (Lab): I do not wish today. to detain the House long, but I thought I ought to say a I first went to South Africa, particularly Cape Town few words. and Johannesburg, on company business in my first job In the 1960s, I, like many young men, saw the events in 1962. If I had not been aware, as an embryo politician, in South Africa on television and in newspapers now of the wickedness of the apartheid system, it was really and again and felt, as most people did, that that country brought home to me then. I saw the evil and rottenness was split on racial lines—indeed, other countries were of it all, and was able to speak thereafter with more split on racial lines as well. passion about those matters. I did not really understand what was happening in Ten years later, in 1972, I was with a CPA delegation South Africa until in 1975 I left my small mining that was moving through South Africa from St Helena community and went to Ruskin college in Oxford. The to a conference in Malawi. There had been the so-called college had a Kitson committee, named after David easing of restrictions, which seemed to do no more than Kitson, who was one of the prisoners in South Africa at underline the hypocrisy of the whole system. I did not the time. He had been born in South Africa and had return again to South Africa until after the miracle that been over here working in industry for a while. He went Nelson Mandela helped to achieve and inspired. to Ruskin on a trade union scholarship and was in For many years, I gloomily thought, as my right jail in South Africa. I went to the first meeting of the hon. and learned Friend the Member for Kensington Kitson committee and ended up being active in it later (Sir Malcolm Rifkind) said, that the whole thing could on. One of my fellow students told us about her life and only end in bloodshed. It is the most fundamental her journey. She was from South Africa and had come tribute to Nelson Mandela that the force of his personality out of South Africa in the boot of a car. She told us ensured that it did not end in such a way. The whole what apartheid was—it was not just segregation between world, not just those in South Africa, should be grateful white and blacks, but segregation over several areas. She not just for that, but for the signposting of a way said that she fitted into one of what were called the forward out of conflicts, which other countries in the “Cape Coloureds” categories. She also said that she and world still have to learn. her brother were at different schools. They lived with Nelson Mandela took the most remarkable actions. their family in their house, but they were at schools that Compassion, courage and leadership are words that were next to each other and when they used to share will be used over and again. They may be overworked in their sandwiches through the school railings they were this debate, but why should they not be, given what he shouted at by the pupils for mixing with the students in managed to achieve and the inspiration he gave to his the school next door. Her brother was her twin brother. 51 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 52

[Mr Kevin Barron] you, Mr Speaker, and I am sure that the House is too, for interrupting our normal proceedings to pay tribute They had been born within minutes of one another and to the life of an incredible man. He stands head and apartheid had segregated them because that was how shoulders above any other in shaping and influencing the system worked. I could not understand how anybody our modern world. anywhere could do that to anybody and I became active Some might say that Nelson Mandela was destined to in anti-apartheid for many years. I remember Mike lead. First, coming from a family with heritage and Terry very well and Charlotte street, as we used to go up influence, he was politically motivated from an early there quite a lot, and I was active in the trade union age, studying law, opening the first black law firm in movement, too. Her name was Rita Taberner, and she South Africa and focusing on human rights. That said something that has stayed with me all my life: how background, coupled with his unique style of leadership, could politicians and Governments do such things to convinced his peer group that he was worth supporting their own people? It is extraordinary that that could in the fight against apartheid. He displayed a rare happen. combination of determination, humility and integrity, I have two other reflections, and the first is about willing to engage with the hotel porter he met in passing when Mandela came out of prison. It was a Sunday—I with the same energy and enthusiasm as with the VIP remember it well. I had just left the Leader of the guest he had arranged to meet. To put it simply, he had Opposition’s office, but I phoned him up and he was enormous personal presence, not just because of his watching it, too. We could not believe what we were rank or appointment but because of his infectious seeing. It was a bit like the Berlin wall. I never thought smile, his provoking message and his tenacity and endurance I would ever see the Berlin wall come down or that in thinking that good would triumph in the end. apartheid would end. Those were the two things in my politics of the ’60s and ’70s that I thought were there for His political activities saw him tried and imprisoned life, and to see that happening was extraordinary. Of for 27 years. Who would have thought that just four course, that was no easy journey for Nelson Mandela. years after his release apartheid would be over and He was dealing with the tensions in the ANC between Nelson Mandela would be President? As many others where he wanted to go and where other members of the have, I visited Robben Island off Cape Town and peered ANC wanted to go. Some did not think that that was through the bars of Nelson Mandela’s cell. It is very the way forward; I understand that peace and reconciliation hard to imagine anyone emerging from such an experience was his brainchild and that he had to fight hard for it to without feeling embittered towards their captors, so it work. Many of us thought that it would end up in a was with some apprehension that South Africa, and the bloodbath South Africa—after my experience of 1975, world, waited to see what Nelson Mandela would do I would not have been at all surprised if that had been with his power as President and where the country the case. That was the level of the man and the people would go. He continued, after all, to have strong ties around him who wanted to go that way for South with Russia and the South African Communist party. Africa and its people. Such was his popularity that he had almost a free mandate to take South Africa in any direction he chose. My other memory is from when Mandela spoke in Westminster Hall. One of your predecessors, Mr Speaker, I recall Nelson Mandela’s release from prison. I was Baroness Boothroyd—who is in the other place now— president of Loughborough student union at the time walked down the steps with him. She remembered that and I must confess that that was an academic establishment she had been part of the British movement that was as yet unknown as a cauldron of simmering who used to stand outside South Africa house wearing political activity. I recall that the hon. Member for black sashes, just as women in South Africa used to Liverpool, West Derby (Stephen Twigg) was the president stand in Pretoria and other places wearing black sashes of the National Union of Students at the time and we to complain against the regime, and she never thought conversed on many occasions. We debated a motion at that she would see such a speech happening. Loughborough students union to change the name of Nelson Mandela was a giant of a man and the world the union building to the “Nelson Mandela building”— has much to learn from what he did. We will have to something that many other universities had already wait to see whether the world is capable of doing that, done. At Loughborough, perhaps unwisely, the motion but I wanted to pay my tribute to somebody who was defeated, because although Nelson Mandela’s cause shaped my politics even though I was thousands of was very much supported, students were not sure where miles away. he would take South Africa, bearing in mind the fact that the ANC still had an extremist wing. It is perhaps 6.5 pm that second significant chapter of his life, evolving from Mr Tobias Ellwood (Bournemouth East) (Con): I a campaigner to a statesman, that distinguishes him cannot compete with some of the moving and absolutely from many others who have liberated their country, amazing stories of personal interaction with Nelson then taken the reins of power. Perhaps the best and Mandela that we have heard today. I met him only once, saddest example is Robert Mugabe, not far away in along with 5,000 other people, in Trafalgar square in Africa, who not only failed to endorse any system of November 2010. His speech was as electrifying as the democracy but continues corrupt practices to retain shirt he was wearing. I knew that I was in the presence power, as well as encouraging racial division and, indeed, of an exceptional human being and I am simply one of hatred of Britain, the former colonial power. the millions who was moved and encouraged by his Nelson Mandela’s ability to face down hardliners in story of fortitude as he attempted to change the world his own party and convince a sceptical white community around him—and succeeded in that attempt—which we helped South Africa to re-engage with the world community. have heard expressed so passionately by the right hon. In government, he proved to be pragmatic and even-handed, Member for Tottenham (Mr Lammy). I am grateful to taking time to look at and, indeed, learn from a number 53 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 54 of models of government, and working with de Klerk, opposition to the Vietnam war, it occupied me and who had his own task of winning over people with many others in a Welsh university known as a hotbed of extremist views if civil war was to be avoided. How Welsh nationalism. However, we had outside interests, different things might be, for example, had Mandela not and those were two of them. Yes, I am proud that there supported the freedom of the press or an independent is a Mandela building at Aberystwyth university. judiciary. Establishing the Truth and Reconciliation There have been many fine tributes today. It is not my Commission was a stroke of genius—a concept that has job to go through them, but they are all heartfelt and been copied, but not used as successfully, in countries sincere. Something that occurs when someone of the attempting to heal the wounds of division. stature of the late President Mandela passes away is a Most astonishingly, as has been said by hon. Members, scramble for superlatives. Sometimes that is tiresome, Mandela stood for only one term—perhaps a lesson for because superlatives do not always fit. In this case, the us all in recognising our sell-by date. Interestingly, such superlatives all fit, because his life was beyond comparison was his ability to reach across divides, even in death his so, by definition, superlatives apply. I believe, like many work continues. Attending the memorial service alongside people in the Chamber and throughout Britain, Europe obvious leaders such as the Prime Minister and President and the world, that he was the greatest statesman of the Obama will be President Castro of Cuba and the new last century. To spend 27 years in prison, many of them Iranian President Rouhani. Who knows what diplomatic in solitary confinement, with no contact with the outside developments might result from an imaginative seating world, and on release not to have any rancour, still less plan? hatred or vengeance, is truly remarkable. Like the right There are difficult questions for the ANC now that it hon. Members for Holborn and St Pancras (Frank has lost its iconic figurehead, and it must ensure that Dobson) and for Rother Valley (Mr Barron), I was in South Africa’s multiracial free-market democracy can the audience in 1996 when the President addressed both flourish. Those are questions, however, for another day, Houses of Parliament in Westminster Hall. He made a and Britain’s involvement in that is for another day too. memorable and moving speech, typically fitting for the Today and this week are about saying goodbye to a man occasion, honest and completely down to earth. In who survived and defeated apartheid, and united a many ways, he showed humility and strength of character country.Sadly—and this applies only to a minority—some beyond reproach, and I will always remember that day. people have questioned why in this country so much We gather today to thank Nelson Mandela for the attention has been given to Nelson Mandela’s death. A many sacrifices that he endured, for showing the way to small but arguably growing slice of our society takes for reconciliation and peace, against massive and seemingly granted the leadership and sacrifices that he and others insurmountable odds. It has been said, and I believe it closer to home have made. I pondered that very point to be right—I referred to the use of superlatives—that this weekend, as on television tributes to Nelson Mandela he was a colossus of history. I believe that he will contrasted with reality TV shows on which household continue to inspire millions of people for many years to names are engineered. come, and rightly so. There have been many quotations That raises awkward questions for us in the House, as today from many wonderful speeches that he made some members of the younger generation know more down the years. May I remind the Chamber that he also about James Arthur, perhaps not the best role model, said that there will never be world peace without a than leaders who triumphed over adversity to give us resolution of the Palestinian conflict? Perhaps the greatest the very freedoms that we could be in danger of taking tribute that we can pay him is to redouble our efforts to for granted. Thankfully, many people of our generation achieve that in his glorious memory. have been inspired by Nelson Mandela and others to recognise how their own high profile can be used to 6.18 pm shape a better world. AIDS awareness is a clear example Richard Ottaway (Croydon South) (Con): Like the of that. Rightly, they will take their seat alongside right hon. Member for Dwyfor Meirionnydd (Mr Llwyd), world statesmen at the funeral this week. I am moved to contribute because of my abiding memory I am pleased that the House can pay tribute to of that glorious afternoon in 1996 when Nelson Mandela Nelson Mandela today. We cannot match the wonderful addressed both Houses of Parliament in Westminster poetry, the song and the colour that we have seen on our Hall, and of a tremendous speech by Baroness Boothroyd. screens displayed by the people of South Africa as they If I recall rightly, Barack Obama said that Mandela’s remember the architect of their country. As we consider speech was a very hard act to follow indeed. Nelson Mandela’s legacy I hope that we all recognise, learn and gain inspiration from one individual who If you visit Robben Island, Mr Speaker, and see that became a global symbol of tolerance in standing against tiny cell you realise how Nelson Mandela is—and I injustice, regardless of the odds. mean “is”—a shining beacon to people across the world suffering the humiliation and brutality of repressive regimes. Neither 27 long years in prison nor the shackles 6.14 pm of an unashamedly racist political system prevented Mr Elfyn Llwyd (Dwyfor Meirionnydd) (PC): I regret him from making not just his corner of the world but the fact that I never had the privilege and honour of the whole world a better place. He was a great leader, an meeting Nelson Mandela personally although, as with intuitive politician and one of the outstanding figures everyone else in the Chamber, his life touched my and of modern time. my constituents’ lives very deeply. Owing to the hour, I make just one further point. I knew about the awful phenomenon of apartheid Mandela forgave the unforgivable. His passing will serve when I was at school—we all knew about it vaguely—but to remind us all that fairness, logic, perseverance and it was not until I went to university in 1970 that I became forgiveness can overcome prejudice and the darkest truly aware of the depth of disgust for it. Together with aspects of human nature. As the Chairman of the 55 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 56

[Richard Ottaway] answer. All I could say was that I remember distinctly my mother telling me how evil the Rivonia treason trial Foreign Affairs Committee, I look at tensions in Korea, and the Sharpeville massacre were, and how wrong it Iran, Afghanistan and Syria, and conflicts throughout was that Mandela and all the others went to prison. In Africa. That perseverance and forgiveness is a lesson their suffering they obviously read and learned a great that a troubled world should never forget. deal. In his final unconditional release from prison—it is very important to remember that it was an unconditional 6.20 pm release from prison; he was offered all sorts of get out of jail cards many years beforehand—he displayed such (Islington North) (Lab): It is a privilege amazing magnanimity. to speak in this debate. I will try to be brief because so many brilliant contributions have been made today by I recall that when Mandela came here to Parliament people who fought the good fight to try to rid the world shortly after his release—he was not President of South of the scourge of apartheid. Africa at that time—there were Conservative MPs who wanted the meeting banned. There were people who said I want us to recall the many people who died in South no MP should attend it. There were people who said that Africa fighting against apartheid, from those who were he was a terrorist. There were people who said that discriminated against from 1948 onwards, when the people like him should not be allowed into Parliament, National party won the election, to the massacre at but I remember the very good discussion that was held Sharpeville, the riots in Soweto, the killing of schoolchildren here. My right hon. Friend the Member for Holborn and and the murder of and so many others who St Pancras (Frank Dobson) was there, as were Richard died, often completely ignored and forgotten. We should Caborn, chair of the anti-apartheid group, Bob Hughes, also recall the poverty of the black majority population Tony Benn and many others. We had a truly fascinating in South Africa—a poverty inherited from colonialism, discussion with a very great man who was forming his a poverty arising from work in the mines and so many ideas of how he would lead a post-apartheid, multiracial, other places, a poverty of children going to school rainbow nation of South Africa. where there was no water, no electricity, no books and I want to conclude with some thoughts about the very little else, and unbelievable discrimination in people who were in prison with Mandela and also employment, land ownership and everything else. It was suffered a great deal. My constituency, Islington North, a system of dividing people on racial grounds that the is a place where many people have sought refuge at Nazis would have been proud of. The idea that there various times and have been welcomed. I was very would be some sort of accommodation with apartheid proud that David Kitson, one of those imprisoned with was something that many of us found anathema. Mandela, lived in my constituency for a long time. It was not as though the evil of apartheid extended Denis Goldberg, who was also in prison with Mandela, only to the country of South Africa. It extended to the lived nearby and ran a bookshop for a charity called neighbouring states and greatly influenced the white Community HEART which still exists, collecting books supremacist regime in Rhodesia led by Ian Smith. It to be sent to schools in South Africa. We also housed also included the war in Namibia—, the offices of the British defence and aid fund for as it was then called—and it spread over into the problems victims of apartheid. I was a trustee of that, with the faced by all the front-line states during the apartheid great Ethel de Keyser and others. We were able to fund era because of their wish to impose sanctions on South education for victims of apartheid and do our bit to try Africa. It also spread over into . The war in to help the next generation of African leaders who had Angola was one of the turning points in the defeat of been born in the front-line states in exile camps to get apartheid. Let us remember that it was the South African some kind of university education. Many people did defence forces that went to the aid of another minority incredible work in that regard. regime in Angola, and they were finally defeated in the My local authority, Islington borough council, declared battle of Cuito Cuanavale in 1988. Those were the itself an apartheid-free zone. This was not universally significant changes that brought about a political reckoning welcomed by the Evening Standard, the Conservative in South Africa. Government or many others. In saying that, I look at Those around the world who would recognise only my right hon. Friend the Member for Leeds Central the ANC and would not recognise the Government of (Hilary Benn). Many of us who were involved in local South Africa are the ones we should also remember government or as Members of Parliament during the today—those people all around the world who took 1970 and 1980s did our bit. Okay, it might be said that it part in meetings, marches and demonstrations, and is gesture politics to name a street Mandela street or to many Governments who bravely stood against the apartheid name your student union building the Nelson Mandela regime when it was in their economic interests to go in building, but in that act you are showing which side you absolutely the opposite direction. There are therefore are on in the battle against apartheid. When we were some very strong lessons for all of us to learn during being condemned by the media at that time, I always our remembrance of Nelson Mandela. thought, “Suffer the little children to come unto me, for The personality of Mandela was an extraordinary they know not what they do.” Now they are all agreeing one. I was asked a question when I was visiting Holloway with us, as unfortunately they were unable to do at that school last Friday morning and went into a history time. Many of those who stood up then were in advance lesson. There was a discussion about the civil rights of others. movement in the USA, the anti-apartheid movement in We also housed in my borough the offices of the Britain and of course the anti-apartheid movement in African National Congress at Penton street. That building South Africa. The students asked me whether Mandela was under the most massive surveillance from the would have been a better or worse president if he had Metropolitan police, the South African secret service never gone to prison. It is an impossible question to and every other secret service one could imagine. Indeed, 57 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 58 the Anti-Apartheid Movement was infiltrated. The ANC wants to speak to have the chance to do so, but as things offices were infiltrated. There were some ghastly goings-on stand the Chair was anticipating the Front Bench in London via the long reach of the South African winding-up speeches starting a little after half-past 9. secret service. Also under surveillance and questioning That might serve to concentrate the minds of colleagues, were the offices of the South West Africa People’s who I know will be considerate to each other. I do not Organisation, SWAPO, which had its offices in Gillespie want to impose a formal time limit, because I think that road in my constituency. this is an occasion when self-restraint is a better guide, A number of parliamentary colleagues of mine, including on which theme I look in the direction of the hon. the late great Tony Banks and Stuart Holland, a former Member for Cheltenham (Martin Horwood). Member, and I were arrested outside South Africa 6.31 pm house. It was one of those strange moments when you are arrested by the police and you say, “On what charge Martin Horwood (Cheltenham) (LD): I hesitate to am I arrested?”, assuming that one is going be told that rise and echo the tributes of so many eloquent speakers. one is creating an obstruction or some such charge. The I think that the one contribution Mandela made that police said no, it was under the Diplomatic Immunities has not yet been mentioned was his founding, in retirement, Act, for behaviour that was offensive to a foreign diplomatic of the global group The Elders, along with his wife mission. The police officer asked me, “What do you Graça Machel, Jimmy Carter, Mary Robinson, Kofi plead? Why have you come here?”. I said, “I’ve come Annan and others, at a time when surely he had earned here to be as offensive as possible to the South African the right to put his feet up and spend more time with his apartheid regime, but I offer no plea, so you will have to family. He was a truly extraordinary man. offer a plea of not guilty on my part.” The cases all went I am also slightly daunted, because I think that this is to court and we were all exonerated on the grounds of the first time in a parliamentary debate that I have our moral outrage at apartheid and all given compensation, followed three leaders of my party. Honourable mention and all that compensation was given to the ANC and should also be made of one of their predecessors in the Anti-Apartheid Movement. Some things do come particular, David Steel, who was president of the Anti- full circle in the end. Apartheid Movement before becoming leader of the Finally, in thanking so many people for all their work Liberal party. I am not sure whether he would ever in the Anti-Apartheid Movement I must mention my admit to having been inspired by the example of the friend the late great Bernie Grant, who went to South right hon. Member for Neath (Mr Hain) when he was in Africa to witness the release of Nelson Mandela. When the National League of Young Liberals—it is a shame he returned, Margaret Thatcher invited him to Downing that he is no longer in his place, because I mean this as a street to discuss what he thought about it all—it must compliment—but the flame that burnt brightly in the have been a pretty surreal moment for both of them. movement in his era was still pretty bright a generation I hope that a record of the meeting was kept, but I later, when I was very proud, as chair of the Union of imagine that its release is subject to the 100-year rule, or Liberal Students, to invite Donald Woods to be that perhaps a million-year rule. I can well imagine what year’s keynote conference speaker. Bernie would have said, but I am not sure about the Donald Woods was an anti-apartheid activist and a leaderene. banned journalist who helped, along with Helen Zille of There are lessons to be learned from all that, so I will the Rand Daily Mail, to expose to the world the murder conclude with the following thoughts. After his release, of Steve Biko, which of course denied South Africa Mandela of course became President of South Africa another potential great leader. That is a salutary lesson and did enormous and wonderful work, but poverty has about how many people lost their lives in the struggle not been conquered there. There are still children who and how, when Mandela said at the Rivonia trial that need better schools and people who need homes, electricity his ideals were ones for which he was prepared to die, and water, as Denis Goldberg reminded us at a Community that was no rhetoric, because he faced the imminent HEART fundraiser. But Mandela also had things to say possibility of the death sentence. How different history about other issues around the world. He was deeply might have been if that had been the outcome. concerned about the plight of the Palestinian people It was one thing to be a liberal and an opponent of and sent them messages of support, not because he apartheid in this country, but it was quite another to be wanted the conflict to continue but because he wanted that in South Africa. and the Liberal Party it to end. of South Africa were increasingly militant opponents Another of Mandela’s great legacies was to say, as of apartheid there. It was a Liberal party activist, Eddie President, that he did not wish to preside over a Government Daniels, who was the first person Helen Suzman met on who had nuclear weapons or weapons of mass destruction. her first visit to Robben Island. He famously told her, He took South Africa out of the nuclear equation, thus “Don’t waste time talking to us. Go and talk to Mandela enabling Africa to become a nuclear weapons-free continent. at the end of the row. He’s our leader.” It was an early There are many lessons we can learn from that. In indication of the extraordinary way in which Mandela Nelson’s memory, let us change things a bit here. That reached out to people beyond his own natural constituency will make for a better, safer and more peaceful world. and to those from different political backgrounds and traditions in South Africa. Daniels was sentenced to Several hon. Members rose— 15 years at Robben Island for violent sabotage, and he served every day of it because he refused to renounce Mr Speaker: Order. We have already heard some the armed struggle. Sometimes we have to be prepared magnificent tributes of great power and passion. It to fight for freedom. might be helpful to the House if I tell colleagues that The Liberal Party of South Africa faced being banned approximately 40 right hon. and hon. Member are still in 1968 for the appalling crime of having party members seeking to catch my eye. I am keen for everyone who who were from different races. It chose to disband, 59 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 60

[Martin Horwood] led my family to emigrate, to swap our Glasgow housing estate for the sunshine of Cape Town. The truth is that I rather than accept that outcome. For decades it looked had not properly prepared, or been properly prepared, as though moderate voices were likely to be drowned out for what would confront me in the shape of apartheid. in South Africa. We had the likes of Eugene Terreblanche Back then, to the extent that Nelson Mandela could be on the extreme right and some extreme voices on the said to have mainland neighbours, I was one of them, other side making it look as though the only possible because my family lived in what was probably the third outcome was a bloodbath. It is an extraordinary testament closest building to Robben Island. to Nelson Mandela and the others who led the ANC I remember the little things that would give me and and other political parties at the time that they managed others a sense of the bigger picture of apartheid. In the to achieve a peaceful transition not only to a multiracial first week after we arrived, our family tried to form a South Africa, but to a multi-party democracy. friendship with the taxi driver who picked us up from A few weeks ago I was honoured to meet three inspiring Jan Smuts airport and his family. We suggested what young people—I would like to read their names into was natural in a city surrounded by two oceans: a game the record, because they represent the future of South of football on the beach. But for all the dramatic sandy Africa—Mondli Zondo, Lidia Rauch and Rishigen beaches along the city’s two coastlines, we ended up on Virenna. They are members of the young leaders a dangerous, rocky, uneven pebble beach—all because, programme of the Democratic Alliance, the party now of course, the family with whom we were trying to forge led by the former Rand Daily Mail journalist Helen a friendship were designated Cape coloureds. Apartheid Zille. They are too young to remember watching Mandela granted to the black majority only the minority of walking free from prison or that extraordinary moment—I beaches that were deemed too dangerous for white remember being glued to the television—when he stood people to swim off. to be sworn in as President, listening not only to “Nkosi As I stood on those mornings at my whites-only bus Sikelel’ iAfrika” but to “Die Stem”. What a picture of stop in my whites-only housing area to travel to a reconciliation that was. I remember fighting back tears whites-only school, I could see Robben Island each and while watching it. Those three young people were certainly every day. Of course, Nelson Mandela was banned; too young to have bought The Special A.K.A.’s “Free people could not utter his name and it was a criminal Nelson Mandela” the first time around. I showed my offence to carry his picture. But there it was—his island age by telling them about it. prison, in full and clear view in Table bay for the city In the 1960s, those three young people would have and the whole world to see and to know what was been called a black, a white and an Indian. It is thanks going on. to Nelson Mandela and the struggle he led that today Occasionally we would see the violence ourselves they are simply called South Africans. It is thanks to in the city streets, and the protests and the actions of Nelson Mandela and the struggle he led that they are the authorities, but we would never hear about it on the free to post pictures of themselves embracing each South African Broadcasting Corporation’s TV or radio other on Facebook regardless of race. They are free to news; we would need to listen to the BBC World Service take up political causes. They are free, if they so choose, on a small wireless in our house before we knew what to oppose the ANC Government. I hope that young was actually happening almost on our own doorstep. I people like them and the new generation of South was entitled to South African citizenship but I did not Africans remember, and that we never forget, that it was take it up, nor did I serve in the South African army. I Nelson Mandela and the others who led that struggle left the country, and left my family there, when South who helped to make that possible. Thanks to Nelson Africa invited me, as it did every white teenage boy at Mandela and those who supported him in the struggle, the age of 17, to be conscripted into the apartheid army. those young people today are simply free. Ours was an ANC-supporting family. There are lovely Several hon. Members rose— pictures of my mother and the rest of the family standing in the long queue on election day with their ANC flags, Mr Deputy Speaker (Mr Lindsay Hoyle): Order. I in what was meant to be a secret ballot. It was not as know that Mr Speaker mentioned the number of Members though the ANC had not on occasion tested our family’s who wish to speak. We will not impose a time limit, but patience or loyalty, including way back in 1982 when it I suggest that Members should limit their speeches to blew up the power station that my father had gone to five minutes, because I do not want to see anyone build when we went there as immigrants. miss out. Chris Ruane (Vale of Clwyd) (Lab): More work! 6.37 pm Mr (East Renfrewshire) (Lab): This is Mr Murphy: Okay—more work. one of those occasions when everyone starts by saying Of course, Umkhonto we Sizwe took care to make that they are speaking on behalf of their constituents. It sure that it happened on a Saturday when no one was is something we often claim, but it is undoubtedly true working on the building site, and no one was injured. on both sides of the House today. Many Members have What was striking was the demonisation of Nelson begun their remarks by suggesting that everything has Mandela, which was every bit as passionate as today’s already been said, but each and every Member has speeches in this House in praise of him. We were told he found something genuinely new to share with the House. was the reason there could not be a democracy, because I hope that I can follow in that sprit. he would take charge and turn the country to bloodshed. I remember the first day I arrived in South Africa. I To understand Mandela’s achievement, we have fully to was 12 years old and had rarely been outside Glasgow, grasp the enormity of the fear that the white minority let alone travelled abroad. Unemployment at home had were encouraged to feel. 61 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 62

The state was structured to sustain apartheid in every photograph with him, because I had the sense, looking possible way. Among many things, I was taught at at his life, that one of the things that was not missing from school that apartheid was the natural order and was it was the need to have a photograph taken with me. encouraged by the established Church to believe that it We sometimes think of Mandela in different phases. was the will of God—I remember being told that by a We remember Mandela the freedom fighter of Umkhonto church minister. It was compulsory to learn Afrikaans. we Sizwe, and the old black and white photographs. We It would have been entirely understandable—regrettable, refer to Mandela the global statesman in this, the internet of course, but understandable—if the majority had sought age. But in my opinion not enough is made of Mandela revenge, because, after all, many of the black South the President. He introduced radical social reforms, Africans were treated worse than dogs by the white including free health care, and gave many children the minority. chance to go to school. As others have said, the Truth The Mandela of the state’s fabrication and the and Reconciliation Commission did so much for the supremacists’ imagination was the rallying point against country. majority rule. When the time came for Mandela to cast One of Mandela’s greatest achievements was to defeat his first vote at the age of 75, he was the bridge that the phenomenon of our granting hero status only to most South Africans tentatively—initially—stepped across those who die young, when those who are lost are into liberation and, for them, the enormous perceived missed not because of their achievements but for their uncertainty of that democracy. unfulfilled and uncompromised promise. It is so rare for I say gently, in keeping with the tone of today’s anyone to enjoy simultaneously a long life and near- contributions, that I do not believe that the British universal love and respect, but Mandela captured and Government’s record on South Africa in that era will be kept the sense of Camelot usually gifted only to those judged with any sense of generosity. Apartheid South who are denied a life beyond middle age. A man born Africa was a cancer on a continent, but it was dealt with before the end of the first world war was to become the through the prism of the power politics of strategic cold premier global cause of a digital age. war interests. It was allowed to destabilise not only Even after Mandela left prison, the transition was its own country but Mozambique, Angola, Namibia, painful—we have not focused on this enough today, South-West Africa, as it was called, and many others understandably—with the provocation by state forces besides. That is why I am so proud that my home city trying to create a civil war and the involvement of of Glasgow was the first city in the world to grant its organisations such as Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging freedom to the man imprisoned off the shore of my trying to incite tribal division. then adopted city. This is ultimately a story of how the most powerful Like others, I want to thank the many people involved military force on a continent was defeated by an idea, in the Anti-Apartheid Movement. Long before the rock and defeated by a group of undernourished prisoners concerts and the well-intentioned celebrity endorsements, on a barren rock in an Atlantic bay. The reconciliation they stood unglamorously on street corners asking people after apartheid was a man-made miracle where millions to sign a petition in honour of someone they had of women and men played their part, but Mandela was probably never heard of. That movement taught us that undoubtedly the chemistry. In a troubled world, observers the simple act of not buying South African apples is a anguish that if only we had more Mandelas, so many of statement in itself, and that, in the right circumstances, the problems facing us could be resolved. That is a politics and sport could and should mix. Anyone who pessimist’s view. I look at it in a different way, which is says that sport and politics should never mix does not that at least we had one Mandela, and for that we fully understand what happened in South Africa. should all be eternally grateful. Many have spoken about the engaging nature of President Mandela. I can only turn to a story from my 6.48 pm own mother. My right hon. Friend the Member for Sir Tony Baldry (Banbury) (Con): I am conscious Neath (Mr Hain) spoke about his mother’s fantastic that a large number of colleagues want to contribute to relationship and friendship with Nelson Mandela. I this debate, so I want to make just one single point that cannot boast anything of that order. However, my I do not think has yet been made. mother never tires of telling me the story of one day Mandela exemplified the dignity of hope. We all have when she was in Cape Town; I was not living there at the to learn from his humility and from his preparedness to time. She was, as many people do, walking with her forgive those who persecuted him. The inheritance of head down through the city streets during her lunch Mandela’s hope should be for the people of Africa. It break, and she bumped into someone she only knew was particularly striking that he only served one term as was a tall man. She looked up, and it was not just a tall President of South Africa, on a continent where far too man—it was Nelson Mandela. They spoke, and he often political leaders cling on to power for as long as inquired as to who she was, what she did, what she possible. believed in, and what she thought. She said, “I apologise, As a country we are now the most generous donor of Mr Mandela”—I do not know what was going on his development aid of all the G8 nations. We can give mind; perhaps he was thinking, “She’s not going to vote development assistance to South Africa and provide it for me”, which of course she did—“I do hope you don’t and South Africans with education. The right hon. mind, but I have to get back to work, so we have to stop Members for Neath (Mr Hain) and for Leeds Central our conversation.” I do not know whether my mother is (Hilary Benn) and I are all graduates of the university the only person who has done this. of , which has produced more Members of the When Mandela came to the UK and went to the South African Parliament than of this Parliament as a grand receptions, the truth is that I, like others, was result of the support the university gave to those from probably a little intimidated by him. I did not seek a the ANC during the ’60s and ’70s. 63 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 64

[Sir Tony Baldry] I also want to pay tribute to Mike Terry who, tragically, died so young a few years ago, and to ACTSA—Action Africa must form its own destiny and decide whether for Southern Africa—which is what the Anti-Apartheid it follows the path exemplified by Mandela of transparency, Movement became. democracy, accountability and justice, or whether it Although the movement was successful, it was not pursues a course of corruption, cronyism and conflict. simple. There were intense debates, concerns over tactics That is a choice for Africa to make; we cannot impose it and alliances, and, of course, dirty tricks from the on Africa. South African secret service and others. The evil of Let us today hope that the people of Africa can see apartheid not only gave rise to the most terrible oppression the example that Mandela has left them, and let us give in South Africa; it also corrupted its neighbours in them all the support we possibly can. Let us hope that southern Africa. Nelson Mandela was our strength, in 10 or 20 years’ time, when the fantastic continent of inspiration and source of unity. The minor debates and Africa, so rich in human and natural resources, looks divisions within the movement were as nothing in back, it will be able to say that it is free, democratic and comparison with the huge divisions within South Africa just, because of the example that Mandela set it. that were deliberately fostered over decades. Mr Mandela’s achievement in putting aside 27 years of imprisonment— 6.51 pm much of it with hard labour—and in forgiving though Chi Onwurah ( Central) (Lab): not forgetting and in unifying his country is, therefore, It is a real honour to follow so many passionate and all the greater. He did it not by playing to the fears in all eloquent speeches. of us, but by magnifying the goodness in all of us. This morning I went to South Africa house to sign At a time when there are many debates about what it the book of condolence. It is still a really strange means to be the United Kingdom and a united Europe experience for me to enter South Africa house, having and about who we should let in, and at a time when spent so much time on the pavement outside. Indeed, at asylum seekers are vilified and those on benefits are one time I was convinced that the pavement there was mistrusted, I believe that one of Nelson Mandela’s many particularly hard and cold, especially around midnight. lessons for us is that, if we do not live in the harmony I have since entered it in very different circumstances that he sought, it is not because our differences are so and in triumphant celebration of a free South Africa. very great, but perhaps because our politicians are not The fact that the lobby of South Africa house has so great enough. many photographs of so many activists, including myself, 6.57 pm makes it all the more welcoming. This morning was different. It was sad—so very, very Mr (Worcester) (Con): It is a pleasure sad. As I signed the book in the name of Newcastle and to follow the hon. Member for Newcastle upon Tyne anti-apartheid activists everywhere, I thought about Central (Chi Onwurah), who made it very clear that how personal his death was for so many who had never apartheid was a personal attack on many people. I met him personally. That was due to Mr Mandela’s cannot claim her level of personal involvement in the towering personality, but it was also because apartheid anti-apartheid campaign, but I want to speak in this was personal to so many of us who had never set foot in debate for two reasons: the first a constituency reason South Africa. and the second a family one. As my right hon. Friend the Leader of the Opposition The battle to overcome apartheid had some unlikely has said, it is easy now to forget how widespread the heroes and we have heard a great deal today about the support was for South Africa and how much British racists most inspirational of all. Another inspirational figure took comfort and, indeed, solace from white rule. At to whom this House recently paid tribute was the the heart of apartheid was injustice, discrimination and Capetonian, and Worcestershire cricketer, Basil separation. Do hon. Members remember the ? D’Oliveira, who lived in my constituency for many years. The justification of apartheid was for separate development, His role in showing the cricketing world the unreasonable with blacks being given their own so-called homeland. nature of apartheid and South Africa’s colour bar and in helping to strengthen the sporting embargo against The belief that the races could not live together was apartheid has been well documented. He was no active obviously taken very personally by a young child in political campaigner, but in many ways his quiet dignity Newcastle with a black father and a white mother. It was a greater challenge to the regime at that time than a was also taken personally by so many people throughout more outspoken approach would have been. Newcastle, the north-east and across the country. I want to pay tribute to the international working-class solidarity It is typical of the great Madiba’s generosity of spirit that supported the Anti-Apartheid Movement. The idea that he personally invited D’Oliveira to have lunch with that what someone was and what they could achieve him in 1996 during a coaching trip to South Africa. At should be defined by the colour of their skin was taken the end of their time together he rose from his chair, as a personal attack by black people, by white people, hugged Basil D’Oliveira and said: by all people. “Thanks for coming, Basil…You must go home now. You’ve The Anti-Apartheid Movement is the most successful done your bit.” mass-movement this country has ever seen. It was the While some in the anti-apartheid movement were focus of my own activism for many years, spent in its critical of Basil D’Oliveira for not being more outspoken headquarters on what is now called Mandela street, and and not publicly backing boycotts of South Africa, I eventually joined its executive. Indeed, the first time I Mandela—ever one to recognise the bravery and dignity entered the parliamentary estate was for executive meetings of others—gave him the full credit for doing his bit. organised by my right hon. Friend the Member for Basil himself described their meeting as Neath (Mr Hain), Richard Caborn and Bob Hughes. “one of the greatest days of my life”, 65 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 66 adding: as President as a young or middle-aged man. Imagine “He’s just a marvellous man and I’ve always thought a lot of the difference that he would have made to South Africa. him, read a lot about him and now I’ve actually met him—brilliant, Imagine the inspiration that he would have been to the absolutely brilliant, and to come back to the new South Africa whole of Africa and the world. We can all learn lessons has been absolutely marvellous.” from Nelson Mandela. My sympathy goes out to the It was one of my greatest honours as Worcester’s MP people of South Africa, especially to his family and to be at last January’s memorial service for Basil D’Oliveira friends, who have not just lost a great leader, but a and to be able to offer my condolences to his family, husband, a father, a grandfather and a loyal friend. who live to this day in Worcester. I am sure that they, It was Desmond Tutu who said that Nelson Mandela along with thousands of my other constituents, will be had one big fault, which was that he was sometimes mourning the loss of Nelson Mandela. loyal to his friends who let him down badly. I do not As I said, the second reason I wanted to speak today think that is a bad fault. For anyone who had Nelson was due to a family connection. My wife Charlotte was Mandela as a friend, he was there on the good days and born in South Africa and spent the early years of her the bad days. He was a real friend at all times, and I do life there. Her father, Professor Jeremy Keenan, was a not think that that is a bad quality in a man. Desmond university lecturer at Witwatersrand, and to an outsider Tutu also said that he was a gift to South Africa. it might have appeared that they were among the Certainly he was a gift to South Africa, but he was comfortable white beneficiaries of the apartheid system. probably a gift to the whole world. He made us aware In fact, he spent years working with the ANC, travelling that despite any atrocities that we might face in our into the townships and homelands and using his privileged lives, it is possible for people to forgive, to reconcile and access as an anthropologist to document the appalling to move on and build a better world. treatment of black people under apartheid, the pass Nelson Mandela was a modern politician, although laws and the use of control mechanisms, then passing he was in his 90s. He was always smart and people on the information to his contacts in the ANC. While in noticed when he was in the room. He was great on the South Africa, he wanted to dedicate a book that he had soundbites, and knew how to get his message across to written about the Tuareg to Mandela, but under the the public and the media. He was a man of principle, a laws of the day he could not have it published with a great leader and a statesman, and, as I said, a wonderful mention of that man’s name. He gave his dedication human being. indirectly by speaking about the fact that his son was “born in a land where drought is also not unheard of and where In case people believe that he will be forgotten, I elders also live on islands”. finish with a more light-hearted view. My six-year-old My father-in-law and his family had to leave South grandson went to school on Friday and made a speech Africa in a hurry in 1987 when the Government of on the impact that Nelson Mandela had had on the P. W. Botha cracked down hard on those suspected world. However, he did not get all the facts right, of supporting Mandela and his allies. The information because he said that he had been in a dungeon and not he had gathered was to be compiled in a book that fed for 27 years. But overall he made the point that would have been called “Dying for Change”, but at the Nelson Mandela was a great man. It is nice to think that time the South African authorities were able to suppress a six-year-old going to school remembers the great such publications, and only now are the full details qualities of this individual, and that he will not be emerging. Other people engaged in shining a light on forgotten in the future. the regime or passing information to the ANC were murdered, and both he and his family suffered threats 7.4 pm and intimidation from the security services, including Mr Stephen O’Brien (Eddisbury) (Con): I pay tribute multiple break-ins, and having their pets poisoned and to Mr Speaker for enabling today’s proceedings to take the brakes on their cars tampered with. place, and to all the previous speakers. Their words Last year, I was able to travel to South Africa and speak for us all and we should let them stand and not be join my father-in-law on his first visit to that beautiful repeated. I simply wish to add one brief perspective. It country since the end of apartheid. We saw a country is from one who never met Nelson Mandela personally, that still faces great challenges, in which there are still but was deeply inspired by him. vast inequalities, but most of all we saw a country at My perspective is a point of coincidence, which I peace with itself and a country in which young people modestly share with the right hon. Member for Neath of all colours and backgrounds can live with hope (Mr Hain), whose speech today will resonate movingly for the future. That is the legacy of Mandela. As Rabbi down the years. That point of coincidence is not because, Sacks said of him, like him, I moved from one party to another, from the “He permanently enlarged the horizon of human hope.” SDP to the Conservatives; he moved the other way. It is There can be no more fitting epitaph than that. not because I boycotted all South African goods, at least until 1990. I never went to South Africa until the 7.1 pm 2000s. It is not because as a young man I marched in Mr Dave Watts (St Helens North) (Lab): I am grateful London against apartheid, or because I signed numerous to be able to pay my tribute to Nelson Mandela. He was petitions or as a member of Amnesty International a great leader and statesman and a wonderful loving stayed in a trying to write letters and be active on human being. Despite having to endure 27 years in jail behalf of political prisoners. It was because of what he remained committed to his cause, forgave his past Nelson Mandela was doing that so many of our thoughts, enemies, and led his country from the dark times of particularly as young people, were shaped by him and apartheid to freedom, democracy and equality under what he stood for. The right hon. Member for Tottenham law. As I look back on his life, I cannot but believe that (Mr Lammy) spoke exceptionally movingly, not just that 27 years was wasted in prison. Imagine Nelson Mandela about solidarity and freedom but about Nelson Mandela’s 67 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 68

[Mr Stephen O’Brien] 7.10 pm Dame (Dulwich and West Norwood) great life and his influence transcending generations— (Lab): First, I should like to speak on behalf of my political generations—and, deeply within us, our families, constituents in Brixton who celebrated and still remember from generation to generation. Mandela’s visit in 1996. On Friday, when the book of For me, the point of coincidence with the right hon. condolence was opened by the leader of the council and Member for Neath is that I was born in Africa. I was the mayor, I spoke to a lady who had been at the partly brought up and educated there. In my case, it was Brixton Rec for that visit. She told me that she remembered in a country then called Tanganyika. It has been proudly the day well, saying, “I could not believe that a man like independent as the United Republic of Tanzania for the Nelson Mandela would want to visit a place like Brixton last 50 years, and was host for many years to the ANC, and people like us.” The inspiration that he created in not least for its training at Morogoro and elsewhere. For those short hours lives on in so many hearts and memories. people such as us, we never quite shake the of I should now like to turn to the irreplaceable role that Africa from our feet. It is interesting that for my parents Nelson Mandela played in winning the bid for the not only is Julius Nyerere a great hero, but so is Trevor Olympics for London 2012. Sport and its power have Huddleston and so is Nelson Mandela. For them and been a persistent theme of South Africa’s journey from for my constituents, and for those few of us who are apartheid to democracy, first as a lightning rod for the proud enough to have even a minuscule part of Africa global anti-apartheid movement and then, at Nelson in us, I want to make one point. Although I did not have Mandela’s behest, as a means of healing that nation’s the chance to meet Nelson Mandela personally, I have deep divisions. We will for ever remember his taking to through my work on malaria and development met the pitch wearing a Springbok shirt and cap to inspire Graça Machel—his third wife, now his widow, but who the South African rugby team in 1995. when she met him was already the widow of one President —who has shown such commitment to the improvement Let us fast-forward 10 years to the Olympic bid, of lives in her native Mozambique and to the improvement when my friend Richard Caborn—then the right hon. of all lives in South Africa. She worked with Nelson Member for Sheffield, Central—and others negotiated Mandela right through to the end, and through her Nelson Mandela’s support for London’s bid. Mr Mandela strength, dedication and devotion to him she showed spoke as though he were a Londoner when he said: deep commitment and care. But above all she is now an “There’s no city like London. It is a wonderfully diverse and advocate of his legacy, and our deep condolences go to open city, providing a home to hundreds of nationalities from her and to all Nelson Mandela’s extensive family. across the world. I can’t think of a better place than London to hold an event that unites the world. The Games in London will As the right hon. Member for Leeds Central (Hilary inspire athletes as well as young people around the world and Benn) and my right hon. Friends the Members for ensure that the Olympic Games remain the dream for future North East Bedfordshire (Alistair Burt) and for North generations.” West Norfolk (Mr Bellingham) and others have said, His words about sport captured the essence of the Nelson Mandela was a giant of values and practice—a London 2012 dream when he said that man of great standards, leadership, vision and inspiration, “sport has the power to change the world, the power to unite who has transcended politics today. The legacy that people as little else does. It speaks to youth, in a language they Graça Machel and others will want to carry forward is understand. Sport creates hope where once there was only despair.” his championing of seeking peace and reconciliation, Now, with his passing, public figures and private for which I and so many others will continue to battle. It citizens across the world will find their own way of includes his determination to bring down poverty, to giving personal expression to Nelson Mandela’s legacy, build the capacities of good government, and to fight through countless acts of courage, leadership and humility, for jobs and justice for all, in all countries, and particularly and an unfailing belief in the generosity of the human in South Africa and the other nations of Africa. His spirit. As these tributes today have shown, our lives dedication to the fight against AIDS and other tropical and the life of this nation were enriched by that great diseases that are totally treatable and avoidable was man. We now have to carry the challenge of his legacy another feature of his leadership. He said that ultimately forward. his birthright was South Africa and the African continent. He was an inspirational leader, a man who set standards 7.14 pm for us all to which we can only aspire, as it will be impossible for us to reach them, but none the less they Sir Malcolm Bruce (Gordon) (LD): I apologise for are worth aiming for. He did in the end say that he having missed part of the debate; I had engagements belonged to South Africa, but he embraced all of Africa that I could not change with people from outside the and all the peoples in it. As we politicians reflect today House. I am glad that the Speaker has allowed these on his extraordinary life and on the electoral mandate tributes to be paid, as they give us the opportunity to that has enabled us all to come to this place, I hope that place on record our views and experiences. his legacy—and the leadership of Graça Machel as I had the great privilege of meeting Nelson Mandela she takes it forward—will mean that all the peoples, the shortly after he had been elected President. I have leaders and the Governments of the 54 countries of Richard Caborn to thank for that opportunity, as he Africa will embrace Nelson Mandela and what he meant was then the Chair of the Trade and Industry Select for their future. His legacy and, above all, his courageous Committee, of which I was a member. The Committee heart will guide them and help them to build the freedom visited South Africa to see how the ending of apartheid and opportunity that the 1 billion and more Africans could change the business relationship between the deserve. That is the greatest legacy that he can give, and United Kingdom and South Africa—as indeed it has I am absolutely sure that he will then be beaming down done. Mr Mandela gave us a considerable amount of from above with his inimitable smile. his time, as he always did; he was very generous and 69 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 70 engaging. People often talk about his humility, and I fundamentally to sum up what Nelson Mandela had was astonished when, on shaking hands with me, he achieved: only when people can move forward, embrace told me that it was a great honour for him to meet me. the future and turn their back on the divisions of the I think I replied, “It is entirely the reverse, Mr President.” past, can they face the world and claim that they have That was typical of his understatement and his charm. delivered freedom. There is a long way to go—it is still a On that visit, I also remember attending a reception long walk—but, without Nelson Mandela, perhaps the at a hotel in a rather nondescript place called Midrand, first step would not have been taken. which, as the name implies, is halfway between Johannesburg and Pretoria. I was talking to an Afrikaner 7.20 pm lady, who expressed her concern about what would happen to South Africa now that it was in the hands of Hugh Bayley (York Central) (Lab): I have my South the majority. Obviously, I found that conversation rather African godmother, Mary Grice, to thank for a lifelong uncomfortable. I pointed out that they were indeed the interest in Africa. When I was a child, she used to send majority and that, as it had been an agreed transition, me books about Africa and African artefacts. She stood I hoped that she would welcome it. in line with other members of the Black Sash in Durban, where she lived, to protest against apartheid. Her daughter, Just before the reception ended, the president of the Jenny, worked her whole life—she recently retired—for chamber of commerce announced that two of the young the multiracial National Union of Metalworkers of girls from the typing pool wanted to sing for us. Two South Africa trade union. very small girls stood on the podium, put their arms round each other and sang, a cappella, “Nkosi Sikelel’ I do not think that hon. Members have said enough iAfrika”. As they sang, tears started to run down the this afternoon about the role played by Africans in cheek of the Afrikaner woman. When they had finished South Africa in securing their freedom. That freedom singing, she turned to me and said, “This is still my did not happen because of the global solidarity movement, country. It’s time I learned the words.” That encapsulated important though it was, but because South Africans the impact of what Nelson Mandela was able to do. He themselves demanded the rights that they now have. made people understand that they had to move on, and Mandela’s genius was not simply to win the argument that they had to do so without recrimination and without and the political struggle, but to win over his opponents looking back. and to persuade them that he and the ANC had been right all along. I have the privilege of being the Chair of the International Development Committee and in that capacity I have There has been huge consensus across the Chamber travelled all over Africa in the past few years. Let us be today among hon. Members, many of whom have shown clear: Mandela’s dream has by no means been fulfilled that they learned their politics in the South African across Africa, which is riddled with conflict. Sadly, solidarity movement, but there has not always been more often than not, those conflicts are between black such consensus. I published a poster—I think it was the and black, rather than the civil war between the races first in the UK—demanding freedom for Mandela in that many people feared. I am certain that Mandela’s 1973, when he had just been made vice-president of the wisdom and advice are still relevant. People have to be National Union of Students. I named a bar after him at able to move forward, to work together, to embrace my student union in Bristol at about the same time. their enemies and to start to think about a different set Members of the ANC came along to the opening, but of values. were a bit sniffy about our naming a bar after their great leader. I was hugely relieved to find, after his After President de Klerk had given his undertaking release, that he drank. that he would move forward to create majority rule in South Africa, he came to London to speak at the South Ten years later, when the Anti-Apartheid Movement African embassy. Members of the House were invited moved its headquarters from Charlotte street to Selous to attend. Very few did, but I chose to do so. The street, as it then was, in Camden Town, I ran a campaign demonstration outside the embassy was still going on at to get the name changed to Mandela street, which is the the time, and I was heckled and harassed for having the one it enjoys today. Such minor acts of solidarity were audacity to go to listen to that speech. All I wanted to roundly condemned at the time. I still have a cutting do was hear from the man himself just how genuinely from The Rhodesia Herald, as it was then, and from a committed he was to the promises and pledges he had prominent British national Sunday newspaper expressing made. I make no apology for going, and I have no incredulity that anybody wished to honour and show regrets, because the results now speak for themselves. respect for the name of this political prisoner. At the end of that Select Committee visit to South I served for quite a few years on the executive or Africa, we were about to leave Johannesburg to come national committee of the Anti-Apartheid Movement back to the United Kingdom when we happened to under the chairmanships of both the noble Lord Hughes bump into Joe Slovo in the airport lounge. He was in the other place and John Ennals, who was the brother terminally ill with cancer, but he was still working as a of David Ennals, the Health Minister under Harold housing Minister. I told him that we had met Nelson Wilson. I led campaigns to persuade local authorities Mandela and that I had seen and heard many things and trade unions to sell their investments in South that had impressed me. I said I was impressed by how Africa. the country was determined to move forward as a When I was first elected to the House in 1992, I rainbow nation of people who wanted to work together wanted to become involved with anti-apartheid work, to put the past behind them and to go forward together but I found that we had apartheid among our all-party as one nation. Joe Slovo said to me, “We won’t forgive, groups, which in those days could be set up without we can never forget, but you won’t build a new nation needing to have members from all parties. There were on bitterness and revenge.” That seemed to me two South African groups—the all-party group on South 71 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 72

[Hugh Bayley] be achieved. If we want to honour his reputation, we need to work to do our part, as political leaders in our Africa, which argued against disinvestment and for country, to ensure that those goals are achieved. white rights, order and no change in South Africa; and We therefore need to concentrate on making the the all-party group on Southern Africa, led by Peter argument to the public in our country that we should Pike, the former Member for Burnley, who was mentioned spend 0.7% of our gross national income on international by the right hon. Member for North East Bedfordshire development. We need to retain the focus of our (Alistair Burt). I joined the Southern Africa group, development programme on the elimination of poverty, because it was closely aligned to the Anti-Apartheid and recognise that that requires us to challenge inequality Movement. The two groups merged a few years later, globally, in our own country and in the developing and it was because of the experience of reconciliation in countries that we are seeking to help. South Africa that we felt we should join together into a I believe it was a mistake when, earlier this year, the single group. United Kingdom decided to close its aid relationship One of the greatest privileges I have had as a Member with South Africa, which is a middle-income country. It of this House was to be selected to observe the first does not need our money, but we have a lot to gain from genuine democratic, all-race elections in South Africa continuing to work with South Africa and its Government in 1994. The practice was to put an African politician in examining how they are tackling inequality there and with one from further afield, so that there was a multiracial in transferring the lessons we can learn from them back observer team, and I had the great good fortune to be to the United Kingdom and other developing countries twinned with Mose Tjitendero, who was the Speaker of where we have programmes, because unless we deal the Namibian Parliament. Just five years before, Namibia with the problem of inequality, we will never end the had gone through a similar transition—nobody has global scourge of poverty. mentioned it this afternoon—managing to move to democracy and majority rule without destroying the state and without that leading civil war and chaos. I 7.29 pm learned a lot from him during our three days of observing the election. Mr (Ribble Valley) (Ind): On Mandela Monday in Parliament, I think it can be said that we are On the first day, in one of those long lines of voters all South Africans today. There have been many touching that many of us will remember from our television and moving speeches. I hope that Mr Speaker will send screens—the right hon. Member for Bermondsey and a bound copy of Hansard to the South African Parliament Old Southwark (Simon Hughes) described them in his to demonstrate the love and warmth that British MPs speech—I saw an old African women with snow-white have, on behalf of their constituents, for Nelson Mandela. hair, and I asked her how long she had been waiting to Nelson Mandela’s legacy can be seen by those who go vote, because I was trying to find out whether it was to South Africa in the growth that there has been. taking people two, five or 10 hours, and she simply said, People have said that it is not perfect. Clearly, it is not, “All my life.” but nor is the United Kingdom perfect. The advances After the election, I went to the Alexandra health that were made under Nelson Mandela’s stewardship centre, a progressive centre that had fought to extend were tremendous. Indeed, what South Africa is not is health care to people of all races during the time of also tremendous—it is not Zimbabwe. We have heard apartheid. I met a midwife who first qualified in what today that Nelson Mandela was in prison for 27 years. was then called Northern —the Northern Next year will see the 27th year of the presidency of Province—who said that when she qualified, she was Robert Mugabe. There is a rich irony in that. given her equipment, which consisted of a kettle to boil Some of the words that we have heard spoken in water to sterilise whatever instruments she might use relation to Nelson Mandela today have been reconciliation, and a candle so that she could do deliveries in the dark. freedom, dignity, love and hope. Of all those, one would We started talking about the sort of support that South usually say that love was the strongest emotion. However, Africa would need to build a health care system that today I believe that hope is the strongest. provided for all its citizens, and she said that the challenge was not one of resources—after all, in South Africa the I was introduced to a young opera singer called doctor Christiaan Barnard had carried out the first Siphiwo Ntshebe by a friend of mine who is the heart transplant operation many years before—but of representative of South Africa in the north-west. He how those resources were distributed. was going to sing the “Hope” anthem at the opening of the 2010 World cup in South Africa. Sadly, he died just Mandela was a revolutionary. Many refused to support before he was able to do so. Some of the words in the him when he was in prison, because he refused to anthem were spoken by Nelson Mandela: repudiate the armed struggle. Amnesty International would not make him a prisoner of conscience because “The generosity of the human spirit can overcome all adversity. of that refusal. We should not forget, however, that Through compassion and caring, we can create hope.” while the victims were citizens, the violence of apartheid That is hope for all those who have faced discrimination came overwhelmingly from the security forces of the and apartheid, hope for those who face discrimination state—as in Sharpeville, the Soweto student uprising in and apartheid today, hope for those who face dejection, 1976 and the Durban strikes in the early 1970s. and hope for those who face being unheard, in whatever Mandela’s first goal was to achieve democracy and country they happen to live and whatever kind of evil universal , and that goal has been achieved, but they face. his vision went far wider. He wanted to achieve equality I have stood in the shadow of the huge statue in and full human rights and justice for all citizens in his Nelson Mandela square in Sandton in Johannesburg. I country and the wider world, and those goals remain to am sure that many Members here have done so. That 73 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 74 statue is massive, yet when future generations learn of him in such high esteem. He was a person who was the achievements of Nelson Mandela, they will realise prepared to forgive and forget the hatred that had been that it is not big enough. It could have been much shown to him. bigger. I am a passionate rugby fan, as are many Members Many Members have said at the end of their moving here. Nothing gives me greater satisfaction than watching and touching contributions that we will not see his like Wales beat England, whether it be in the Millennium again. I hope that we do, because we need more Nelson stadium or at Twickenham. However, the greatest rugby Mandelas and we need them now. On the one occasion I moment that I can remember was when Nelson Mandela heard Nelson Mandela speak in South Africa house, he wore that Springboks shirt with the No. 6 on the back finished his speech by saying that some leaders ought to and gave that smile. That was the greatest sporting learn when it is time to go. He did not mention Mugabe, moment and the greatest political moment in one. but we all knew who he was talking about. I was The capital city of my country, Cardiff, gave the privileged enough to shake hands with Nelson Mandela. freedom of the city to Nelson Mandela. My party had It took him ages to leave South Africa house that day the privilege of being addressed by Nelson Mandela. because such was his humanity that he wanted to shake I went to the Mandela Rhodes Foundation event in hands with as many people as he could. Westminster Hall in 2003. I am not sure whether I We will all remember where we were when we heard should say this because I am not a Rhodes scholar. As the news that Nelson Mandela had sadly died. More I have said, I left school rather early. My hon. Friend importantly, we will also remember that we were all the Member for Great Grimsby (Austin Mitchell) also privileged enough to stand on the earth at the same time pushed in beside me with his camera, as he always does as that great man was alive. on such splendid occasions. The warm-up act on that day was made up of , Bob Hawke and Bill 7.33 pm Clinton, and the concluding remarks were made by Albert Owen (Ynys Môn) (Lab): There have been Nelson Mandela. What an act to see! some great and passionate speeches tonight. Like many It was with great fondness that I heard the great man of the Members who have spoken, my politics and my speak. I only wish that the bosun and the other seafarers life have been shaped by Nelson Mandela and by apartheid. I sailed with had had the opportunity to see what that I left school not to go to university but to go to sea. man achieved in their name. The first deep sea trip that I made was to South Africa and around the Cape of Good Hope. On that ship was a 7.38 pm bosun who was Jamaican, a fireman who was Maltese John Hemming (Birmingham, Yardley) (LD): Today and a mainly British crew. In the international community we have heard from some of the generals of the Anti- that is seafaring, we shared many things. However, Apartheid Movement. I must admit that I was only a when we went ashore in South Africa, we could not do foot soldier. I was never even arrested. I was once asked so together. I remember the tears of many people in that to put down a glass that I was using to lubricate my mess room when they reflected on that experience. They shouting, which was directed at the South African had experienced the same thing in America before the ambassador. I have three children who are mixed race. civil rights movement. They could not go to bars in That would not have been allowed had I been in South America at that time because of the hatred that race Africa. I therefore had a personal beef with the ambassador, brought in various communities. It is emotional to which I put to him in a rather loud tone of voice. think that those people did not live to see apartheid Nelson Mandela’s love and devotion were not reserved lifted, but many people fought the good fight to ensure only for his family, but extended to his country, his that it was. people and all those who have ever stood up to tyranny. As I have said, those experiences shaped my politics His philosophy of reconciliation and of a search for and my life. Those human experiences are the things forgiveness; his political endeavour for a peaceful, that count because politics is about people. We are here democratic transition from the dark night of apartheid; today to pay tribute to one of the greatest people who and his relentless courage in the face of adversity allow has ever lived. That is a strong statement to make. I had him to stand tall in comparison with those who sought the privilege of being in his company, as did many to keep power through the sword and without the others. However, I remember reading about the history consent of the people. of apartheid on that ship as a 16-year-old with my Few manage to make a mark as bold and as long-lasting colleagues. as Mandela’s. His time on this earth may be done, but I also remember being at university in my 30s during his legacy will burn bright through the ages. As long as the 1990s when Nelson Mandela became President. My one person is dominated by another, as long as one hon. Friend the Member for York Central (Hugh Bayley) person keeps another in slavery and bondage, and as and other Members have talked about the queues of long as freedom of thought and freedom of conscience people who waited to vote on that day. I think that will cannot be tamed, he will stand as an example to those stick in the memory of most people in the world. When seeking the bright day of freedom, democracy, tolerance we complain about the apathy and low turnout in our and mutual respect. country, we should think about what those people endured The key message, however, is that of forgiveness. for many years. Nelson Mandela made it possible them After his release, Nelson Mandela called not for revenge to vote. but instead for the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Nelson Mandela was a man who was prepared to die When we look around the world at acts of vengeance, to free people. He was, in many ways, a modern-day such as the difficulties in Bangladesh, Kashmir or, as prophet. He wanted to free a whole nation and a whole was mentioned earlier, Sri Lanka, we see that the problem continent, and he achieved that. That is why we hold is that those acts of vengeance give rise to other acts of 75 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 76

[John Hemming] Democratic Institute for International Affairs. I was one of an international faculty helping in that exercise, vengeance, and things go off the rails. To that extent, we in which regional and local ANC activists were being have a massive amount for which to thank Nelson prepared for what may be involved in elections, so that Mandela. We thank him for showing people that the they could organise themselves. They were obviously way forward is not through acts of vengeance. seething during the transition, because there were talks about talks, and there was a question of whether there 7.40 pm would be all-party talks or a constituent assembly, and other difficulties of process followed. Nelson Mandela Mark Durkan (Foyle) (SDLP): I bring another accent and his fellow leaders had to keep people together to the debate and to our tribute to Nelson Mandela. through all those troubles, difficulties and frustrations, Obviously, people in Ireland—north and south—supported and that was one exercise to help achieve that. As well the Anti-Apartheid Movement, inspired by men like as the polling booths, which were used when we split Kader Asmal, who helped to found the movement here into two groups and toured the country, at the request in London and then founded it in Ireland when he of the Americans I also brought unused books of ballot moved there. I spoke about him in my maiden speech in papers from Ireland, north and south. this House in 2005, which was in an Africa debate. Unfortunately, not everyone in Ireland had the same During those mock arrangements, I witnessed many view. In Northern Ireland, people tended to pick and people who had had lifelong involvement in the struggle choose their views according to party lines and whose for democracy going through their first act of queuing side they were on at home. If we rose above such up at a polling station and voting, on an Irish ballot squabbles, we found that people in the Anti-Apartheid paper. Even though it was a mock election, they were Movement, who were inspirational themselves, were crying. Like the hon. Member for York Central (Hugh inspired by Nelson Mandela and by the many people Bayley), who was so struck when the actual election who were leading the struggle for democracy in South came and he saw the queues of people lining up for the Africa, whether they were in jail or body-swerving the real vote, I saw how important it was. system, avoiding jail and organising in many different I met Nelson Mandela and, as I said, Kader Asmal, ways. who became the Minister of Water Affairs and Forestry All sorts of arguments and debates were raging here in the Government of national unity and then Minister in the 1980s. I worked for my predecessor, John Hume, of Education in the first ANC Government. Nelson as a researcher in Westminster, and I also spent time Mandela came to speak to all the political parties from working in Teddy Kennedy’s office in the States. I know Northern Ireland, which were in South Africa to learn exactly what all the arguments were about why sanctions lessons and get an insight from the South African would not work or should not be put in place, and the process. It was not the first time we had done that—there argument that the geopolitical order required us to had been previous trips—but it was the first time that tolerate the apartheid regime. Even while the Government all the parties were on one trip. We could not all share here were officially condemning it, they were not interfering the same transport, because at that stage Unionist with it in any way. parties still said that they would not be in the same room or on the same transport as Sinn Fein. Even when I also recall that there was a threatened split in the we were taken on a visit to a local beach, at Africa’s Anti-Apartheid Movement in Ireland in the mid-’80s. most southerly point, apartheid South Africa’s laws Sinn Fein had started contesting elections and so on, unfortunately had to be reinstated and there was separation. and it joined the Anti-Apartheid Movement on a corporate I was at the event with Kader Asmal, who was seething basis. Several significant people then left, such as Garret at the idea that we were separated and imposing limits FitzGerald. John Hume addressed a rally in Dublin, on ourselves, but he told me that Nelson Mandela had and it was one of the few times he publicly disagreed said to him, “It is not up to us to impose our standards with Garret FitzGerald. He said that no differences to on them. We can give them our example, and they will do with Irish politics should in any way detract from find their way.” I thought that was particularly rich. combined and united solidarity in repudiating the iniquity that was apartheid. Both at that rally and in debates in The initial idea was that Nelson Mandela would the House, John Hume made the point that we needed speak to certain parties in one room, or one session, sanctions not just as a badge of moral indignation, and and then to other parties including Sinn Fein, or to Sinn not just to put an economic bite on a regime that Fein on its own, in another room or another session. A needed its collar felt, but in solidarity with the struggle splendid solution was reached when people realised the for democracy in South Africa. After John Hume made architecture of the centre meant that they could remove that speech, Kader Asmal, who subsequently told Nelson two glass sliding walls so that some of us were under the Mandela that I helped to write it, made a point of roof while Nelson Mandela addressed us and others getting it sent to South Africa and taken to Nelson were outside—not under the same roof. That is how Mandela in prison. Kader Asmal said that he thought Unionist blushes were spared, but at least Nelson Mandela, it was the first time that a parliamentarian had put it as the elected President of South Africa, was allowed that way. the dignity of saying the same thing to all of us at the As a member of the Anti-Apartheid Movement—I same time. represented the Union of Students in Ireland and then Nelson Mandela gave us many key messages and my party—I found myself in the unusual position of lessons at that event. There were the familiar ones, such importing something into pre-democratic South Africa as the fact that we had to negotiate peace with our in the early 1990s. It was two collapsible aluminium enemies, not our friends, but there were also points polling booths that were made in my constituency, to be about not only needing to be sure about the integrity of used as part of a training exercise by the National our choice but needing to allow space for the integrity 77 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 78 of other choices. He said that it was not enough just to Bob, who was one of my predecessors as Member of get into talks—mutual engagement was not the target; Parliament for Aberdeen North, is now in the House mutual adjustment was the real, hard test. He also of Lords. For many years, from the mid-1970s until the made it clear that, when finding new ground, it is much mid-1990s, he was a very energetic chair of the Anti- easier to make common ground than when we fight Apartheid Movement, which was disbanded after the over the old ground and the old issues, identities and first South African election. Having spent some of his labels. childhood in South Africa, he knew exactly what was Many Members have paid tribute to people in England going on there, and most of the great events happened who stood against apartheid, but I want to make particular on his watch. He was heavily involved in the planning of reference to the Dunnes Stores workers whose strike in the “Free Nelson Mandela” concert to which so many 1984 did so much to galvanise opposition to apartheid Members have referred. He was also very influential in in Ireland and beyond. I particularly wish to name politics in Scotland, as would be expected from a Scottish Mary Manning, Karen Gearon, Alma Russell and Liz Member of Parliament. Deasy. In recent days, there has been popular demand Glasgow was the first city to grant Nelson Mandela in Ireland that whatever national delegation goes to the freedom of the city—in 1984, when he was still being South Africa for Nelson Mandela’s funeral and the called a terrorist and locked up in prison—and I am other ceremonies, those Dunnes Stores workers should proud to say that the city that I now represent, Aberdeen, be part of it. They represent the real spirit of the struggle was the second to grant him that award, in the same against apartheid. year. That was all due to the work of Bob Hughes. It is Nelson Mandela’s famous opening words at his trial an indication of the way in which Bob was regarded were: in South Africa that, after Nelson Mandela became “I am the First Accused.” President, he was awarded the Order of the Companions Today we remember him as the “first admired”. We of O. R. Tambo. Oliver Tambo, then deceased, had hope that we can look forward to his being the “first been the leader of the African National Congress. That emulated” in other areas where people are suffering special award had been created for foreign citizens who from injustice and conflict, and from the violations that had supported South Africa and the ANC through all result from unaccountable power, but it is not only in the hard times. The award had three levels, and Bob was those areas that he should be emulated. We need to given the silver award, which was for remember that as well as indicting the iniquity and “those who have actively promoted the interests and aspirations inequity of the apartheid system, he indicted the world of South Africa through outstanding co-operation, solidarity and order as we know it, a world order in which power and support.” wealth are vested in the hands of a privileged minority. I think it important to put that on the record, because If we want to take part in the emulation of Nelson that award is the second highest that can be made to a Mandela, we should not just expect things of other foreign citizen. people who live in difficult circumstances; we should I also want to pay a small tribute to Mr Speaker rise to the challenge, and deal with the apartheid nature Martin, who has now retired. When I was Chair of the of the world economic order that still exists. Administration Committee, he was anxious for us to mark the fact that Nelson Mandela had paid us a visit 7.50 pm when he was President of South Africa. Many Members— Mr Frank Doran (Aberdeen North) (Lab):We have but not enough of them—will know that in Westminster heard many wonderful speeches, which have been both Hall there is a plaque which was placed there some four humorous and thoughtful. I entered the House of years ago to commemorate the fact that Mandela had Commons in 1987, and I cannot imagine that a debate made a great speech to the collected Houses of Parliament of this kind would have taken place then. I think that when he visited as President. If any of my colleagues the debate we are having today demonstrates that things are looking for a place to which to make a pilgrimage, have moved on, not just in world politics because of I can tell them that it is quite close. someone like Nelson Mandela, but in the House. Of course, we would have such a debate only about someone 7.55 pm who was very special, and, as we have heard from all Ms Diane Abbott (Hackney North and Stoke Newington) who have spoken, Nelson Mandela was a very, very (Lab): The fact that the House of Commons has spent special man. We all live in his shadow, in a way that is the whole day paying tribute to Nelson Mandela is, of difficult to describe. course, a tribute to the man himself, but it is also a Unlike some of my colleagues, I cannot boast of the tribute to the thousands of Africans who struggled for relationship that I had with Nelson Mandela, but I can their freedom. It is a tribute to activists such as Steve boast that I was in the same room as him twice, and I Biko, it is a tribute to the ANC and to the ANC in exile, am very grateful for that. On the second occasion, when but it is also a tribute to the thousands of ordinary he came to Parliament soon after becoming President people in, I believe, all our constituencies who stood on of South Africa, I was one of 2,000 people who sat and street corners and campaigned over the decades to listened to his superb speech. What was probably most make the release of Nelson Mandela possible. gratifying was the fact that, although she had called him I will always remember where I was when I saw a terrorist in previous years, the former Prime Minister Nelson Mandela being released from prison, hand in was sitting in the front row paying obeisance like everyone hand with Winnie Mandela. I also remember the BBC else. I appreciated that very much. newscaster who was doing the bulletin. It was a friend I want to make one rather narrow point. Many of my of mine and one of the most loved newscasters, Moira colleagues have mentioned the Anti-Apartheid Movement, Stuart. I shall never forget that, because the struggle which I supported, and many have mentioned Bob Hughes. against apartheid and the struggle to free Nelson Mandela 79 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 80

[Ms Diane Abbott] ballot paper and then step to the ballot box. Many of them looked around as they did so, as if even then were part of the warp and weft of my life as a young someone would say, “Not you, you’re not allowed to activist in the late 1970s and 1980s. There were the vote.” It was being an observer at those elections that meetings, there were the pickets, there was the examination taught me the value of the ballot—that people can of the oranges to make sure they were—[Laughter]—I struggle and die for the right to vote. think that a lot of us have been there—and there were Nelson Mandela and anti-apartheid resonated with the donations. For a certain generation, that was the me as a young black woman just getting active in iconic international struggle. There were times when we politics. The anti-apartheid struggle taught me that I thought that it was no more than a struggle and Nelson was part of something international, and that politics Mandela could not be released, so seeing those television was in the end about moral purpose. It taught me that if pictures of him hand in hand with Winnie was an you believe in something, you should push on, because extraordinary experience for me. evil cannot stand. There is no more respected politician We have heard some brilliant speeches today. The among young people in the UK than Nelson Mandela. former leader of my party, my right hon. Friend the It is a privilege to be allowed to speak today, and if Member for Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath (Mr Brown) people would only believe what Nelson Mandela and made one of the best speeches that I have ever heard the anti-apartheid struggle believed—that you can alter him make, and I have heard him make some brilliant your reality and it is worth getting involved in the speeches since I was first a Member of Parliament in the struggle and understanding the issues—our politics would 1980s. My right hon. Friend the Member for Derby be enriched so much. South (Margaret Beckett) made a very impressive speech, reminding us that Mandela was a politician first and 8.2 pm last, and reminding us also of the importance of the Mr Tom Clarke (Coatbridge, Chryston and Bellshill) practice of politics. My right hon. Friend the Member (Lab): One of the joys and privileges of being a Member for Neath (Mr Hain), who was one of the heroes of the of this House—apart from speaking for constituents, anti-apartheid struggle—it might be said that that was which I hope to do this evening—is that we have a front his finest hour—told us about his childhood and his seat as history unfolds. I shall respond to your request family, and presented a touching vignette of Winnie for brevity, Mr Speaker, not least because one of my Mandela leaning down to kiss two white children. recollections of Nelson Mandela was of the day he was released from prison. Like most people, I was overjoyed. Let me say a little about Winnie Mandela. She did Then I suddenly remembered that I had the first question terrible things and terrible things were done in her for Mrs Thatcher at Prime Minister’s questions that name, but no one who was active in the anti-apartheid Tuesday. I thought a lot about that question and I movement in the 1980s will forget her courage and delivered it as best I could. At one point, the formidable beauty when she was at the height of her powers. Dame Elaine Kellett-Bowman, sitting on the second She endured long years in internal exile; she endured row of Benches on the Government side, called out, 18 months of solitary confinement, parted from her “Too long.” The then Speaker, Mr Bernard Weatherill, children; she endured beatings, and the blowing up and was forced to intervene, saying, “I remind the hon. killing of her friends and comrades around her. As I Gentleman that this is a question, not a speech.” have said, she did terrible things, but we cannot take away the fact that at the height of the anti-apartheid In that spirit, I hope to be brief in giving my recollections struggle, she was a transcendent figure. of a great life that will be remembered for a very long time—that of Nelson Mandela. Shortly after his release, We have heard about Nelson Mandela and his he came to Glasgow. As hon. Members have said, he achievements today. I remember seeing him on his first had been given the freedom of the city of Glasgow—the visit to the United Kingdom. The extraordinary thing first city to do so—after the work of people such as about him was not just his presence and charisma, but Janey Buchan, the Rev. Ian White, who was a minister the fact that there was no sense of the bitterness that he in a church in my constituency in Coatbridge, and was entitled to feel after spending 28 years in prison and my hon. Friend the Member for Glasgow South West seeing what had happened to his friends and family. As (Mr Davidson), who was a member of the Glasgow city we have heard, it was that nobility of purpose that council that agreed the bestowing of the freedom of the enabled him—it was his signal contribution—to drive city, to the chagrin of the Glasgow Herald, which said through a peaceful transition to majority rule without that it could not see any link between that man and the bloodshed that so many people prophesied. He also Glasgow except perhaps in the minds of a few Labour stood down after one term. If only more leaders in councillors. Now we know better. countries around the world were prepared to do as he Nelson Mandela charmed the people of Glasgow did and let go of power. and reminded us that he was a person of principle and a We live in an era that despises politicians, in which man with deep values and a great vision for the future. the word “political” is practically a term of abuse. We When he was elected President in 1994, I had the live in an era when too many young people believe that privilege of being one of the observers at that election. voting changes nothing, but I was privileged to be an I was in the company of David Steel, my right hon. election observer for those very first elections in which Friend the Member for Cynon Valley () and black people could vote. I remember leaving the centre Bob Hughes—I am delighted that my hon. Friend the of Johannesburg and driving all the way up to Soweto, Member for Aberdeen North (Mr Doran) recognised on the edge of the city. We got there for 6 o’clock, but Bob Hughes and his role in the campaign to end apartheid people had been queuing for hours. When the polling and bring freedom in South Africa and elsewhere. The station opened, I saw figure after figure go into the president was duly elected and the world waited to see polling station, mark the very long and complicated what would follow. He had defeated what most people 81 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 82 thought could not be defeated, and I remember his Mr Speaker: Order. Over 20 colleagues still want to slogan in that election, “Jobs, Freedom, Peace”. Even speak, and I am keen to accommodate everybody. It today in this Parliament that remains our call for Britain will not happen if there are long speeches, but if there and the rest of the world. are short speeches, it can. On that election day, I recall the remarkable reaction to the fact that people had the right to vote. I remember 8.12 pm speaking with people—I am delighted to have photographs Valerie Vaz (Walsall South) (Lab): May I start by of some of them on the wall of my bedroom—including thanking all Members for their contributions and you, one woman who walked for seven hours and waited Mr Speaker, for allowing this tribute to the first black three hours in the hot sunshine to exercise that right to South African President, who came to speak to this vote. One man—a small business person—said to me, House on 11 July 1996? I am a new Member, so I was “I am 58. If I die today, I will die a happy man because not here then to witness that, but on Thursday 5 December I have cast a vote.” 2013 I was in Walsall, welcoming the Rev. Jesse Jackson My right hon. Friend the Member for Cynon Valley to Walsall college. The Rev. Jesse Jackson played his and I recall that one of the things we were asked to do part in the struggle for equality in America, and for the was to visit a prison. I do not wish to be controversial, first black President of the United States, Barack Obama. but prisoners there had votes. Ironically, after they had Later in that evening we heard that Nelson Mandela, voted they came to us and said, “We’re free, we’re free.” a true hero of our times, had died. Perhaps there is a message there for all of us. The struggle against the apartheid regime in South Time went on and in due course, as right hon. and Africa became our struggle. We honour Nelson Mandela hon. Members have said, the President of South Africa today, who was No. 1 on the Rivonia trial list along came to this Parliament. That was a wonderful event, with Jewish people, Indians and people of dual parentage, with—rightly—much pomp and circumstance, as we because they were the heroes who lost their liberty by would have expected and which the President of South opposing the brutality of a system that said the majority Africa deserved. One thing stands out in my mind, and black population should not have equal rights or it coincides with the references that have been made opportunities because of the colour of their skin. throughout today to Nelson Mandela’s humility. After So many of us were part of the anti-apartheid movement he had delivered a wonderful speech in the Palace of in this country and around the world—people of different Westminster, he made his way down the aisle accompanied parties: the Labour party, the then Liberal party, the by the then Speaker, Baroness Boothroyd. He stopped Communist party, those of no party. There were also at the fourth or fifth row where a frail, elderly little man people of the Churches, and many Members have paid was sitting and embraced him, expressing his gratitude. tribute to Archbishop Trevor Huddleston, and I would It was Jeremy Thorpe. Mandela was non-judgmental, a add Canon Collins, trade unions, and citizens, all of man of vision, compassion, forgiveness and understanding. them united against the apartheid regime. Many of us On the eve of the Third Reading of the Bill that share the abiding memory of my right hon. Friend the became the International Development (Reporting and Member for Neath (Mr Hain), who made a stunning Transparency) Act 2006, which I had the privilege of speech, of running—always running. He, too, has paid sponsoring, the then Chancellor of the Exchequer, a personal price for his activism. my right hon. Friend the Member for Kirkcaldy and I reviewed “The Anti-Apartheid Handbook” many Cowdenbeath (Mr Brown), said at a reception that he years ago, and one thing that struck me was how people had been speaking to Nelson Mandela that day, and were classified in South Africa. One way in which they Nelson Mandela sent his very best wishes for the success were classified was by seeing how long it took to drag a of the Bill. For me, that was very humbling and makes comb through their hair. Nelson Mandela, the ANC me very proud. and the international community could not stand by Remembering his commitment to the millennium and watch while innocent men, women and children development goals and the progress that can follow—to were gunned down in Soweto or Sharpeville for opposing human equality, to human rights, to gender recognition, that brutal regime. The boycott and sanctions were to the need for everybody to enjoy an equality that gives right; it was not a question of sticks and carrots, but, as them the very best of the health service in every part of Archbishop Tutu said at the time of the boycott, people the world—Nelson Mandela can never be forgotten. were suffering anyway and the boycott could not hurt In Scotland, very often when we run out of superlatives them more. Music, prose, demonstrations and speeches— we look at the words of Robert Burns. I do not know all those forms of action—set the spark to free Nelson whether during his prison reading Nelson Mandela Mandela. read anything of Robert Burns, but I suspect that he Not many of us would have his courage not to did, and before I sit down I would like to put on record compromise our principles, and many of us today are Burns’s words in writing to a friend in recognition of his still judged by the colour of our skin, rather than on our father’s life: attributes. The main reason he is such a hero to us, “A friend of man, the friend of truth, however, is that his story is like a fairytale come true: our hero, imprisoned for his beliefs, had 27 years of his The friend of age and guide of youth; life taken away, but collectively people came together—in Few hearts like his-with virtue warm’d, collective action, as he wanted—and he was free. Few heads with knowledge so informed: As he said, he was not bitter, because if he had been If there’s another world, he lives in bliss; so, he would still have been in prison. We can only If there is none, he made the best of this.” honour his legacy if each of us is the spark for change. We can only honour his legacy if we continue the fight Several hon. Members rose— for social and economic justice. We can only honour his 83 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 84

[Valerie Vaz] son, Makgatho, had died of AIDS. At that time, about 600 South Africans were dying every day of AIDS-related legacy if we together work for his values of forgiveness, illnesses, but often there was denial that AIDS was the perseverance, peace and hope. We give thanks for his cause of the deaths. Out of office, Nelson Mandela life, and may he rest in peace. confronted that culture of denial. Rightly, there has been a focus today on the commitment 8.16 pm in the South African constitution to tackle racism Stephen Twigg (Liverpool, West Derby) (Lab/Co-op): and other forms of discrimination. The South African One of my earliest political memories is of being taken constitution was the first in the world to outlaw as a child by my parents to march against apartheid discrimination based on sexual orientation. I wish to here in London. For my generation who came to politics finish with the following story, which I found when in the ’70s and ’80s, this was the great progressive cause, preparing for what I would say today. It is a beautiful as my hon. Friend the Member for Hackney North and story about a black lesbian couple who got married—this Stoke Newington (Ms Abbott) said. I remember my was before marriage had been legalised, but a church mum coming back from the greengrocers in our very was prepared to marry them. One of the families was conservative part of suburban London having had a big not very happy, so they went round and started to beat argument about why she would not buy the Outspan the other family up. The fight ended up being taken oranges, which were from apartheid South Africa. It to the police station in Soweto. The police station was the great cause. commander sat the two families down and pointed to a The period in which I was most involved was when I poster on the wall—a poster of Nelson Mandela. She was a student and when I was in the National Union of said, “Listen. That man, the father of our freedom, says Students. Student politics often has a very bad name it’s okay for these women to be together. And if he says and can even be a term of abuse, but Nelson Mandela that, who are you to argue?” That sorted things out. said education is the most powerful weapon we can use That little story says it all: Nelson Mandela was a to change the world, and the United Kingdom student force for good, for decent values, for justice and, as movement played a central role in the campaign to all contributors today have said, someone from whom release Nelson Mandela and to bring an end to apartheid. we can all learn. Archbishop Trevor Huddleston said the student movement was the backbone of anti-apartheid, and Nelson Mandela 8.21 pm served as honorary president of the NUS from 1969 until his death last week. Students were absolutely Jack Dromey (Birmingham, Erdington) (Lab): Three central to the success of the boycott Barclays campaign brief stories, of Kilburn, Kingstanding and Luanda, to get the bank out of South Africa, to putting pressure are linked together by the enduring icon who is Nelson on universities and colleges to disinvest and to the Mandela. boycott of South African goods. It was very striking I was born in Kilburn, of Irish immigrant parents. that the various parts of the student movement, which Twenty-five years later, the Jamaicans arrived. Both disagreed with each other about just about everything groups met waves of prejudice. My father, seeking lodgings, else, could come together in unity and determination in was told, “No Irish. No dogs.” Twenty-five years later, the common cause to fight apartheid. the Jamaicans were told, “No blacks. No dogs.” Both A number of Members on both sides of the House communities became the bedrock in north-west London have mentioned Mike Terry. He was the first NUS of a vibrant, diverse, thriving multicultural society. executive member to have responsibility, more than People from both communities were present in 1962 at 40 years ago, for work on southern Africa. He went on Nelson Mandela’s final meeting in this country before to be secretary of the Anti-Apartheid Movement and he went back to South Africa and ultimately stood trial only once apartheid was brought down did he follow for his life. He addressed the Willesden Friendship the career for which he had trained and become a League in Kilburn high road, but hundreds of yards physics teacher. It was my pleasure to get to know him from where I was born. He enraptured the audience when he was a physics teacher at Alexandra park school that night, and I will never forget old Tom Durkin, the in Haringey in north London and I was an education president of Brent Trades Council, saying, “I have Minister. As others have said, there is enormous cynicism never met a man so optimistic in all my life.” about politics in this country and in other countries at Both communities then became the bedrock of the the moment, but anti-apartheid and the struggle to anti-apartheid movement. We look back now at that era release Nelson Mandela are surely politics at its very, and see that it was tough. It was tough for black people, very best. including in the world of work, above all in South Let me mention briefly two other issues. Several Africa, but also in this country. All too often, workplaces Members have spoken about what Nelson Mandela did were scarred by racism, which was compounded and and said about HIV and AIDS. I think it is fair to say encouraged by the naked oppression of black people in that while he was in office, tackling HIV and AIDS was South Africa. I recall one black Transport and General not a priority and, of course, his successor, President Workers Union shop steward, George, in an Irish pub Mbeki, questioned the link between HIV and AIDS. It in Kilburn high road, telling me the story of how was only after he left office that Mandela’s role changed grievously he felt having been racially abused in his and was absolutely crucial. In 2000 he said: workplace. But, he said, “I will stand up against it.” “Our country is facing a disaster of immeasurable proportions Who was his hero? It was Nelson Mandela. from HIV/AIDS.” Throughout those bitter years of the anti-apartheid He sought to break the taboo, and lives were undoubtedly movement, many of us often stood on freezing pavements saved as a direct consequence. As the Prime Minister outside South Africa house or outside supermarkets said earlier, Nelson Mandela announced that his own trying to encourage people not to buy South African 85 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 86 produce. During that time, a second battle was being 8.28 pm fought against colonialism and racism in the Portuguese colonial empire—Mozambique, Angola, Guinea-Bissau Andrew Miller (Ellesmere Port and Neston) (Lab): I and the Cape Verde Islands. I was deeply involved in do not stand here as a religious man, but I think that the that campaign. When Franco died and then Salazar the whole House would agree that Rose Hudson-Wilkin got year after, after 20 years of a liberation struggle the it exactly right on Thursday evening when, along with Portuguese colonial empire collapsed. There was a process my right hon. Friend the Member for Tottenham of rapid decolonisation. In Angola, oil and diamond-rich, (Mr Lammy), she appeared on the BBC. I think the the South Africans invaded from the south and the mood of the nation was very much on her mind. It got Zairians invaded from the north, and it was only the me thinking about some of my early involvement in the Cubans coming in to fight with the MPLA that prevented anti-apartheid struggle, which was trivial in the scale of South Africa from taking over Angola. things compared with the suffering that many people Stephen Sedley, who retired but two years ago as a faced. At the very trivial end was disrupting trade by Lord Justice of Appeal, and I were invited out there boycotting tinned fruit—we could not afford the fresh—but as friends of the liberation movement to serve on the I am also talking about causing major blockages of commission that observed the mercenary trials— supply lines, boycotting sporting links, protesting in 13 mercenaries were captured at the end of the Angolan Trafalgar square and elsewhere, and persuading one war. I will tell but one story from that experience. I major, very successful pension fund, which continues to recall one night walking with Stephen and some of the be successful, to disinvest from southern Africa. Those other commission members down the bay of Luanda. were the roles that I undertook as a trade unionist On the beach, the black soldiers from FAPLA, the activist at that time. They were a part of my political life armed wing of the MPLA, and the black Cuban soldiers that were frowned on by many of those who today join were boogying around a camp fire. We got to talk, and me in saying what a great man we have lost. one Cuban, who spoke very good English, said, “For Let me turn now to the period that formed my thinking. us, it is back to Africa. For us, it is about the memory of As a child, I heard Macmillan’s “wind of change” speech Lumumba, Mondlane and the great figures of the liberation in 1960—I only just remember it. Less than a month movement who were killed by apartheid and racism.” later, we saw the Sharpeville massacre. Then came the But he also said, “It is Angola today, it is South Africa 27-year jailing of Nelson Mandela. What he went through tomorrow. One day Nelson Mandela will be free.” and how he came out with such dignity is beyond My third, more recent story is from two months ago. comprehension. I opened the new North Birmingham in The 1970s were dominated by the death of Steve Kingstanding. That community was once scarred by Biko. In the 1980s, I was involved with the Congress of racism. I spoke to two young black pupils, one from a South African Trade Unions. I remember having visitors West Indian background and one from an African from COSATU in my house. We were obviously being background, who were discussing the experiences that trailed by South African secret service officials, even one of them and some members of their family had though BOSS was supposed to have been abolished by had. They called those who had abused them on one that time. It is a shame that the British state was a party occasion “little people”. One of the guys said, “I am to that. Then change started to occur. When it was proud to be black.” We then got into a discussion, and I announced late on 10 February 1990 that Mandela was found out that his hero was Nelson Mandela. Worldwide likely to be released, my great friend Ifor Edwards, who polls were conducted on five continents at the beginning is a general practitioner—he is also known to my right of the millennium asking who was the greatest statesman hon. Friend the Member for Delyn (Mr Hanson)—and of the 20th century. It is little wonder that every one of I decided to get in a car to be part of the great party in them said it was Nelson Mandela. Trafalgar square where Nelson’s column was quite rightly I wish to say two things in conclusion. First, I wish to renamed Mandela’s column. pay tribute to all the veterans from the bitter wilderness Last year, it was a great privilege to be with a South years, above all in South Africa: Neil and Glenys Kinnock; African Minister talking about the next generation Bob Hughes; Richard Caborn; my right hon. Friend telescope in South Africa. I was able to say to her that it the Member for Neath (Mr Hain); and a man I knew was a pleasure to see that room from the inside rather very well, a good personal friend who tragically died than from the outside. young, Mike Terry, the secretary of the anti-apartheid I want to correct the record. My hon. Friend the movement. Member for Aberdeen North (Mr Doran) got his dates Secondly, what is so remarkable about Nelson Mandela wrong when he referred to the plaque in Westminster is the sheer triumph of the human spirit. This is a man Hall, which you played a great part in securing, Mr Speaker. who endured the unendurable, who saw some of his Having started my contribution by praising a member comrades taken out and hung. This is a man who was of the support mechanism in the House, I will put in oppressed but ultimately broke the will of his oppressors. another challenge to you, Mr Speaker. On 8 September, This is a man who was jailed for three decades and then as set out at column 562 of Hansard, I had an exchange came out and forgave his jailers, in the most remarkable with the then Leader of the House, now the Government act of national reconciliation, avoiding what could otherwise Chief , in which he effectively said that the wheels have been the most immense conflagration in southern of this place turn mighty slowly. It had taken 10 years Africa. He was truly the global giant of his century. We from the tabling of the early-day motion that I put mourn his loss. Our world is a better world for Nelson down the day after Mandela came for that plaque to Mandela. But we not only mourn; we remember that arrive in this House. infectious smile, infectious optimism and infectious We need to reinforce the great work of that fantastic enthusiasm, and we smile at the memory of Nelson statesman. My hon. Friend the Member for Aberavon Mandela. (Dr Francis) has come up with one idea, which is to 87 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 88

[Andrew Miller] them a leg up or an opportunity that others do not get. When we read about Nelson Mandela’s childhood, place a great banner in the shadow Cabinet room. We however, and listen to interviews about when he was need to go further and update the plaque, reflecting the growing up, we hear that he grew up in a country that dates of Mandela’s birth and death. Finally, we must did not put any value on educating its black population. remember that Mandela is the most revered statesman He relied on charities and religious organisations with of the 20th century. He is a man who has touched us all, missionaries who set up, built and furnished schools to and who has set standards to which every politician provide him with a start in his education. He then left should aspire, but only few will reach. his community and went to Johannesburg, where he witnessed some of the worst poverty he had ever seen in 8.33 pm his life. I like to think that somebody who comes from Lilian Greenwood (Nottingham South) (Lab): There such a humble background is armed with something have been many powerful, personal and moving tributes that other people do not have when it comes to challenging this afternoon and this evening, and it has been a great authority and making a real change on behalf of the privilege and a humbling experience to listen to them. people they represent. When he was confronted with a I want to add a brief tribute to Nelson Mandela on Government who refused to budge, he knew that each behalf of my own constituents. Many people in Nottingham concession he might give in those negotiations was have already written in the book of condolence in our another injustice for the people he grew up with and city’s Council House to set down what Nelson Mandela knew so well. meant to them, to mourn his loss and to celebrate his The thing about him that touched my community life and legacy. and all of us so much was that having been through all Nelson Mandela was an inspiration to so many of us. that, having joined the freedom struggle in his country, He was an outstanding politician who achieved what, and having suffered the indignity and injustice of 27 years for so many years, seemed utterly impossible—overturning of incarceration just for having the temerity to ask for the evil of apartheid and leading South Africa’s new freedom, when he was freed he put his country first rainbow nation with exceptional grace, humour and above any personal consideration of retribution. He humility. realised that only through peace and reconciliation could he prevent his country from being destroyed for I happened to be visiting a number of local primary generations on the back of the hatred and recrimination schools on Friday so I was able to join their assemblies that would follow if he were to allow things to descend paying tribute to Nelson Mandela. The children I stood into any kind of internal conflict. The integrity and in front of were all born long after his release from intellect he applied to his politics gave the leaders of the prison; for them, the 27 years he spent in captivity is an white minority population of that country the confidence unimaginable length of time, but in each school they that this was a man to lead their country through that knew the story of Nelson Mandela’s life. They knew process of reconciliation. what he had achieved for the people of South Africa and why his fight for a free, equal and democratic When we talk about the apartheid regime, we often society was important not just for his country but for all overlook the fact that Nelson Mandela became an icon of us, too. for people who were challenging racism. He met the family of Stephen Lawrence in 1993, and he said that Those children, who reflected the wonderful diversity of the city of Nottingham, understood, as we do, that “the threat of fascism and racism is threatening the whole world”. Nelson Mandela was an absolute giant of our time, We should not forget those words. demonstrating not only dignity, courage, tolerance and The day after Nelson Mandela died, we put a message forgiveness but the need to hope when all hope seems from him in the window of our Eltham constituency lost, to stand up for what is right even when it requires office: the greatest of sacrifices and to fight injustice, even “No one is born hating another person because of the colour when success seems impossible. Nelson Mandela’s struggle, of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People must learn his victory and the way he exercised power are an to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, inspiration to us all. The greatest tribute we can pay is for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its to try to apply the lessons he taught us about how to do opposite.” politics and how to make a real difference. I can think of no greater tribute for us as Members of Parliament than to bear those words in mind when we 8.36 pm make decisions, not just on international issues confronting Clive Efford (Eltham) (Lab): I do not feel that I have us but in our communities and our society, and by anything unique to add to the debate, but as a Member having the courage of our experience that tells us what of Parliament who has been offered the opportunity to is the right thing to do on behalf of our community, pay tribute to Nelson Mandela, I do not want to miss taking forward Nelson Mandela’s legacy and the example out on the chance to put my views on the record. I want that he gave to us all. also to reflect the outpouring of grief and celebration of this man’s life that I have witnessed in my constituency. 8.40 pm Whether at religious ceremonies, in schools or community Mr David Hanson (Delyn) (Lab): It is a great mystery groups or at sports events, people have taken time to to my children that it was not until I was 33 that I saw reflect and the community has come together to recognise the face of Nelson Mandela in 1990. While I enjoyed a the passing of this extraordinary man. good life, going to primary school, secondary school When we look back through history, we see that it is and university, getting a job and developing my life, littered with people who are considered to be outstanding getting married and having children, Nelson Mandela individuals. All too often, their start in life has given spent 27 years in prison for his belief in a non-racist 89 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 90 society in which everyone had an equal vote and could discussions over the past few days have brought him contribute, and in which people felt valued for who they into our lives again in the most special of ways—so were, not what they were seen to be by others. many people across the world sharing their memories I first felt the ripples of Nelson Mandela’s influence and thoughts at the passing of a man who, in his own when I went to Hull university in 1975. I knew nothing incredible way, had touched the hearts of so many of him before then, but to meet South Africans in exile, millions in every corner of the globe. One of my both white and black, bishops and students, who had constituents, Dave Howell, wrote to me on Friday and come to the city with a message against South African said he hoped there would be an annual international oppression and about the work of Nelson Mandela in memorial day for Nelson Mandela, something I hope prison, calling on people on the other side of the world can become a reality and help to keep his memory alive to join them in their struggle to help to relieve the for future generations. pressure on lives in South Africa, was an immense Nelson Mandela was a leader who touched everyone. privilege. Like many speakers today, I did not buy Cape Everyone has a memory of meeting him or seeing him, apples or Stellenbosch wine, and I did not support the of the way he inspired them or just the way he made purchase of such goods from supermarkets. I, too, did them feel. I, too, was a child of the apartheid era. It not allow my university to profit from companies such helped shape my political consciousness. It was a time as Barclays and Reckitt and Colman that invested in of political awakening for a generation of activists who South Africa at that time. were drawn together under the umbrella of the Anti- Those were big challenges, but to people who ask Apartheid Movement. This was one of my first experiences whether it was worth it and whether anything changed, of campaigning, even before I joined the Labour party. I believe that the ripples of Nelson Mandela came to It was unbelievable to me as a school pupil in a diverse us, and we put one pebble on the roof of the apartheid place like Hounslow that there was a country in the regime, and pebbles across the world were put on that modern world that practised and sanctioned segregation roof until it fell in and Nelson Mandela was free. Those and such fundamental race inequality. I remember his were difficult times. Steve Biko was murdered in a police release, the footage of him walking to freedom—quite cell. People routinely fell out of windows, or fell downstairs; an unbelievable moment to witness, so captivating through they drowned in the bath; they were shot with a shotgun the television screen that you felt you were there. Such in the back of a vehicle for demanding the right to vote. dignity, such humility, such magnanimity. We meet today to celebrate that life and to say to the I would like to share with the House the words of people we represent, “Thank you for your small pebble Elizabeth Hughes from Feltham. Writing to others in on the roof of the apartheid regime—thank you for an e-mail this weekend, she said: your contribution.” We stand here to celebrate the life “You will also I am sure be mourning the sad loss and of someone who stood for equality of opportunity¸ for remembering the achievements of Nelson Mandela. Nelson Mandela fairness and justice, and who believed in the right to has been a symbol of hope and reconciliation, not just in South Africa but also throughout the world. I was very fortunate to vote. meet him in 1996 when he visited London that summer. It was an When I take school parties round the House of overwhelming and inspirational experience to speak to him and Commons I stop at two spots: first, the statue of Viscount then to hear him talk to the gathered crowd in Regents Park about Falkland, to which women chained themselves to get his personal debt to the people of London and the wider British votes for women, to ensure that they voted in this community who supported him on that Long Road to Freedom.” community. I will now stop, for ever and a day, as long He was not only the father of his nation, but a father as I can serve in the House, at the plaque in Westminster figure to all who struggle for justice across the world. Hall, and say to schoolchildren that I was privileged to For my generation, the struggle against apartheid is a stand in the Hall as a Member of Parliament and hear a defining one. The boycott of Barclays, Cape and other man who had given 27 years of his life in the struggle South African companies and products was citizen for freedom speak to us as a free man. I will reinforce action in pursuit of a just cause, proof that individuals for those young people the fact that he did so, not just anywhere can make a difference. for freedom and for justice but for the right for all It is significant that the Anti-Apartheid Movement people to vote as equals. was founded in 1959 in London as the Boycott Movement. That is a lesson for democracy for the future, and it In February 1960, a month before the Sharpeville massacre, is a lesson for us now. I am privileged that, although the leader of the Labour party, Hugh Gaitskell, was one I never shook hands with Nelson Mandela—he walked of the key speakers who addressed a rally in Trafalgar just past me on that great day on 11 July 1996; I was square to launch the Boycott Movement. The Labour three rows in—I saw him speak, I learned of his struggles, leader said that the boycott was a passionate protest and I put one small pebble on that roof and helped in against a repulsive doctrine that a man’s legal status, a small way, with many other people, to make South political rights, economic opportunities and social position Africa the place that it is today, and I hope to encompass shall be determined solely by the colour of his skin. the values of Mandela for future generations. There were those who opposed the boycotts, but history has proved them wrong. 8.44 pm When Nelson Mandela visited London in 1996 after his release, reports showed that the scenes in Brixton Seema Malhotra (Feltham and Heston) (Lab/Co-op): and everywhere he visited were akin to Beatlemania. I am grateful for the opportunity to speak on behalf of His address to the Labour party conference in 2000 was my constituents in this incredibly special tribute debate. a time I will never forget. It was such a privilege to be I could scarcely believe the breaking news on Thursday there—a time when he thanked those in the Anti-Apartheid night. It was a moment when the world stopped. South Movement and the men and women in the Labour Africa had lost the father of its nation. The world had party who had given his struggle political expression lost a very special leader and friend. But the debate and and fought so unceasingly for an end to apartheid. 91 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 92

[Seema Malhotra] South Africans, to their will to see change in their country and to the thousands of anti-apartheid campaigners It is entirely fitting that a statue of Nelson Mandela across the world and in the UK, including many in this should stand in Parliament square, alongside Winston House from whom we have heard today. That activism Churchill, Abraham Lincoln and Lloyd George. The shaped my childhood. I want to say to each of those floral tributes I saw there today, and the queues and who took part in that struggle that for my generation books of condolence set up across the country, are they were an example. They set a standard of solidarity proof of the deep affection of the British people towards that we try to meet. At the time when apartheid reigned, Mandela. Long after we are all gone, the statue of certain alliances and geopolitical interests prevented Nelson Mandela in Parliament square, the statue at the some who could have acted from doing so. We must Royal Festival hall, and the many buildings and spaces constantly challenge ourselves not to repeat that mistake. named after him will be a reminder of a great man’s life My reason for speaking is not least to talk about the and struggle and his impact on Britain. There is also the contribution of a constituent of mine from Heswall. He remembrance of others who fought apartheid, such as happens to have been my history teacher at Wirral Steve Biko, after whom Steve Biko way in Hounslow is many years ago. He was my teacher named. from my first year at school, and he also taught my The lessons of Mandela’s extraordinary political career sister. Bill McCaig’s hallmark as a teacher was his are simple enough: that no system of repression and friendliness and enthusiasm. We all knew that about dictatorship can stand resolute in the face of mass him, but what we never knew at the time, which we resistance and opposition; that politics is the best answer found out only recently, was his role in supporting the to injustice; and that when the battle has been won, the ANC in its fight against the vicious apartheid regime. right course for sustainable peace and progress is to Today we are rightly telling Nelson Mandela’s story, seek truth and reconciliation. To move from a system of and that of the whole movement. Bill was politically apartheid to one of non-racial government in the space involved and, like many from Liverpool, he was also a of a few months, and without reprisals or revenge, is a seaman. It was through those political and professional testament not only to one South African, but to all links that he became part of a secret network of people South Africans. It is a peace that has lasted. linked to the ANC who, during some of the darkest Today we stand in solidarity with the people of South years, when ANC leaders were all locked away, chose to Africa. We join them in mourning the passing of a great keep the struggle alive. The ANC needed people who man and joyfully celebrating a great life. South Africa is would not be suspected to go to South Africa to distribute a better place because of Nelson Mandela. The world leaflets and give hope that the ANC would not be is a better place because of Nelson Mandela. This crushed. House, and the whole world, extends its love and thoughts Bill is a scouser, but when asked to carry out dangerous to the family of Nelson Mandela at this time. work for South Africa, for people he barely knew and in Several hon. Members rose— a continent far from home, he answered the call. He used his position as a seaman to get to South Africa to Mr Speaker: Order. If colleagues can confine themselves distribute materials, pass information from the ANC in to three-minute speeches, it should be possible to get London, and take part in other operations. Along with everybody in, which is my only ambition for the rest of many, many others, he put his freedom in jeopardy for this evening. the greater good. When I asked him why he did this, he said, “Well, I wouldn’t have done it if I didn’t think that 8.50 pm in the end we would win.” The idea that history was on their side sustained him and his comrades. To me, this Alison McGovern (Wirral South) (Lab): It is a great is what Madiba taught us. When we stand in solidarity honour to speak in this debate and to follow some truly across national borders, we make progress in human brilliant speeches, not least the one we have just heard dignity. When we refuse to accept that our moral empathy from my hon. Friend the Member for Feltham and Heston ends at our country’s border post, we all gain in human (Seema Malhotra). I want to make a brief contribution happiness. on behalf of my constituents as a tribute to Madiba and, in doing so, to pay tribute to a political idea: the idea of When talking to my old history teacher in recent solidarity, a belief in togetherness and a belief that all days, Bill also said to me that attempts to deify Mandela we need to end injustice are open eyes and political will. should be resisted. Mandela was an acutely aware politician, It has been said that Nelson Mandela was a politician, and he knew that a successful country must be united. and he was. In fact, he was perhaps the best politician We are all the same, and given the right principles we all there has ever been. He wrote in 1969: have the capacity to show love and care for one another. White people’s talents and skills were also needed in “A new world will be won not by those who stand at a distance with their arms folded, but by those who are in the arena, whose South Africa. garments are torn by storms and whose bodies are maimed in the In 2005 Mandela came to London to teach us once course of the contest. Honour belongs to those who never forsake again. I stood in the crowds, one face among thousands, the truth even when things seem dark and grim, who try over and staring up at our very great hero. When the music over again”. played at the end of his speech, I remember him dancing. I read those words, which were written in prison, and He came on that occasion with an important message know that however rough the path we travel, we must for us all—that the tyranny and oppression of poverty keep going. must end. The lesson I take from this is that people are I want to speak briefly about the contribution made the same the world over. I recently read a note Mandela to Mandela’s struggle, and that of South Africa, by a wrote in 1993 in which he describes his priority before constituent of mine, but first let me pay tribute to the he became President. He said about his people: 93 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 94

“Specifically we must get them houses and put to an end many UK cities that paid homage to Nelson Mandela informal settlements; end unemployment, school crisis, lack of by offering him the freedom of the city, which he gave medical facilities.” us the honour of accepting. That award from Edinburgh Jobs, health, education: what we all want for each other. came fairly late in the day—much later, I am afraid, Let that be Mandela’s legacy. than that from our friends in Glasgow—because Edinburgh city council required a two-thirds majority to grant 8.56 pm someone freedom of the city and at the time the award Susan Elan Jones (Clwyd South) (Lab): I feel supremely was first suggested in the 1980s, as an act of solidarity, unqualified to speak in this debate having followed the council chamber did not, to put it tactfully, share people of such great knowledge and campaigning experience the same political consensus on Nelson Mandela’s virtues in the Anti-Apartheid Movement. I think especially of as that shared by this Chamber today. my right hon. Friend the Member for Neath (Mr Hain), I am glad to say that when the freedom of the city that great South African Welsh—if I may call him was proposed some years later, shortly before the 1997 that—internationalist. Commonwealth Heads of Government meeting in The main reason I am speaking is that I promised Edinburgh, the council agreed unanimously that it should primary school pupils—my constituents—at Ysgol Bro be offered to Nelson Mandela, and President Mandela, Dyfrdwy in Cynwyd that I would do so. On Friday I as he then was, found the time to accept the award in was privileged to take part in their school assembly and person when he attended that Commonwealth meeting. to hear their tributes to Nelson Mandela. The thought Although that freedom of the city came late, I can say came to me that many tributes will be televised and with pride that we did not have to wait as long for the many people—the great and the good—will be speaking support given by many of the people of Edinburgh to at them, but there are tributes and memorials all over the Anti-Apartheid Movement. Like many communities our nation and all over our world that will not be up and down the country, many people in Edinburgh recorded in the history books but will be equally heartfelt, gave their support in many ways to the campaign against sincere and well made. apartheid. It is fitting to remember those in the Anti-Apartheid I want to mention three groups in particular. First, Movement across the villages and small towns of England, the Scottish trade unions, particularly the National Wales and the rest of the United Kingdom. We have Union of Mineworkers, headquartered in Edinburgh, heard the great stories of struggle in London and our played a leading role—similar to that played by the large cities, but we also need to remember that through union in Wales, as mentioned by my hon. Friend the the great grassroots organisations across our country—the Member for Aberavon (Dr Francis)—in the Anti-Apartheid trade unions and the churches—petitions were signed Movement in Scotland. As in Wales, the Scottish churches outside small branches of banks and people walked played a leading role in the movement. I should also from door to door urging a boycott. Like my hon. mention the Scottish academics and students, not least Friend the Member for Aberavon (Dr Francis), I pay those of Edinburgh university, who were at the forefront great tribute to those people and to the Welsh Anti- of the disinvestment campaign, in which my right hon. Apartheid Movement and its work in the campaigning Friend the Member for Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath struggle across Wales. (Mr Brown) also played an important part. I would like to offer a short reflection on the Truth Edinburgh also became home to many exiles from and Reconciliation Commission. There has been a great South Africa during the apartheid years, no doubt deal of talk about forgiveness and reconciliation as because of those historic links and solidarity. In many though they are natural phenomena, but I do not cases, they were political activists who would, of course, believe they are. One thing that the great struggle of have faced heavy penalties if they had conducted that Nelson Mandela proved was that forgiveness and activity in South Africa. They took part in, and inspired reconciliation are not just moral or spiritual truths, and others to join, anti-apartheid campaigns in Edinburgh certainly not just abstract concepts; they were viewed and elsewhere. Some of those South African exiles still as an absolute necessity for the change that needed live in Edinburgh. Although they will no doubt be in to happen. mourning, they will also be immensely proud of what I pay great tribute to you, Mr Speaker, for the honesty Nelson Mandela did in his life for the country and for you have shown in saying that you got it wrong on the the world. As one of Edinburgh’s representatives in this apartheid issue. I have to confess that once upon a time Chamber, it is a great privilege and honour to have been I stood waving a placard outside the university of able to offer my tribute to him today. Bristol union against someone who was viewed as a very right-wing member of the Federation of Conservative 9.2 pm Students. I could not possibly name that person; suffice it to say that I think he looks rather better sat in a green Debbie Abrahams (Oldham East and Saddleworth) chair and wearing a tie with the (Lab): Thank you for calling me to speak, Mr Speaker. I on it. reiterate what other Members have said: this has been an exceptional debate and I am really grateful to be able Mr Speaker: Yes, I fear it was on 23 October 1986; to take part in it. I remember it only too well. I am grateful to the My husband John was born in Cape Town, South hon. Lady, I am sure, for reminding me. Africa in 1952, during the apartheid era. He is a man of mixed-race and under the apartheid racial classification 8.59 pm system he was defined as a Cape coloured. The daily Mark Lazarowicz (Edinburgh North and Leith) (Lab/ indignities that he, his family and countless millions of Co-op): I am glad to have a chance to say a few words in other South Africans had to face had a profound effect tribute to Nelson Mandela. Edinburgh was one of the on him: where he lived, the school he went to—not only 95 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 96

[Debbie Abrahams] 9.7 pm Barry Gardiner (Brent North) (Lab): How fitting that were schools segregated; he was not allowed to start this day of all days in Parliament should have begun until he was seven years old—and the buses and trains with prayers led by the Rev. Rose Hudson-Wilkin, the on which he was allowed to travel all had a tremendous first black woman to become Speaker’s Chaplain. I am impact on him. He talked very movingly recently at an grateful to you, Mr Speaker, for allowing me to speak in Oldham school that he visited with me. He recounted this debate, but I am grateful even more to colleagues the time when a young black man was involved in a on both sides of the House for the privilege of listening road traffic accident. An ambulance came, but it was to their reflections on Nelson Mandela and the inspiration a white-only ambulance. They refused to treat him, that they have drawn from his life. went away and the young man died. Relationships were, of course, monitored. People were At the time of the South African Barbarians rugby not allowed to marry outside their racial group. We tour of 1979, my wife Caroline and I were young were not able to go back to South Africa until after the newlyweds, and I remember that we made the journey elections when Mandela came to power. only a few weeks into our marriage to protest against the tour. We were not politically sophisticated—my The great love of my husband’s life was cricket. colleagues will no doubt attest to the fact that not much Obviously, he had not met me at that time, although I has changed—but we recognised the simple injustice of think he would probably still say that cricket is the great apartheid and we had to express our revulsion to it. love of his life! Sport was used to undermine people. John and his family, including his mum and dad, played I was privileged in 2006 to be shown into Mandela’s in the street with sticks. There were no cricket clubs; cell on Robben Island by , the youngest they were segregated. In spite of that, John’s dad, Cec, of the defendants in the Rivonia trial. He allowed me a along with Basil D’Oliveira, was selected to play for few quiet moments to reflect on the 27 years of my life South Africa, but for a non-white South Africa. These that had passed since going on that first demonstration—the dehumanising experiences had a profound effect on same period that Mandela had spent in that cell. It was John and millions of others. profoundly humbling. John felt much guilt at escaping from the horrors of I am here today not to express my personal reminiscences, apartheid when he came to live in this country in 1962, but to express the respect of my constituents who feel leaving others, including family members, to continue that their lives are enlarged by the knowledge that they the struggle. His cousin was imprisoned during the have lived at the same time as Mandela. My borough regime, and that bore heavily on her life and that of of Brent is perhaps the most diverse place in Europe, the family. and perhaps it is for that reason that it was the first to honour Mandela by naming a street after him. Brent For John and countless others Nelson Mandela stood understands his essential message that people of different as a beacon of hope. His drive for democracy and equality race and different belief can and must live alongside for all races was unrelenting, but what made him one of one another. the most exceptional human beings of all time was that, in spite of all that he had been deprived of, the physical It is said that power corrupts, but the truth is that and emotional trauma that he was put through, he power reveals. It allows the powerful to show their true embraced that without bitterness or recrimination. It nature. The reason that power seems to corrupt is that would have been so easy and understandable to have too often it reveals the corrupt nature of those who gain responded to that in a different way. I have no doubt power. The glory of Nelson Mandela is that power that the relatively smooth transition from white minority revealed in him not rancour and bitterness but the rule to democratic South Africa was down to him. extraordinary noble nature, the great soul of one who had suffered and not forgotten the purpose to which he Many people have said that Mandela made them had dedicated his life—the dignity of all human beings want to do better and be better, and that is absolutely and their right to justice. right. As much as he saw the goodness in others, we recognised the goodness in him. He was an archetypal 9.9 pm leader, living the values he espoused with dignity, humility and honour, trying to make South Africa, and in turn Chris Ruane (Vale of Clwyd) (Lab): I want to thank the world, a better place. you, Mr Speaker, for clearing the parliamentary decks The world is a better place as a result of Nelson today to allow us to pay tribute to Nelson Mandela. I Mandela. We have much to be grateful to him for and to offer condolences to his family and to the people of learn from him. But it is far from perfect. Britain is still South Africa from the people of the Vale of Clwyd, a very unequal country. Hon. Members on both sides whom I represent. I did not meet Nelson Mandela. of the House have been sincere in recognising his I have no photograph of Nelson Mandela. I have not strengths and values, but words ring hollow if they are even been in the same room as Nelson Mandela. The not followed up by action. I urge all hon. Members to one connection I have with him is that we shared the consider that. It is unacceptable in this country in same birthday—18 July—although I was born a lot this day and age that one in four young black men are later than he was. That birthday is also shared by Fiona unemployed, and one in 14 young white men are Owen, the daughter of my hon. Friend the Member for unemployed. We must do something about such inequalities. Ynys Môn (Albert Owen). They persist even across groups with the same educational Tributes have been paid across all the nations and attainment levels. We must redouble our efforts to build regions of the United Kingdom. I want to emphasise a fairer, more just society. It would be an insult to the role that Wales, and particularly my area of Wales, Mandela’s memory not to do so. Madiba, with love and played in the struggle against apartheid. The Welsh gratitude, rest well. trade unions and the mining and steel communities 97 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 98 played a great role, linking up with COSATU—the 9.14 pm Congress of South African Trade Unions. Glenys and Toby Perkins (Chesterfield) (Lab): I am tremendously Neil Kinnock also played a big part, as did that adopted privileged to pay my own tribute. What I have to say son of Wales, my right hon. Friend the Member for feels inadequate in the light of the gargantuan contributions Neath (Mr Hain), along with Hanif Bhamjee, the organiser of some of my right hon. Friends, but it is important to of the Anti-Apartheid Movement in Wales, and the me, on behalf of the people of Chesterfield, to have a Welsh Churches. few moments to reflect on our admiration for Nelson My hon. Friend the Member for Clwyd South (Susan Mandela, as shown by the books of condolence that Elan Jones) has pointed out that it was not only in have been signed in Chesterfield town hall while we the great cities of Cardiff, Glasgow and London that have been speaking. I congratulate my right hon. Friends the struggle took place. It took place in the small towns the Members for Doncaster North (Edward Miliband), of my constituency, including the market town of Denbigh. for Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath (Mr Brown) and for The Anti-Apartheid Movement there was set up by Neath (Mr Hain) on their speeches, which I found deeply Pat Bowker, Barbara Manley, Norman and Lynda Roberts, moving and incredibly powerful. Dai Cuba and Dai Jones. In 1986, the Anti-Apartheid Mandela’s massive contribution to the world was not Movement in Rhyl was set up by a dynamic, principled just, as the Prime Minister acknowledged, as and dedicated young woman called Gill Roberts. She did such a good job that I married her seven years later. “a pivotal figure in the history of South Africa”, There were others, including Jeff Blythin, a local folk but as someone who gave a wider example to humankind singer who helped to raise funds for the Anti-Apartheid of forgiveness, bravery, tolerance and self-sacrifice in Movement, his wife, Janet Blythin, who was our banner pursuit of higher ideals. Other hon. Members have maker, Jane Thomas and many others. We were involved spoken about the role played by this country in the best in activities such as trolley bashes and boycotts, we and the worst of South Africa’s history. invited ANC speakers down and we organised petitions I know how many from Chesterfield were involved in and leaflets and press releases, as well as raising much- their own way in the British arm of the struggle against needed funds for the ANC. apartheid. I remember my mother moving her bank Nelson Mandela has taught us many lessons, and the account from Barclays, as many opponents of apartheid principal one is that of reconciliation. I believe that, if did, and the numerous tiny gestures made by so many enough attention were paid to the matter, what he did people, which all maintained the pressure of the world for blacks and whites in South Africa could also be against the idea that South Africa’s way of operating done for Shi’as and Sunnis, for Christians and Muslims, was normal or acceptable. We remember the huge message for Jews and Palestinians and, in our own country, for sent around the world by the 70th birthday concert at Protestants and Catholics. Wembley, and we know how important the sporting boycotts, from the D’Oliveira affair to the bans for Nelson Mandela has also taught us excellent lessons cricketers who played in South Africa, were for a proud in leadership. Many of us in this House have inflated sporting nation such as South Africa. It was therefore egos—[HON.MEMBERS: “Never”!] I do not count myself so uplifting that Mandela should have recognised the among them, of course. We can all learn from his huge role of the Springboks in the psyche of white self-deprecation, his accessibility, his humour and his South Africa. By extending the arm of friendship to, capacity for forgiveness. He combated bigotry not only and supporting, the 1995 Springbok team that famously in fighting apartheid but in standing up for gay rights won the rugby world cup, he showed the tremendous and for people with AIDS. gift of forgiveness, which will be his enduring legacy. Nelson Mandela was also a role model as a father. Long after all those who remember apartheid have Tributes have been paid to his roles as a freedom fighter, gone, his example will shine through the pages of history. a statesman and a politician, but he also played a great As I reflect on Britain’s role in the history of South role as a father, a grandfather and a great-grandfather. Africa, I recall from my childhood my parents’ friends He was also a father to his nation and to many of us Mike and Jeanette Murphy, who fled from house arrest around the world. He said: in apartheid South Africa, where Mike worked as a “Our deepest fear is not that we are inadequate. Our deepest trade union secretary for the black Transport and General fear is that we are powerful beyond measure. It is our light, not Workers Union, as well as their tales of life under the our darkness that most frightens us. We ask ourselves, Who am I regime. I well remember Jeanette’s pride in and sorrow to be brilliant, gorgeous, talented, fabulous? Actually, who are you not to be? You are a child of God. Your playing small does for the beautiful country that they had been forced to not serve the world. There is nothing enlightened about shrinking leave, and that was very powerful for me in my formative so that other people won’t feel insecure around you. We are all years. I also remember the sense of frustration that while meant to shine, as children do. We were born to make manifest so many British people opposed apartheid, our Government the glory of God that is within us. It’s not just in some of us; it’s in provided the regime with a cover of authenticity and everyone. And as we let our own light shine, we unconsciously defence. give other people permission to do the same. As we are liberated from our own fear, our presence automatically liberates others.” More than anything else, my reflections are on Mandela the icon—the generous hero, whose memory we are so I was a teacher for 15 years before becoming an MP, proud to recall today, and whose example will inspire us and I think that if his political philosophy of peace, for many decades to come. reconciliation, forgiveness and equality can be matched with his educational and parenting philosophy of the 9.17 pm uniqueness, individuality and brilliance of each and every one of us, there is a much greater chance of our Huw Irranca-Davies (Ogmore) (Lab): After so many providing the future Nelson Mandelas that this world brilliant speeches, I have the humble task of presenting so desperately needs. the thanks of the constituents of Ogmore for, frankly, 99 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 100

[Huw Irranca-Davies] a tunnel. That foam was banned in other mines around the world, but such was the contempt that the owners of a towering figure of the 20th century, who faced the the gold mines in South Africa had for their workers most extreme adversity and was prepared to live and, as that those 177 miners were just the latest figure. The we have heard, to die in fighting the evil oppression of number would reach 96,000 people between 1900 and apartheid, while also being outspoken in the defence 1993. A British miner who worked at the mine said: of many other oppressed people throughout the world. “They didn’t stand a chance—they were trapped by the smoke.” Nelson Mandela was very human—flawed in the way They were killed “where they stood”. The leader of the that we are both blessed and cursed to be, and open to union at that time, Cyril Ramaphosa, said: doubts, despair and errors, as we all are—but he never “We are horrified that this type of accident can take place in wavered from his central mission to remove the stain of this day and age in the mining industry. In our view we are apartheid from South Africa. In doing so, he went further obviously back to the dark ages of mining—and there doesn’t and reminded all of us flawed individuals that we can seem to be much improvement in safety standards”. strive to be our better selves, the people we want to be What compounded the disaster was that the owners and the embodiment of the society we want to create. of the mine delayed the announcement that it had We have to learn and re-learn those lessons anew happened. They then refused to name the 177 individuals each time we face oppression and cruelty or attacks on and instead announced them by ethnic group. They freedom and equality. The continued oppression of so were Zulu or Bantu. Such was the contempt that people many people in so many countries and regions around were not even named when they died. That contempt the world is a continuing reminder that such battles for was further compounded when the union asked to hold freedom, equality and tolerance will continue, and that a memorial service. It was banned from doing so in we should never turn away and never be silent. South Africa. I am proud that, even though we should Yet Nelson Mandela showed time and again that not have had to do it, the National Union of Mineworkers, victory and success are found not just in how people of which I was a member at the time, smuggled Cyril battle their oppressors, but in how they seek the peace Ramaphosa out of South Africa and held a memorial and rebuilding of a nation. After 27 years of captivity service in Sheffield cathedral. The great role that that and isolation, after his release and his subsequent electoral city played was mentioned by my hon. Friend the success, and at every moment at which he might Member for Sheffield Central (Paul Blomfield). That understandably have sought vengeance, he sought only should not have been necessary, but it is a tribute to truth and reconciliation. In place of hubris, there was ordinary working people around the world that they did humility. In the early days after apartheid, when he and such things. the ANC could have turned against their former oppressors, I will talk briefly about some of the people in this he urged them to turn towards them and to work country who worked for South Africa. The leader of my together for a better collective future. The magnitude of party said earlier that there are millions of names that that magnanimity is incredible, even today. It is compelling we do not know. I want to mention four names: John evidence of the tactical and visionary leadership of McFadden, a Glaswegian, Rita Donaghy, now Baroness Nelson Mandela. Donaghy, and Ralph Gayton, who are three former presidents of my union, Unison, and its predecessor, I had the privilege, like many Labour MPs, of seeing the National and Local Government Officers Association, Nelson Mandela speak at the Labour conference. He and Jan Stockwell, who was an international officer carried the expectations of a nation on his back. No of the same union. They spent weeks in 1984 going matter how strong the frame, that is a weight that could to Johannesburg, Durban and Cape Town. They took break lesser men. What is not often remarked upon is travellers cheques to that country, cashed them and put his humour—a bright and infectious easy-going humour. the money in the hands of ordinary men and women so Despite having had the most grotesque and extreme that they could build and organise trade unions. of life’s Kafkaesque travails visited upon him and his fellow men, women and children in South Africa—or That trade union movement was there all the time to perhaps because of that—he came through it all with an support the struggle against apartheid and it was there optimism that people are capable of the greatness, when Mandela came out of jail. That provided a network compassion, kindness and collective good will that will that he could build on. That is where he got his strength ultimately defeat the terror of the darkest night. from when he came out of jail. It was on that group of people that he built the democratic society that we Flawed as we are, we are capable of far better than we know today. The TUC in this country gave Nelson imagine. We can be better than we think we are. That is Mandela a gold medal in absentia and launched a perhaps the greatest and the most enduring global major campaign, working with the boycott campaign. legacy of Nelson Mandela. Rodney Bickerstaffe, who was the general secretary of Unison and the National Union of Public Employees, 9.21 pm visited Mandela in jail and brought back a smuggled Mr David Anderson (Blaydon) (Lab): My right hon. tape, which was played at the TUC conference. When Friend the Member for Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath millions of people do the right thing, it is the epitome of (Mr Brown) said that Mandela hated to be classed as a what trade unions and ordinary working people can do saint. What he wanted to be was a sinner who was helping when they come together. Nelson Mandela was hugely others. I will talk about some of the people he tried to proud of and grateful to trade unionists across the help in his country while he was in prison and about world, and he identified himself clearly as one of them. some of the people around the world who helped him. In closing, I wish to refer to a quotation that has been On 16 September 1986, 177 miners were killed at the mentioned at least twice today, most recently by my Kinross gold mine in the Eastern Transvaal when a hon. Friend the Member for Eltham (Clive Efford). welder’s spark ignited plastic foam lining the wall of Nelson Mandela said that people can be taught to love 101 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 102 in the same way that they can learn to hate. Showing 100 years’ time, the story of Nelson Mandela will be international trade union solidarity, that quote is on the known and repeated by schoolchildren around the US Labour Against the War website. Ordinary people world when many other people are forgotten. It is a are coming together to support a great man who really story of religious proportions. It is the story of a man made a change in the lives of other ordinary people. who resisted the injustice of people not having rights or votes on the basis of their skin colour, who was 9.25 pm imprisoned simply for his principles rather than for a Nia Griffith (Llanelli) (Lab): Today in the Chamber, crime, and who emerged from incarceration 27 years and over the past few days, we have heard many moving later not embittered but enlightened, offering the hand tributes to Nelson Mandela from across the world. We of friendship and partnership to his captors and have heard about his amazing humanity in spite of oppressors—an act of forgiveness that avoided a future his 27-year imprisonment, his humility in spite of his bathed in blood. We have already heard this quotation extraordinary leadership qualities and worldwide stature, today, but I think that in 100 years people will still be and his forgiveness for and reconciliation with those reading and saying: who prosecuted and imprisoned him. Those are the “No one is born hating another person because of the colour qualities that we remember and revere. of his skin, his background, or his religion. People must learn Those of us of my generation who were at university to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, in the ’70s first heard of Nelson Mandela through for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its the anti-apartheid movement. That is in contrast with opposite.” the fact that in 2005, my niece became a member of a Mandela was born on 18 July 1918, which happened class and a house named after Mandela at her school. to be six days before the birth of my father, whose own In my day, in the ’70s, the movement was still quite father died when he was 12, as did Mandela’s. Other frowned upon. As my right hon. Friend the Member for global events were taking place at the time. John F. Holborn and St Pancras (Frank Dobson) said, we often Kennedy was born in the preceding year, and in 1960, wondered whether we would ever make any difference when he stood for the presidency, he did so largely on a through the various demonstrations and rallies in which platform of racial integration. That was the year in we were involved, through calling for trade sanctions which I was born, and it was the tragic year in which and disinvestment in South African, through trying to 67 people were massacred in Sharpeville. They were persuade fellow students to boycott Barclays bank or innocent black protesters, and many were shot in the through looking at where oranges came from before back. That was the point at which Mandela moved buying them, not to mention through the higher-profile away from protest that involved no direct action and sporting campaigns. towards violent protest and sabotage, and the point at Of course, most of us who have not visited South which the ANC was criminalised. Mandela took that Africa could scarcely comprehend the second and third- action to focus the world’s attention on South Africa hand accounts that we heard of the day-to-day reality and the need for democracy and human rights, and of apartheid—the indignity, the harassment, the oppression, some 200 acts took place during that period. the denial of opportunity, the entrenched inequality, Meanwhile, in the State of the Union address, JFK the violence and the struggle. was calling for the right of black people in America The most extraordinary thing about Nelson Mandela to vote, and the mood of the world was beginning to was his ability and capacity to drive forgiveness and change. In 1962, when Nelson Mandela was arrested, reconciliation. If some Members have found it difficult the great majority of people thought that he would be today to listen to those who they feel condoned the executed. Nine out of 10 white people thought that he apartheid regime, actively or tacitly, they should think was just a terrorist, and very few knew that he was an about how much more difficult it was for him not just to attorney. It took the some three weeks to reach show personal forgiveness for all the suffering that he his conclusion, partly—as was pointed out by my right had endured but to inspire others to come together and hon. Friend the Member for Neath—because of the work together to overcome deeply entrenched attitudes demands for clemency, and partly because of the calculation of hatred, violence and the temptation to seek revenge. that his execution would trigger an awful bloodbath. The way in which Nelson Mandela went on to lead As we heard from my hon. Friend the Member for his country, and then to change attitudes towards HIV Walsall North (Mr Winnick), it took 25 years—until and AIDS and work on the world stage, was amazing. Mandela’s 70th birthday—for us to witness a crescendo He was able to come from oppression to lead constructive in the calls for his release. At the age of 18, I was at that reconciliation. The most important way in which we famous concert, singing along to “Free Nelson Mandela” can pay tribute to him is to continue to challenge and supporting the cause. It was not until 1990 that injustice wherever we see it, both in our own country Mandela was released, and famously said in response to and across the world, particularly, as many Members the impending civil war between the ANC and other have mentioned, in the middle east. We should seek to black groups: reach out and speak to those on both sides of conflict, “Take your guns, your knives…and throw them into the sea.” even if that seems an impossible task. The message of Nelson Mandela’s very, very long walk to freedom and It must be remembered that his principles were applied his remarkable optimism in the face of tremendous to black and white alike, some of whom would have adversity is that change is possible. wanted to see a violent end to what was a very long-lasting conflict. 9.29 pm As we all know, in 1994 Mandela was elected President. Geraint Davies (Swansea West) (Lab/Co-op): The I find it very interesting that a person’s opinions can people of Swansea Bay city region and Neath have change and mature over 27 years, and that such a change been supporting this cause for more than 50 years. In can actually change the future of the world. 103 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 104

[Geraint Davies] We had the self-effacing contribution from the right hon. Member for Ross, Skye and Lochaber (Mr Kennedy), This was a man who kept going day after day, year who let us know that he had been mistaken for Nigel after year, in incarceration, driven by ideals, not thinking Kennedy and subsequently airbrushed out of photographs of himself and with no fear for himself. This was a man of meetings with the great man. We heard from the hon. who said: Member for Thirsk and Malton (Miss McIntosh) who “Do not judge me by my successes, judge me by how many talked about the release of Mandela from jail being one times I fell down and got back up again.” of those pivotal moments in history. We heard from He was a true global hero of his time. This is my favourite the right hon. and learned Member for North East Fife quotation: (Sir Menzies Campbell) about the importance of the “Like slavery and apartheid, poverty is…man-made and can sports boycott, and from the hon. Member for Moray be…eradicated by the actions of human beings.” (Angus Robertson) about the importance of Glasgow’s He also said: anti-apartheid campaigning. The hon. Member for North “For to be free is not merely to cast off one’s chains, but to live West Norfolk (Mr Bellingham) admitted that the in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others.” Conservatives were not exactly on the right side of the The spirit of Mandela lives on. Let us live our lives true struggle against apartheid. to that spirit. We heard from the hon. Member for Northampton North (Michael Ellis), who noted the extraordinary 9.34 pm absence of resentment and bitterness in Mandela’s response. Ms Angela Eagle (Wallasey) (Lab): So far, 68 right We heard also from the right hon. Member for Bermondsey hon. and hon. Members have spoken in this day of and Old Southwark (Simon Hughes) who talked about tributes to Nelson Mandela, and there will be two his experiences visiting the destroyed Crossroads settlement, more, taking us up to 70. I thank you, Mr Speaker, for and also from the hon. Member for Worthing West allowing this to happen: it was an entirely fitting tribute (Sir Peter Bottomley). The hon. Member for Mid Norfolk after the death of the pre-eminent statesman of our age. (George Freeman) said that Mandela was a politician I also look forward to the event that you have allowed who answered the test of political leadership and was a to be organised in Westminster Hall, where members of shining example of what we can all aspire to. the public who have contributed so much to the battles We heard, too, from the right hon. Member for that we have heard about today will have their chance to Saffron Walden (Sir Alan Haselhurst), the hon. Member remember the struggles against the apartheid regime for Bournemouth East (Mr Ellwood), the right hon. and to remember the life of Nelson Mandela. Member for Croydon South (Richard Ottaway) and We have heard many heartfelt speeches and observations the hon. Members for Cheltenham (Martin Horwood) in today’s tributes to the life and achievements of Nelson and for Banbury (Sir Tony Baldry), and the hon. Member Mandela. He was clearly the pre-eminent politician and for Worcester (Mr Walker) who talked about the important freedom fighter of his generation and of the many role played by Basil D’Oliveira, who was a constituent generations that followed in his long life of service and of his, and what happened to him. We heard from the sacrifice. He was a worthy hero of our age whose life right hon. Member for Eddisbury (Mr O’Brien) about spanned great and profound changes in Africa as it his personal contributions to the anti-apartheid struggle, moved from colonial domination to self-determination. and we heard from the right hon. Member for Gordon In an era when notoriety and celebrity rest on trivial (Sir Malcolm Bruce) and the hon. Members for Ribble foundations, Mandela’s worldwide fame and popularity Valley (Mr Evans) and for Birmingham, Yardley (John were of a wholly different and much more profound Hemming). order. We have heard today from those who met him and We have also had some magnificent tributes from were able to work with him through the tough and those on the Opposition Benches, in particular from desperate times as well as in the times of triumph, my right hon. Friend the Member for Kirkcaldy and constitutional shaping and reconciliation after he was Cowdenbeath (Mr Brown), who made a magnificent released from prison. We had three heartfelt and extremely speech at the beginning of our tributes, whose references good initial contributions to our tributes today from ranged from Shakespeare to Amy Winehouse and the Prime Minister, his deputy and my right hon. Friend who emphasised the belief that no injustice can last for the Leader of the Opposition, who pointed out the ever, and from my right hon. Friend the Member for transforming power of politics that Mandela exemplified Neath (Mr Hain), who brought his unique perspective, by his life and conduct. We have heard of the leading outlining in all its banality the evil precision of apartheid, role of students, trade unions and churches in the and the connection between his family and the battle to movement to end the stain of apartheid in South Africa, end it. many of which have been highlighted in the tributes My right hon. Friend the Member for Derby South today. (Margaret Beckett) reminded us that Mandela was a We heard from the right hon. and learned Member politician and party leader who was engaged in politics. for Kensington (Sir Malcolm Rifkind), who told us of This theme was taken up by other Members, who his experience as Foreign Secretary at the time that mentioned that in an era when politics is a dirty word change was beginning to happen. We heard a particularly we must remember the transforming potential of political great speech from the right hon. Member for North change to make a difference in a good way to how East Bedfordshire (Alistair Burt), who was gracious societies develop and to bring about change. enough to ensure that the words of Peter Pike, the My right hon. Friend the Member for Holborn ex-Labour MP for Burnley and stalwart of the Anti- and St Pancras (Frank Dobson), who represents the Apartheid Movement, were heard in this House on constituency in which the Anti-Apartheid Movement this day. was founded in 1959, was very involved in the many 105 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 106 campaigns against the injustice of apartheid and made a remembered so profoundly. My hon. Friend the Member profound observation when he said Mandela made for York Central (Hugh Bayley) made the important racists look pathetic. point that the role that Africans played in South Africa My right hon. Friend the Member for Leicester East in their own liberation was the crucial one, and that a (Keith Vaz) reminded us of what an inspiration Mandela lot of the work done in solidarity outside this place and was for many in this world. My right hon. Friend the in this country was helpful but not central to the battle Member for Leeds Central (Hilary Benn) said it was for liberation which was won. hard to find words to do justice to what Mandela had My hon. Friend the Member for Ynys Môn (Albert achieved in his extraordinary life, with his calm, dignified Owen) said that the segregation and race hatred experienced and resolute approach. He was followed by my hon. by his black friends when he went to see them taught Friend the Member for Walsall North (Mr Winnick) him the realities of apartheid. The hon. Member for who reminded us of Steve Biko, who was murdered in Foyle (Mark Durkan) brought us an important Irish police custody, as were many other fighters for freedom perspective on the struggle. My hon. Friend the Member involved in the battle to end apartheid. for Aberdeen North (Mr Doran) also talked about Bob Hughes, rightly putting on the record the great work My hon. Friend the Member for Sheffield Central that he did, and praised his own city of Glasgow for (Paul Blomfield), 25 years a member of the Anti-Apartheid granting the freedom of that great city to Mandela Movement, said it took too long for this country to before anybody else. recognise the fact that the South African leadership was actually on Robben Island and to engage with it. He My hon. Friend the Member for Hackney North also said reconciliation is built on forgiving, not forgetting, and Stoke Newington (Ms Abbott) talked with passion and truth has to come before reconciliation. He pointed about the reality of a fight for equality and justice for out that justice was hard fought for and freedom was those in the black community here. My right hon. hard won. Friend the Member for Coatbridge, Chryston and Bellshill (Mr Clarke) once more recalled Glasgow’s solidarity My hon. Friend the Member for Aberavon (Dr Francis) and the work that went on in fighting apartheid then. talked about the influence the South African constitution, My hon. Friend the Member for Walsall South (Valerie which is one of the most progressive ever, still has on Vaz) remembered Mandela for being so successful in his the battle for human rights. My right hon. Friend the fight against apartheid. My hon. Friend the Member Member for Manchester, Gorton (Sir Gerald Kaufman) for Liverpool, West Derby (Stephen Twigg) spoke for talked about how Mandela had said to him that you many of us when he said that this battle against apartheid have to sustain your values in prison. was the great progressive cause for those of us who were My right hon. Friend the Member for Tottenham getting active in the 1970s and 1980s—I can identify (Mr Lammy) gave a passionate speech about the effect with that. of Mandela’s example in the communities he represents My hon. Friend the Member for Birmingham, Erdington and among the black and minority ethnic communities (Jack Dromey) talked about his connection to the struggles struggling for equality in our country. My right hon. that were going on to strengthen the Anti-Apartheid Friend the Member for Rother Valley (Mr Barron) Movement in north London. My hon. Friend the Member talked about the Kitson committee at Ruskin, which for Nottingham South (Lilian Greenwood) said that opened his eyes to the real situation in South Africa. Mandela achieved what many thought impossible, Indeed, a theme of today’s tributes has been how many demonstrating that you have to carry on hoping when people had their eyes opened by the community in exile there is little hope left. My hon. Friend the Member for and how through their campaigning, often when they Eltham (Clive Efford), my right hon. Friend the Member talked to students, the reality of what was going on in for Delyn (Mr Hanson), and my hon. Friends the South Africa came to be known. Members for Feltham and Heston (Seema Malhotra), My hon. Friend the Member for Islington North for Wirral South (Alison McGovern), for Clwyd South (Jeremy Corbyn) paid tribute to those who fought apartheid (Susan Elan Jones), for Edinburgh North and Leith and died doing so. He talked particularly about the evil (Mark Lazarowicz), for Oldham East and Saddleworth of apartheid, and he also mentioned Bernie Grant and (Debbie Abrahams), for Brent North (Barry Gardiner), Tony Banks. We have also heard in detail about the for Vale of Clwyd (Chris Ruane), for Chesterfield (Toby contributions of Bob Hughes, Dick Caborn and the Perkins), for Ogmore (Huw Irranca-Davies), for Blaydon Kinnocks, who were absolute stalwarts of the battle. (Mr Anderson), for Llanelli (Nia Griffith) and for Swansea My right hon. Friend the Member for East Renfrewshire West (Geraint Davies) all brought their own examples, (Mr Murphy) made a speech about living close to in their profound speeches, of the battle for freedom Robben Island and brought us his unique insight into and helping South Africa in solidarity with the people what was happening there, after his family had emigrated there. to South Africa. I remember watching Nelson Mandela when he came My hon. Friend the Member for Newcastle upon to make that great speech to both Houses of Parliament, Tyne Central (Chi Onwurah) made a particularly important and my abiding memory is of him walking down the point when she said that many took apartheid personally stairs of Westminster Hall hand in hand with one of because it was so personal, and that the effect it had on your predecessors, Mr Speaker, the then Speaker Betty the self-esteem of people of colour was so profound Boothroyd in July 1996. I also remember his address that it had to be fought. My hon. Friend the Member to the Labour party conference in 2000 at which he for St Helens North (Mr Watts) said that Mandela was congratulated us on the first centenary of our party and a gift to the whole world. My right hon. Friend the looked forward to the next. He said: Member for Dulwich and West Norwood (Dame Tessa “Britain was in so many respects the second headquarters of Jowell) recalled Mandela’s visit to Brixton, which is still our movement in exile.” 107 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 108

[Ms Angela Eagle] The right hon. Member for East Renfrewshire (Mr Murphy) and a number of Members talked about He went on to say: personal memories of living in South Africa. All of “Your solidarity helped to make those years in exile bearable them told of a man whose courage, constancy of moral and contributed to them not turning out to be wasted years.” purpose, as the hon. Member for Hackney North and He congratulated us on our 100 years of history, and he Stoke Newington (Ms Abbott) said, and power of said: forgiveness, as the Leader of the Opposition said, have “To have sustained over a century such an organisation is a been a world-changing feature of our age. As the right tribute not only to the Labour party, its leadership and members. hon. Member for Derby South (Margaret Beckett) and It is testimony to the resilience of the spirit that continues to the shadow Leader of the House said, it is sometimes believe that the world can be made a better place for all. It defies said that he somehow transcended politics, but that is and gives the lie to the pervasive cynicism and loss of hope that wrong as he used political means to achieve political characterised so much of political life in the latter part of the last objectives and in doing so was the epitome of a politician. century.” He recognised that it is the nature of politics for there to Finally, Nelson Mandela always appealed to the best be a conflict of interest, but the very best politician is rather than the basest of political instincts. I believe somebody who enables those competing interests not that is an example to which we should all aspire. to lead to conflict but to be reconciled. His pursuit of forgiveness and reconciliation is an inspiration for 9.50 pm us all. The Leader of the House of Commons (Mr Andrew I visited South Africa in 1995 on behalf of the Lansley): I am grateful to the shadow Leader of the Westminster Foundation for Democracy, and even in House who wonderfully reflected the debate and recalled the space of those few years and the year after that first the many moving, thoughtful and evocative speeches election it was remarkable how parliamentary democracy that we heard during the course of this remarkable and the assumption of parliamentary democracy for tribute to Nelson Mandela. the future had been adopted in South Africa. That has May I join the shadow Leader of the House in persisted and for us, in this Parliament, that is something thanking you, Mr Speaker, for enabling us to have this with which we can feel a strong fellow feeling. tribute to Nelson Mandela? I also look forward to The speeches have of course captured the character Thursday afternoon and the opportunity for civil society of a remarkable man, recalling his deeds, his achievements, and the wider public to come here to the Great Hall his words, his unfailing courtesy, his personal courage, at Westminster to share the opportunity not only to his values and, of course, his often mischievous sense of commemorate the life of Nelson Mandela and dedicate humour. A number of Members talked of him as a themselves to his memory, but to celebrate his life. great man and the right hon. Member for Tottenham There will be organisations that, for decades, have supported (Mr Lammy) rightly talked of how he had inspired him, his struggle and the people of South Africa. There will and what a great man he was. The right hon. Member be South Africans in this country who will want to for Manchester, Gorton (Sir Gerald Kaufman) talked come and show their love and respect for Nelson Mandela, about when he was asked by the National Portrait and it is a good and welcome opportunity for them to Gallery to nominate great figures of the 20th century, do it here at their Parliament. and Nelson Mandela was one of three whom he nominated. We have heard many memorable speeches. Today has The hon. Member for Ogmore (Huw Irranca-Davies) been an unprecedented opportunity for us to express talked about him as a towering figure of the 20th century. our views, and we have met on the same day as the I am reminded that when Nelson Mandela retired South African Parliament. Helen Zille, who was referred as President, , whom I met in South Africa to by a number of Members, said that Nelson Mandela’s back in 1995, spoke of the fact that one can think of death leaders who are great and good but that there is a “united the world in grief but it has also united us in hope.” special category beyond that. He described them as That was evident in many of the speeches that we heard those who are great and good but have today. “a special kind of grace”. Many speeches were prompted by personal memories. He could only think of two people who fitted such a Most memorably, the right hon. Member for Neath category: Mahatma Gandhi and Nelson Mandela. (Mr Hain) talked about a lifetime of memories of We are talking about somebody who is close to unique, Nelson Mandela and the struggle against apartheid, but we can also think of him as unique. Not only was from which many of us learned. The hon. Member for he was clearly a towering figure of the 20th century, Sheffield Central (Paul Blomfield) referred to the character but he will also be regarded as a towering figure in the of the struggle over decades against the evil of apartheid. 21st century, not just because of the ambitions he Many Members talked very movingly and importantly enunciated after he left the presidency but because of about the nature of that struggle, which I know will also his character, the nature of his approach to truth and be reflected in the ceremony on Thursday. reconciliation, the power of forgiveness, and his ambition The shadow Leader of the House referred to the and how he expressed it. As the right hon. Member for remarkable speech of the right hon. Member for Kirkcaldy Neath and others recalled, at the Rivonia trial he articulated and Cowdenbeath (Mr Brown). There was mention of his determination that he had fought against white shared ambitions and the further ambition that Nelson domination but would also fight against black domination Mandela showed after he had left office as President of —he was committed, and if necessary would give his the Republic of South Africa in wanting to achieve life, to upholding justice and freedom. Those things great things, not least in the eradication of child poverty will endure and we have as much need of them in this across the world. century as we did in the last. 109 Tributes to Nelson Mandela9 DECEMBER 2013 Tributes to Nelson Mandela 110

In the South African Parliament today, Deputy President Mr Speaker, my hon. Friend the Member for Ribble Motlanthe called on South Africa and the world to Valley (Mr Evans) suggested that you might bind a consider how Nelson Mandela’s legacy might be carried copy of the speeches in today’s debate and send it to the forward. In today’s debate, we have heard speeches on South African Parliament. I hope that you will and that exactly that. The right hon. Member for Kirkcaldy and when you do, the South African Parliament will recognise Cowdenbeath talked about the eradication of child that on the same day as they paid tribute to Nelson poverty and other Members spoke about the necessity Mandela, we did so in like fashion. Like them, for us the of promoting justice and freedom in the world, of dream has not ended. reducing poverty, discrimination and inequality and of using those principles of reconciliation and forgiveness Mr Speaker: Thank you. I will. around the world in areas as far apart as Korea and Syria and in the Israel-Palestine conflict. Members such as the right hon. Member for Gordon (Sir Malcolm Bruce) and my right hon. Friend the Member for Eddisbury (Mr O’Brien) talked about how ADJOURNMENT Nelson Mandela’s ambitions and approach in South Resolved, That this House do now adjourn.—(Amber Africa are entirely relevant and needed in the continent Rudd.) of Africa in this century and in the future. In that sense, many of today’s speeches would be regarded across the world as showing how we in this House and this country believe that Nelson Mandela’s legacy might be carried 10 pm further. House adjourned.

1WS Written Statements9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Statements 2WS

International Red Cross and UN agencies to help thousands Written Statements of people gain access to food, water, shelter, sanitation and healthcare. We will continue to work closely with Monday 9 December 2013 France and other partners to improve the security situation in the Central African Republic and relieve the suffering of its people. DEFENCE

Central African Republic ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE

Clean Energy Infrastructure The Secretary of State for Defence (Mr Philip Hammond): The Government are increasingly concerned about the deteriorating security situation and growing humanitarian The Minister of State, Department of Energy and Climate crisis in the Central African Republic. We are working Change (Michael Fallon): Preferred bidders in the with international partners, and through international Government’s £1 billion carbon capture and storage organisations, to end the violence, deliver humanitarian (CCS) commercialisation programme were announced support, and re-establish stability and security. As the in March 2013. Since then, my Department has taken Central African Republic is surrounded by countries forward detailed negotiations with these bidders to that are still recovering or suffering from recent conflicts, draw up and agree specifications and contracts for engagement by the international community is vital to front-end engineering and design (FEED) studies of prevent a repetition of previous crises in the region. The their projects. Developing CCS infrastructure forms scale of this challenge means that we must use all means part of the Government’s national infrastructure plan, at our disposal: our diplomatic networks, aid and trade, published last week. our political relations, and our military and security I am pleased to inform Parliament that I intend to co-operation. award a multi-million pound contract for detailed design The Government have worked closely with France and planning, known as a FEED study, to Capture and other Security Council partners to agree a United Power Ltd for the White Rose CCS project, which Nations Security Council resolution on the Central includes the Yorkshire-Humber CCS Trunkline, a carbon African Republic; resolution 2127 was adopted on dioxide (CO2) transportation and storage solution to be 5 December. UNSCR 2127 marks a critical step in undertaken by National Grid Carbon Ltd. restoring security and authorises the deployment of the The White Rose proposal is to build a new state-of-the-art African-led international support mission to the Central 426MWe (gross) clean coal power plant with full carbon African Republic (MISCA). MISCA will contribute to: capture and storage, bringing clean electricity to over the protection of civilians; the vital restoration of security 630,000 homes and capturing approximately 2 million and public order; the stabilisation of the country; the tonnes of CO per year. This will link into the planned restoration of state authority over the whole country; 2 development of a CO2 transportation and storage and the creation of conditions to enable the provision infrastructure which would have capacity for additional of humanitarian assistance. It also authorises French CCS projects in the area. forces to take all necessary measures to support MISCA in the discharge of its mandate and, recognising the FEED is an important stage in the development of severity of the situation, imposes an arms embargo and major infrastructure projects. It is a comprehensive encourages progress on the transitional arrangements programme of engineering, planning and financial work initiated in Libreville on 11 January 2013. to thoroughly develop the proposal ahead of taking final investment decisions. It represents a significant Shortly after UNSCR 2127 was adopted, President investment in the project by both the Government and Hollande announced that France would be launching the bidder. operation Sangaris immediately, in conjunction with Africans and with the support of European partners. In addition to informing investment decisions, these On 6 December, following this announcement and in studies will provide valuable new practical research into response to a request from the Government of France this area. We will share the information gathered by to provide logistical support to their operation, the these studies with industry, academics and the public United Kingdom deployed a RAF C-17 transport aircraft through our knowledge transfer programme to help to move French equipment to the Central African Republic. drive forward this important industry. In the spirit of our strong bilateral relationship with Negotiations on the FEED study for the other preferred France and in line with the undertakings of the Lancaster bidder project are still under way. They are progressing House treaty of 2010, the United Kingdom will provide positively and we hope to make an announcement on a further two RAF C-17 flights between now and the outcome shortly. mid-December to help the rapid deployment of equipment for French forces in support of MISCA. The Government have no intention to deploy UK troops in a combat role FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH OFFICE and have therefore clearly defined the level of support that we will provide to France. and Advocate-General (Appointments) Our military support follows the announcement of a £10 million UK aid package, having already contributed £5 million in July. We are now one of the largest The Minister for Europe (Mr David Lidington): I would donors of humanitarian assistance to the people of the like to update the House on recent appointments and Central African Republic and will operate alongside the renewals of mandates to the General Court and the 3WS Written Statements9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Statements 4WS

Court of Justice of the , and the I have placed copies of the agreement in the Libraries appointment of an Advocate-General of the Court of of both Houses. The agreement is also available on the Justice. Westminster Foundation for Democracy website. The following judges have had their mandates to the General Court renewed until 31 August 2019: Nicholas James Forwood (United Kingdom); Alfred Dittrich HOME DEPARTMENT (Germany); Ingrida Labucka (Latvia); Miro Prek (Slovenia); Mariyana Kancheva (Bulgaria); Guido Berardis (Italy); Changes in Immigration Rules Eugène Buttigieg (Malta); Carl Wetter (Sweden) and Irena Pelikanova (Czech Republic). The Secretary of State for the Home Department Additionally, the following judges have been (Mrs Theresa May): The Government keep visa regimes appointed: Stéphane Gervasoni (France); Egidijus Bieliunas under constant review to ensure that the UK has the (Lithuania); Ignacio Ulloa Rubio (Spain) and Lauri right visa requirements set in the right places, aligned to Madise (Estonia). risk. Today I am laying changes to the immigration In the Court of Justice, the Estonian judge Uno rules to provide a new, straightforward and free alternative Lõhmus has been replaced by Küllike Jürimäe, and the to a visa for short-term visitors from Oman, Qatar and Luxembourg judge Jean-Jacques Kasel has been replaced the United Arab Emirates (UAE). We intend to extend by François Biltgen. Their mandates expire in October similar arrangements to Kuwait later in 2014. Britain 2015. is open for business and genuine visitors and tourists As a result of Croatian accession, Vesna Tomljenovic coming here to enjoy our world-class attractions, study and Sinisa Rodin have been appointed as judges to the or do business are always welcome. General Court and Court of Justice respectively. Passport holders of Oman, Qatar and the UAE will, Finally, Maciej Szpunar (Poland) has been appointed from 1 January 2014, be able to travel to the UK as Advocate-General of the Court of Justice. visa-free if they have obtained an electronic visa waiver (EVW) document online at least 48 hours in advance of travel to the United Kingdom, and present the document Ministerial Oral Question (Correction) to an immigration officer upon request on arrival. This simple online form means there is no fee, there The Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth will be no requirement to give biometrics or attend a Affairs (Mr William Hague): On 29 October 2013, visa application centre. Guidance will be published on Official Report, column 752, during oral questions to the Home Office website. Some visitors may still prefer the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, the right hon. a long-term multi-entry visit visa and the facility to Member for Leicester East (Keith Vaz) asked me about obtain these visas will remain. the number of British businesspeople of Chinese origin I am also laying a change relating to the Vatican City. who joined the Chancellor, the Secretary of State for Holders of non-national travel documents require a Energy and Climate Change and the Secretary of State visa before travel to the United Kingdom. This rule for Transport on recent visits to China. includes holders of service, temporary service and diplomatic I replied that passports issued by the Holy See. The Government have assessed the procedures for issuance of these documents “I do not have that information at my fingertips, but I imagine that quite a few of them were. I will write to the right hon. and consider that they are robust enough to merit an Gentleman with the details”—[Official Report, 29 October 2013; exemption from the visit visa requirement. Nationals Vol. 569, c.752]. and citizens of the Vatican City are already exempt I have written to the right hon. Member with the from the visa requirement. details, and would like to inform the House that neither The changes also include minor amendments to the the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change rules for armed forces and for graduate entrepreneurs. nor the Secretary of State for Transport were accompanied Alongside these changes, UK visas and immigration by any British business people on their trips. The Chancellor continues to be focused on delivering excellent customer was accompanied by 25 representatives of the technology service to business and leisure visitors and ensuring that sector, none of whom were of Chinese origin. the UK maintains a competitive visa system that can innovate in order to serve the ever-changing needs of business and ensure Britain succeeds in the global race. Westminster Foundation for Democracy

WORK AND PENSIONS The Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (Mr William Hague): I would like to inform the House that the framework agreement between the Benefits Uprating Westminster Foundation for Democracy (WFD) and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) has been The Minister of State, Department for Work and Pensions updated, in line with Cabinet Office and HM Treasury (Steve Webb): I am pleased to announce the proposed guidelines for non-departmental public bodies (NDPBs). social security benefits rates for 2014, which are set out The framework agreement combines a management in the table below. The annual uprating of benefits will statement, which sets out the basis for the FCO’s relationship take place for state pensions and most other benefits in with WFD, and a financial memorandum, which sets the first full week of the tax year. In 2014, this will be the out in greater detail the financial framework within week beginning 7 April. A corresponding provision will which the WFD is required to operate. be made in Northern Ireland. 5WS Written Statements9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Statements 6WS

RATES RATES RATES RATES (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014 (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014

ATTENDANCE ALLOWANCE £1 for every £250, or part thereof, higher rate 79.15 81.30 between the amount of lower rate 53.00 54.45 capital disregarded and the capital upper limit

Tariff income - Pension Credit and BEREAVEMENT BENEFIT Housing Benefit where clmt/ptner is over Guarantee Credit qualifying age Bereavement payment (lump sum) 2000.00 2000.00 £1 for every £500, or part thereof, between the amount of capital disregarded and capital upper limit Widowed parent’s allowance 108.30 111.20

Bereavement Allowance CARER’S ALLOWANCE 59.75 61.35 standard rate 108.30 111.20

DEDUCTIONS - Rules common to Income age-related Support, Jobseeker’s Allowance, age 54 100.72 103.42 Employment and Support Allowance, Pension Credit and Housing Benefit 53 93.14 95.63 unless stated otherwise 52 85.56 87.85 51 77.98 80.06 50 70.40 72.28 Non-dependant deductions from housing benefit and from IS, JSA(IB), 49 62.81 64.50 ESA(IR) and Pension Credit 48 55.23 56.71 47 47.65 48.93 aged 25 and over in receipt of IS and 46 40.07 41.14 JSA(IB), 45 32.49 33.36 in receipt of main phase ESA(IR), aged 18 or over, not in remunerative 13.60 14.15 work BENEFIT CAP

aged 18 or over and in remunerative In Housing Benefit (weekly rate) work Couples and lone parents 500.00 500.00 - gross income: less than £128 13.60 14.15 Single persons without children 350.00 350.00 - gross income: £128 to £187.99 31.25 32.45 - gross income: £188 to £244.99 42.90 44.55 In Universal Credit (monthly rate) - gross income: £245 to £325.99 70.20 72.95 Joint claimants and single claimants 2167.00 2167.00 - gross income: £326 to £405.99 79.95 83.05 with children - gross income: £406 and above 87.75 91.15 Joint claimants and single claimants 1517.00 1517.00 without children Deductions from housing benefit Service charges for fuel

CAPITAL LIMITS - rules common to Heating 25.60 27.55 Income Support, income based hot water 2.95 3.20 Jobseeker’s Allowance, Lighting 2.05 2.20 income-related Employment and Support Allowance, Pension Credit, and Cooking 2.95 3.20 Housing Benefit, and Universal Credit unless stated otherwise Amount ineligible for meals three or more meals a day upper limit 16000.00 16000.00 single claimant 25.85 26.55 upper limit - Pension Credit and those No limit No limit getting Housing Benefit and Pension each person in family aged 16 or over 25.85 26.55 Credit Guarantee Credit each child under 16 13.10 13.45 Amount disregarded - all benefits 6000.00 6000.00 less than three meals a day except Pension Credit and Housing Benefit for those above the qualifying single claimant 17.20 17.65 age for Guarantee Credit each person in family aged 16 or over 17.20 17.65 Amount disregarded - Pension Credit 10000.00 10000.00 and Housing Benefit for those above each child under 16 8.65 8.90 the qualifying age for Pension Credit breakfast only - claimant and each 3.15 3.25 child disregard (not Pension Credit or 3000.00 3000.00 member of the family Employment and Support Allowance) amt disregarded (living in RC/NH) 10000.00 10000.00 Amount for personal expenses 23.50 23.75 Tariff income (not HB) 7WS Written Statements9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Statements 8WS

RATES RATES RATES RATES (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014 (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014

Third party deductions from IS, Child Dependency Increases - payable JSA(IB), ESA(IR) and Pension Credit with; for; State Pension; Widowed Mothers/ 11.35 11.35 Parents Allowance; arrears of housing, fuel and water 3.60 3.65 short-term Incapacity benefit - higher costs rate or over state pension age; council tax etc. and deductions for long-term Incapacity Benefit; Carer’s ELDS and ILS. Allowance; Severe Disablement Allowance; Industrial Death Benefit (higher rate); child support, contribution towards maintenance (CTM) NB - The rate of child dependency 8.10 8.05 standard deduction 7.20 7.30 increase is adjusted where it is payable lower deduction 3.60 3.65 for the eldest child for whom child benefit is also paid. The weekly rate in such cases is reduced by the difference arrears of Community Charge (less £3.65) between the ChB rates for the eldest and subsequent children. court order against claimant 3.60 3.65 court order against couple 5.65 5.70 fine or compensation order DISABILITY LIVING ALLOWANCE standard rate 5.00 5.00 lower rate 3.60 3.65 Care Component Highest 79.15 81.30 Maximum deduction rates for recovery Middle 53.00 54.45 of overpayments (not /JSA(C)/ Lowest 21.00 21.55 ESA(C)) ordinary overpayments 10.80 10.95 Mobility Component Higher 55.25 56.75 where claimant convicted of fraud 18.00 18.25 Lower 21.00 21.55

Deductions from JSA(C) and ESA (C) DISREGARDS Arrears of Comm. Charge and overpayment recovery Age 16-24 18.93 19.11 Housing Benefit Age 25 + 23.90 24.13 Earnings disregards Arrears of Council Tax and Fines standard (single claimant) 5.00 5.00 Age 16-24 22.72 22.94 Couple 10.00 10.00 Age 25 + 28.68 28.96 higher (special occupations/ 20.00 20.00 circumstances) Max. dedn for arrears of Child Maintenance lone parent 25.00 25.00 Age 16-24 18.93 19.11 childcare charges 175.00 175.00 Age 25 + 23.90 24.13 childcare charges (2 or more children) 300.00 300.00 permitted work higher 99.50 101.00 permitted work lower 20.00 20.00 Other Income disregards DEPENDENCY INCREASES adult maintenance disregard 15.00 15.00 war disablement pension and war 10.00 10.00 Adult dependency increases for spouse widows pension or person looking after widowed mothers/parents allowance 15.00 15.00 children - payable with; Armed Forces Compensation Scheme 10.00 10.00 student loan 10.00 10.00 student’s covenanted income 5.00 5.00 State Pension on own insurance (Cat A 63.20 64.90 or B) income from boarders (plus 50% of the 20.00 20.00 balance) long term Incapacity Benefit 58.85 60.45 additional earnings disregard 17.10 17.10 income from subtenants (£20 fixed 20.00 20.00 Severe Disablement Allowance 35.35 36.30 from April 08)

Carers Allowance 35.15 36.10 Income Support, income-based Jobseeker’s Allowance, Income-related Employment and Support Allowance short-term Incapacity Benefit (over 56.65 58.20 (ESA (IR)) and Pension Credit state pension age) Earnings disregards standard (single claimant) (not ESA 5.00 5.00 short-term Incapacity Benefit (under 45.85 47.10 (IR)) State Pension age) Couple (not ESA(IR)) 10.00 10.00 9WS Written Statements9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Statements 10WS

RATES RATES RATES RATES (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014 (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014

Higher (special occupations/ 20.00 20.00 additional amount for each subsequent 29.00 30.00 circumstances) child partner of claimant (ESA (IR)) 20.00 20.00 (maximum) (maximum) Pension income threshold for 85.00 85.00 Other Income disregards incapacity benefit war disablement pension and war 10.00 10.00 Pension income threshold for 85.00 85.00 widows pension contributory Employment Support widowed mothers/parents allowance 10.00 10.00 Allowance Armed Forces Compensation Scheme 10.00 10.00 student loan (not Pension Credit) 10.00 10.00 EMPLOYMENT AND SUPPORT ALLOWANCE student’s covenanted income (not 5.00 5.00 Pension Credit) income from boarders (plus 50% of the 20.00 20.00 Personal Allowances balance) Single income from subtenants (£20 fixed 20.00 20.00 from April 08) under 25 56.80 57.35 25 or over 71.70 72.40

EARNINGS RULES lone parent Carers Allowance 100.00 100.00 under 18 56.80 57.35 18 or over 71.70 72.40 Limit of earnings from councillor’s 99.50 101.00 allowance Couple both under 18 56.80 57.35 Permitted work earnings limit – higher 99.50 101.00 both under 18 with child 85.80 86.65 both under 18 (main phase) 71.70 72.40 - lower 20.00 20.00 both under 18 with child (main phase) 112.55 113.70 one 18 or over, one under 18 (certain 112.55 113.70 Industrial injuries unemployability 5174.00 5252.00 conditions apply) supplement both over 18 112.55 113.70 permitted earnings level (annual claimant under 25, partner under 18 56.80 57.35 amount) claimant 25 or over, partner under 18 71.70 72.40 claimant (main phase), partner under 71.70 72.40 Earnings level at which adult 18 dependency (ADI) increases are affected with: Premiums short-term incapacity benefit where claimant is enhanced disability 47.10 (a) under state pension age 45.85 Single 15.15 15.55 58.20 (b) over state pension age 56.65 Couple 21.75 22.35 state pension, long term incapacity severe disability benefit, severe disablement allowance, single 59.50 61.10 unemployability couple (lower rate) 59.50 61.10 supplement - payable when dependant couple (higher rate) 119.00 122.20 (a) is living with claimant 71.70 72.40 (b) still qualifies for the tapered 45.09 45.09 Carer 33.30 34.20 earnings rule

Earnings level at which ADI is affected Pensioner when dependant single with WRAC 45.25 47.20 is not living with claimant; single with support component 38.90 40.20 state pension. 63.20 64.90 single with no component 73.70 75.95 long-term incapacity benefit. 58.85 60.45 couple with WRAC 81.05 84.05 unemployability supplement, 59.75 61.35 couple with support component 74.70 77.05 severe disablement allowance 35.35 36.30 couple with no component 109.50 112.80

Carers allowance 35.15 36.10 Components

Earnings level at which child dependency increases are affected Work-related Activity 28.45 28.75 for first child 220.00 225.00 Support 34.80 35.75 11WS Written Statements9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Statements 12WS

RATES RATES RATES RATES (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014 (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014

HOUSING BENEFIT INCAPACITY BENEFIT

Personal allowances Long-term Incapacity Benefit 101.35 104.10

Single Short-term Incapacity Benefit (under under 25 56.80 57.35 1 state pension age) 25 or over 71.70 72.40 lower rate 76.45 78.50 entitled to main phase ESA 71.70 72.40 higher rate 90.50 92.95 lone parent Short-term Incapacity Benefit (over under 18 56.80 57.35 state pension age) 18 or over 71.70 72.40 lower rate 97.25 99.90 entitled to main phase ESA 71.70 72.40 higher rate 101.35 104.10

Couple Increase of Long-term Incapacity both under l8 85.80 86.65 Benefit for age one or both 18 or over 112.55 113.70 higher rate 10.70 11.00 claimant entitled to main phase ESA 112.55 113.70 lower rate 6.00 6.15 dependent children 65.62 66.33 Invalidity Allowance (Transitional) higher rate 10.70 11.00 pensioner middle rate 6.00 6.15 single/lone parent has attained the 145.40 148.35 lower rate 6.00 6.15 qualifying age for Pension Credit but under 65. couple - one or both has attained the 222.05 226.50 qualifying age for Pension Credit but both under 65 INCOME SUPPORT single/lone parent - 65 and over 163.50 165.15 couple - one or both 65 and over 244.95 247.20 Personal Allowances

Premiums single under 25 56.80 57.35 family 17.40 17.45 25 or over 71.70 72.40 family (lone parent rate) 22.20 22.20

lone parent

under 18 56.80 57.35 Disability 18 or over 71.70 72.40 single 31.00 31.85 couple 44.20 45.40 couple enhanced disability both under 18 56.80 57.35 both under 18 - higher rate 85.80 86.65 single 15.15 15.55 disabled child 23.45 24.08 one under 18, one under 25 56.80 57.35 couple 21.75 22.35 one under 18, one 25 and over 71.70 72.40 both 18 or over 112.55 113.70 severe disability single 59.50 61.10 dependent children 65.62 66.33 couple (lower rate) 59.50 61.10 couple (higher rate) 119.00 122.20 Premiums disabled child 57.89 59.50 Family/lone parent 17.40 17.45

Carer 33.30 34.20 pensioner (applies to couples only) 109.50 112.80

ESA components work-related activity 28.45 28.75 disability support 34.80 35.75 single 31.00 31.85 couple 44.20 45.40 13WS Written Statements9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Statements 14WS

RATES RATES RATES RATES (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014 (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014 enhanced disability JOBSEEKER’S ALLOWANCE single 15.15 15.55 disabled child 23.45 24.08 Contribution based JSA - Personal couple 21.75 22.35 rates under 25 56.80 57.35 severe disability 25 or over 71.70 72.40 single 59.50 61.10 couple (lower rate) 59.50 61.10 Income-based JSA - personal allowances couple (higher rate) 119.00 122.20 under 25 56.80 57.35 25 or over 71.70 72.40 disabled child 57.89 59.50

lone parent Carer 33.30 34.20 under 18 56.80 57.35 18 or over 71.70 72.40 Relevant sum for strikers 39.00 40.00

Couple both under 18 56.80 57.35 INDUSTRIAL DEATH BENEFIT both under 18 - higher rate 85.80 86.65 one under 18, one under 25 56.80 57.35 Widow’s pension one under 18, one 25 and over 71.70 72.40 higher rate 110.15 113.10 both 18 or over 112.55 113.70 lower rate 33.05 33.93 Widower’s pension 110.15 113.10 dependent children 65.62 66.33

INDUSTRIAL INJURIES DISABLEMENT Premiums BENEFIT

Family/lone parent 17.40 17.45 Standard rate 100% 161.60 166.00 90% 145.44 149.40 pensioner 80% 129.28 132.80 single 73.70 75.95 70% 113.12 116.20 couple 109.50 112.80 60% 96.96 99.60 50% 80.80 83.00 disability 40% 64.64 66.40 single 31.00 31.85 30% 48.48 49.80 couple 44.20 45.40 20% 32.32 33.20

enhanced disability Maximum life gratuity (lump sum) 10730.00 11020.00 single 15.15 15.55 disabled child 23.45 24.08 Unemployability Supplement 99.90 102.60 couple 21.75 22.35 increase for early incapacity higher rate 20.70 21.25 1 severe disability middle rate 13.30 13.70 single 59.50 61.10 lower rate 6.65 6.85 couple (lower rate) 59.50 61.10 couple (higher rate) 119.00 122.20 Maximum reduced earnings allowance 64.64 66.40

disabled child 57.89 59.50

Maximum retirement allowance 16.16 16.60 Carer 33.30 34.20

Constant attendance allowance Prescribed sum for strikers 39.00 40.00 exceptional rate 129.40 132.80 intermediate rate 97.05 99.60 normal maximum rate 64.70 66.40 MATERNITY ALLOWANCE part-time rate 32.35 33.20

Exceptionally severe disablement 64.70 66.40 Standard rate 136.78 138.18 allowance MA threshold 30.00 30.00 15WS Written Statements9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Statements 16WS

RATES RATES RATES RATES (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014 (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014

PENSION CREDIT Increments to:- Basic pension 2.20% 2.70% Standard minimum guarantee Additional pension 2.20% 2.70% single 145.40 148.35 Graduated Retirement Benefit (GRB) 2.20% 2.70% couple 222.05 226.50 Inheritable lump sum 2.20% 2.70%

Additional amount for severe disability Contracted-out Deduction from AP in Nil Nil respect of single 59.50 61.10 pre-April 1988 contracted-out earnings couple (one qualifies) 59.50 61.10 couple (both qualify) 119.00 122.20 Contracted-out Deduction from AP in respect of Additional amount for carers 33.30 34.20 contracted-out earnings from April 2.20% 2.70% 1988 to 1997 Savings credit threshold - single 115.30 120.35 Graduated Retirement Benefit (unit) 0.1279 0.1314 threshold - couple 183.90 192.00 maximum - single 18.06 16.80 Increase of long term incapacity for 2.20% 2.70% maximum - couple 22.89 20.70 age

Amount for claimant and first spouse 222.05 226.50 Addition at age 80 0.25 0.25 in polygamous marriage

Additional amount for additional 76.65 78.15 Increase of Long-term incapacity for spouse age higher rate 20.70 21.25 Non-State Pensions (for Pension lower rate 10.35 10.65 Credit purposes) Statutory minimum increase to non- 2.20% 2.70% state pensions Invalidity Allowance (Transitional) for State Pension recipients higher rate 20.70 21.25 middle rate 13.30 13.70 PERSONAL INDEPENDENCE PAYMENT lower rate 6.65 6.85

Daily living component Enhanced 79.15 81.30 STATUTORY ADOPTION PAY Standard 53.00 54.45

Earnings threshold 109.00 111.00 Mobility component Standard Rate 136.78 138.18 Enhanced 55.25 56.75 Standard 21.00 21.55

STATUTORY MATERNITY PAY

SEVERE DISABLEMENT ALLOWANCE Earnings threshold 109.00 111.00

Basic rate 71.80 73.75 Standard rate 136.78 138.18 Age-related addition (from Dec 90) Higher rate 10.70 11.00

Middle rate 6.00 6.15 STATUTORY PATERNITY PAY Lower rate 6.00 6.15

Earnings threshold 109.00 111.00 Standard Rate 136.78 138.18 STATE PENSION Additional statutory paternity pay 136.78 138.18

Category A or B 110.15 113.10 Category B (lower) - spouse or civil 66.00 67.80 partner’s insurance STATUTORY SICK PAY Category C or D - non-contributory 66.00 67.80 Earnings threshold 109.00 111.00 Additional pension 2.20% 2.70% Standard rate 86.70 87.55 17WS Written Statements9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Statements 18WS

RATES RATES RATES RATES (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014 (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014

UNIVERSAL CREDIT (monthly rates) Single 25 or over 15.58 15.73

Universal Credit Minimum Amount 0.01 0.01 Couple Joint claimants both under 25 19.37 19.56 Universal Credit Amounts Joint claimants, one or both 25 or over 24.45 24.70 Standard allowance Maximum deductions for Fines 108.35 108.35 Single Single under 25 246.81 249.28 Overall Maximum Deduction Rate at Single 25 or over 311.55 314.67 40% of UC Standard Allowance: Couple Single Joint claimants both under 25 387.42 391.29 Single under 25 98.72 99.71 Joint claimants, one or both 25 or over 489.06 493.95 Single 25 or over 124.62 125.87 Child element First child 272.08 274.58 Couple Second/subsequent child 226.67 229.17 Joint claimants both under 25 154.97 156.52 Disabled child additions Joint claimants, one or both 25 or over 195.62 197.58 Lower rate addition 123.62 124.86 Higher rate addition 352.92 362.92 Fraud Overpayments, Recoverable Limited Capability for Work element 123.62 124.86 Hardship Payments and Limited Capability for Work and 303.66 311.86 Administrative Penalties at 40% of UC Work-Related Activity element Standard Allowance Carer element 144.70 148.61 Single Childcare element Single under 25 98.72 99.71 Maximum for one child 532.29 532.29 Single 25 or over 124.62 125.87 Maximum for two or more children 912.50 912.50 Couple Non-dependants’ housing cost 68.00 68.68 Joint claimants both under 25 154.97 156.52 contributions Joint claimants, one or both 25 or over 195.62 197.58

Work allowances Normal Overpayments and Civil Higher work allowance (no housing Penalties at 15% of UC Standard element) Allowance Single Single claimant, no dependent children 111.00 111.00 Single Single claimant, one or more children 734.00 734.00 Single under 25 37.02 37.39 Single claimant, limited capability for 647.00 647.00 Single 25 or over 46.73 47.20 work Joint claimants Couple Joint claimant, no dependent children 111.00 111.00 Joint claimants both under 25 58.11 58.69 Joint claimant, one or more children 536.00 536.00 Joint claimants, one or both 25 or over 73.36 74.09 Joint claimant, limited capability for 647.00 647.00 work Lower work allowance Normal Overpayments and Civil Penalties at 25%) of UC Standard Single Allowance if claimant’s and/or Single claimant, no dependent children 111.00 111.00 partner’s earnings are over the Work Allowance Single claimant, one or more children 263.00 263.00 Single claimant, limited capability for 192.00 192.00 work Single Joint claimants Single under 25 61.70 62.32 Joint claimant, no dependent children 111.00 111.00 Single 25 or over 77.89 78.67 Joint claimant, one or more children 222.00 222.00

Joint claimant, limited capability for 192.00 192.00 Couple work Joint claimants both under 25 96.86 97.82 Joint claimants, one or both 25 or over 122.27 123.49 Assumed income from capital 4.35 4.35

WIDOW’S BENEFIT Third Party Deductions at 5% of UC Standard Allowance for: Widowed mother’s allowance 108.30 111.20 Single Widow’s pension Single under 25 12.34 12.46 standard rate 108.30 111.20 19WS Written Statements9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Statements 20WS

RATES RATES RATES RATES (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014 (Weekly rates unless otherwise shown) 2013 2014 age-related 48 (43) 55.23 56.71 age 54 (49) 100.72 103.42 47 (42) 47.65 48.93 53 (48) 93.14 95.63 46 (41) 40.07 41.14 52 (47) 85.56 87.85 45 (40) 32.49 33.36 51 (46) 77.98 80.06 50 (45) 70.40 72.28 Note: For deaths occurring before 11 April 1988 refer to age-points shown in brackets. 49 (44) 62.81 64.50 1P Petitions9 DECEMBER 2013 Petitions 2P

to turn a global spotlight on Sri Lanka, and to deliver a Petitions clear message to the Sri Lankan Government: that we expect them to make progress on human rights, Monday 9 December 2013 accountability, reconciliation and political settlement. By remaining in London, we would have missed the PRESENTED PETITIONS opportunity to ensure intense international focus on Petitions presented to the House but not read on the Floor these vital issues over the week of CHOGM, and to raise our concerns at the highest levels. UK Hunger and the Use of Food Banks The petitioners are right that Sri Lanka is still The Petition of residents of the UK, experiencing the after effects of the military conflict. Declares that there is an online Petition requesting Since the end of the conflict in 2009, the Sri Lankan that Parliament has a debate on UK hunger and the rise Government have taken some positive steps re-building in food bank use, which has received over 130,000 signatures. infrastructure. As part of our support for the reconstruction The Petitioners therefore request that the House of effort, from 2010-13, the UK funded £3 million of Commons urges the Government to hold a debate on de-mining work in Sri Lanka. On 16 November 2013, UK hunger and the rise in food bank use as soon as the Prime Minister announced a new £2.1 million UK possible. Government funded programme to clear landmines and explosive remnants of war from areas of Northern Sri And the Petitioners remain, etc.—[Presented by Rachel Lanka devastated by conflict. This programme will Reeves.] allow heavily contaminated land to be returned to local [P001310] communities and used for building livelihoods, schools The Petition of residents of the UK, and roads. Declares that there is an online Petition requesting But in addition to physical reconstruction, it is also that Parliament has a debate on UK hunger and the rise important that there is meaningful reconciliation through in food bank use, which has received over 130,000 the full implementation of the Lessons Learnt and signatures. Reconciliation Commission (LLRC) recommendations and a political settlement, and a credible, transparent The Petitioners therefore request that the House of and independent inquiry into alleged war crimes. We Commons urges the Government to hold a debate on share concerns of UN High Commissioner for Human UK hunger and the rise in food bank use as soon as Rights that there have been no credible efforts to possible. independently investigate these allegations. If credible And the Petitioners remain, etc.—[Presented by Maria investigations have not begun properly by March 2014, Eagle.] we will use our position on the United Nations Human [P001311] Rights Council to work with the UN Human Rights Commissioner and call for an international investigation. OBSERVATIONS During his visit to Sri Lanka, the Prime Minister raised our concerns directly with President Rajapaksa. The Prime Minister called for a credible and transparent FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH OFFICE independent investigation into allegations of violations of humanitarian and human rights law during the military Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, conflict, a meaningful political settlement with the North, Sri Lanka including demilitarisation, and full implementation of The Humble Petition of residents of the Ealing North Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation Commission (LLRC) Constituency, recommendations. Sheweth, The Prime Minister was also able to undertake an historic visit to the North of Sri Lanka—the first visit That the island of Sri Lanka is still experiencing the of any Head of Government to the Northern Province after effects of the recent war. since Sri Lanka’s Independence in 1948. During the Wherefore your Petitioners pray that your Honourable visit, the Prime Minister visited a welfare camp for House formally state their opinion that this country Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) and talked to residents should not be represented at the Commonwealth Heads about the problems they face. We welcome the progress of Government meeting while so many issues are unresolved made so far by the Government of Sri Lanka on the and so many people are still displaced as a result of this resettlement of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs). conflict. However, we remain concerned by the lack of livelihood And your Petitioners, as in duty bound, will ever opportunities for those who have been returned and pray, &c.—[Presented by Stephen Pound, Official Report, land ownership disputes persist, especially in relation to 12 November 2013; Vol. 570, c. 925.] land currently used for military purposes. We hope that [P001284] the remaining Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) will be resettled soon, and that land disputes will be resolved Observations from the Secretary of State for Foreign for all communities through a fair and accountable and Commonwealth Office: process. I thank the petitioners for raising this important issue To highlight, and to press for progress on our continued in the House of Commons. concerns, the UK co-sponsored the UN Human Rights The Prime Minister and I attended the Commonwealth Council resolution on Sri Lanka in March 2013. We Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) due to the look to the Sri Lankan Government to implement the importance we attach to the Commonwealth. In attending recommendations contained in the resolution and comply CHOGM, we also took advantage of a key opportunity with their obligations under international human rights 3P Petitions9 DECEMBER 2013 Petitions 4P law and international humanitarian law. At the UN Together with international partners, we will continue Human Rights Council in March 2014, an assessment to work to support the Sri Lankan people in their will be made of Sri Lankan progress to date. pursuit of enduring peace and reconciliation. 1W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 2W

clarification on the sites and skills profiles of those Written Answers to likely to be affected. Once this is known, JCP and local partners are ready to work closely with the company to Questions ensure a full programme of support and advice is available.

Monday 9 December 2013 Higher Education: Inspections Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills whether the Quality BUSINESS, INNOVATION AND SKILLS Assurance Agency for Higher Education has carried out unannounced inspections of universities in the last Company Liquidations three years. [178648]

Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, Mr Willetts: The Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Innovation and Skills what assessment he has made of Education (QAA) is an independent body contracted the reasons for the rise in company liquidations from by the Higher Education Funding Council for England the first to the second quarter of 2013. [177916] (HEFCE) to review and report on providers of higher education. The Government has no direct responsibility Jo Swinson: We pay close attention to movements in for the QAA and consequently this is not information the numbers of company liquidations. The increase that we hold. between the first and second quarters of 2013 is not unusual. Historically figures have fluctuated quarter on Higher Education: Private Sector quarter due to a range of factors such as holiday periods and creditor activity. The second quarter figures Paul Blomfield: To ask the Secretary of State for for 2013 are broadly in line with the last two quarters of Business, Innovation and Skills if he will retrospectively 2012, and are down on the same period in 2012. publish his Department’s projections for enrolments Importantly, liquidations have been steadily falling since among students studying for higher learning qualifications 2011 and the most recent figures for the third quarter at private colleges in academic year (a) 2011-12 and continue that trend. (b) 2012-13. [177938] Convention on International Interests in Mobile Equipment Mr Willetts: We made no estimate of the number of students expected to enrol on HND and HNC courses at private providers in 2011-12 or 2012-13. Mr Jim Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills pursuant to the answer Mining of 21 November 2013, Official Report, column 960W, on Convention on International Interests in Mobile Ann McKechin: To ask the Secretary of State for Equipment, if he will publish the Government response Business, Innovation and Skills what assessment his to the call for evidence concerning the ratification of Department has made of the level of financial transparency the Cape Town Convention as soon as possible. [178599] in UK public companies operating in the extractive industries. [178573] Michael Fallon: A response to the call for evidence on ratification of the Cape Town Convention and Protocol Jo Swinson: The coalition Government strongly believes as it relates to aircraft was published on 6 December that transparency in the extractives sector is essential to 2013 and can be viewed from the following link: ensure that those living in resource-rich countries see https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/call-for- the benefits from the extraction of their natural resources. evidence-convention-on-international-interests-in-mobile- equipment-and-protocol-thereto-on-matters-specific-to- This is why the Government supported the EU in aircraft-equipment bringing forward regulations to require large extractive companies to report the payments they make to the Hewlett-Packard Governments of all the countries in which they operate. Following the G8 summit in Lough Erne, the UK is : To ask the Secretary of State for Business, committed to implementing these requirements early. Innovation and Skills if he will meet Hewlett Packard In addition the Government has made the commitment to discuss the recently announced redundancies; and if to report under the Extractive Industries Transparency he will make a statement. [178571] Initiative. As EITI Champion I am keen for the UK to drive forward its implementation. The Multi Stakeholder Michael Fallon: The Department for Business, Innovation Group has been setup and is working towards achieving and Skills, at both ministerial and official level, has candidacy status. regular meetings with Hewlett Packard (HP) and is currently in contact to establish the details of their New Businesses: proposed workforce changes. HP is in the process of consulting the trade unions and employee representatives Mr Mike Hancock: To ask the Secretary of State for on potential reductions in early 2014. The company has Business, Innovation and Skills how many start-up stated an intention to minimise redundancies by re-skilling, loans have been granted to businesses in (a) Portsmouth redeployment and helping staff to obtain alternative South constituency and (b) Hampshire in the last five employment. Jobcentre Plus (JCP) is currently seeking years. [177930] 3W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 4W

Matthew Hancock: Start-up loan data is not collected Furthermore, Post Office Ltd was recently one of the by constituency. successful bidders for the Cabinet Office’s online identity Since the launch of the start-up loan scheme in assurance contract, ensuring that Post Office Ltd can September 2012, 26 loans with a value of £177,921 have play a role in the delivery of modem, online Government been made in Portsmouth and 121 loans with a value of services. £825,923 have been made in Hampshire. Russia New Businesses: Sussex Chris Bryant: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, Nicholas Soames: To ask the Secretary of State for Innovation and Skills whether he was accompanied by Business, Innovation and Skills how many start-up any hon. Members on his visit to Russia in November loans have been granted to businesses in (a) Mid 2013. [178230] Sussex constituency and (b) in the last five years. [178278] Michael Fallon: The Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills, the right hon. Member for Twickenham (Vince Cable) was not accompanied by Matthew Hancock: Start-Up Loan data is not collected any hon. Members during his visit to Russia in November by constituency. 2013. Since the launch of the Start-Up Loan scheme in September 2012, 10 loans with a value of £88,400 have Chris Bryant: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, been made in Mid Sussex and 120 loans with a value of Innovation and Skills whether he discussed the cases of £841,719 have been made in West Sussex. (a) the Arctic 30, (b) Sergei Magnitsky, (c) Vasily Alexanyan and (d) Mikhail Khodorkovsky on his visit Ordnance Survey to Russia in November 2013; with whom any such discussions took place; and if he will make a statement. Mr Ellwood: To ask the Secretary of State for [178231] Business, Innovation and Skills what obligations the Ordnance Survey has to conduct health checks on its Michael Fallon: The Secretary of State for Business, employees; and if he will make a statement. [178078] Innovation and Skills, the right hon. Member for Twickenham (Vince Cable), raised with First Deputy Prime Minister Shuvalov the importance of fair and Michael Fallon: As Ordnance Survey has no proportionate treatment of the Greenpeace detainees. manufacturing or shift workers, there are no longer any While the Secretary of State did not raise specific cases, legal obligations to carry out health checks on any of its his visit included a meeting with representatives of civil employees. society groups to discuss human rights in Russia.

Post Offices Chris Bryant: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills who he met on his visit Katy Clark: To ask the Secretary of State for to Russia in November 2013. [178232] Business, Innovation and Skills what discussions he has had with the Cabinet Office about increasing the range Michael Fallon: The Secretary of State for Business, of Government services provided through the Post Innovation and Skills, the right hon. Member for Office network. [178607] Twickenham (Vince Cable), visited Russia from 11-12 November 2013 for the annual bilateral trade talks Jo Swinson: The Department for Business, Innovation between the UK and Russia. He was accompanied by a and Skills and the Cabinet Office are in regular and British business delegation of over 30 companies. During close contact about a range of opportunities. the visit he met First Deputy Prime Minister Igor Shuvatov, Alexander Lebedev, Sergei Mitrokhin the Post Office Ltd, with its network of over 11,500 leader of the liberal opposition party Yabloko, and branches, is well placed to become a provider of front Alexey Sorokin, the CEO of the World Cup 2018 Local office services for Government, helping citizens interact Organising Committee. He also met a wide range of with Government either face-to-face or online. Russian Government officials and Russian business leaders While public services must be competitively tendered, and representatives of civil society groups. Post Office Ltd has shown that it can very effectively bid for and win new work. It has won every Government Chris Bryant: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, contract it has bid for in the last two years in highly Innovation and Skills whether he discussed (a) rule of competitive tendering processes. law, (b) human rights, (c) legal nihilism and (d) corruption In particular, in 2012 it successfully bid for the during his visit in Russia in November 2013; with whom competitively-tendered DVLA framework contract for such discussions took place; and if he will make a Front Office Counter Services (FOCS). This contract statement. [178233] runs to 2020 and is available to other Government Departments. For example HM Passport Office recently Michael Fallon: The Secretary of State for Business, moved its services with Post Office Ltd onto FOCS. Innovation and Skills, the right hon. Member for Officials are in contact with the Cabinet Office to Twickenham (Vince Cable), raised with First Deputy ensure that Departments are fully aware of the opportunities Prime Minister Shuvalov a number of aspects of the this framework contract offers. business and investment climate in Russia, including the 5W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 6W rule of law, which currently deter some UK businesses The amount of non-repayment of student loan debt from operating in Russia. He also met representatives of held in the BIS accounts is consistent with the DEL several civil society groups to discuss human rights in provision in the Department’s budget. The write-off Russia. relating to the expected non-repayment of student loans is recognised annually in budgets and reported in the Students: Loans annual report and accounts. In 2012-13, £2,380 million (2011-12, £1,187 million) was reported as the future cost which cannot be recovered due to their income not Mr Byrne: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, reaching the income threshold, the death of the student Innovation and Skills (1) what effect an increase of the and other causes, (questions b-d). RAB charge of (a) one percentage point, (b) two percentage points and (c) five percentage points will The total write-off impairment for the repayment of have on the public sector finances in each of the five student loan debt held on the Department’s balance years from 2016-17; [178061] sheet at 31 March 2013 was £6,892 million (31 March 2012, £4,400 million) (question e). (2) if he will make an assessment of the potential effect of an increase in the RAB charge by (a) one, (b) two and (c) five percentage points on public sector Mr Byrne: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, finances in each of the five years from 2016-17. Innovation and Skills what provision in what year [178098] against future DEL or AME budgets the Exchequer requires his Department to make against the non- Mr Willetts: Estimates for the impact of RAB charge repayment of student loans. [178279] changes from 2016-17 are highly dependent on the future growth of earnings, and forecasts of spending for years beyond FY 2015-16 have not yet been made. Mr Willetts: The write-off relating to the expected non-repayment of student loans is recognised annually However, the impact of 1% pt increase in the RAB in budgets and reported in the annual report and accounts charge on loans issued in 2014-15 would be around in accordance with government financial reporting £100 million. The impact of 2% pts increase in the RAB standards. In 2012-13, £2,380 million (2011-12, charge on loans issued in 2014-15 would be around £1,187 million) was reported as the future cost which £200 million. The impact of 5% pts increase in the RAB cannot be recovered due to their income not reaching charge on loans issued in 2014-15 would be around the income threshold, the death of the student and £500 million. other causes. Any change to the RAB charge will impact the net expenditure and balance sheet position in the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills annual accounts, Ann McKechin: To ask the Secretary of State for but does not impact the current deficit or Public Sector Business, Innovation and Skills whether he plans to sell Net Debt. the remainder of the student loan book before May 2015. [178634] Mr Byrne: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills what the difference is between his Mr Willetts: On 25 November 2013 Government most recent estimate of the level of non-repayment of announced the completion of the sale of the remaining student loans and any such estimate made in March publicly owned Mortgage Style student loans. 2011. [178062] As stated by the Chancellor of the Exchequer at the Mr Willetts: In March 2011 we estimated that around autumn statement on 5 December 2013, the Government 30% of the value of post-2012 loans would not be has appointed financial advisers to prepare for sale of repaid. We currently estimate that around 35%-40% of the pre-Browne Income Contingent Repayment student the value of these student loans will not be repaid, a loan book. The pre-Browne book will be disposed of in change of 5%-10%. This is largely due to an increase in a number of tranches over a period of years, with a first the value of the £21,000 repayment threshold relating sale intended to occur by the end of financial year to forecast earnings. 2015/16.

Mr Byrne: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills what estimate he has made of (a) Visits Abroad total student loan debt, (b) non-repayment of student loan debt, (c) his Department’s DEL provision against Chris Bryant: To ask the Secretary of State for Business, non-repayment of student loan debt, (d) his Department’s Innovation and Skills if he will make it his policy to AME provision against non-repayment of student loan place on his Department’s website notice of any ministerial debt and (e) his Department’s balance sheet impairments visits to foreign countries to better allow non-governmental against non-repayment of student loan debt in each organisations to make representations about human year for which figures are available. [178097] rights abuses in those countries in advance of the visit. [178234] Mr Willetts: The amount of student loan debt outstanding at 31 March 2013 was £45,745 million (31 March 2012, £39,530 million). This was held at a value Michael Fallon: No. Details of forthcoming overseas of £30,696 million (31 March 2012, £28,069 million) in ministerial visits are classified as restricted information the BIS annual report and accounts (question a). and as such cannot be published. 7W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 8W

PRIME MINISTER Crown Prosecution Service China Emily Thornberry: To ask the Attorney-General Kerry McCarthy: To ask the Prime Minister (1) if he pursuant to the answer of 28 November 2013, Official will discuss with representatives of the Chinese Government Report, column 426W, on Crown Prosecution Service, the UK and China’s priorities for the Human Rights how many of the CPS’s decisions to take no further Council during his forthcoming visit to China; [177754] action that were subject to a review were not fully upheld by the reviewing prosecutor; and in how many (2) if he will discuss climate change and global action such cases was the suspect then charged. [178221] to reduce greenhouse gas emissions with representatives of the Chinese Government during his forthcoming visit to China; [177755] The Solicitor-General: The Crown Prosecution Service (3) if he will discuss (a) the abolition of the death has overturned the decision of the prosecutor in 57 penalty, (b) freedom of expression and (c) freedom of instances where a review has been requested in relation religion or belief with representatives of the Chinese to a decision not to bring proceedings. Charges have Government during his forthcoming visit to China. been recommended in each of those instances. [177756] Emily Thornberry: To ask the Attorney-General pursuant The Prime Minister: The Government is committed to the answer of 28 November 2013, Official Report, to engagement with China on a full range of subjects as column 426W,on Crown Prosecution Service, how many part of a broad and mature relationship. Nothing was of the CPS’s decisions to discontinue post-charge that off limits in my conversations in China and I raised were subject to a review were not upheld by the reviewing climate change and human rights issues and agreed a prosecutor. [178222] new round of the UK-China human rights dialogue in early 2014. The Solicitor-General: The Crown Prosecution Service Poverty has overturned the decision of the prosecutor in 15 instances where a review has been requested in relation to a decision to discontinue proceedings following charge. Chris Ruane: To ask the Prime Minister how many times the word ‘poverty’ has been mentioned in No. 10 Downing street’s parliamentary answers in Session (a) Emily Thornberry: To ask the Attorney-General 2011-12 and (b) 2012-13. [178399] pursuant to the answer of 22 October 2013, Official Report, column 138W, on Crown Prosecution Service, The Prime Minister: My parliamentary answers are a if he will place in the Library anonymised reports from matter of public record and can be found in the Official the Parliamentary Ombudsman that were critical of the Report. Copies are available in the Libraries of the Crown Prosecution Service. [179730] House. Shaker Aamer The Attorney-General: Any decision to publish the reports would be the responsibility of the Parliamentary Ombudsman. Sir Menzies Campbell: To ask the Prime Minister what discussions he had with President Obama at the G8 summit in summer 2013 about the release of Shaker Electronic Surveillance Aamer from Guantanamo Bay; and if he will make a statement. [178708] Emily Thornberry: To ask the Attorney-General if he The Prime Minister: I refer the right hon. and learned will make representations to the Law Commission on a Member to the answer I gave to my hon. Friend the review of the legal framework of how the Government Member for Battersea (Jane Ellison) on 19 June 2013, gathers intelligence from electronic communications. Official Report, column 901. [179668]

The Attorney-General: The Intelligence and Security ATTORNEY-GENERAL Committee of Parliament recently considered the legal framework which governs GCHQ’s access to the content Animals Act 1971 of communications following GCHQ’s alleged access to such under the US PRISM programme. It concluded Damian Hinds: To ask the Attorney-General how that GCHQ had not circumvented or attempted to many convictions have been obtained under the Animals circumvent UK law. However, the Intelligence and Security Act 1971 for (a) offences relating to horses and (b) all Committee did announce its intention to review whether other offences in each year since 2003. [177918] the current statutory framework, which governs security and intelligence agencies’ access to the content of private The Solicitor-General: The Animals Act 1971 is an communications, remains adequate. The Interception Act to make provision with respect to civil liability for of Communications Commissioner is also intending to damage done by animals and the protection of livestock report his findings on these issues when he publishes from dogs. Proceedings brought under the provisions of his annual report early next year. In light of this ongoing the Act are non-criminal and are not conducted by the work, I have no plans to make representations to the Law Crown Prosecution Service. Commission for them to review the legal framework. 9W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 10W

Female Genital Mutilation Poverty

Emily Thornberry: To ask the Attorney-General how Chris Ruane: To ask the Attorney-General how many many cases of female genital mutilation are currently times the word “poverty” has been mentioned in the being considered for criminal charges by the Crown Law Officers’ Departments’ parliamentary answers in Prosecution Service. [179670] Session (a) 2011-12 and (b) 2012-13. [178383]

The Attorney-General: The Crown Prosecution Service The Solicitor-General: None. is currently considering six cases of female genital mutilation to advise the police on lines of inquiry and charging advice. ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE

GCHQ Boilers: West Sussex

Emily Thornberry: To ask the Attorney-General on Nicholas Soames: To ask the Secretary of State for how many occasions he has been briefed on the legal Energy and Climate Change who the installer organisations framework for the intelligence gathering activities of approved to install new oil boilers in West Sussex under the Green Deal and energy company obligation schemes GCHQ since 2010. [179669] are. [178277]

The Attorney-General: I have on occasion been briefed Gregory Barker: An approved list of Green Deal on aspects of the legal framework for the intelligence installers can be found by following the link. Green gathering activities of GCHQ since 2010. We do not Deal assessors and providers can also be found on the keep any central record of how often this has occurred. same website. http://gdorb.decc.gov.uk/find-a-green-deal-supplier/ Highways Act 1980 advanced?clear=true&DECC=true As of 4 December 2013 there were nine companies Damian Hinds: To ask the Attorney-General how indicating that they operate in West Sussex who are many convictions have been obtained under the Highways registered to install oil-fired condensing boilers. Act 1980 for (a) offences relating to horses and (b) all There is not a separate list of approved energy company other offences in each year since 2003. [177917] obligation installers but many Green Deal installers also carry out installation work under the energy company The Solicitor-General: The records held by the Crown obligation scheme. Prosecution Service (CPS) identify the number of offences Consumers can also call the Energy Saving Advice in which a prosecution commenced and reached a first Service on 0300 123 1234 and they will provide the hearing in magistrates courts, rather than the number of names of three local suppliers. convictions obtained, since April 2004. A single defendant may be prosecuted for multiple offences. Carbon Monoxide: Poisoning Offences relating to animals are prosecuted by way of Section 155 of the Highways Act 1980 (animals straying Mr Sheerman: To ask the Secretary of State for or lying on the highway). The following table shows the Energy and Climate Change what assessment his number of these offences and all other offences under Department has made of whether current arrangements the Highways Act 1980, charged and reaching a first for information provision by energy suppliers are sufficient hearing, in each of the last nine years. to ensure that their customers are aware of the dangers arising from carbon monoxide. [179652] (b) AH other (a) S.155 Highways Highways Act Michael Fallon: Through the Gas Suppliers Standard Act offences Licence Condition 29, Ofgem, regulator 2004-05 20 367 for the gas and electricity markets, requires suppliers annually to inform domestic customers of: 2005-06 18 256 2006-07 21 274 the safe use of gas appliances and other gas fittings; 2007-08 17 240 the dangers of carbon monoxide poisoning; 2008-09 10 203 the benefits of fitting an audible carbon monoxide alarm that 2009-10 17 297 complies with a relevant British or European safety standard; 2010-11 5 254 the benefits of gas safety checks; and 2011-12 55 163 where to seek advice if gas appliances are condemned as a 2012-13 28 160 result of a gas safety check. In 2011, the All Party Parliamentary Gas Safety “Animals”as defined by the Act are horses (including Group published a report recommending that “Ofgem ponies, asses or mules), cattle, sheep, goats or swine. It is should regularly review and evaluate the effectiveness of not possible to disaggregate these figures to show separately the requirement for gas retailers to raise awareness of the number of Highways Act offences relating solely to carbon monoxide”. Following this, Ofgem has contacted horses. To obtain this information would require a all suppliers to ask them what they do to monitor the manual exercise of reviewing individual case files to be effectiveness of their communications with customers undertaken at a disproportionate cost. regarding carbon monoxide. Having received responses 11W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 12W to this question Ofgem plans to discuss the matter interconnections from (a) England to Scotland and further with suppliers during bilateral social obligations (b) Scotland to England in each month since January meetings which are scheduled in the new year. 2010. [179693] Gas distributors are also obligated to raise awareness of carbon monoxide safety as part of the price control. Michael Fallon [holding answer 5 December 2013]: Ofgem is currently undertaking a review of the Priority The amount of electricity that has passed through the Services Register (PSR)—a range of free services that interconnectors between England and Scotland in each suppliers and distributors are obliged to offer to their month since January 2010 is shown in the table. The most vulnerable customers—to examine whether the 2012 figures will be published in the December 2013 services offered remain relevant and whether they are edition of Energy Trends at 9:30 am on 1 December targeted at the appropriate customers. These services 2013 and will be available on the DECC statistics webpage: include free gas safety checks. https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/energy-trends Directors GWh Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for 2010 2011 England- Scotland- England- Scotland- Energy and Climate Change how many of his Department’s Scotland England Scotland England (a) executive and (b) non-executive board members are (i) men and (ii) women. [178114] January 16 803 16 696 February 122 321 53 678 Gregory Barker: Currently, four men and two women March 31 679 151 222 sit on the executive board; and two men and one woman April 0 235 5 868 are non-executive board members. May 11 484 0 1,071 June 7 656 0 977 Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for July 1 1,113 0 918 Energy and Climate Change how many of his Department’s August 4 606 2 788 (a) executive and (b) non-executive board members September 0 1,037 0 1,064 are identified as (i) white British and (ii) of black, Asian October 0 948 10 1,068 and other minority ethnic groups. [178134] November 16 777 0 1,664 December 33 578 0 1,819 Gregory Barker: The Department monitors the ethnic Source: December 2012, Energy Trends: diversity of boards but racial or ethnic identity is not https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/energy-trends self-evident and is sensitive personal data. Given the small numbers involved we could not disclose the results of our monitoring without infringing the rights of the Energy: Prices individuals concerned. In his most recent annual report (2012-13) the Derek Twigg: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy Government Lead Non-Executive, Lord Browne, accepted and Climate Change what recent representations he has that “the numbers of non-executives with minority received from energy intensive manufacturing companies ethnic backgrounds remains disappointingly low” but in the UK on high energy prices. [178080] reiterated his commitment to improving their representation on departmental boards. This is a commitment I share. Michael Fallon: The Secretary of State for Energy The Department is committed to ensuring that it and Climate Change, the right hon. Member for Kingston reflects the diversity of the public which we serve at all and Surbiton (Mr Davey) and other DECC Ministers levels. regularly receive representations from energy intensive Electric Cables manufacturing companies and representative bodies on a broad range of issues including energy prices. Details of whom DECC Ministers meet is published online as Derek Twigg: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy part of the Government’s commitment to transparency. and Climate Change what the cost to his Department to These can be found at: date has been of the application by SP Manweb plc for https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/edward-daveys- a necessary wayleave to retain an installed 132kV electric meetings-with-external-organisations-april-to-june-2013 line at land at the Business and Technical Park, Runcorn, Cheshire. [178079] https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/greg-barkers- meetings-with-external-organisations-april-to-june-2013 Gregory Barker: The Secretary of State for Energy https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/michael-fallons- and Climate Change, the right hon. Member for Kingston meetings-with-external-organisations-april-to-june-2013 and Surbiton (Mr Davey) does not maintain a record of https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/baroness- the costs incurred by his Department to process individual vermas-meetings-with-external-organisations-april-to-june- necessary wayleave applications. 2013

Electricity Interconnectors Derek Twigg: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change at which meetings with the Tom Greatrex: To ask the Secretary of State for big six energy companies he asked them to not increase Energy and Climate Change what assessment he has or to lower prices that were being charged to their made of the amount of electricity that passed through customers in the last six months. [178105] 13W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 14W

Michael Fallon: The Secretary of State for Energy Geothermal Power and Climate Change, the right hon. Member for Kingston and Surbiton (Mr Davey) has not held any meeting Sarah Newton: To ask the Secretary of State for where he has asked energy companies to lower or not to Energy and Climate Change with reference to the Deep increase their prices. Geothermal Review Study conducted by Atkins for his Department, published in October 2013, when he expects Derek Twigg: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy to publish plans to implement the report’s recommendation and Climate Change pursuant to his oral statement on for a deep geothermal energy demonstrator project. 2 December 2013, Official Report, column 634, on [178311] energy bills, on what dates the meetings were held at which he raised the issue of profits and prices with the Gregory Barker: I shall shortly be writing to the big six energy companies. [178310] Renewable Energy Association (REA) and to the chair of the REA Deep Geothermal Group setting out the Michael Fallon: Given the number of meetings the conclusions that the Government has drawn from the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change, the Atkins report. I shall also write to my hon. Friend. right hon. Member for Kingston and Surbiton (Mr Davey) has had with the big six energy companies since taking up post, the information requested can be provided Internet only at disproportionate cost. Valerie Vaz: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy Energy: VAT and Climate Change whether access to any websites or domains is blocked from computers in his Department; Mr Chope: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and if he will publish a list of all such websites and and Climate Change pursuant to the oral contribution domains to which access is prohibited. [178502] of 2 December 2013, Official Report, column 632, on energy bills, what the evidential basis was for his Gregory Barker: The Department uses a commercial assertion that abolishing VAT on household energy appliance which blocks specific website requests. The bills would be illegal. [178102] commercial supplier of the appliance provides a database of many thousands of websites, categorised according Gregory Barker: Value added tax (VAT) is a tax paid to the sort of information each provides. The Department on goods and services bought in the European Union. has identified which categories to block, and requests The reduced VAT rate of 5% that applies to gas and for websites falling into that category, will be denied. electricity in the UK is the lowest permissible under the The database is updated every night by the supplier, a EU VAT directive. service for which the Department pays a subscription. Extracting a complete list of banned websites would Fracking be potentially misleading, as new websites are added or recategorised on a daily basis, making any list obsolete as soon as it is produced. Mr O’Brien: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change what steps the Office of Unconventional Gas and Oil is currently taking to Offshore Industry: Safety encourage drilling to determine the amount of recoverable onshore and offshore shale gas in (a) the UK and (b) Bowland Shale in Lancashire. [178608] Ann McKechin: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change when he plans to publish his Department’s official report on the blowout on the Michael Fallon: Seven thousand three hundred square Elgin platforms in March 2012. [179732] miles of Great Britain are currently under licence, including significant areas likely to contain shale. We expect Michael Fallon: The HSE led joint HSE/DECC substantial developer interest in the 14th licence round, investigation into the loss of well control and blowout planned for next year. on the Elgin installation that occurred in March 2012 is We have done the following to encourage shale gas ongoing. The investigation is still in the evidence gathering exploration and development: phase with DECC and HSE officials scheduled to obtain In the autumn statement, the Chancellor announced support further witness evidence into early 2014. to encourage investment in onshore oil and gas, including shale Upon conclusion of the investigation, separate reports gas, by halving the tax rate on early profits. for the consideration of criminal proceedings regarding The Department for Communities and Local Government has this incident will be passed to the Crown Office and published planning guidance that clarifies the interaction of the Procurator Fiscal Service (COPFS). These reports will planning process with the environmental and safety consenting regimes. This should accelerate the planning process. detail the potential contraventions of both offshore health and safety and offshore environmental regulations The Environment Agency (EA) has announced it will streamline and permits that occurred as a result of the blowout. and simplify the regulation of exploratory activity, while maintaining environmental protection. The necessary constraints of the investigation restricts The Government has welcomed a package of community the sharing of lessons in the short term but at an benefits brought forward by industry. These will include £100,000 appropriate time in the future, lessons learned will be for communities near each hydraulically fractured exploratory shared with the wider industry through the appropriate well, and 1% of revenues from every production site. industry forums. 15W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 16W

Power Failures scheme to help improve the performance of technologies, as well as payments for new installations to which the Derek Twigg: To ask the Secretary of State for Energy above numbers of installations refer. and Climate Change what assessment he has made of the likelihood of power cuts due to a shortage of energy supplies in the coming winter. [178104] HOME DEPARTMENT Michael Fallon: The Statutory Security of Supply Administration of Justice: EU Action Report was published on 31 October 2013 which looked in detail at the capacity of the electricity system to meet Emily Thornberry: To ask the Secretary of State for the reasonable demands of consumers both this winter the Home Department if he will apply to the European and in the longer term. Court of Justice for a judicial review of the European Renewable Heat Incentive Scheme Commission’s proposals to create a European Public Prosecutor’s Office and associated reforms to Eurojust on the grounds that they infringe the principle of Jonathan Reynolds: To ask the Secretary of State for subsidiarity. [178106] Energy and Climate Change what the likely interest in the Renewable Heat Incentive for domestic properties James Brokenshire: By issuing a subsidiarity ″yellow will be when it is launched in spring 2014; and what card″ against the European Public Prosecutor’s Office estimate he has made of the consequent cost to the (EPPO), national Parliaments have sent a clear signal to Exchequer. [177827] the Commission that the proposal is in breach of the principle of subsidiarity. Gregory Barker: On Wednesday 4 December, DECC published a number of Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) The Commission’s decision to ″maintain″ the proposal documents, including an update on the budget management in response to the serious concerns raised by national of the Domestic RHI. In that document we state that, Parliaments is unwelcome. at the tariff levels in place when the scheme launches, The principle of subsidiarity has important significance we believe that the scheme could see an increase from within the treaties and the associated role of national current levels of renewable heat deployment to Parliaments in the subsidiarity control mechanism must approximately 35,000 installations in 2014-15 and 57,000 be respected. All national Parliaments that issued Reasoned installations in 2015-16. This is a significant increase on Opinions against the EPPO will wish to consider their current levels of deployment, but it is important to note response to the Commission. that this is the sort of scale of deployment that the The Government do not rule out any available options budget can support rather than a specific target for at this time. deployment. The actual number of installations supported will depend significantly on the balance between Association of Chief Police Officers technologies and the size of installations. If tariff levels reduce as a result of deployment Tim Loughton: To ask the Secretary of State for the meeting a degression trigger (demand for the scheme Home Department what level of public funds has been was very high or technology costs were lower than we allocated to the Association of Chief Police Officers in anticipated), we would be able to support an even larger each of the last five years. [178417] number of installations. The total cost of the domestic scheme is estimated to Damian Green: The information requested is shown be £44.8 million in 2014-15 and £80.1 million the following in the following table: year. This includes funding for payments to those who These figures are actual payments made for each have already acted in line with the Government’s respective year and function shown, and supersede those announcements since July 2009, a metering and monitoring published in previous PQs.

Table 1: Grant payments made to the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) for 2009/10 to 2013/14 2013-14 Funding area 2009-10 (£) 2010-11 (£) 2011-12 (£) 2012-13 (£) (projected) (£) Details

Grant in aid funding 836,232 823,688 792,770 561,833 - To meet the costs of the ACPO president and ACPO HQ central administration- office costs Supplementary grant - - 250,000 - - One-off allocation to help in aid funding meet shortfall in funding from police authorities UK Disaster Victim 673,565 540,511 453,336 440,350 1500,000 To provide national expertise Identification and support on the identification of victims in the event of mass fatality incidents National Domestic 2,000,000 - - - - To provide intelligence on Extremism Team2 domestic extremism and strategic public order issues in the UK Policing the 414,923 388,482 551,561 337,095 - Co-ordinating work-provided Olympics3 directly to ACPO 17W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 18W

Table 1: Grant payments made to the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) for 2009/10 to 2013/14 2013-14 Funding area 2009-10 (£) 2010-11 (£) 2011-12 (£) 2012-13 (£) (projected) (£) Details

National Policing - - - 323,936 41,908,000 NPoCC replaced PNICC Coordination Centre following the London (NPoCC) Olympics. ACPO host NPoCC Contribution to the - 109,912 428,684 353,480 - Funding to PNICC for Police National Olympic -related work Intelligence Co-ordination Centre (PNICC) Co-ordination of 7,960,600 - - - - Funds the national Counter-Terrorism coordination functions: the policing5 National Coordinator of Special Branch, media liaison work, Counter-Terrorism training needs analysis and the police contribution to the Border Management programme Prevent5 2,427,750 - - - - Prevent Channel project-a multi-agency approach to protecting people from the risk of radicalisation Prevent5 3,867,990 - - - - Provision of Prevent Engagement Officers who connect Counter-Terrorism policing, neighbourhood policing and communities Prisoner Intelligence 4,267,000 - - - - Provides strategic and tactical Network5 functions on matters relating to the intelligence, security, activity and location of all terrorist and extremist prisoners across England, Wales and Scotland

Total 22,448,060 1,862,593 2,476,351 2,016,694 2,408,000 1 Agreement in place for payment not exceeding stated figure. 2 The role and functions of the National Domestic Extremism Team moved to the MPS after 2009-10. 3 ACPO had an additional responsibility in supporting co-ordination of Olympic policing, Funding for this role is included here to reflect the total funding provided by the Home Office and therefore was not included in the answer to a previous PQ on ACPO’s core work (HL 16545). 4 Agreement in place for payment not exceeding stated figure. 5 In the interests of protecting national security, we do not disclose how the total Home Office grants for counter-terrorism policing are allocated among police forces, other bodies, and functions. Figures for 2009-10 had already been published prior to May 2010 and before this change in policy.

Domestic Violence The Government is committed to ensuring that the police and other agencies have the tools necessary to tackle domestic violence, to bring offenders to justice and Andrew Stephenson: To ask the Secretary of State for to ensure victims have the support they need to rebuild the Home Department (1) when she expects domestic their lives. violence protection orders and the domestic violence Human Trafficking disclosure scheme to become fully operational nationwide; [179339] Fiona Mactaggart: To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department whether her Department’s (2) whether her Department has set any targets counting rules include a separate category of crime for related to reducing domestic violence through the (a) human trafficking and (b) other forms of modern nationwide expansion of Clare’s Law. [179365] slavery. [177993] James Brokenshire: The Home Office Counting Rules Norman Baker: On 25 November 2013, we announced for crime (HOCR) has a separate category for crimes of our intention to extend both Domestic Violence Protection human trafficking for sexual exploitation. Other crimes Orders and the Domestic Violence Disclosure Scheme relating to trafficking and modern slavery are not separately (DVDS, also known as Clare’s Law) across all of England categorised within the HOCR but are included within and Wales from March 2014. This follows the successful other offence classifications. conclusion of two pilots to test these provisions. Mr Dodds: To ask the Secretary of State for the There are no plans to set any arbitrary targets related Home Department what recent consultation she has to reducing domestic violence and abuse through the had with the devolved administrations on the prevention national extension of the DVDS. The DVDS forms part of human trafficking. [179653] of the Government’s commitment to identify new ways of protecting victims and preventing tragic incidents James Brokenshire: Ministers from the devolved from happening. Findings from the DVDS pilot indicate Administrations are members of the Inter-Departmental that this scheme is a useful way of providing individuals Ministerial Group on human trafficking which I chair. This with information to help them to make a more informed group meets regularly to provide the strategic coordination choice about their relationship. and oversight of efforts to tackle this horrendous crime. 19W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 20W

We are also engaged with the devolved Administrations James Brokenshire [holding answer 3 December 2013]: in the development of the forthcoming Modern Slavery The contact from the Department for Education on the Bill. 5 September 2013 was directly to the National Fraud Authority’s action fraud team who checked the status Independent Police Complaints Commission of the case on the system and responded directly to the question asked by the Department. The National Fraud Andrew Gwynne: To ask the Secretary of State for the Intelligence Bureau were not involved in this correspondence Home Department pursuant to the answer of 29 November and at this point no review had taken place. 2013, Official Report, column 476W, whether the Offences Against Children: Internet Independent Police Complaints Commission will investigate cases involving the (a) Ministry of Defence Police, (b) Yasmin Qureshi: To ask the Secretary of State for the Civil Nuclear Constabulary and (c) British Transport Home Department what steps she is taking to reduce Police following its expansion. [178348] the number of people downloading child abuse images; and if she will make a statement. [178223] Damian Green: The organisations refer cases to the Damian Green: I refer the hon. Member to the reply Independent Police Complaints Commission, which then given on 26 November 2013, Official Report, columns decides what form of investigation, if any, to carry out. 178-79W. It will continue to do so. Pay Internet: Privacy Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department (1) what the median gross pay is of : To ask the Secretary of State for the staff in her Department and its Executive agencies in Home Department (1) what assessment she has made each pay band who are identified as (a) white British of the potential risks of illegal adult content and child and (b) of black, Asian and other minority ethnic abuse associated with the use of TOR; [179704] groups; [178178] (2) what assessment her Department has made of the (2) what the median gross pay of (a) men and (b) use of TOR on the internet. [179705] women is in each pay band in her Department. [178196] Damian Green: The Child Exploitation and Online James Brokenshire: The median gross pay of (a) men Protection Centre (CEOP), now a Command of the and (b) women in each pay band in the Home Office National Crime Agency (NCA), published its threat (core Department and Executive agencies) as at 31 assessment “Threat Assessment of Child Sexual Exploitation March 2013 is shown in Table 1. and Abuse” on 2 July 2013. The assessment made clear The median gross pay of (a) white employees and that the use of the hidden internet remains a key threat (b) minority ethnic employees in each pay band in the and that use of it by UK offenders as a method of Home Office (core Department and Executive agencies) sharing illegal images of children had most likely increased. as at 31 March 2013 is shown in Table 2. The NCA is committed to disrupting those who seek Table 1: Home Office median gross pay by gender and pay band March 2013 to sexually abuse children, and create, possess and share Median pay (£) these images through any means and through the hidden Grade equivalency (a) Male (b) Female internet. The Government is committed to this and to take further action, Britain and the US have joined up AA 15,105 15,105 to target child abuse online through a new UK-US AO 18,114 18,114 taskforce to work with industry to counter online child EO 26,079 25,778 sexual exploitation. HEO 31,306 30,997 SEO 39,674 40,220 G7 54,362 54,239 Kings Science Academy G6 67,259 66,077 SCS 81,247 75,888 Kevin Brennan: To ask the Secretary of State for the Notes: Home Department pursuant to the answer of 2 1. Extract date: 1 April 2013. December 2013, Official Report, column 531W, on 2. Period covered: Data provided is as at 31 March 2013. 3. Organisational coverage: Figures include the core Home Office (including Kings Science Academy, when she expects the review to Border Force) and the Executive agencies as at 31 March 2013; UK Border be completed. [178209] Agency, HM Passport Office and the National Fraud Authority. 4. Employee coverage: Data includes all paid civil servants as at 31 March 2013. Data is provided by grade equivalency; each grade band includes the grade James Brokenshire: The review is expected to be stated plus equivalents. completed by the end of February 2014 when a copy 5. Transparency Agenda considerations: Median gross pay has been calculated using annualised, full-time equivalent basic salary plus London living allowance. will be placed in the Library. This is consistent with the methodology used in the Home Office annual report and accounts 2012-13, previous PQ responses and the Employment Monitoring Mr Ward: To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Report 2012-13. 6. Calculations: The median is the numerical value or quantity found at the Department pursuant to the answer of 27 November mid-point of an ordered list of values or quantities (in this case salary). The 2013, Official Report, column 301W, on Kings Science median of a finite list of numbers can be found by arranging them from lowest Academy, for what reason the National Fraud Intelligence to highest value and picking the middle one. If there is an even number of observations, and no single middle value; the median is then taken to be the Bureau did not request further information from the mean of the two middle values. Department for Education when Action Fraud reported 7. Rounding: Figures have been rounded to the nearest pound. to the Department for Education that there was not Source: Salary taken from P60 information from payroll and validated and cleansed enough information to progress the case further on 5 against Data View-the Home Office’s single source of Office for National September 2013. [179494] Statistics compliant monthly snapshot corporate Human Resources data. 21W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 22W

Table 2: Home Office median gross pay by ethnicity and pay band March 2013 ensure that the legislative framework supports getting the right Median pay (£) support for people at the right time; Grade equivalency (a) White (b) Minority Ethnic two new health based places of safety to open in January in Scarborough and York-North Yorkshire is the only police AA 15,105 17,661 force area in England where there are currently no health AO 17,877 20,367 based places of safety to take people detained under section EO 25,286 26,248 136; and, HEO 30,697 31,917 the Department of Health funding nine police forces to pilot SEO 39,472 40,777 mental, health street triage schemes, which involve police officers G7 54,239 53,974 and health professionals working together on the ground, with G6 66,720 66,720 a key aim of using that expertise to reduce the number of SCS 79,160 76,366 section 136 detentions necessary. Notes: The Home Department is also signing up to the Mental 1. Extract date: 1 April 2013. Health Crisis Care Concordat, an agreement between a 2. Period covered: Data provided is as at 31 March 2013. 3. Organisational coverage: Figures include the core Home Office (including wide range of national agencies including NHS England Border Force) and the Executive agencies as at 31 March 2013; UK Border and the police, which includes principles and actions Agency, HM Passport Office and the National Fraud Authority. that I expect will lead to many fewer people detained 4. Employee coverage: Data includes paid civil servants as at 31 March 2013. Data is provided by grade equivalency; each grade band includes the grade under section 136 being taken into police custody. stated plus equivalents. Data is reported based on the Department’s standard In particular, the concordat challenges local partners ethnicity groupings; white and minority ethnic. Only those employees who made a positive statement to diversity monitoring questions with regards to to provide the services necessary to meet the needs of their ethnicity are included; those who did not respond or chose to ″prefer not those suffering mental health crises locally. ″ to say are not included here. 1 5. Transparency Agenda considerations: Median gross pay has been calculated In-patients formally detained in hospitals under the Mental using annualised, full-time equivalent basic salary plus London living allowance. Health Act 1983 and patients subject to Supervised Community This is consistent with the methodology used in the Home Office annual report Treatment Annual Figures, England 2012-13-published by the and accounts 2012-13, previous PQ responses and the Employment Monitoring Health and Social Care Information Centre, October 2013. Report 2012-13. 6. Calculations: The median is the numerical value or quantity found at the mid-point of an ordered list of values or quantities (in this case salary). The Police: Disciplinary Proceedings median of a finite list of numbers can be found by arranging them from lowest to highest value and picking the middle one. If there is an even number of observations, and no single middle value; the median is then taken to be the Tim Loughton: To ask the Secretary of State for the mean of the two middle values. Home Department how many serving police officers 7. Rounding: Figures have been rounded to the nearest pound. Source: are currently suspended from duty in each constabulary. Salary taken from P60 information from payroll and validated and cleansed [178419] against Data View-the Home Office’s single source of Office for National Statistics compliant monthly snapshot corporate Human Resources data. Damian Green: The following table contains data on Police Custody: Mental Illness the number of police officers suspended for more than 28 calendar days as at 31 March 2013 (ie the most recent data), for each police force area. Andrew Bridgen: To ask the Secretary of State for the 1 2 Home Department what steps she plans to take to Number of full-time equivalent police officers suspended as at 31 March 2013 reduce the numbers of people with mental health problems Number suspended taken into police custody under section 136 of the Avon and Somerset 1.0 Mental Health Act 1983. [179274] Bedfordshire 0.0 Cambridgeshire 1.0 Damian Green: It is not acceptable for people detained Cheshire 0.0 under section 136 of the Mental Health Act 1983, who Cleveland 0.0 are not being investigated for a crime, to be taken into Cumbria 0.0 police custody-other than in genuinely exceptional Derbyshire 0.0 circumstances, such as the person’s behaviour presenting Devon and Cornwall 4.0 an unmanageably high risk of harm to health care Dorset 0.0 patients or staff. Durham 1.0 In 2012-13, 8,004 detentions made under section 136 Dyfed-Powys 3.0 resulted in the police taking the individual to a police 3.0 station-that amounts to 36% of all section 136 detentions1. 0.0 Greater Manchester 4.0 The lack of a health based place of safety is not an Gwent 4.0 acceptable reason for police custody to be used. In Hampshire 0.0 England it is the responsibility of NHS Clinical Hertfordshire 0.0 Commissioning Groups to ensure that a sufficient number Humberside 1.0 of health based places of safety appropriately staffed, Kent 15.8 are provided in the area for which they are responsible. Lancashire 1.0 In Wales the has responsibility for Leicestershire 0.0 health commissioning. Lincolnshire 0.0 In May this year the Secretary of State for the Home London, City of 0.0 Department announced a number of measures aimed at Merseyside 3.0 reducing the numbers of people detained under section Metropolitan Police 35.0 136 being taken into police custody, including: Norfolk 2.0 a review of the operation of Sections 135 and 136 of the Northamptonshire 0.0 Mental Health Act will get under way this financial year-to Northumbria 2.0 23W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 24W

Number of full-time equivalent1 police officers suspended as at 31 March 20132 However, we are clear that when an alleged offence Number suspended took place should have no bearing on the CJS response. North Wales 0.0 All victims of rape and sexual violence should be treated North Yorkshire 0.0 with dignity, and, all investigations conducted thoroughly Nottinghamshire 15.0 and professionally, regardless of when the alleged offence South Wales 12.0 took place. South Yorkshire 1.0 Staffordshire 1.0 Suffolk 2.0 Sexual Offences: Greater London 2.0 Sussex 0.0 Mr Steve Reed: To ask the Secretary of State for the Thames Valley 5.0 Home Department pursuant to the oral evidence of Warwickshire 0.0 James Patrick to the Public Administration Select West Mercia 4.0 Committee, 19 November 2013, HC 760, Q7, what West Midlands 8.0 assessment she has made of the allegation that the West Yorkshire 1.0 Metropolitan Police had effectively been under-recording Wiltshire 2.0 rape and serious sexual offences by between 22 per cent Total 133.8 and 25 per cent; and if she will make a statement. 1 This table contains full-time equivalent figures. [177655] 2 These figures are not regularly published; they have not been verified by police forces and should be treated as provisional. Source: Norman Baker [holding answer 29 November 2013]: Home Office, using data received from police forces via the Annual Data We want to ensure that all victims of rape and sexual Requirement. violence are treated with dignity, and that police Police: Information investigations are conducted thoroughly and professionally. Any officer suspected of falsifying crime figures should be investigated and punished if found guilty. Tim Loughton: To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department (1) what discussions she has had The Government is encouraged that the most recent with the Association of Chief Police Officers on the crime statistics showed an increase in the number of operation of police information notices (PINS); and rape and sexual violence cases reported to the police, whether she plans to review guidance on the operation indicating that more victims are having the confidence to come forward and report these crimes. In addition, of PINS; [178418] the ‘no crime’ rate for rape has fallen from 12.6% in (2) pursuant to the answer of 2 December 2013, 2009-10 to 9.6% in 2012-13. Official Report, column 532W, on police: information, what guidance she has issued on the repeat issuing of The ‘no crime’ rate for the Metropolitan police for police information notices to the same person on the rape has fallen from 12.9% in 2009-10 to 12.0% in basis of similar allegations. [178444] 2012-13. As part of their work to ensure the quality of police Damian Green: I refer my hon. Friend to the answer crime recording and service delivery to victims, Her given on 12 November 2013, Official Report, column Majesty’s Inspectorate of Constabulary is inspecting 546W. forces to ensure standards are being met, including on the recording of rape, and will publish a national thematic report next autumn. Recruitment

Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for the Tickets: Touting Home Department what proportion of staff recruited to her Department since 5 May 2010 were (a) men and : To ask the Secretary of State for the (b) women. [178158] Home Department what resources her Department has allocated to policing the illegal use of ticket bots, as James Brokenshire: The Home Office has recruited proscribed under the Computer Misuse Act 1990. 2,177 staff since 5 May 2010—52.37% were male and [179373] 47.63% were female. James Brokenshire [holding answer 2 December 2013]: Sexual Offences Cyber crime is a serious threat to the UK and this Government has taken action to tackle it. The Government Fiona Mactaggart: To ask the Secretary of State for has so far committed £63 million of funding from the the Home Department what definition her Department National Cyber Security Programme to build law uses for cases of historic sexual violence. [178002] enforcement capabilities to tackle all forms of cyber crime and to support crime prevention work. Norman Baker: The Office for National Statistics The decision as to how policing teams are resourced, uses the following categories, for the purposes of better deployed and the duties those officers undertake is an understanding current trends in reporting of sexual operational matter for chief constables, in association offences: cases reported to the police that occurred with their police and crime commissioner. The National more than 20 years ago; those between one and 20 years Crime Agency will lead operations on organised crime, ago; and those within the previous year. which includes cyber and economic crime. 25W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 26W

WOMEN AND EQUALITIES Mr Vaizey: The Government has made available £100.8m of funding available from the DCMS rural broadband Governing Bodies: Females programme to support broadband delivery in Scotland. This will support universal availability of standard Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Minister for Women and broadband as well as extending superfast broadband Equalities (1) what steps she is taking to incentivise an coverage within Scotland. The funding is allocated through increase in the number of women on executive boards two projects, one for the Highlands and Islands, and of national governing bodies; [179681] one for the rest of Scotland. Both projects are in the (2) what consideration she has given to establishing a design and planning stages. minimum quota of women on the board of a national governing body as a pre-application criterion for Pamela Nash: To ask the Secretary of State for funding from her Department or its executive agencies. Culture, Media and Sport (1) what recent progress she [179682] has made in rolling out broadband to (a) towns and (b) villages in (i) Scotland and (ii) Airdrie and Shotts Mrs Grant: The Government is committed to achieving constituency; [178448] equality in sport and, in return for public funding, we (2) what discussions she had with the Chancellor of expect sports’ National Governing Bodies (NGBs) to the Exchequer ahead of the Autumn Statement on the achieve a target of at least 25% of women on their allocation of funds for superfast broadband roll-out in Boards by 2017. UK Sport and Sport England continue the UK; [178449] to work with sports’ NGBs to help them understand the (3) what assessment she has made of the effect of value of a more diverse Board in terms of gender reaching her target of universal broadband coverage by balance and broader diversity considerations. 2015 on the availability of video relay services for British Sign Language users in rural areas in Scotland; [178450] CULTURE, MEDIA AND SPORT (4) whether the (a) Rural Community Broadband Fund and (b) Broadband Delivery UK superfast Advertising Standards Authority broadband fund may be used to fund broadband networks based on wireless as well as wired technologies in Scotland. David Tredinnick: To ask the Secretary of State for [178456] Culture, Media and Sport what assessment she has made of the practice of the Advertising Standards Mr Vaizey: The UK Government allocated £100.8 Authority (ASA) of consulting only one designated million to the Scottish Government to support improved expert when assessing claims of medical efficacy in broadband coverage in Scotland and the Scottish advertising and marketing material; and if she will Government has lead responsibility for its own schemes request the ASA to adopt a robust peer-reviewed assessment and delivery of projects in Scotland with support from process for such claims in line with the assessments BDUK. The Rural Community Broadband Fund applies made by the National Institute for Health and Care in England only. Excellence and other public bodies. [177959] The Department for Culture, Media and Sport has not made any assessment of its broadband targets on Mr Vaizey: No such assessment has been made. the availability of video relay services for British Sign Advertising in the UK is controlled-through a system of Language users in Scotland. The Scottish Government co-regulation and self-regulation, administered by the has responsibility for the delivery of broadband projects Advertising Standards Authority (ASA). This regulatory with funding from DCMS within Scotland and for system is independent of Government and is ultimately promoting the benefits of these projects to consumers. responsible for setting the standards in advertising. Projects with funding from Broadband Delivery UK do Specific legal requirements, administered by the not require use of any specific technologies to deliver Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency the required broadband speeds. (MHRA), apply to the advertising of medicines. Ofcom have said Standard broadband has been available from virtually every telephone exchange in the UK for a Broadband number of years, although the ability to receive a service at a given property is dependent on the length and Stephen Timms: To ask the Secretary of State for quality of the telephone line. Culture, Media and Sport what recent estimate she has DCMS has confirmed with HM Treasury that it will made of the proportion of people with access to aim to reach 95% superfast broadband coverage by superfast broadband in 2015. [178424] 2017 using the £250 million announced in spending round 2013, assuming local match funding. The Treasury Mr Vaizey: DCMS estimates that superfast broadband has also announced a further £10 million to support will have been made available to approximately 88% of market testing of alternative approaches for premises in 2015. Broadband: Scotland Charitable Donations

Pamela Nash: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, Mr Blunkett: To ask the Secretary of State for Media and Sport what funding his Department provides Culture, Media and Sport what steps her Department for the provision of broadband other than superfast is taking to encourage its employees to make tax-free broadband in rural areas in Scotland. [178447] donations direct from their salaries. [179636] 27W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 28W

Mrs Grant: Following a wide consultation over the possible to receive FM reception (albeit poor quality) summer, the Government is looking to create improved with low signal strength, DAB reception is either good webpages that will provide an online presence for donors, or completely absent. to encourage donations. DCMS will be committing to FM coverage this programme. Percentage Indoor coverage Outdoor coverage Digital Broadcasting: Radio Commercial national (Classic 90.9 86.8 FM) Commercial national (Classic 97.4 90.3 Alun Cairns: To ask the Secretary of State for 1 Culture, Media and Sport what analysis she has made FM)—variable BBC national (BBC Radios 94.9 93.1 of the effect of a lack of DAB coverage on local radio 1to4) stations; and when she intends to roll-out increased BBC national (BBC Radios 99.1 95.8 DAB transmitters to ensure that local stations receive 1 to 4)—variable1 the same coverage as national stations. [179462] 1 Variable indicates that reception may be less than perfect quality; some artefacts will be present on the audio signal or there may be occasional short drop outs. Mr Vaizey: As part of the joint Government-Industry Notes: Digital Radio Action Plan, Ofcom has led a review of 1. Indoor coverage is a percentage of households which are within reception and outdoor coverage is measured by the proportion of the total extent (in km) future of DAB coverage. Ofcom published a consultation of major roads which is within reception. setting out the parameters for future DAB coverage 2. Digital One is the national commercial digital multiplex and carries 14 planning and how infrastructure needs to change to commercial stations. The BBC national digital multiplex broadcasts 11 BBC stations nationally. match current FM level, the consultation can be found 3. The only national FM licence is Classic FM. at: http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/broadcasting/radio/ Mr Bain: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, coverage/dab-coverage/?utm_source=updates&utm_ Media and Sport when she expects to make a decision medium= email&utm_campaign=dab-coverage-report on the digital radio switchover. [179757] We intend to provide an update on our plans for digital radio at the end of the year. Mr Vaizey: We intend to provide an update on our plans for digital radio shortly. The Government has Mr Bain: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, been clear that the consumer must be at the heart of any Media and Sport what estimate she has made of the decisions made. proportion of listeners to radio stations operating with a licence in the UK who listen through digital Directors platforms; what comparative assessment she has made of the scale of coverage of national radio stations on Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for digital and FM platforms; and what proportion of Culture, Media and Sport how many of her Department’s listeners are able to access local DAB radio services. (a) executive and (b) non-executive board members [179745] are (i) men and (ii) women. [178111]

Mr Vaizey: This type of data are collected and published Mrs Grant: The following table shows the number of quarterly by RAJAR Ltd (Radio Joint Audience Research). (a) executive and (b) non-executive board members According to the latest RAJAR figures (Q3 2013), the are who are (i) men and (ii) women. proportion of commercial radio listeners that had listened through a digital platform was 49%. Male Female As part of the Digital Radio Action Plan, the Government asked Ofcom to report annually on the Executive Board 25 Members availability and take-up of digital radio services. Ofcom Non-Executive 22 published the fourth progress report in September 2013 Board Members and contains the following information on DAB and FM coverage. Local DAB coverage Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for Percentage Culture, Media and Sport how many of her Department’s Indoor Outdoor (a) executive and (b) non-executive board members are identified as (i) white British and (ii) of black, Asian Aggregate of local DAB 71.7 56.4 and other minority ethnic groups. [178131] multiplexes

National DAB coverage Mrs Grant: The following table shows the number of Percentage (a) executive and (b) non-executive board members Indoor coverage Outdoor coverage who are identified as (i) white British and (ii) of black, Asian and other minority ethnic groups Commercial national (Digital 89.5 75.7 One) digital multiplex Other BBC national digital multiplex 94.4 83.6 Minority Prefer not Not White Groups to say disclosed For comparison, figures for FM coverage are in the Executive Board 3——4 following table. These are not directly comparable to Members the DAB coverage figures, mainly because although it is 29W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 30W

That auction was held earlier this year with the licences Other Minority Prefer not Not granted on 1 March. On 10 October 2013 Ofcom published White Groups to say disclosed its proposals for revising these spectrum licence fees; the consultation closes on 16 January 2014. Non-Executive ———4 Board Members Pay Completion of this data is non-mandatory for staff. Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for Football Culture, Media and Sport what the median gross pay of (a) men and (b) women is in each pay band in her Michael Connarty: To ask the Secretary of State for Department. [178189] Culture, Media and Sport what meetings her Department has had with (a) the FA, (b) EUFA and Mrs Grant: DCMS already publishes information on (c) FIFA in the last three years to discuss issues of the gender pay gap in each pay band and it can be found governance and corruption in football. [178323] at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/dcms-gender-pay- Mrs Grant: DCMS Ministers and officials have regular gap-data meetings with the national and international football Recruitment authorities to discuss a range of issues including governance and the need to improve the management of the sport. Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport what proportion of staff Internet: Competition recruited to her Department since 5 May 2010 were (a) men and (b) women. [178151] Stephen McPartland: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport if her Department will Mrs Grant: The proportion of staff recruited to the review the price levels set for BT’s regulated businesses Department since 5 May 2010 who were (a) men and to ensure that they do not affect the ability of other (b) women is disclosed in the following table: telecommunications providers to roll out internet coverage in semi-urban and rural areas. [178074] Gender Proportion of staff (%)

Mr Vaizey: Ofcom is responsible for telecommunications Male 53 market regulation, including price regulation where Female 47 appropriate. Openreach, the part of the BT Group For the period 5 May 2010 to 31 October 2012, a which owns the network infrastructure, is required by number of civil servants were recruited on loan from Ofcom to offer access to infrastructure to BT and other other Government Departments and on fixed term communications providers on non-discriminatory terms. contracts to work on the 2012 Olympic Games. Where price regulation is in place, the price that BT is allowed to charge for access is either set by Ofcom or Sports: Females required to be cost-oriented. Ofcom regularly reviews markets and prices to ensure competition. Communications Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for providers also have the option of rolling out their own Culture, Media and Sport (1) pursuant to the answer of networks to provide services. The Government has taken 18 November 2013, Official Report, column 644W, on steps to make rollout of networks easier and more sports: females, what specific targets her Department cost-effective including streamlining planning rules and set for each individual national governing body on allowing the deployment of new overhead lines. increasing participation rates among women; [179740] (2) whether Sport England will review funding for Mobile Phones: Fees and Charges national governing bodies in 2015 based on progress made by them towards meeting their targets on Mr Havard: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, increasing participation rates among women; [179741] Media and Sport (1) what assessment she has made of (3) what assessment she has made of each national the proposed increase in spectrum annual licence fees governing body’s progress on meeting their targets on on consumer prices and investment in mobile coverage increasing participation rates among women; [179742] provided by UK mobile network operators; [179706] (2) what assessment she has made of whether Ofcom’s Mrs Grant: Sport England’s 2013-17 Whole Sport assessment of the annual licence fee consultation adequately Plan investment in the national governing bodies of considered the effect of the licence fee on consumer sport (NGBs) is focused on increasing overall participation prices and mobile coverage. [179707] with an emphasis on young people and disabled people. Sport England rigorously reviews the performance of Mr Vaizey: The Government directed Ofcom in each NGB every six months. Each NGB is subject to a December 2010 to revise the fees paid for licences to use robust performance management regime. This includes spectrum in the 900 MHz and 1800 MHz bands following a ‘payment for results’ approach that focuses on delivering the auction of licences to use the 800 MHz and 2.6 GHz the participation increases agreed in their Whole Sport bands so as to reflect full market value. The statutory Plans. NGBs receiving Sport England investment have instrument making this direction was accompanied by ambitious targets to increase participation in their sport an impact assessment which is available at and these would not be achievable without the engagement http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2010/3024/impacts of women. Currently 6.8 million women play sport 31W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 32W regularly which is an increase of 530,000 since 2005. : To ask the Secretary of State for Targets set are for overall participation levels for men Environment, Food and Rural Affairs pursuant to the and women combined; there are no separate women answer of 18 November 2013, Official Report, column specific targets. 714W, on bovine tuberculosis, for what reasons 155 Television: Advertising badger carcasses were examined rather than the figure of 240 provided in response to freedom of information Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for requests; and how the 155 badgers were selected for Culture, Media and Sport pursuant to the answer of 22 post-mortem. [178204] November 2013, Official Report, column 1086W, on television: advertising, what assessment she has made George Eustice: Monitoring of humaneness was carried of the effect on children of the increase in the number out in line with the protocol approved by the Independent of advertisements watched on average. [178017] Expert Panel, which planned for up to 120 post-mortems of badgers shot with rifles, and up to 120 post-mortems Mr Vaizey: No such assessment has been made. Section of badgers shot with shotguns. The small number of 5 of the BCAP Code (the UK code of broadcast post-mortems of badgers shot with shotguns reflects advertising) focuses specifically on advertising to children, industry’s decision to use mainly rifles. and complements the general code provisions that advertisements must not mislead, harm, or cause serious Caroline Lucas: To ask the Secretary of State for or widespread offence. The Government recognises the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs pursuant to the importance of maintaining an effective, proportionate answer of 18 November 2013, Official Report, column regulatory framework to protect children; as such, 714W,on bovine tuberculosis, if he will put mechanisms advertisements for alcohol, or foods high in fat, salt and in place to assess whether the badgers submitted by cull sugar, for example, are banned in advertisements around companies for DNA collection by the Independent programmes aimed at (or likely to appeal to) children. Panel overseeing the pilots (a) were shot, (b) were shot when already dead and (c) died from causes other than shooting; and if he will make a statement. [178205] INDEPENDENT PARLIAMENTARY STANDARDS AUTHORITY COMMITTEE George Eustice: A random sample of the badgers Freedom of Information culled in the pilots were subject to post-mortem examination, in which any cause of death other than : To ask the hon. Member for shooting would have been identified. Broxbourne, representing the Speaker’s Committee for Those badger carcases that were not subject to post- the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority, mortem examination were disposed of in accordance how many freedom of information requests have been with animal by-products legislation. received by the IPSA in the last 12 months from (a) members of the public, (b) journalists and (c) others. Caroline Lucas: To ask the Secretary of State for [177024] Environment, Food and Rural Affairs pursuant to the answer of 18 November 2013, Official Report, column Mr Charles Walker: The information requested falls 714W, on bovine tuberculosis, when he expects the within the responsibility of the Independent Parliamentary results of post-mortems and tests that have been carried Standards Authority. I have asked IPSA to reply. out to be available. [178206] Letter from Andrew McDonald, dated November 2013: As Chief Executive of the Independent Parliamentary Standards George Eustice: The results of the post-mortems and Authority, I have been asked to reply to your Parliamentary tests will be considered by the Independent Expert Question asking about Freedom of Information requests made to Panel and their report into the safety, effectiveness and IPSA. humaneness of controlled shooting is expected in the IPSA has a statutory duty under the Freedom of Information new year. Act 2000 to respond to requests for information and does so in line with the principle, as set out by the Information Commissioner’s Office, that requests for information should be considered without Caroline Lucas: To ask the Secretary of State for reference to the identity of the requester or the reasons behind the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs pursuant to the request. answer of 18 November 2013, Official Report, column In the last 12 months IPSA has received 271 Freedom of 714W,on bovine tuberculosis, how many of the 155 badgers Information requests. We are not in a position to know whether subjected to post-mortem examination as part of the the requesters would classify themselves as members of the public, assessment of the humaneness of controlled shooting journalists or others. were (a) free shot and (b) cage trapped. [178207]

George Eustice: The purpose of the monitoring during ENVIRONMENT, FOOD AND RURAL AFFAIRS the pilots was to assess the effectiveness, safety and Bovine Tuberculosis humaneness of controlled shooting, not cage trapping and shooting. All of the badgers subjected to post Chris Williamson: To ask the Secretary of State for mortem had therefore been killed by controlled shooting. Environment, Food and Rural Affairs when he expects the Independent Expert Panel examining the badger Caroline Lucas: To ask the Secretary of State for culls to report. [178058] Environment, Food and Rural Affairs pursuant to the answer of 18 November 2013, Official Report, column George Eustice: The Independent Expert Panel is 714W, on bovine tuberculosis, how many of the badger expected to report in the new year. carcasses submitted by cull companies for DNA 33W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 34W collection by the Independent Panel overseeing the George Eustice: The research project to review publicly pilots have been examined to ascertain cause of death available evidence on the landscape of food aid provision in addition to those subjected to post-mortems as part and access in the UK was put out to open tender online, of the assessment of the humaneness of controlled in accordance with Government procurement policy. shooting; how many of those examined were confirmed All government-funded research projects are required to have been killed by gunshot; and what causes of to go through the necessary review and quality assurance death were attributed to any remainder. [178208] processes prior to publication. The project is subject to review by a range of people both internally and by George Eustice: A random sample of the badgers external experts. culled in the pilots was subject to post mortem examination, in which any cause of death other than shooting would have been identified. Further information can be found Pay at: http://www.defra.gov.uk/animal-diseases/files/badger-cull-iep- Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for monitor-humane-shooting20130307.pdf Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (1) what the Those badger carcases that were not subject to post median gross pay is of staff in his Department and its mortem examination were disposed of in accordance executive agencies in each pay band who are identified with animal by-products legislation. as (a) white British and (b) of black, Asian and other minority ethnic groups; [178175] Food: Low Incomes (2) what the median gross pay of (a) men and (b) Luciana Berger: To ask the Secretary of State for women is in each pay band in his Department. [178193] Environment, Food and Rural Affairs pursuant to the written answer of 28 November 2013, Official Report, Dan Rogerson: The median gross pay of declared column 379W, on food: low incomes, whether the short White and Black, Asian and other minority ethnic research project was put out to open tender; and who employees (BAME) in Core DEFRA in each pay band has peer-reviewed this project. [178228] as at 30 June 2013:

£ National Outer London Inner London Pay range White BAME White BAME White BAME

AO 19,907 n/a n/a n/a 23,045 23,045 AA n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 19,785 EO 24,222 n/a n/a n/a 27,899 28,609 HEO 29,258 n/a n/a n/a 33,473 32,839 HEO (D) n/a n/a n/a n/a 27,787 n/a SEO 35,253 n/a n/a n/a 39,369 38,255 Grade 7 48,462 n/a n/a n/a 52,669 52,172 Grade 6 n/a n/a n/a n/a 63,377 n/a

The data provided only covers employees who have £ declared their status. Pay range White BAME We do not analyse data across ethnic and nationality SCS 71,282 n/a lines together so are not able to show data on White British as requested. Answers have only been provided for Core DEFRA. Information relating to the executive agencies could be Where any category contains fewer than five people, provided only at disproportionate cost because the data data are listed as n/a for data protection reasons. are not held centrally. There is only one pay region for The median gross pay of male and female employees SCS staff, therefore the data are only provided once. in Core DEFRA in each pay band as at 30 June 2013:

£ National Outer London Inner London Pay range Male Female Male Female Male Female

AA n/a n/a n/a n/a 19,785 19,785 AO 18,837 19,719 n/a n/a 23,045 23,045 EO 24,195 24,195 n/a n/a 28,609 27,899 HEO 30,500 29,344 n/a n/a 32,944 32,679 HEO (D) n/a 27,500 n/a n/a 27,500 27,500 SEO 37,142 35,253 n/a n/a 39,500 38,424 Grade 7 48,055 47,982 n/a n/a 52,689 50,726 Grade 6 60,322 57,469 n/a n/a 63,377 61,567 35W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 36W

post import checks. The Animal Health and Veterinary £ Laboratories Agency carries out audit checks on carriers Pay range Male Female and pet checkers, and liaises with them on a regular SCS 75,812 70,406 basis to assess their compliance. There is only one pay region for SCS staff, therefore The risk of an animal with rabies coming into the the data are only provided once. UK is assessed to be very low and the risk of rabies being passed from a pet to a person is lower still. Where any category contains fewer than five people, data are listed as n/a for data protection reasons. Recruitment Potatoes Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for Andy Sawford: To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what proportion Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what steps his of staff recruited to his Department since 5 May 2010 Department is taking to support potato growers in the were (a) men and (b) women. [178155] UK. [178052] Dan Rogerson: Since 5 May 2010, 46% of staff recruited George Eustice: DEFRA supports potato growers in to core DEFRA were men and 54% were women. a number of ways, including through research, funding through the EU common agricultural policy and EU Water Charges Rural Development Programme, plant health inspections, plant protection product licensing and water abstraction John Woodcock: To ask the Secretary of State for reform. DEFRA funds strategic research to improve Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what the average the productivity and sustainability of UK farming. water bill paid by households in each region of the UK Research topics relating to potatoes have included plant was in each of the last five years. [178292] genetics, water resource efficiency, pest and disease management and post-harvest storage. Dan Rogerson: I have placed a table in the Library of the House which sets out the average charges for each Andy Sawford: To ask the Secretary of State for water and sewerage and water only company for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what assessment past five years. he has made of the effect of the EU ban on potato imports on the UK crisp industry. [178071] Water: Meters George Eustice: There is no ban as such. The EU plant health directive (2000/29/EC) permits fresh potato John Woodcock: To ask the Secretary of State for imports from countries which comply with the relevant Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what proportion EU import requirements. These exist to protect all of households in (a) Barrow and Furness constituency sectors of the EU potato industry, including companies and (b) England have water meters. [178298] producing crisps. Studies have demonstrated the benefits of retaining freedom from plant diseases, such as ring Dan Rogerson: United Utilities is the company that rot. In most years, the UK produces sufficient potatoes serves Barrow and Furness. 32% of household customers to meet the needs of the crisp industry. in United Utilities’ area of service are metered. Water companies’ areas of appointment are regional; United Rabies Utilities does not collate figures on metering on a constituency basis. Currently, 41% of all household customers in England have water meters. Jim Shannon: To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what steps his Department is taking to prevent rabies occurring in the UK. [178307] COMMUNITIES AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT George Eustice: Every dog, cat and ferret entering the UK must be vaccinated against rabies, with the details Carbon Monoxide: Alarms of the treatment recorded in an EU pet passport or third country certificate. Animals entering from the EU Mr Sanders: To ask the Secretary of State for or from lower risk (‘listed’) countries must wait 21 days Communities and Local Government when he expects after vaccination before travelling. More stringent rules the result of the review of smoke and carbon monoxide are in place for those coming from higher risk (’unlisted’) detectors in the private rented sector; and if he will countries. These include a blood test 30 days after make a statement. [179355] vaccination followed by a three month wait before travelling. Kris Hopkins: The Government announced a package The UK operates a robust checking regime to make of measures on 16 October to help hard-working tenants sure that animals entering the UK do not pose a risk to get a better deal when they rent a home, including a animal and human health. Ferry, rail and air operators review into property conditions in the private rented are licensed to carry pets on the basis that they check sector. The review will consider whether landlords should every pet travelling with its owner for compliance with be required to install smoke or carbon monoxide alarms. the rules of the EU pet travel scheme. Pets brought into Following the review, we will publish a summary of the the UK for sale or rehoming are subject to risk-based key findings in due course. 37W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 38W

Charitable Donations Kris Hopkins: The most recent figures on building starts under the Right to Buy scheme were published on Mr Blunkett: To ask the Secretary of State for 21 November. These show that in the second quarter of Communities and Local Government what steps his this year, building starts were up significantly on previous Department is taking to encourage its employees to quarters to 753. The figures are available at: make tax-free donations direct from their salaries. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/ [179635] attachment_data/file/259931/LT693.xls The Department does not collect data on completions Brandon Lewis: The Department has a permanent under the Right to Buy scheme. While there will invariably ‘Give as you earn’ intranet page, which has links to the be a certain time lag between the Right to Buy sale and Charity Aid Foundation and allows employees to donate the construction of the new build home, I would simply to any charitable organisation in the UK (including note that the reinvigorated Right to Buy scheme is places of worship). We also issue a ‘Give as you earn’ helping social tenants become new home owners; levers donor instruction form to every new employee of the in new finance to increase construction and house building; Department. This allows employees to make regular or and assists new people into affordable housing who permanent donations or open a ‘Charities Aid Foundation’ would otherwise be on a housing waiting list. account. Local Government Finance Council Tax Reduction Schemes Andy Sawford: To ask the Secretary of State for Alex Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government with which local Communities and Local Government (1) what assessment authorities Ministers in his Department have met to he has made of the potential effect of the localisation of discuss the Local Government Finance Settlement council tax support on (a) carers and (b) disabled 2014-15; what the date of each such meeting was; and people; [179747] who attended on each such occasion. [178094] (2) if he will assess the effect of the localisation of council tax benefit on carers; [179748] Brandon Lewis: I have regular meetings with local (3) how many local council tax reduction schemes authorities and others to discuss the full range of issues provide an exemption for working age carers from that affect local authorities. Details of Ministers’ meetings council tax payment; [179749] with external organisations are published on my (4) what recent estimate he has made of the number Department’s website. We will publish the provisional of (a) carers and (b) disabled people who will pay Local Government Finance settlement for 2014-15 for additional council tax as a result of the localisation of consultation later this month. council tax benefit. [179750] Local Government: Press Releases Brandon Lewis: These are local schemes, and it is for local authorities to ensure that the effect on specific Hilary Benn: To ask the Secretary of State for groups of council tax payers is proportionate and fair. Communities and Local Government on how many We made a £100 million transition grant available in occasions his Department has issued draft press releases 2013-14 to help councils develop well-designed schemes to local authorities for them to complete using local and maintain incentives to work. statistics since May 2010. [178225] An independent review of the policy will be carried out within three years. We are working with local authorities Andy Sawford: To ask the Secretary of State for to identify the right data sources for that review. Communities and Local Government (1) how many staff in his Department work on producing template Families: Disadvantaged press notices for local authorities; [178423] (2) how many template press notices his Department Andrew Griffiths: To ask the Secretary of State for has issued to local authorities since May 2010. [178574] Communities and Local Government how many families supported under the Troubled Families programme have Brandon Lewis: As part of our award-winning public a family member affected by drug or alcohol misuse. safety Fire Kills campaign, the Department produces [178429] monthly themed communications packs for local fire and rescue authorities, our partners in Fire Kills. These Kris Hopkins: We do not currently have national packs include a template press release(s). We encourage numbers on the proportion of families affected by these partners to adapt and use these templates to promote issues, but as part of the independent national evaluation messages locally around the importance of regularly of the programme we are collecting data on drug and testing smoke alarms and tips for fire safety. alcohol misuse, drawing on locally held information as well as interviews with families themselves. Some of the smaller fire and rescue authorities have no communications resource at all and are very grateful Housing: Construction for these packs. The production of this material is a fraction of a job split between communications and Graham Jones: To ask the Secretary of State for policy staff. A total of 38 packs have been sent out since Communities and Local Government what recent estimate May 2010. he has made of (a) building starts and (b) building A template press release was also developed for local completions under the one for one replacement element authorities as part of our right to buy campaign. The of the Right to Buy scheme. [176492] template is part of a wider toolkit and support offered 39W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 40W to local authorities and other social housing landlords other similar assessment of the effects on house prices to help raise awareness about recent changes to the of (a) the Help to Buy equity loan scheme and (b) the scheme. Councils (with council housing) have a legal Help to Buy mortgage guarantees. [179721] duty to explain how tenants can exercise their right to buy, and this practical resource helps save councils’ time Kris Hopkins [holding answer 5 December 2013]: and money by reducing duplication. As with Fire Kills HM Treasury has responsibility for the Help to Buy: the production of this material is one of the wider mortgage guarantee scheme. The Office for Budget responsibilities of one member of the marketing team. Responsibility is responsible for producing independent People are four times more likely to die in a fire in economic and fiscal forecasts, including house price their home if there is no working smoke alarm. I am forecasts. They will publish the next Economic and placing in the Library of the House, a copy of a recent Fiscal Outlook at autumn statement. Fire Kills pack to illustrate how we are working with I would also refer the right hon. Member to the answer local fire and rescue authorities to save lives. given to the hon. Member for Glasgow North I would observe that under the last administration, (Ann McKechin) on 25 March 2013, Official Report, the Department also produced similar communications column 902W. material and templates. Private Rented Housing: Coventry Notwithstanding, I refer the right hon. and hon. Members to my answer of 13 June 2013, Official Report, column 386W, which outlines how my Department has Mr Jim Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State cut spending on communications and reduced the number for Communities and Local Government what estimate of communications staff, compared to the excessive he has made of the number of international students level under the last administration. residing in the private rented sector in Coventry. [178026] Mobile Homes Kris Hopkins [holding answer 5 December 2013]: The Department for Communities and Local Government Mr Laurence Robertson: To ask the Secretary of State does not collect data on the nationality of students for Communities and Local Government (1) whether he residing in the private rented sector in Coventry. However, intends that the licence fees for park home owners will it is possible to produce national estimates using the be paid by the site owners or by those holding properties English Housing Survey. on each site; [178054] In 2011-12, there were an estimated 308,000 non-British (2) which criteria will be used by local authorities to or Irish full-time students (aged 16+) residing in the set the level of licence fees for park owners; and if he private rented sector in England. will make a statement. [178055] Social Rented Housing: Hampshire Stephen Williams: Park home owners will not pay licence fees to local authorities. Such fees (where they Mr Mike Hancock: To ask the Secretary of State for are charged) will be payable by site owners. In relation Communities and Local Government (1) how many to annual fees for administration and monitoring of social housing units have been built in the New Forest licences site owners will be able to recover the charge district council area in each of the last three years; from home owners through pitch fees at the first review [179436] following 1 April 2014. No subsequent demands for annual fees (or any increase) can be recovered through (2) how many social housing units have been built in an increase to pitch fees. the Test Valley borough council area in each of the last three years. [179437] Local authorities who propose to charge licence fees for park home sites must do so in accordance with their Kris Hopkins: I refer the hon. Member to the answer published fee policy. In fixing fees local authorities must given on 27 November 2013, Official Report, column 337W. have regard to the matters in subsections (3) and (4) of section 10A of the Caravan Sites and Control of Travellers: Caravan Sites Development Act 1960. Advice on setting fees is being prepared by the park home site licensing working group, comprised of local authority practitioners and industry Andrew Selous: To ask the Secretary of State for trade bodies. This advice will be published shortly. Communities and Local Government whether the possession of substantial assets by Traveller and Gypsy The Mobile Homes Act 2013 will better protect the communities is a factor taken into account in the rights and health and safety of park home residents, assessment of planning applications made on behalf of enable local authorities to more effectively ensure sites such communities. [178029] are properly managed and maintained and will reduce the opportunity for exploitation by unscrupulous site Nick Boles [holding answer 5 December 2013]: Planning operators. law requires that planning applications for traveller sites must be determined in accordance with the development Mortgages: Government Assistance plan, unless material considerations indicate otherwise. Material considerations must be genuine planning Hilary Benn: To ask the Secretary of State for considerations and should relate to the development Communities and Local Government if he will place in and use of land in the public interest. Although it is the Library any risk assessment, impact assessment or difficult to imagine that the possession of substantial 41W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 42W assets by travellers would meet this test, material submitted paperwork had been lost by the Department considerations will be for the decision-maker and will have been made to his Department in each of the last depend on the individual circumstances of the case. five years. [178289]

Esther McVey: Each year, DWP serves around 22 million WORK AND PENSIONS people through a network of about 870 delivery units. Documents Information is only available for the last two complete years following changes made in 2011 to the way DWP Mr Jim Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State collects and categorises complaints. Information is as for Work and Pensions how many complaints that follows:

Volumes April 2012-March 2013 April 2013-October 2013

Complaints received under the new complaints 48,320 43,037 process DWP complaint subcategory: Lost Forms 740 791

Mr Jim Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State placement, 35% of participants were in paid employment. for Work and Pensions how many individuals have been This compares to 27% for a matched group of non asked to submit the same paperwork to the Department participants. At three months after the start of a placement, more than once despite the individual claiming that it 31% of participants were in paid employment, compared had already been sent in the last 12 months. [178290] with 24% for the non-participants.

Esther McVey: DWP does not collate this information. Hewlett-Packard

Employment and Support Allowance Helen Jones: To ask the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions what steps he plans to take to support Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Work those who will lose their jobs as a result of the recently and Pensions pursuant to the answers of 3 December announced redundancies at Hewlett Packard; and if he 2013, Official Report, column 648W, on employment will make a statement. [178572] and support allowance, if he will make it his policy to collect such information in future. [178606] Esther McVey: Jobcentre Plus has an employer relationship with Hewlett Packard (HP) as a large national Esther McVey: There are no plans to routinely publish employer through the National Employer Service Team this information. (NEST). In regard to recent announcements, engagement is ongoing at both a national and local level (in those Employment: Young People areas to be affected by redundancy). Jobcentre Plus is working with the Department for Business Innovation and Skills (BIS) to ensure that we offer a co-ordinated Sheila Gilmore: To ask the Secretary of State for joint approach. An offer of support from Jobcentre Work and Pensions (1) with reference to the answer Plus including its Rapid Response Service (RRS) has from the hon. Member for Wirral West of 20 November been made to Hewlett Packard. (RRS is a national and 2013 to question 537 at the Work and Pensions Select local support service provided by Jobcentre Plus and Committee, HC 479-vi, how many people aged between partners which offers bespoke solutions for employers 18 and 25 have undertaken work experience and entered redundancy situations as and when they arise). At this paid employment after (a) three and (b) six months in point in time Jobcentre Plus awaits clarification from (i) the UK and (ii) Scotland; [178100] the employer on their situation. Once their position is (2) pursuant to the answer from the Minister of State defined Jobcentre Plus will progress suitable support. for Employment to question 537 at the Work and Pensions Select Committee evidence session on High Speed Two 20 November 2013, HC 479-vi, how many people aged between 18 and 25 have entered paid employment after (a) three and (b) six months on work experience in (i) Stephen Timms: To ask the Secretary of State for the UK and (ii) Scotland. [178446] Work and Pensions what recent discussions there have been between the Health and Safety Executive and Esther McVey: Between January 2011 and May 2013, HS2 Ltd. [178425] there were 115,320 starts on work experience placements in Great Britain by 18 to 25-year-olds and 10,700 starts Mike Penning: Since September 2012 the Health and by the same age group in Scotland. Safety Executive (HSE) has met with HS2 Ltd on three Data for the number of work experience participants occasions. These meetings explored HS2 Ltd’s plans for that have entered paid employment after six months are managing health and safety risks during the construction not readily available. However, analysis on the early phase. HSE also provided information to HS2 Ltd in impacts of work experience, published in April 2012, response to a consultation on its proposed methodology found that five months after starting a work experience for environmental impact assessment. 43W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 44W

Housing Benefit are now available through on-line recruitment channels. Where searching and applying for jobs online is important, Luciana Berger: To ask the Secretary of State for but the claimant lacks the ability or means of doing so, Work and Pensions what guidance has his Department help will be provided. Claimants are expected to take has provided to local authorities on calculating advantage of that help, but nobody is expected to entitlement to discretionary housing payment. [178276] undertake, or be sanctioned for failing to undertake, an activity that is simply unreasonable. Steve Webb: Local authorities have discretion in determining discretionary housing payments (DHP) at Mr Frank Field: To ask the Secretary of State for a local level, based on the circumstance of each individual Work and Pensions pursuant to the answer of 2 December case. 2013, Official Report, column 517W, on Jobcentre Plus, what estimate he has made of the number of separate DWP provides local authorities with a guidance manual claims that did not relate to new claims processed by regarding DHPs, along with a good practice guide Jobcentre Plus centres using an 0845 number in 2012-13 which offers advice on how DHPs can be used to by parliamentary constituency. [178585] provide support to claimants affected by some of the key welfare reforms. This information can be accessed Esther McVey: Figures for specific locations cannot through the following link: be provided in isolation. The Department does not https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/ record the geographic location of individual calls made attachment_data/file/233096/discretionary-housing- to its centres and to do so would be a disproportionate payments-guide.pdf cost. This year, the Government contribution to discretionary housing payments has been increased to £180 million. Mr Frank Field: To ask the Secretary of State for As part of this, local authorities are able to bid for Work and Pensions pursuant to the answer of 2 December funding from a £20 million reserve fund. The scheme is 2013, Official Report, column 517W, on Jobcentre Plus, open to bids until 3 February 2014. what estimate he has made of the mean and median average number of calls per claimant processed by Housing Benefit: Social Rented Housing Jobcentre Plus centres using an 0845 number in (a) the UK, (b) Birkenhead constituency and (c) each Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Work parliamentary constituency. [178586] and Pensions what estimate he has made of the number of mass summonses issued by local authorities to Esther McVey: Between 1 April 2012 and 31 March enforce rent arrears owing to the implementation of the 2013, the average calls per claimant answered by Jobcentre under-occupancy penalty. [178022] plus centres in England, Scotland and Wales using an 0845 telephone number equated to 0.41 calls per claimant, Esther McVey: The information is not available. per month. The median for this same period is 0.40 calls per Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Work customer, occurring in February and March 2013. and Pensions if he will commission an investigation into possible links between the under-occupancy Figures for specific locations cannot be provided in penalty and cases of suicide. [178033] isolation. The Department does not record the geographic location of individual calls made to its centres and to do Esther McVey: Every suicide is a deeply sad and so would be a disproportionate cost. tragic personal event and a matter for the relevant authorities to investigate. Jobseeker’s Allowance: Chelmsford

Jobcentre Plus Mr : To ask the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions what the average length of time in Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Work receipt of jobseeker’s allowance is for claimants in and Pensions if he will take steps to ensure that (a) Chelmsford constituency who are (a) women, (b) Jobcentre Plus carry out an assessment of claimants’ men, (c) aged between 16 and 24 and (d) aged over 50. levels of computer literacy before requiring them to [178352] search for jobs online and (b) those claimants are not sanctioned as a result of being unable to search for jobs Esther McVey: The information requested on the online. [178010] median duration for those currently in receipt of jobseeker’s allowance in Chelmsford constituency who are (a) Esther McVey: All JSA claimants are required to do women, (b) men, (c) aged between 16 and 24 and (d) all they can reasonably be expected to give themselves aged over 50 can be found in the following table: the best prospects of securing employment. At the Average claim duration for those currently in receipt outset of the claim, all claimants see a personal adviser of jobseeker’s allowance by sex and age in Chelmsford to discuss and agree what they can reasonably be expected constituency October 2013: to do, taking into account their individual circumstances; and to provide access to help that may be needed to Weeks improve employment prospects. All ages median Aged 16-24 median Aged 50 and over This process involves assessing things we know increase duration duration median duration the chances of finding and getting work, which includes Total 22.1 13.0 33.3 being able to identify and apply for jobs, many of which Male 24.0 15.6 37.3 45W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 46W

quality assurance of this information shows that it is Weeks sufficiently robust and reliable then we aim to pre-announce All ages median Aged 16-24 median Aged 50 and over duration duration median duration and publish it via an ad-hoc statistical release.

Female 19.7 9.8 25.2 Sick Leave Notes: 1. Claimant count figures do not yet include claimants of universal credit. Further information is available at http://www.nomisweb.co.uk/articles/742.aspx Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Work 2. Data rounded to one decimal place. and Pensions pursuant to the answer of 12 November Source: 2013, Official Report, column 595W, on sick leave, what NOMIS claimant count-age and duration new integrated approaches the Government is exploring Jobseeker’s Allowance: Young People across the mental health and employment system. [179743] Stephen Timms: To ask the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions whether and in what circumstances Mike Penning: The Government has commissioned a young person receiving jobseeker’s allowance who has RAND Europe to explore how we can achieve better told their adviser that they cannot attend a jobcentre outcomes for people with mental health problems, in appointment because it clashes with a university entrance and out of work. The Psychological Wellbeing and interview will be sanctioned for not attending the Work project explores how to better align mental health appointment. [178426] and employment services for people with common mental health problems to achieve improved employment outcomes. Esther McVey: A jobseeker’s allowance claimant who The project report will be published shortly. The advice notifies in advance that they cannot attend a Jobcentre will inform thinking about next steps not only for appointment will have that appointment rearranged if government but for all who have a role to play including they have a good reason, in the opinion of their adviser, employers, commissioners, service providers and individuals. for not being able to attend. Good reason is not defined The Government will also be publishing an employment in legislation, and should be given its every day meaning. strategy for disabled people and those with health Although I would not expect a sanction to be applied in conditions, including mental health conditions, before these circumstances, the individual circumstances of the end of this year. each particular claimant will be looked at to ensure that they continue to meet the conditionality requirements Social Security Benefits for receipt of JSA. Mr Sheerman: To ask the Secretary of State for Work Personal Independence Payment and Pensions what estimate his Department has made of the number of people who have exited the benefits Sheila Gilmore: To ask the Secretary of State for system without securing employment in the last 12 Work and Pensions how many people have (a) applied months for which figures are available. [177944] for personal independence payment, (b) received a decision and (c) received a negative decision in (i) the Esther McVey: The Department uses off-flow rates to UK and (ii) Scotland to date. [178059] measure its effectiveness in moving people quickly off benefit. It is not feasible for the Department to capture Mike Penning: I refer the hon. Member to the answer the destination for each of the people that leave benefits, I gave on 11 November 2013, Official Report, column as it would be very costly and time-consuming to undertake. 516W, to the hon. Member for Stretford and Urmston (Kate Green). The Department does seek to match its off-flow admin data with data from HMRC to calculate the Sheila Gilmore: To ask the Secretary of State for number of people who we know have moved into Work and Pensions how many people who have applied employment; however that process does not give a true for personal independence payment have requested a indication of the likely volumes. The HMRC data only face-to-face assessment conducted in their own home; contain people with a P45/46 record, and not everyone and how many such requests have been agreed to to leaving benefits earns enough income to have this record, thus under-reporting the number moving into work. date. [178347] Using departmental datasets we can isolate the number Mike Penning: Personal independence payment started of people who immediately returned to benefit once from April 2013 and although limited data has started they “off-flowed”. The latest 12 months for which we to feed through, we need to wait until the Department have data (using the on-flow cohorts August 2011 to has quality assured, meaningful figures for publication. July 2012) show that of the 3.22 million people that The Department is working to guidelines set by the flowed on to JSA 89.4% (2.88 million) had left by a year UK Statistics Authority to ensure we are able to publish later. statistics that meet high quality standards at the earliest Of that 2.88 million: opportunity. We intend to publish Official Statistics on 23.2% (667,000) flowed back on to benefit or left the active Personal Independence Payment from spring 2014. labour market (e.g. retired); In order to manage the gap between personal 18.5% (534,500) found work; independence payment go-live and the first release of the remainder (1.68 million) went into “potential employment”, Official Statistics in spring 2014, we are assessing whether where we do not have a definite destination but these could we can release some information by early 2014. If the include those that moved into employment. 47W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 48W

Mr Sheerman: To ask the Secretary of State for Work We currently check the nationality and immigration and Pensions what steps his Department is taking to status of benefit claimants to ensure the benefit is paid support people who have difficulty accessing the properly and to prevent fraud. While this information is benefits system. [177947] used, it is not recorded as part of the payment administrative systems. Esther McVey: The Department is keen to ensure that The Government is looking at ways to record the all people, however complex their needs, are able to nationality and immigration status of migrants who access its services and we take a variety of steps to make a claim for universal credit so that we have more provide help and support to enable individuals to engage robust information about our claimants. with DWP and access the benefit system. The support we offer is tailored to the personal needs of the individual Social Security Benefits: Mental Illness and depends on which service is being used or which benefit is being claimed. Mr Sheerman: To ask the Secretary of State for Work Some of the products and services we offer are and Pensions what steps his Department is taking to underpinned by legal requirements. For example the support mental health service users throughout the Equality Act 2010 states that disabled people need to be process of their claim for benefits. [177946] identified so that DWP can meet its obligations as a provider of goods and services by: Esther McVey: The Department is keen to ensure that all people, including those with mental health conditions, giving access to specialist disability service help if needed, as a result of a person’s disability; and are able to access its services and we take a variety of steps to provide help and support to enable individuals making reasonable adjustments to its services for disabled people. to engage with DWP. The support we offer is tailored to the personal needs of the individual and depends on The support offered by DWP includes a variety of which service is being used or which benefit is being communication methods: face to face contact on our claimed. premises; home visits; telephony; online services; and written communications in alternative formats such as People with mental health conditions may be able to large text. We also provide aids such as textphones and access specialist disability services (if appropriate) and audio loops, as well as interpreting services. Our customers adjustments may be made to the way services and can use a representative or intermediary to help them to support are provided to facilitate their access. engage with us. The support offered by DWP includes a variety of communication-methods: face to face contact on our A range of guidance, learning and development premises; home visits; telephony; online services, and opportunities, advice and information is available for written communications in a range of formats. Customers our staff to help them provide additional support for with mental health conditions may wish to use a individuals with complex needs or those that require representative or intermediary to help them to engage additional support to enable them to access benefits with us. and use our services. A range of guidance, learning and development opportunities, advice and information is available for Mr Jim Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State our staff to help them provide additional support for for Work and Pensions what emergency support is individuals with complex needs or those that require available for people who have experienced delays that additional support to enable them to access benefits are not their fault in claiming benefits. [178291] and use our services. All Jobcentre Plus advisers are trained to have the Esther McVey: Once a claim to benefit has been skills required to identify the right support for a range received by the Department, a short term benefit advance of customers, including those with health conditions or may be available to those in financial need who cannot disabilities, including mental health conditions. The manage until their first payment of benefit. approach to helping people back to work is based upon However, 92% of benefit claims are processed on providing personalised support. As part of this, the time (within 16 days): 6 percentage points higher than adviser will provide information about and access to the in 2009-10. range of support available to help improve job prospects and overcome things, such as a mental health condition, Social Security Benefits: Immigrants that may make it harder to find work. Standard of Living George Galloway: To ask the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions if he will make an estimate of the Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Work total cost to the public purse of welfare claims by and Pensions what assessment he has made of the Bulgarian and Romanian migrants in the last year for implications for his policies of the report of the European which figures are available. [178661] Foundation for the Improvement of Working and Living Conditions entitled Quality of Life in Europe: subjective Esther McVey: Information on the number of Bulgarian well-being, published on 7 November 2013. [178011] and Romanian nationals in receipt of jobseeker’s allowance, employment and support allowance, carer’s allowance, Esther McVey: DWP analysts are active members of income support and disability living allowance is not the cross-government Social Impacts Task Force which available. Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs has the shares research and approaches for considering subjective responsibility for child tax credit. well-being in policy. The Department has published a 49W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 50W number of relevant research reports and policy evaluations Esther McVey: We estimate that the savings to the over the last year on this subject particularly looking at Department from reduced fraud and error once universal the subjective well-being of jobseekers and employment credit is fully rolled out will be £1.3 billion per annum. interventions, and developing an innovative life course Note: model. We have a programme of ongoing work and This figure is in 2012-13 prices. welcome reports such as this which contribute to our thinking. Stephen Timms: To ask the Secretary of State for Universal Credit Work and Pensions what the additional annual cost to the Exchequer would be of increasing the savings Stephen Timms: To ask the Secretary of State for threshold for universal credit from £16,000 to £25,000. Work and Pensions when he plans that the integrated [178427] risk intelligence system for universal credit will be implemented. [178229] Esther McVey: The additional annual cost to the Exchequer of increasing the upper capital limit within Chris Bryant: To ask the Secretary of State for Work universal cost is estimated at £70 million. and Pensions when the universal credit IT system’s Notes: anti-fraud module will become operational. [178570] 1. The analysis consistent with the Autumn Statement 2013, and is based on universal credit in steady-state. Esther McVey: Enhanced security and counter-fraud controls are being progressively developed to support 2. The figures given are in 2013-14 prices. universal credit as it is rolled out. 3. This analysis has been modelled using the Department’s Policy Within the current universal credit service there is Simulation Model, using data from the Family Resources Survey, 2010-11. already risk assessment of all claims received. This is delivered using a rule-based data matching service built on existing technology that directs the requirement for Stephen Timms: To ask the Secretary of State for any additional documentary evidence or specialist attention Work and Pensions what the annual cost to the Exchequer where indicated. Once in payment all claims are regularly would be of reducing the universal credit withdrawal checked for the potential for heightened risk based on rate by one percentage point. [178428] unreported changes and new information being available, and referred for specialist intervention where required. Esther McVey: The additional annual cost to the Exchequer of reducing the taper rate within universal Stephen Timms: To ask the Secretary of State for credit from 65% to 64% is estimated at £300 million. Work and Pensions what assessment he has made of Notes: the business case for an outsourced fraud and error 1. The analysis consistent with the Autumn Statement 2013, and checking service for universal credit. [178235] is based on universal credit in steady-state. 2. The figures given are in 2013-14 prices. Esther McVey: We currently have no plans to outsource the fraud and error checking service. 3. This analysis has been modelled using the Department’s Policy Simulation Model, using data from the Family Resources Survey, Our benefit integrity centres have been successful in 2010-11. examining claims and putting them right, and we have delivered £1,185 million of savings over the SR10 period, Chris Bryant: To ask the Secretary of State for Work from the start of activity to the end of September 2013 and Pensions what recent estimate he has made of the as a result. number of recipients of universal credit in April 2014. We will always look to ways of improving delivery of [178569] our services and therefore this position is always open to review. Esther McVey: Universal credit is now operating in seven areas and we remain on track to roll out in Bath, Stephen Timms: To ask the Secretary of State for Harrogate and Shotton by next spring. We announced Work and Pensions what progress he has made in our plans for the next stage of implementation on removing from universal credit the costs of supported 5 December, and these were set out in a written ministerial housing services which do not meet the current definition statement. The WMS can be found at: of exempt accommodation. [178274] https://www.gov.uk/government/news/universal-credit- Steve Webb: Regulations to protect residents of supported progress “exempt” accommodation who are already recipients of Official statistics on universal credit were published universal credit came into effect in October this year. on 3 December and can be found at: Officials continue to work closely with stakeholders to http://tabulation-tool.dwp.gov.uk/UC/Universal_Credit.html extend similar protection to providers that do not meet the precise definition from unintended consequences of Work Capability Assessment: Wales reform while recognising the necessary legislative and financial constraints. Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Work Stephen Timms: To ask the Secretary of State for and Pensions how many people underwent work Work and Pensions what his most recent estimate is of capability assessments who had a (a) musculo-skeletal the savings to his Department from reduced fraud and condition and (b) mental health condition in each (i) error as a result of introduction of universal credit. county and (ii) parliamentary constituency in Wales to [178275] date. [178012] 51W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 52W

Mike Penning: We cannot provide a break down of (ESA) by claimants with a musculo-skeletal condition the information in the way requested, as it is not readily and a mental health condition in Wales. This is shown available and to provide it would incur disproportionate in the following table; cost. However, we can provide information on the number of new claims for employment and support allowance

New claims-Outcomes of initial functional assessments in Wales-October 2008 to February 2013 Outcomes of claims where functional assessment has been Status of claims where functional assessment completed has not been completed Entitled to ESA placed in either work related activity Closed before Condition groups group or support group Fit for work assessment Still in progress Total case load

Mental health disorders 21,800 25,700 22,700 8,200 78,300 Musculoskeletal disorders 6,400 11,500 9,100 2,800 29,800 Notes: 1. There is a reporting lag of approximately eight-months at the issuing date of this statistical output owing to the time needed to process data and timeallowedto enable each cohort’s assessment phase to elapse. 2. Figures rounded to nearest hundred. Totals may not sum due to the rounding method used. 3. Condition groups are based on the International Classification of Diseases (2010) Source: Department for Work and Pensions benefit administration dataset

Work Programme ESA claimants in the Work Related Activity Group are expected to move closer to the workplace, which Sheila Gilmore: To ask the Secretary of State for work related activity helps them to do. Work and Pensions (1) with reference to the answer While the Work programme has made some good from Neil Couling of 20 November 2013 to question progress with this group, focusing on giving some of the 559 to the Work and Pensions Select Committee, HC hardest to help people two years of support, and offering 479-vi, how many people have completed the Work providers higher prices for working with these claimants, Programme in each month since June 2013 in (a) the we recognise the programme needs to do better. That is UK and (b) Scotland; and how many such people have why we have asked every single provider to come to us stopped claiming either jobseeker’s allowance or with a clear plan, setting out the steps they are going to employment and support allowance. [178099] take to improve performance for this group. (2) pursuant to the answer from the Work Services In addition, the independently chaired Work Programme Director, Department for Work and Pensions, to question Building Best Practice Group has been set up to help 559 at the Work and Pensions Select Committee evidence organisations delivering the Work programme find the session on 20 November 2013, HC 479-vi, how many best ways to support the harder to help and to share people have completed their time on the Work Programme knowledge of what works. in each month since June 2013 in (a) the UK and (b) Scotland; and how many of these groups have stopped Work Programme: Wales claiming either jobseeker’s allowance or employment and support allowance in (i) the UK and (ii) Scotland. Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Work [178483] and Pensions what representations his Department has received from (a) hon. Members and (b) other sources Esther McVey: The information requested on the on the interaction of the Work programme and Jobs number of people who have completed the Work Growth Wales. [178023] programme since June 2013 will be derived from the Management Information shared by Neil Couling with the Work and Pensions Select Committee and will be Esther McVey: Department for Work and Pension included in the next quarterly release. officials hold regular meetings with officials from the Welsh Government to discuss policy. Information for Northern Ireland is the responsibility of the Department for Social Development. Northern The Welsh Affairs Committee addressed the issue of Ireland statistics can be found at: the interaction between the Work programme and Welsh Government programmes. http://www.dsdni.gov.uk/index/stats_and_research.htm On 21 November 2013, I spoke to Ken Skates, Deputy Yasmin Qureshi: To ask the Secretary of State for Minister for Skills and Technology in the Welsh Assembly Work and Pensions what assessment he has made of Government where we discussed the Work programme the effectiveness of the work programme for people and Jobs Growth Wales. claiming employment and support allowance. [179613] Following the publication of the Welsh Affairs Committee report, the Secretary of State for Work and Esther McVey: Almost 200,000 ESA claimants have Pensions, my right hon. Friend the Member for Chingford been referred to the programme. Over 6,000 (3%) of and Woodford Green (Mr Duncan Smith) also met the them have found lasting work (of at least three months). Secretary of State for Wales, my right hon. Friend the Industry data shows that around 15% of the ESA Member for Clwyd West (Mr Jones). jobseekers who have been on the programme for the We have received parliamentary questions from the longest have got a job. hon. Member for Vale of Clwyd (Chris Ruane). 53W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 54W

Work programme providers have expressed and run workshops on the operation of the schemes. disappointment that Work programme participants are The number of staff using these schemes has risen by currently excluded from Welsh Assembly funded approximately 10% from January 2012 to summer 2013. opportunities available to other unemployed people in Wales, citing the difference in England where Work Egypt programme participants can access complementary support from other agencies. The Department has also been Mr Blunt: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign contacted by interested parties in relation to specific and Commonwealth Affairs what assessment he has instances where claimants have been unable to access made of the new laws on protests signed by the acting support. Egyptian president on 24 November 2013; and if he We are working with the Welsh Government to see if will make a statement. [R] [178579] this situation can be improved. Hugh Robertson: We are aware that the protest law has been signed by Interim President Mansour. We FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH OFFICE believe it is important for the Egyptian Government to engage with the concerns raised by the UN Secretary- Afghanistan General and others. We will continue to follow developments closely. Sir Menzies Campbell: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs pursuant to the Human Trafficking: EU Action answer of 4 September 2013, Official Report, column 391W, on Shaker Aamer, what the outcome was of his Mr Dodds: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign talks with his US counterpart on (a) the closure of and Commonwealth Affairs what recent discussions he Guantánamo Bay and (b) the release of prisoner Shaker has had with the EU Commission and the European Aamer. [178330] Parliament on human trafficking and modern day slavery. [179654] Hugh Robertson: The British Government continues to engage in discussions with the US regarding Mr Aamer’s case. Following the Prime Minister’s representations to Mr Lidington: Human trafficking and modern slavery President Obama in June, the Deputy Prime Minister are abhorrent crimes which destroy the lives of their raised Mr Aamer’s case with Vice-President Biden in victims. We routinely engage with the European institutions September. We are confident that the US Government including the Commission and Europol, where the UK understands the seriousness of the UK’s request for leads the strand of work on the trafficking in human Mr Aamer’s release. It is necessary for the UK Government beings threat. As part of the Government’s international to keep the details of diplomatic discussions with the engagement, we work closely with other governments United States Administration confidential. Any breach including European partners, to disrupt supply routes. of the United States Administration’s expectation of Israel confidentiality would likely hinder UK efforts to secure Mr Aamer’s release and return. We remain committed to assisting the US in its aim to close the detention Mrs Main: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign facility at Guantanamo Bay and maintain an active and Commonwealth Affairs with reference to the dialogue with the US on this issue. answers of 11 June 2012 and 17 December 2012, what recent contact and discussions the British Ambassador Sir Menzies Campbell: To ask the Secretary of State to Israel has had with the Negev Coexistence Forum. for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what reports [179673] he has received on the hunger strike in Guantánamo Bay; and if he will make a statement. [178331] Hugh Robertson: Officials from the British embassy in Tel Aviv met with the head of the Negev Coexistence Hugh Robertson: The British Government continues Forum on 28 November. to note reports regarding the hunger strike at the detention facility at Guantanamo Bay. We maintain an active Mrs Main: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign dialogue with the US Government regarding humanitarian and Commonwealth Affairs if Ministers in his issues at the detention facility at Guantanamo Bay and Department plan to visit the unrecognised Bedouin remain committed to assisting the US in its aim to close villages of the Negev. [179674] the facility. Charitable Donations Hugh Robertson: My predecessor, my right hon. Friend the Member for North East Bedfordshire (Alistair Burt), Mr Blunkett: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign visited unrecognised Bedouin villages in the Negev in and Commonwealth Affairs what steps his Department January 2012. is taking to encourage its employees to make tax-free Syria donations direct from their salaries. [179641] Hugh Robertson: The Foreign and Commonwealth Caroline Dinenage: To ask the Secretary of State for Office (FCO) is a strong supporter of the Payroll Giving Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs what discussions and Give as you Earn schemes. To promote the schemes his Department has had with its international partners the FCO has detailed messaging on our internal website, to seek greater humanitarian access to families trapped explaining to staff the benefits of the schemes and how in besieged areas of Syria whose vulnerability is they can apply. We regularly circulate reminders to staff increased by the onset of winter. [178042] 55W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 56W

Hugh Robertson: We are actively engaging with our JUSTICE international partners to bring about a negotiated political transition in Syria to end the conflict and alleviate Children: Maintenance Syria’s humanitarian crisis. We have intensified our efforts with partners on the UN Security Council, in the Julian Sturdy: To ask the Secretary of State for UN Office for the Co-ordination of Humanitarian Affairs Justice what support he offers parents who are bound and the UN-led High Level Group on Humanitarian by an out-dated court order which demands that child Challenges in Syria chaired by Baroness Amos (UN maintenance is paid until the child has ceased full time Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs) in education but does not clarify the definition of full pushing for full implementation of the UN Security time education. [179685] Council Presidential statement of 2 October which called on all parties to allow unfettered access for humanitarian Mr Vara: Under the provisions of schedule 1 of the aid. The High Level Group, which was attended by UK Children Act 1989 it is possible to apply to the court for officials, met for the first time on 26 November and will an order for maintenance of a child. Any order would meet again on 19 December. We also maintain a regular not normally extend beyond the child’s eighteenth birthday dialogue with the humanitarian agencies active in the unless there are special needs (such as disability) or if region to monitor developments on the ground. the child is in education or training. The definition of education or training in paragraph 2 (a) of schedule 1 to the 1989 Act is “receiving instruction at an educational establishment or undergoing training Ukraine for a trade, profession or vocation, whether or not while in gainful employment”. The Government believes this definition is sufficiently Mr Chope: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign wide and necessary to cover the needs of children who and Commonwealth Affairs pursuant to the statement are in full-time education or training for whom applications of 2 December 2013, Official Report, column 36WS, are made to court for maintenance. Court forms and on Eastern Partnership summit, which EU member court leaflets provide some assistance in making states did not express disappointment that Ukraine was applications. not signing its association agreement with the EU. [178101] Coroners

Mr Lidington: The statement of 2 December 2013, Mr Sheerman: To ask the Secretary of State for Official Report, column 36WS, reported back on the Justice what steps his Department takes to ensure that Eastern Partnership summit. Due to the restricted nature Regulation 28 coroners’ investigations and the of the meeting, I am unable to report individual member implementation of recommendations of those investigations states views to the wider public. I refer my hon. Friend are carried out in a timely and efficient manner. [179651] to the Joint Declaration, endorsed by all EU member states and the eastern partners, which clearly sets out a Mr Vara: A person or organisation that receives a consolidated view on progress made by the Eastern Prevention of Future Death (PFD) report under regulation Partnership. The Joint Declaration can be found using 28 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013 the following link at: must respond to the coroner within 56 days. The response http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_Data/docs/ must detail the action the person or organisation has pressdata/EN/foraff/139765.pdf taken or will take and the timetable for this, or must explain why no action is proposed. The coroner must send the Chief Coroner a copy of every PFD report and Mr Dodds: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign response, which the Chief Coroner may then publish. and Commonwealth Affairs what recent discussions he has had with his counterparts from NATO member On 4 September 2013 the Chief Coroner published guidance for coroners on PFD reports: states on Ukraine. [179589] http://www.judiciary.gov.uk/Resources/JCO/Documents/ coroners/guidance/guidance-no5-reports-to-prevent-future- Mr Lidington: The Secretary of State for Foreign and deaths.pdf Commonwealth Affairs, my right hon. Friend the Member In that guidance the Chief Coroner said that he intends for Richmond (Yorks) (Mr Hague), attended the NATO to consult on areas of concern highlighted by PFD Foreign Ministerial meeting on 3 December. Along reports and, where appropriate, recommend action in with other NATO Foreign Ministers, he made clear his the form of advice to organisations or individuals. concerns to hear reports of violence being used to break up a peaceful demonstration in Ukraine and the need Under the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 the Chief for the incident to be fully investigated. A NATO statement Coroner must include details of PFD reports in his was adopted which condemned the. violence used against annual report to the Lord Chancellor, which is then demonstrators while also recognising the value of Ukraine’s published and laid before Parliament. contributions to international security: Courts: Domestic Violence http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/news_105435.htm At the Eastern Partnership summit on 28 and Emily Thornberry: To ask the Secretary of State for 29 November, the Prime Minister also discussed Justice pursuant to the answer of 28 October 2013, Ukraine with his counterparts including many NATO Official Report, columns 379-80W,on domestic violence, members. where the nine domestic violence courts that were closed 57W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 58W were located; where the two new courts will be located; : To ask the Secretary of State for Justice and on what date the decision was taken to open the what the cost of the PricewaterhouseCoopers’ inquiry two new courts. [179100] into irregularities in performance of the electronic monitoring contracts held by Serco and G4S has been Mr Vara: The locations of the closed special domestic to date. [177650] violence cases (SDVC) courts are as follows: Tamworth, Lewes, Hemel Hempstead, Barry, Salford, Rochdale, Jeremy Wright: We do not yet have a final figure, as Knowsley, Andover and Alton. Most of the domestic the audit is still in progress. As at the end of September violence cases from these closed courts were moved to 2013, the cost of this work by PricewaterhouseCoopers other existing SDVC schemes. had come to a total of approximately £3.2 million. The total cost will be recovered from G4S and Serco. The location of the two new SDVCs will be at existing courts sites at Basingstoke and . These courts are currently going through the accreditation process. EU Law The National Steering Group (made up with members from the Home Office, CPS, NOMS and HMCTS) will Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice decide when to award these two sites with SDVC what EU directives within his Department’s areas of accreditation. The Steering Group is due to meet in responsibility have come into force without the need December 2013 to discuss SDVC accreditation for for an opt-in decision in each financial year since May Basingstoke, and September 2014 for Aldershot. 2010; on what dates each such directive came into force; and if he will make a statement. [175519]

Curfews Mr Vara: Details of all EU legislation, including full details of all EU directives that have come into force since May 2010, can be found on the Commission’s Philip Davies: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice website: what proportion of eligible (a) men and (b) women http://eur-lex.europa.eu/RECH_legislation.do were released on home detention curfew in the latest period for which figures are available. [179205] Legal Aid Scheme Jeremy Wright: The home detention curfew (HDC) scheme enables a managed transition to the community Caroline Lucas: To ask the Secretary of State for in suitable cases, using electronically monitored curfew Justice what assessment he has made of the effect of to provide some structure for lower risk offenders as proposed changes to legal aid and judicial review on they leave prison and reintegrate into society. In 2012 parents’ (a) ability to use the judicial review process the overall HDC release rate was 25% of those in the and (b) ability to access legal aid when they believe that eligible group. For men it was 24% while for women it their local authority is failing in its duties to a child; and was 40%. There are a number of factors which may if he will make a statement. [179400] contribute to female prisoners being more likely to be released on HDC but overall it is because they are more Mr Vara: On 6 September 2013 the Government likely to pass the required risk and suitability assessment. published the ‘Judicial Review; Proposals for Further A smaller proportion of female offenders are serving Reform’ consultation. The Government is concerned sentences for sexual and violent offences and women about the time and money wasted in dealing with have lower reconviction rates compared to men and are, unmeritorious judicial reviews which may be brought therefore, more likely to be assessed as likely to comply simply to generate publicity or to delay implementation if released. of a decision that was properly made. We also remain concerned that legal aid funds weak cases which are not The proportion of eligible male and female prisoners permitted by the court to proceed beyond the permission released under the home detention curfew (HDC) scheme stage. is published in table A3.4 of the Offender Management Statistics Annual Tables which may be found at the Our proposals are intended to ensure that judicial following link: review continues to act as a critical check on the state and that limited legal aid resources are properly targeted https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/offender- where they are needed most. We do not consider that management-statistics-quarterly--2 our proposals would limit parents’ or other individuals’ ability to use the judicial review process or access legal aid in meritorious cases. Electronic Tagging As part of the consultation we published an assessment of impacts and equalities impacts which is available at: Sadiq Khan: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice https://consult.justice.gov.uk/digital-communications/judicial- to what body the cost of the PricewaterhouseCoopers’ review inquiry into irregularities in performance of the and sought further information on potential equalities electronic monitoring contracts held by Serco and G4S implications. will be charged. [177649] The consultation closed on 1 November 2013 and the Government will have carefully considered all responses, Jeremy Wright: The two suppliers have agreed to including on potential equalities impacts, before setting meet the cost of this work. out how it intends to proceed. 59W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 60W

Offenders: Rehabilitation Jeremy Wright: Prison information is available on the Ministry of Justice’s website and gov.uk. A prison : To ask the Secretary of State for finder allows users to search for prisons by name, type Justice how much his Department has spent on and region and includes contact details as well as general offender behaviour programmes in each of the last five information on the regime and visiting information for years; and what spend is projected in each of the next each prison. three years. [175212] Prison Governors are responsible for ensuring that contact details are up to date for the public. NOMS Jeremy Wright: The overall spend for the last five writes to all prison governors periodically asking them years on the delivery of offender behaviour programmes to review their online information and this was last (both accredited and other interventions) in the community done in March 2013. and custody is not available and could be collected only NOMS also ensures that all online information is at disproportionate cost. updated following any changes in the prison estate such Figures are available that show that the direct cost of as closures or the transfer of management of a prison delivering accredited offending behaviour programmes to the public or private sector. in the community was £43.6 million in 2011-12 and £40.3 million in 2012-13. No figures are available prior Prisons: Discipline to 2011-12. This figure does not cover the expenditure on all interventions aimed at tackling offending behaviour. Philip Davies: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice From 2012-13, the targeting of accredited offending (1) how many (a) female and (b) male prisoners per behaviour programmes was towards higher risk offenders 100 of the prison population were disciplined following as the evidence suggested that these offenders were the adjudications in the latest period for which figures are most likely to respond to this type of intervention. This available; [179206] meant that there were fewer accredited programmes (2) how many (a) female and (b) male prisoners per delivered overall but those that were delivered were the 100 of the prison population were disciplined following more intensive programmes aimed at higher risk offenders. adjudications for violent incidents in the latest period For those offenders who were no longer targeted for for which figures are available. [179207] accredited programmes, probation trusts have developed a wider range of activity requirements which incentivised Jeremy Wright: Adjudications contribute to maintaining the development of innovative approaches to reducing order and control, and a safer environment, within reoffending and which were targeted at lower risk offenders. prison establishments. Equivalent costs for delivering programmes in prisons Statistics on offences punished through the prison are not available. The National Offender Management adjudication process are published annually in ‘Offender Service’s central accounting system does not record Management Statistics—Annual tables’ and the 2012 separately expenditure on each offender behaviour figures can be found in Table A5.3 of the adjudication programme in prisons in England and Wales. To establish tables via the following link: such costs in each of the last five years would require an https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/offender- individual prison survey to identify all the offender management-statistics-quarterly--2 behaviour programmes delivered and associated costs. The published adjudication figures available via the This would be a significant exercise and could be done above link are based on the number of offences punished only at disproportionate cost. rather than the number of prisoners punished to ensure It is not possible at this stage to state the projected that all offences committed are recorded and reported spend on programmes for the next three years. The as prisoners can commit more than one offence. current commissioning round is still in progress and we therefore do not yet know how many programmes and Prisons: Doncaster of what type will be commissioned for 2014-15. However, the very clear intention is not to disinvest in programmes. : To ask the Secretary of State for Justice what the cost to the public purse has been to date of the Police Custody: Wrexham Doncaster cluster prison competition. [179496]

Ian Lucas: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice Jeremy Wright: The Prison Competition Programme whether he discussed Wrexham Magistrates’ Court and did not assign resources solely to oversee the South police cells in Wrexham with the Chair of the Wrexham Yorkshire prisons element of the competition (covering Magistrates at meetings in the last year; and what steps HMPs Hatfield, Moorland and Lindholme). The work he took following any such discussion. [179493] to compete South Yorkshire was undertaken by the programme team running the wider prison competition. Mr Vara: There have been no departmental meetings In addition, a business unit was established to prepare between the Secretary of State and the chair of the in-house bids for all the prisons being competed and Wrexham Magistrates about Wrexham magistrates court not just those in South Yorkshire. and police cells in Wrexham in the last year. Prisons: Health Services Prison Service Sadiq Khan: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice (1) when (a) he, (b) his ministerial colleagues and (c) what steps his Department has taken to ensure that officials in his Department have met representatives of families of prisoners are able to access up-to-date the NHS to discuss prison healthcare since May 2010; contact details of prisons online. [177869] [175435] 61W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 62W

(2) when (a) he and (b) his ministerial colleagues Mr Vara: Information held on the Ministry of Justice’s have met their counterparts in the Department for central systems on the number of secondees as at 30 Health to discuss prison healthcare since May 2010. September 2012 and 30 September 2011 is set out in the [175461] following table. Jeremy Wright: Ministry of Justice Ministers discuss Ministry of Justice secondments offender health, including prison health care, with Ministers 30 September 2012 30 September 2011 and officials regularly, both bilaterally and as part of Secondment in 5 5 wider cross-Government meetings, for example the Social Secondment out 18 21 Justice Cabinet Committee and the Inter Ministerial Group on Drugs. Aside from those inter-Governmental meetings, my predecessor Crispin Blunt met with those within the TREASURY scope of the questions on at least nine occasions; and I have held at least 11 such meetings to date. Commodity Markets The Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice, my right hon. Friend the Member for Epsom Sir Gerald Kaufman: To ask the Chancellor of the and Ewell (Chris Grayling) has also held discussions Exchequer what assessment he has made of the European with the Secretary of State for Health, my right hon. Commission’s proposals of 30 September 2013 to curb Friend the Member for South West Surrey (Mr Hunt), excessive speculation in the commodity derivative markets and has met with Baroness Browning to discuss autism under the revised markets in financial instruments directive; in prisons. and if he will make representations in its support. Prisons: Private Sector [179675]

Sadiq Khan: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice Sajid Javid: The Government has given careful if he will list, for each contract to run private prison in consideration to the effective methods of regulation England and Wales, the contractual terms and conditions and supervision of commodity derivatives. The Government which allow the Secretary of State to (a) terminate the supports a management regime based on strong supervision, contract early and (b) take over the running of the market monitoring and a comprehensive suite of tools prison. [175694] deployed by market operators. Jeremy Wright: An answer to the question posed by Debts the right hon. Member will be provided in due course. Not all private prison contracts have discrete references Chris Ruane: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer to early termination and step-in rights. Termination what estimate he has made of the levels of household provisions may vary from contract to contract, particularly debt in (a) Vale of Clwyd and (b) each region of the between older PFI contracts and more recent Manage UK in each year since 2010; and what such levels are and Maintain contracts. Each contract will therefore forecast to be in each year until 2015. [178018] need to be reviewed individually, and redacted where necessary to meet commercial confidentiality provisions Nicky Morgan: The Office for National Statistics in the contract, before I can respond. does not publish debt data for households on a regional or local basis, but does so on a national level. Procurement The Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) forecast Sadiq Khan: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice the ratio of household debt to income. which contracts his Department holds with (a) Capita, (b) A4E, (c) G4S, (d) Serco, (e) GeoAMEY, (f) Debts: Essex Sodexo and (g) Mitie; when each contract started; how much each contract is expect to cost over its lifetime; Mr Simon Burns: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer when each contract is due to end; whether there are any what estimate he has made of the levels of household options in the contract for extension; whether debt in (a) Chelmsford constituency and (b) Essex in any financial penalties have been incurred by each each year since 2010; and what forecast he has made of contractor to date; and whether each such contract has those levels for each year until 2015. [178350] a break clause. [177489] Nicky Morgan: The Office for National Statistics Jeremy Wright: The answer to the question tabled by does not publish debt data for households on a regional the right hon. Member will be answered in due course. or local basis, but does do so on a national level. The requested data are not held centrally in their entirety The Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) forecast and answering the request will require approaching the ratio of household debt to income. individual contract managers to gather and validate data. Secondment Fracking

Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice Mr O’Brien: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer pursuant to the answer of 19 November 2013, Official what steps his Department is taking to encourage Report, column 902W, on secondment, how many investment in hydraulic fracturing technologies and secondments were in place on (a) 30 September 2012 exploration of shale onshore and offshore gas reserves. and (b) 30 September 2011. [179541] [178609] 63W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 64W

Nicky Morgan: The Government has introduced a Taxation: Alcoholic Drinks new tax allowance to incentivise investment in onshore oil and gas projects—including shale gas. The onshore Andrew Griffiths: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer allowance will reduce the tax rate on a portion of a what the total receipts of taxation, including VAT and company’s profits from 62% to 30% and works similarly duty, on alcohol were in each year since 2007. [178652] to existing allowances for offshore oil and gas. Companies will pay at the reduced rate on profits equal to 75% of Nicky Morgan: Information on excise duty receipts their capital investment on qualifying onshore projects. from alcohol products are published monthly in the While it is currently to early to assess the potential for Alcohol Bulletins on the UK Trade Statistics website. offshore shale gas production, the Government will Information for financial years since 2007 is presented keep the case for fiscal support here under review. in the following table: Alcohol Gift Aid £ million Richard Fuller: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer 2006-07 7,913 what plans he has to replace Gift Aid with a system of 2007-08 8,302 personal income tax deductions for charitable giving. 2008-09 8,470 [179593] 2009-10 9,012 2010-11 9,397 Nicky Morgan: The Government has no current plans 2011-12 10,036 to replace Gift Aid with a relief for donors on their 2012-13 10,219 donations to charity. Under Gift Aid, the charity receiving the donation can claim the basic rate tax paid on that VAT collected on alcohol products is not available. donation. The Government recognises this is an important Therefore the total revenue collected from the taxation source of income for charities, and last year £1.04 of alcohol is not available. billion was repaid to charities under Gift Aid. Taxation: Gun Sports Income Tax David Morris: To ask the Chancellor of the Mr Hollobone: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer how much annual tax revenue is expected to Exchequer what estimate he has made of the number of accrue to the Exchequer from beaters in the shooting people liable to pay income tax in (a) Kettering industry; and what the cost is of the real time reporting constituency and (b) the UK in May 2010 who will not system that has recently been implemented for such be so liable in May 2014 as a result of increases in the people. [179751] personal tax allowance. [178457] Mr Gauke: HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) are Mr Gauke: The cumulative effect of the Government’s unable to determine the tax revenue expected to be increases in the personal allowance for those aged under generated by this industry. 65 years (born after 5 April 1948 from 2013-14 tax year) Reliable estimates of administrative cost burdens, since 2010-11 will take 2.7 million people out of the UK broken down by business sectors, are not available income tax system by April 2014. 199,000 of them are within HMRC. in the east midlands region which includes the parliamentary HMRC published a Tax Information and Impact constituency of Kettering. Note (TIIN) on 15 March 2013 that included an updated These estimates are based on the 2010-11 Survey of assessment of the impact that PAYE Real Time Information Personal Incomes, projected to 2014-15 using economic (RTI) will have on businesses. HMRC plans to provide assumptions consistent with the Office for Budget an updated estimate of these cost burdens in the next Responsibility’s March 2013 economic and fiscal outlook. update to the TIIN. Reliable estimates are not available at the parliamentary constituency level due to greater uncertainties in making Taxation: Self-assessment projections for smaller geographic areas. Mr Brady: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer Mortgages (1) how many penalties were issued for the failure to complete and return online self assessment tax forms by Alun Cairns: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer the deadline set by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) what assessment his Department has made of the effect (a) in total and (b) on occasions where the unique tax on lending of the Mortgage Market Review and the reference (UTR) number was not allocated by HMRC changes which come into effect in April 2014. [179708] within its stipulated timeframe in each of the last five years; and whether he will waive such penalties in future Sajid Javid: The Financial Services Authority published where no UTR has been issued in time; [178285] the Mortgage Market Review in October 2012. Its rules (2) what the (a) average and (b) maximum waiting will be implemented by the Financial Conduct Authority time for the allocation of unique tax reference numbers in April 2014. As part of the consultations and policy for online self assessment was in each of the last five statements on the Mortgage Market Review rules, the years. [178286] Financial Services Authority published cost benefit analyses of the Mortgage Market Review rules, which can be Mr Gauke: This information is available only at a found on the Financial Conduct Authority’s website. disproportionate cost. 65W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 66W

HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will not issue a Substantive answer from Mark Francois to Angus letter requesting completion of a self assessment tax Robertson: return until a unique taxpayer reference number (UTR) Further to the response given by my hon. Friend the Minister has been allocated. for International Security Strategy, (Dr Andrew Murrison), on 27 Requests for tax returns issued later in the filing November 2013, (Official Report, column 310W), officials have period have a deadline for them to be completed of now collated the information on the number of personnel trained at Altus Air Force Base and the cost to the public purse. three months following the date shown on the letter. Therefore, taxpayers should complete their tax return Between 2001, when the C-17 aircraft entered service, and November 2013, 263 RAF personnel have been trained at Altus within three months of the date of issue shown on the Air Force Base at a cost of approximately 6.9 million US Dollars. letter or by 31 October (for paper returns) or 31 January This sum does not include travel and subsistence costs. (for online returns), whichever is the most beneficial.

Welfare Tax Credits: EU Nationals Charitable Donations

Mr Chope: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer Mr Blunkett: To ask the Secretary of State for pursuant to the answer to the hon. Member for Altrincham Defence what steps his Department is taking to Official Report and Sale West of 2 December 2013, , encourage its employees to make tax-free donations column 567W, on welfare tax credits: EU nationals, direct from their salaries. [179637] what the target date is by which he plans to bring the rules for tax credits into alignment with the measures Anna Soubry: The Ministry of Defence (MOD) announced by the Prime Minister. [178095] encourages all personnel, service and civilian, to make tax-efficient donations to a charity or charities of their Nicky Morgan: HM Revenue and Customs will continue choice by joining the MOD charities payroll giving to work closely with the Department for Work and’ scheme (CPGS) or one of the similar schemes which are Pensions to ensure that tax credits rules applying to operated at command level. Under the terms of the EEA nationals align with those for DWP benefits where CPGS scheme any PAYE liability is calculated after the appropriate. payroll giving contribution has been deducted from gross pay, meaning the tax that would have been paid on that amount is instead received by the nominated DEFENCE charities. CPGS has been in operation since July 2007 and is Afghanistan administered by Charitable Giving, one of the three largest HMRC-approved payroll giving agencies in the Angus Robertson: To ask the Secretary of State for country. Details of how to participate in the scheme Defence pursuant to the answer of 28 November 2013, and links to the charitablegiving.co.uk website are Official Report, column 431W, on Afghanistan, how signposted from within the People Services area of the many aircraft of each type suffered damage. [177973] Defence Intranet. In addition, the services explain the benefits of charitable payroll giving to new recruits Mr Dunne: I am withholding the information requested during basic training and through various internal as its disclosure would, or would be likely to prejudice communications. the capability, effectiveness or security of the armed forces. Recruitment Yasmin Qureshi: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence pursuant to the answer of 8 November 2013, Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for Official Report, column 399, on Afghanistan, if he will Defence what proportion of staff recruited to his publish the (a) location, (b) type of incident to which Department since 5 May 2010 were (a) men and (b) each payment related and (c) amount of each payment. women. [178152] [178261] Anna Soubry: The proportion of female/male civilian Mr Francois: I will write to the hon. Member with the personnel recruited during the period, 1 April 2010 to information requested. 31 October 2013 is shown in the following table.

Armed Forces: Training Total Percentage

Angus Robertson: To ask the Secretary of State for Total Female 3,120 41.2 Defence how many personnel have been trained at US Intake Altus Air Force base since the C-17 has come into Male 4,460 58.8 service; and if he will estimate the cost to the public purse of such training. [177252] Total — 7,580 — MOD Dr Murrison: The information will take time to collate. Intake The Minister for the Armed Forces, my right hon. Friend the Member for Rayleigh and Wickford (Mr Total intake includes all permanent, casual and Trading Francois), will write to the hon. Member as soon as it is Funds civilian personnel but excludes Royal Fleet Auxiliary available. and Locally engaged civilians. Numbers have been rounded. 67W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 68W

Reserve Forces: Recruitment to which they are travelling is difficult to get to or in a remote location; or when they are undertaking a number Mr Kevan Jones: To ask the Secretary of State for of visits to different locations in one day. Defence if he will publish the National Statistician’s advice regarding the decision not to publish the Destination reserves recruitment statistics, originally due to be Secretary of State for Defence published on 14 November 2013. [177932] (Rt Hon. ) 26 June 2010 Cardiff to Nailsea (Armed Forces Mr Philip Hammond: On 14 November 2013, Defence Day) Statistics published provisional recruitment statistics on 2 August 2010 London to Navy HQ, Portsmouth, the number of personnel moving into the Future Reserves to London 17 November 2010 London to Taunton (40 Cmdo 2020 Volunteer Reserve populations. Homecoming and Medals Parade) to Defence Statistics had planned to publish the “moving London into” statistics, along with additional information on 8 December 2010 London to Birmingham (QE Hospital to visit wounded troops) to the numbers of applications, in a new reserves recruitment London statistics bulletin. However, oral advice from the National 15 March 2011 London to Shrivenham (to speak to Statistician, who is independent of Government, was UK Defence Academy’s Higher that Defence Statistics should not release the application Command Staff Course) to London statistics at that time, as more work was required to 7 April 2011 London to Corsham (Global validate them. As a result, the publication of the application Operations Security Control Centre) 12 July 2011 Cardiff to Shrivenham (to speak to statistics was delayed. This decision was made independently UK Defence Academy’s Advanced by the statistician. The “moving into” statistics were Command Staff Course) published in the Quarterly Personnel Report. Defence 20 July 2011 London to Stafford (National Statistics published their decision at: Memorial Arboretum) to London 24 August 2011 London to Salisbury Plain (Pre- http://www.dasa.mod.uk/publications/personnel/military/ deployment training exercise) to reserves-recruitment-experimental-statistics/edition-1/notice- Birmingham (QE Hospital to visit reserves-recruitment-experimental-statistics.pdf wounded troops) to London Future release dates for statistics on reserves, including applications, will be pre-announced on the Defence Secretary of State for Defence Statistics website: (Rt Hon. Philip Hammond) 25 October 2011 London to Bedfordshire Warrior www.dasa.mod.uk Media Event 9 January 2012 Isle of Dogs to Weymouth Bay Sovereignty: Scotland (Olympic Security Training Exercise) 24 January 2012 London to Fareham (DSTL) and Mr Kevan Jones: To ask the Secretary of State for Portsmouth (Navy HQ) to London (AUKMIN Summit with Australian Defence (1) what discussions (a) Ministers and (b) Defence Minister) senior officials in his Department have had with 29 February 2012 London to RAF Waddington representatives of the Scottish Government regarding (Olympic Security Training Exercise the division of Ministry of Defence assets in the event inc Olympic Air Defence Sites in London) of Scottish independence; [177960] 26 March 2012 London to HMNB Devonport (2) with reference to the Scottish Government’s White (HMS Vengeance visit) to London Paper entitled Scotland’s Future, page 238, what discussions 3 April 2012 Shrivenham (to speak to UK Defence Academy’s Higher (a) Ministers and (b) senior officials in his Department Command Staff Course) to London have had with representatives of the Scottish Government (to return in time for a COBR) regarding the establishment of integrated services in the 9 April 2012 Surrey to Grantham to Surrey (Visit event of Scottish independence. [177961] to troops training for fuel tanker strike) 4 May 2012 HMS Ocean (Olympic Security Dr Murrison: None. Engagement with Scottish Training Exercise) to London Government officials on issues where the reserved matter 24 May 2012 RAF Odiham (Chinook fleet visit) of defence touches devolved matters continue as normal to RAF Brize Norton (C17 fleet and is not affected by the forthcoming independence visit) to RAF High Wycombe referendum or the debate around it. (Meetings with CAS) 16 July 2012 Birmingham to London (to return from Regional Cabinet in time for Travel HoC Oral Questions) 1 August 2012 Surrey to Weymouth Bay (Olympic Mr Jim Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State Security Training Exercise) to Surrey for Defence on what occasions and for what reasons 29 October 2012 Visit to Her Majesty’s Naval Base Ministers in his Department have used military transport (HMNB) Clyde, Scotland 28 February 2013 Visit to Shorncliffe, Kent for domestic travel since taking office. [173321] 14 March 2013 Speech and visit to Edinburgh, Rosyth, RAF Leuchars, RAF Anna Soubry [holding answer 31 October 2013]: The Lossiemouth, Scotland following table shows the occasions when Ministers in 25 March 2013 London to RAF Marham (Visit to the Ministry of Defence have used military transport Tornado Fleet) for domestic travel since taking office. Military transport, 28 August 2013 London to Lodge Hill, Chattenden, Shorncliffe, to London (Defence in particular helicopters, are only used when there are Estates and Accommodation visits) time constraints on the Ministers’ time; when the location 69W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 70W

Destination Destination

30 August 2013 London to Bicester, Bordon and Waterbeach to London (Defence Under-Secretary of State for Defence Estates and Accommodation visits) (Lord Astor of Hever DL) 14 October 2013 London to RAF Wyton (Joint Cyber 5 July 2013 Annual naming ceremony National Reserves Unit) to London Memorial Arboretum, Alrewas, 30 October 2013 (Accompanied by London to Upavon (Visit to Army Staffordshire Minister for Defence Personnel, Recruiting Centre) to London Welfare and Veterans, Anna Soubry MP) Unmanned Aerial Vehicles 14 November 2013 London to St. Athan (MoD St. Athan to visit troops and visit Red Dragon Hangar) to Bristol (to visit Mr Watson: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence DEandS) pursuant to the answer of 7 November 2013, Official Report, column 269W, on unmanned aerial vehicles, Minister International Security which military remotely piloted aircraft systems not in Strategy (Sir Gerald Howarth) service have been operated in national airspace outside 6 July 2011 London to Portsmouth to London to Military Aviation Authority-approved danger areas or host a visit for the Defence Minister segregated airspace; and what the purpose of each such of Brazil operation overseen by the Minister for the Armed Forces 22 July 2010 London to Plymouth to London to was. [R] [179477] visit Devonport and Plymouth Naval Bases Mr Francois: No Ministry of Defence remotely piloted aircraft system, not presently in service, is known to Minister Defence Equipment Support and Technology (Peter Luff) have flown in the UK outside danger areas or segregated airspace. 16 January 2012 London to Pickering Showground (RAF Fylingdales) to visit with right The Civil Aviation Authority is responsible for approving hon. David Willetts MP to the Space Co-ordination Operations Centre to danger areas or segregated airspace. London Mr Watson: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence Minister for Defence Equipment pursuant to the answer of 31 October 2013, Official Support and Technology (Philip Report, column 551W, on unmanned aerial vehicle, Dunne MP) what the (a) unit, (b) service and (c) rank was of each 17 September 2013 RAF Fylingdales 50th Anniversary, of the US personnel based at the (i) Air Warfare Centre, North Yorkshire (ii) Air Battlespace Training Centre or (iii) elsewhere at RAF Waddington. [R] [179546] Minister of State for the Armed Forces (Sir Nick Harvey) Mr Francois: The information requested as at 2 December 27 July 2010 London to RAF Waddington (to 2013 is as follows: visit RAF Waddington) to London Air Warfare Centre Unit Service/Rank Number Minister of State for the Armed Forces (Rt Hon. Andrew Robathan) Air Warfare Group USAF Lt Col 1 13 May 2011 London to Dartmoor to visit Ten 56(R) Squadron USAF Captain 1 Tors RAF Waddington (Other) 2 May 2013 York to Wales to visit Cawdor Barracks and Castle Martin ranges Unit Service/Rank Number 29 August 2013 Leicestershire to Salisbury Plain; 8 Squadron USAF Major 1 Salisbury Plain to London (Recall of Parliament) 51 Squadron USAF Major 1 8 Squadron USAF Captain 1 8 Squadron USAF Lt 1 Minister of State for the Armed Forces (Rt Hon. Mark Francois) There are currently no US personnel based at the Air 5 November 2013 Poole to London to visit Royal Battlespace Training Centre. Marines 5 February 2013 Army Basing Announcement Edinburgh, Scotland Mr Watson: To ask the Secretary of State for 7 February 2013 HMS Raleigh to HMS Lancaster to Defence pursuant to the answer of 31 October 2013, visit ship training at sea Official Report, column 541W, on police: unmanned air 20-22 March 2013 Northern Ireland Welfare Visit vehicles, what information his Department collates on 9 May 2013 Inverness to Loch Ewe to attend the trialling or other use of unmanned aerial vehicles memorial service and Arctic Star by state bodies in UK airspace. [R] [178633] Medals presentation 16 May 2013 Staverton to RAF Scampton to Mr Francois: The Ministry of Defence (MOD) does attend ceremony for the 70th Anniversary of the Dambusters not centrally record or collate the trialling or other use of unmanned aerial systems by non-MOD state bodies 11-12 June 2013 HMNB Clyde Visit, Scotland in UK airspace. 71W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 72W

Veterans: Employment Employed after Financial Under 18 on Eligible for Chose to use six months : To ask the Secretary of State for year enlistment CTP CTP (percentage) Defence what proportion of personnel leaving the Army 2010-11 4,350 2,820 1,970 90 in each of the last five years have qualified for the full 2011-12 4,840 3,600 2,420 91 Carer Transition partnership resettlement package. [179737] Information prior to this is not held centrally and could be provided only at disproportionate cost. Anna Soubry: Personnel are eligible for the Career Transition Partnership if they have had at least four Warships years service, or were medically discharged, or left the armed forces due to redundancy. Angus Robertson: To ask the Secretary of State for Support on leaving the Army is graduated depending Defence (1) on how many occasions Ministers in his on length of service. Personnel with less than four years Department have been informed that the Fleet Ready service, as part of a new initiative, now have access to Escort has been gapped in each of the last five years; transition support by being offered a more ’needs-based’ and how long each gap was; [178293] level of service providing them with financial, housing (2) what ships have been assigned to Fleet Ready and employment support, including linking them to a Escort tasking in the last five years; and for how long Job Centre Plus. Personnel with four or five years each such ship was assigned; [178294] service qualify for the Employment Support Programme (3) on how many occasions an offshore patrol vessel which provides advice and briefings. Those with at least and a mine countermeasure vessel have been assigned six years service are eligible for the Full Resettlement Fleet Ready Escort tasking; [178295] Programme, which provides additional briefings, funding (4) whether Ministers in his Department must be and vocational training. Personnel who are medically informed of any gap in tasking for the Fleet Ready discharged or made redundant before this point are Escort. [178296] eligible for the Full Resettlement Programme. Not all service personnel who qualify use the Career Mr Francois: I will write to the hon. Member once Transition Partnership services. the information has been collated. The proportion of personnel leaving the Army who were eligible for the Full Resettlement Programme provided Warships: Decommissioning by Career Transition Partnership services for the last three years that figures are available are as follows: Julian Sturdy: To ask the Secretary of State for Defence what steps he is taking to ensure that the Proportion of eligible Army decommissioning of Navy ships takes place in the UK. Financial year personnel (percentage) [179684] 2009-10 45 2010-11 50 Mr Dunne: All Royal Navy ships are decommissioned 2011-12 58 in the UK and there are no plans for this to change.

Figures for earlier years are not held centrally and could be provided only at disproportionate cost. ELECTORAL COMMISSION COMMITTEE Vernon Coaker: To ask the Secretary of State for Politics and Government Defence what proportion of Army service leaders who enlisted under the age of 18 have found stable employment within (a) one month, (b) six months Chris Ruane: To ask the hon. Member for South West and (c) one year of leaving the armed forces in the last Devon, representing the Speaker’s Committee on the five years for which figures are available. [179738] Electoral Commission, what steps the Electoral Commission takes to promote British democracy overseas. [178032] Anna Soubry: The Ministry of Defence does not hold all the data required to answer the question fully, and Mr Streeter: The Electoral Commission informs me some elements could be provided only at disproportionate that it runs public awareness campaigns and works with cost. partners, including the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, to promote voter registration among British However, those Army service leavers who are eligible expatriate communities. Ahead of the European for the Career Transition Partnership (CTP) scheme Parliamentary elections in 2014, the commission will have their employment after discharge tracked. run an online registration campaign focussing on countries Information on eligible personnel who chose to use with the highest numbers of British expatriates. the CTP scheme and who found stable employment This will include advertising that is triggered in response after six months is held for the last three years and is to people using Google search terms that indicate an shown in the following table: interest in UK elections, and advertising aimed at people who originally set up email accounts in the UK but are Employed after Financial Under 18 on Eligible for Chose to use six months now accessing them overseas. Advertising will also be year enlistment CTP CTP (percentage) carried on specific websites that are commonly used by British citizens overseas, as well as expatriate radio 2009-10 4,510 2,650 1,900 87 stations. 73W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 74W

In addition to its public awareness campaigns aimed Kenya at potential overseas electors for UK elections, the commission regularly hosts visiting overseas delegations Sir Tony Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State and attends the European conference of Electoral for International Development what steps her Department Management Bodies in order to share best practice. is taking to reduce preventable newborn mortality in Kenya. [177963]

Lynne Featherstone: DFID is supporting health INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT programmes that focus on maternal health in Kenya. Charitable Donations These programmes deliver a range of health interventions from pre-pregnancy to early childhood, for example increasing access to modern family planning methods, Mr Blunkett: To ask the Secretary of State for improving coverage and quality of skilled delivery care International Development what steps her Department at birth, and working with communities to increase is taking to encourage employees to make tax-free demand for and use of quality health services. DFID’s donations direct from their salaries. [179644] support in Kenya is expected to save the lives of over 1,000 mothers and 3,800 babies between 2013 and 2018. Justine Greening: DFID has a mechanism to donate These programmes are contributing towards the UK via payroll giving (Give as You Earn) and this arrangement Government’s overall commitment to save the lives of is published to all staff via the internal staff intranet. at least 50,000 women during pregnancy and childbirth and 250,000 newborn babies by 2015. Developing Countries: Neonatal Mortality Nigeria Craig Whittaker: To ask the Secretary of State for International Development what steps her Department Sir Tony Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State is taking to reduce the number of newborns dying in for International Development what steps her Department their first 28 days of life; and what specific projects her is taking to reduce preventable newborn mortality in Department is funding with this aim. [178090] Nigeria. [177962]

Lynne Featherstone: The UK Government has committed Lynne Featherstone: DFID support to maternal, newborn to save the lives of at least 50,000 women during pregnancy and child health programmes in Nigeria includes and childbirth and 250,000 newborn babies by 2015. programmes to improve the skills and capacity of health DFID is meeting this commitment through its investments workers for newborn care, and to ensure the provision in 27 countries to strengthen health systems, and the of essential supplies and commodities for newborns. As supply of appropriate drugs to treat newborn complications. a result of DFID support, over 1.5 million women will Specific investments include the Making it Happen have delivered with the assistance of a skilled health Programme and the Health Partnership Scheme, which worker by 2019, and DFID will have contributed to train and mentor doctors, nurses, midwives and other saving the lives of over 55,000 newborns and 24,000 clinicians in emergency obstetric care. Another example women during pregnancy and childbirth. is the Evidence for Action Programme which helps policy makers, health planners, clinicians and communities Pakistan use available evidence to improve the supply of and demand for quality newborn health services. We also Mr Denham: To ask the Secretary of State for support other partners to improve Newborn care, for International Development what assessment she has example through investing in the Partnership for Maternal, made of the extent of post-traumatic stress disorder Newborn and Child Health. amongst children in Pakistan who have been exposed to terrorist attacks. [178283] Developing Countries: Sanitation Justine Greening: We are deeply concerned by the Mrs Moon: To ask the Secretary of State for effects of terrorist attacks on children’s well-being in International Development what preparations her Pakistan. We regularly assess the impact of conflict on Department has made in advance of the Sanitation and people in Pakistan. This information is not disaggregated Water for All High Level Meeting in April 2014; by specific cause but provides sufficient information to whether her Department will use this meeting to take assess and respond to the needs of the most vulnerable. steps to extend the UK’s commitments to bring water and sanitation to 60 million people by 2015; and if she Sub-Saharan Africa will make a statement. [179755] Alison McGovern: To ask the Secretary of State for Lynne Featherstone: The UK will be represented at International Development what assessment she has the 2014 Sanitation and Water for All (SWA) high level made of the effectiveness of the programmes of the meeting. This meeting will focus on accountability and International Fund for Agricultural Development in the progress countries, including the UK, have made in sub-Saharan Africa. [178297] meeting the commitments we made at the 2012 high level meeting. We expect other countries to likewise Lynne Featherstone: DFID’s Multilateral Aid Review demonstrate the progress they are making to meet their (MAR) makes a systematic assessment of the performance commitments. DFID officials are working with the of multilateral organisations including the International SWASecretariat on the agenda for the high level meeting. Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). The latest 75W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 76W update will be published shortly. The 2011 MAR notes The Department for Education’s Childcare and Early that IFAD is committed to reform and improving its YearsProvider Survey collects information on the number effectiveness, including through better project management, of child care providers in England, including after but needs to make progress in improving efficiency in all school clubs. In 2011 there were 10,000 after school areas. clubs, of which 71% were offering before school activities or child care for school aged children in term time. This Syria compares to 9,500 after school clubs in 2010, of which 67% were offering before school activities or child care Geraint Davies: To ask the Secretary of State for for school aged children in term time. The survey cannot International Development how many (a) men, (b) identify the proportion of primary schools that offer women and (c) children have been (i) killed, (ii) both before school and after school care. wounded and (iii) made refugees in the Syrian conflict (A) to date and (B) since 29 August 2013. [178364] Free Schools

Lynne Featherstone: The UN estimated in July that, Mr Blunkett: To ask the Secretary of State for since the conflict began in March 2011, more than Education pursuant to the answer of 22 October 2013, 100,000 people have been killed and 575,000 injured. Official Report, column 114W, on free schools, how The UN has not released updated figures of numbers much over and above the proportion required to meet killed or injured since July, but estimates that approximately recruitment for the current academic year has remained 5,000 are killed each month. These figures are not with free schools. [179731] broken down by age or gender. Almost 2.3 million people have been made refugees since the conflict began, Mr Timpson: Where an academy has been funded in 400,000 of those since 29 August 2013. An estimated the current academic year on the basis of its estimated 75% of these refugees are women and children. pupil numbers, the Department for Education will make an adjustment in line with its funding agreement in the following year. This applies equally to free schools. As EDUCATION this process runs at one year’s remove, we do not yet have this information for academies that were funded Children: Cancer on the basis of their estimates in 2013/14. The figures for the current academic year will be calculated in Philip Davies: To ask the Secretary of State for 2014/15. Education what discussions his Department has had with other departments regarding educational support Integrated Chronology Tool for children returning to school after lengthy absences for cancer treatment. [178064] Steve McCabe: To ask the Secretary of State for Education what steps his Department is taking to ensure Mr Timpson: The Department for Education has that all local authorities make use of the integrated worked with the Department of Health in developing chronology tool. [178405] revised statutory guidance to local authorities on educating children with health needs, issued in January 2013. The Mr Timpson: Our statutory safeguarding guidance guidance sets out that, when a child with health needs is ″Working Together to Safeguard Children 2013″ states due to return to school, local authorities should work that every assessment of a child who has been referred with the school and the current education provider to to children’s social care should draw together information support reintegration. gathered from the child and their family and from We have also introduced an amendment to the Children relevant professionals including teachers, early years and Families Bill that will place a requirement on workers, health professionals, the police and adult social schools to make arrangements for supporting pupils care. Where a child and family does not need support who have medical conditions and have regard to statutory from children’s social care, but would benefit from guidance. This guidance will advise schools to consider co-ordinated early help from more than one agency, the what educational support should be in place for these guidance states that there should be an inter-agency pupils, including those returning to school after lengthy assessment. However, we believe decisions about which absences for long-term or complex medical conditions. tools are used to support those assessments are best We are working closely with the Department of Health, taken locally and we do not therefore prescribe the use health organisations and charities and with parents and of any particular model. children on the development of the guidance, which will be subject to consultation. Pay

Children: Day Care Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for Education what the median gross pay is of staff in his Yasmin Qureshi: To ask the Secretary of State for Department and its executive agencies in each pay Education what proportion of primary schools offered band who are identified as (a) white British and (b) of wrap-around childcare services in (a) May 2010 and black, Asian and other minority ethnic groups. [178173] (b) the latest date for which figures are available. [179611] Elizabeth Truss: The median gross pay of employees in the Department, split by ethnicity, is listed in Table 1 Elizabeth Truss: This information is not held in the as follows. This includes information from the Department’s format requested. three Executive agencies. Not all employees choose to 77W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 78W declare their ethnicity and the information has been Recruitment calculated from the payroll records of staff who have provided this information. Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for Table 1: Median salaries for staff as at 31 October 2013 Education what proportion of staff recruited to his £ Department since 5 May 2010 were (a) men and (b) White Black or minority ethnic staff women. [178153] EA 18,104 21,550 Elizabeth Truss: The following table provides a AA breakdown by gender of staff recruited to the Department EAAO 18,104 18,629 for Education from 1 May 2010 up to 31 October 2013. EO 22,557 25,587 HEO 29,093 31,178 Female Male Grand total SEO 36,164 37,520 Grade 49,247 49,247 2010-11 139 117 256 7 2011-12 317 193 510 Grade 61,549 63,022 2012-13 855 636 1,491 6 2013-14 124 103 227 SCS 75,012 79,855 Total 1,435 1,049 2,484

Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for Percentage 57.8 42.2 Education what the median gross pay of (a) men and (b) women is in each pay band in his Department. The figure for 2012-13 is proportionately higher due [178191] to the transfer of staff from the Department’s ALBs following the creation of the new Executive agencies. Elizabeth Truss: The median gross pay of men and Schools: Boxing women in the Department, where this is declared, is listed in Table 1. This includes information from the : To ask the Secretary of State for Department’s three Executive agencies. Not all employees Education what information his Department holds on choose to provide their diversity information and the how many schools offer boxing, and on how many information has been calculated from the payroll records children take part in boxing at school. [178441] of staff who have provided this information. Table 1: Median salary as at 31 October 2013 based on full-time equivalent Mr Timpson: The Department for Education does salaries not collect information on how many schools offer £ boxing, or on how many pupils take part in any lessons Male Female offered. It is a matter for schools to decide what sports and activities they offer and how best to deliver them to EA 18,104 18,104 AA pupils. EAAO 18,629 18,629 Schools: Sports EO 24,002 24,002 HEO 30,434 29,950 Margaret Hodge: To ask the Secretary of State for SEO 37,210 37,231 Education what funding his Department plans to Grade 50,000 49,247 7 allocate for school sports to (a) primary and (b) Grade 63,248 62,602 secondary schools in Barking and Dagenham local 6 authority area in (i) 2013-14 and (ii) 2014-15. [178240] SCS 80,746 74,561 Mr Timpson: Funding for the provision of physical education (PE) and school sport at both primary and Pupils: Health secondary level forms part of the overall Dedicated Schools Grant, which is not broken down by subject or Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Education curriculum area. pursuant to the answer of 21 May 2013, Official Report, However, in recognition of the importance of PE and column 765W, on pupils: health, what assessment he school sport, the Government is providing over £150 has made of the reasons for the reduction in references million additional funding per year for 2013/14, 2014/15 to children’s well-being in Ofsted inspectors’ guildlines and 2015/16 which is ring-fenced solely for the improvement in 2011 and 2012. [178020] of PE and sport in primary schools. Eligible schools located in Barking and Dagenham Mr Laws: The Ofsted inspection framework from local authority area will receive a total of £450,600 in January 2012 focussed on four key areas, reflecting the additional funding for PE and sport for the academic Government’s policy as set out in Section 41 of the year 2013/14. Allocations for future funding in each Education Act 2011. local authority area are yet to be calculated. Although the term “well-being” is not specified in the Schools: Vocational Guidance required reporting areas, it continues to be an integral part of inspections with aspects of pupil well-being Yasmin Qureshi: To ask the Secretary of State for being considered within the judgments on behaviour Education what recent steps he has taken to ensure that and safety, leadership and management and the overall careers services in schools increases awareness of effectiveness of the school. vocational and technical education. [179610] 79W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 80W

Matthew Hancock: Schools are legally required to Mr Goodwill: The Government has established the secure independent careers guidance for pupils in years independent Airports Commission, chaired by Sir Howard 8-13. Guidance secured under the duty must include Davies, which is examining the scale and timing of any information on the full range of education and training requirements for additional capacity to maintain the options, including apprenticeships. UK’s position as Europe’s most important aviation We commissioned Ofsted to conduct a thematic review hub. to assess progress on implementation of the duty. This reported on 10 September. Ofsted found that, while Channel Tunnel Railway Line some schools have responded well to the new duty, the extent to which schools promoted opportunities available Robert Flello: To ask the Secretary of State for Transport at other providers, including vocational training and what the cost of construction was of the High Speed 1 apprenticeships, varied considerably. Thames crossing rail tunnel. [178380] The Government has responded to Ofsted’s report, publishing a vision statement for careers inspiration Stephen Hammond: The information requested is not and an action plan outlining how we intend to take held by the Department but can be obtained from forward Ofsted’s recommendations. Both documents London and Continental Railways Ltd at: are available in the House Library. London and Continental Railways Ltd In addition, the Government has developed and publishes 4th Floor Destination Measures showing the percentage of students progressing from school or college to sustained participation One Kemble Street in further or higher education, employment or training. London This enables schools and colleges to be held to account WC2B 4AN. for how effectively they have supported their students to move successfully into a suitable destination. Robert Flello: To ask the Secretary of State for Transport what the cost per kilometre was of the construction of the High Speed 1 rail line. [178381]

TRANSPORT Stephen Hammond: The High Speed 1 line is 108 km (67 miles) in length and runs from central London to A14 the Eurotunnel boundary. The total construction cost of HS1, including infrastructure such as stations, sidings Robert Flello: To ask the Secretary of State for and depots, was £6 billion. Transport what his policy is on the A14 bypass; and if he will make a statement. [178377] Charitable Donations

Mr Goodwill: The decision not to toll the A14 Cambridge Mr Blunkett: To ask the Secretary of State for to Huntingdon improvement scheme was announced by Transport what steps his Department is taking to the Government in the New National Infrastructure encourage its employees to make tax-free donations Plan 2013 and the Autumn Statement. direct from their salaries. [179646] The Highways Agency is progressing delivery of the project, and subject to statutory processes, expect the Stephen Hammond: The improvement works to start in 2016. (Central) and its Executive agencies encourage employees to make regular tax-free donations to charity from their Aviation salaries by operating a workplace payroll giving scheme. The scheme is promoted through internal Mr Marsden: To ask the Secretary of State for Transport communications and by occasional visits by charities to pursuant to the answer of 11 November 2013, Official the workplace. Report, column 452W, on aviation, if he will make it his The central Department was awarded a Gold Payroll policy to collect such information. [178103] Giving Quality Mark Award for 2012 by the Payroll Giving Centre. The Gold Award is given to employers Mr Goodwill: Operational data on aviation is collected that have succeeded in generating sustainable income by the Civil Aviation Authority and data on the number sources for UK charities through payroll giving and of private flights undertaken each year is not collected. have at least 10% of staff signed up. I do not consider there is sufficient justification to change this approach. Doing so would impose unnecessary and additional administrative and financial burdens on Delivery Services both the CAA to collect this information, and on private pilots to provide associated data to the CAA. Robert Flello: To ask the Secretary of State for Transport if he will publish the guidance his Department gives to Birmingham Airport local authorities on night time deliveries. [178376]

Mr Jim Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State Mr Goodwill: We already publish guidance on our for Transport if he will commission research into the website at: potential benefits of expanding Birmingham airport to https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/quiet-deliveries- be a hub airport. [178284] demonstration-scheme 81W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 82W

We are currently producing revised guidance and this Further to the announcement that the Government will also be published on our website in the near future. has committed an additional £500 million to support the uptake of ultra low emission vehicles out to 2020, a Driving Tests call for evidence was launched in November to inform the development of the 2015-20 package of support for ULEVs. This is expected to include measures to support : To ask the Secretary of State for the roll-out of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and hydrogen Transport pursuant to the answer of 26 November refuelling infrastructure from 2015. 2013, Official Report, column 190W, on driving tests, what losses were incurred to his Department during the Gatwick Express Railway Line procurement process; for what reason an investigation into the conduct of officials engaged in the procurement process was required; and if he will publish the results Lilian Greenwood: To ask the Secretary of State for of that investigation. [177958] Transport what steps he is taking to raise public awareness of the planned disruption to Gatwick Express rail services Mr Goodwill: The decision to award a framework over the Christmas period. [178420] agreement for the supply of computer based testing for government was subject to a formal challenge. As a Stephen Hammond: Network Rail and train operating consequence, and as a matter of good practice, the companies lead on communication with passengers over Department for Transport has commissioned an planned and unplanned disruption to services and this investigation into the conduct of officials. The investigation is underpinned by obligations in franchise agreements is an internal management matter. To ensure continued and operating licences. I am aware from officials that supply of the driving theory test and a reduction in test the industry is taking a number of steps to ensure the fees, the Driving Standards Agency entered into the works are publicised extensively, including national and commercial arrangements set out in my answer of 26 local media and through the industry National Rail November 2013, Official Report, column 190W. The enquiries website. costs of running the procurement process were set out Measures taken by various parties to ensure users of in the same answer. the airport are aware of the disruption include: posters displayed at stations from September providing advance Exhaust Emissions: Motor Vehicles notice to passengers; several stakeholder briefings; Martin Vickers: To ask the Secretary of State for over 100,000 booklets being handed out by Southern—operator Transport whether his Department has plans to support of the largest number of train services to —to low carbon hydrogen for electric vehicles and hydrogen passengers at various key locations; fuel cell vehicles. [179621] emails to passengers on Southern’s and Gatwick Express’s databases; Mr Goodwill: The Department for Transport (DFT), detailed information on Southern’s website and a link to this together with the Department of Energy and Climate information on the Gatwick Express website; Change (DECC) and Department for Business, Innovation the National Rail enquiries website also containing this information and Skills (BIS), is an active participant in the joint and links to Southern’s website; industry-Government UKH2Mobility project, which flyers at stations, and proactively handed out at key locations, was launched in January 2012. Following the completion directing people to the websites; of the evaluation phase and publication of a report in information on customer information screens at stations; April 2013, the UKH2Mobility project has been working a social media campaign in use by Network Rail, Gatwick to develop a potential business plan for the roll-out of airport and the train operators serving Gatwick; hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and the associated refuelling announcements at stations and by conductors on trains in the infrastructure in the UK from 2015. A key area of work run-up to the period of disruption; being undertaken in the UKH2Mobility project is looking a communication plan by Gatwick airport to communicate to at the means to ensure a pathway to a low carbon or its passengers via its website, social media, posters throughout green production of hydrogen. This work is ongoing. the airport and via the airlines. The Technology Strategy Board (TSB) working with During the period of disruption, extra staff being the Office for Low Emissions Vehicles (OLEV), BIS recruited by Southern will assist passengers with information and DECC has invested in excess of £41 million into and with luggage at main interchange points. fuel cell and hydrogen technologies since 2009. In this financial year 2013-14, the TSB has plans to invest a High Speed 2 Railway Line further £4.5 million into ongoing activity supporting fuel cell manufacturing and the supply chain and £5 Jeremy Lefroy: To ask the Secretary of State for million into technologies specifically enabling the market Transport how many passenger journeys are expected for hydrogen. Fuel cells and hydrogen technologies are to be made on High Speed 2 on average each day once a part of the TSB’s Energy strategy and further investments the line is complete; and what the capacity of the line into this area are anticipated during the current spending will be in terms of numbers of passenger journeys per review period to continue to support UK companies day. [177948] developing products for this growing global market. In addition, hydrogen fuel cell electric cars are eligible Mr Goodwill: The daily number of passengers on under the existing plug-in car grant scheme, administered High Speed 2 in 2036 is forecast to be around 300,000 by OLEV, which offers motorists a grant of 25% towards and the number of seats provided per day is expected to the cost of the vehicle, up to a maximum of £5,000. be around 500,000. 83W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 84W

Jeremy Lefroy: To ask the Secretary of State for Stephen Hammond: The provisions of the Merchant Transport what proportion of passengers travelling on Shipping (Hours of Work) Regulations 2002 are currently High Speed 2 are expected to be (a) business and (b) being reviewed with a view to amending them as part of leisure travellers. [177949] a package of measures to implement the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006, which sets common global Mr Goodwill: The Department for Transport does standards to ensure a level playing field. not hold the information in the form requested. The proposed changes will: Large Goods Vehicles increase statutory paid leave entitlement of employed seafarers to 2.5 days of leave per month of employment and eight additional days paid leave per year in respect of public holidays; Richard Burden: To ask the Secretary of State for give seafarers an entitlement to shore leave; Transport pursuant to the answer of 22 November Official Report, give the right for seafarers to enforce their statutory paid leave 2013, column 1051W, on large goods entitlement by presenting a claim to an employment tribunal vehicles, for what reason his assessment that longer (in Northern Ireland, an industrial tribunal). semi-trailers are able to match the performance of existing Regulations amending the 2002 regulations are expected semi-trailers differs from the assessments in paragraphs to be made early in 2014. 23 and 24 of his Department’s consultation on the possibility of allowing an increase in the length of Railways: Freight articulated lorries and in paragraph 3.2.6 of his Department’s publication, Longer Semi-trailers feasibility : To ask the Secretary of State for study and impact assessment, published in March 2011. Transport how many rail freight sites Network Rail has [178035] acquired from the private sector since 2000-01; and what the cost was in each instance. [176986] Mr Goodwill: The Feasibility Study and consultation documents both stated that if longer semi-trailers used Stephen Hammond: This is a commercial matter for existing steering technology then they would comply Network Rail as the owner and operator of the national with existing regulations, albeit with a slightly increased network. The hon. Member should contact Network tail swing. The degree of tail swing depends on the axle rail’s chief executive at the following address for a configuration. response to his question: All longer semi-trailers in the trial use rear axle steering David Higgins technology and so fully comply with manoeuvrability Chief Executive requirements as set out in national “construction and use” legislation. Network Rail Kings Place M20 90 York Way London Robert Flello: To ask the Secretary of State for N1 9AG. Transport how many commercial vehicles have used the M20 in each year since 2000. [178379] Roads: Repairs and Maintenance

Mr Goodwill: A table showing how many commercial Mary Creagh: To ask the Secretary of State for vehicles have used the M20 in each year since 2000 has Transport what the road maintenance budget was in been placed in the Libraries of the House. (a) total and (b) each region in each year since 2005. The categories of commercial vehicles provided in [178576] the table only include LGVs, HGVs, buses and coaches. Our data does not allow us to identify all commercial Mr Goodwill: The Department for Transport provides vehicles but only allows us to differentiate between the funding to local authorities in England (outside London) specified categories above. for road maintenance through the highways maintenance capital block grant. This funding is not ring-fenced and Merchant Shipping (Hours of Work) Regulations 2002 allows authorities who are responsible for the local road network, the freedom to develop and implement solutions Ian Lavery: To ask the Secretary of State for which best suit their priorities. Transport when his Department last reviewed the The following table highlights the road maintenance operation of the Merchant Shipping (Hours of Work) budget allocated to local highways authorities in each Regulations 2002. [178215] year since 2005:

Local highways maintenance England3 East EM NE NW SE SW WM Y&H

2005-062 705 94.7 77.3 45.4 98.2 109.6 114.7 85.2 78.7 2006-072 717 99.8 78 45.8 89.9 105.7 117.1 93.6 87.6 2007-082 732 106.3 77.1 49 106.7 112.6 112 80.4 86 2008-092 767 99.4 73 124 105 116.9 112.1 87.8 91.2 2009-102 801 107.8 79.8 44.3 112.3 124.1 117.8 89.4 92.3 2010-111,2 920 121.8 93.3 51.1 146.5 147.9 143 109.5 103.9 2011-121 1,006 132.7 104.8 52.9 132.6 173.6 176.7 105.8 108.5 2012-13 779 102.9 82.9 43.5 104.9 133.6 137.6 81.6 84.4 85W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 86W

Local highways maintenance England3 East EM NE NW SE SW WM Y&H

2013-141 890 117 96.1 49.9 120.5 148.8 155.5 94.9 93.7 1 This includes additional funding agreed within the financial year. For 2010-11 this includes £84 million announced in the March 2010 Budget and allocated to English local highway authorise (including London). For 2011-12 this includes £200 million allocated in the March 2011 Budget and allocated to English local highway authorise (including London). For 2013-14 this includes additional funding announced in the 2012 autumn statement and allocated to English local highway authorities (including London). 2 These were indicative funding allocations as authorities were allowed to borrow against the funding allocation they received through supported borrowing arrangements that were in place at the time. 3 The figures provided for England as a whole do not equal the sum of those for the regions. This is because a proportion of total funding has been held back for contingency purposes. In addition, the additional funding allocated in the 2010 and 2011 Budgets and the 2012 autumn statement was also allocated to London local authorities, which are not featured in this table due to their unique funding arrangements.

In addition, local authorities are also able to use Stephen Hammond: The Department does not have revenue funding, allocated by the Department for the information as requested. 10 different passenger rail Communities and Local Government through the Revenue companies provide services on the West Coast mainline, Support Grant, for maintaining their local highways. and they are not required by the Department to provide For the strategic road network, the Highways Agency such information. operates and maintains its asset on a national basis, therefore regional budgets (b) are not readily available. Jeremy Lefroy: To ask the Secretary of State for Transport how many passenger journeys were made on Highways Agency maintenance the West Coast Main Line on average each day in the Financial year £ million most recent period for which figures are available; and 2005-06 865 what the maximum capacity of the line is in terms of 2006-07 862 daily passenger journeys. [177954] 2007-08 839 2008-09 896 Stephen Hammond: The Department for Transport 2009-10 913 does not hold this information. 10 different operators 2010-11 748 provide passenger services on the West Coast Mainline. The Office of Rail Regulation publishes statistics showing 2011-12 833 the number of journeys made with each train operator 2012-13 755 each year, but for all of these 10 operators, journeys on 2013-14 754 their services are made on both the West Coast Mainline and on other lines. This Government also recognises the need for improved The Department holds some information about train highways maintenance over the longer term and has operators’ planned capacity provision, but as a seat can taken action. In April 2011, Ministers announced that be used by multiple occupants along a service’s route we are sponsoring the Highways Maintenance Efficiency this does not show the maximum number of journeys Programme (HMEP) to look at longer term maintenance that can be accommodated. strategies. This programme is providing practical and adaptable efficiency solutions, so authorities can make more informed local investment decisions to support their local community and economy. DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER Telephone Services Transport Valerie Vaz: To ask the Deputy Prime Minister how Robert Flello: To ask the Secretary of State for Transport many telephone lines with the prefix (a) 0845, (b) how many authorised testing facilities his Department 0844 and (c) 0843 his Office (i) operates and (ii) plans to open in the next five years. [178378] sponsors; how many calls each number has received in the last 12 months; and whether alternative numbers Mr Goodwill: The number of authorised testing facilities charged at the BT local rate are available in each case. (ATFs) that open is driven by the demand from the [174994] market. VOSA authorises those ATFs that wish to open, but has not made any long-term predictions Mr Hurd [holding answer 18 November 2013]: The about how many ATFs there will be in the next five Deputy Prime Minister’s Office is an integral part of years. the Cabinet Office. The 400th ATF is due to open shortly and we predict The Cabinet Office has identified no telephone lines that there will be 445 ATFs by the end of March 2013. with the prefix 0844 or 0843, and two with the prefix 0845. One of these was inherited from the previous Government. West Coast Railway Line Neither line is targeted at users of public services and one of them has an alternative local landline number Jeremy Lefroy: To ask the Secretary of State for and call-back service. Transport what proportion of passengers travelling on One of the 0845 numbers will be replaced in the new the West Coast Main Line were (a) business and (b) year with a web portal and call-back service. We will leisure travellers in the most recent period for which also review the use of the other 0845 line in the new figures are available. [177950] year. 87W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 88W

My Department does not hold information on the The sum of AAF1 for admission episodes for (a) 0to exact number of calls to these numbers. 12-year-olds and (b) 0 to 17-year-olds where (i) the AAF for the episode is one (wholly attributable to alcohol) and (ii) the AAF for the episode is less than HEALTH one (partially attributable to alcohol) for the years 2008-09 to 2012-132. Abortion 0 to12 years 0 to 17 years Mr Burrowes: To ask the Secretary of State for Health in what circumstances his Department requires AAF=1 AAF<1 AAF=1 AAF<1 doctors to provide evidence to substantiate their 2008-09 364 0 6,876 5,970 opinion that an abortion is legally justified; and how 2009-10 346 0 6,781 6,049 that evidence is assessed. [178040] 2010-11 272 0 6443 6,188 2011-12 243 0 5,230 6,076 Jane Ellison: Except for emergencies, an abortion is only legal if two medical practitioners are of the opinion 2012-13 209 0 4,360 5,713 1 Alcohol-related admissions formed in good faith that there are grounds for an The number of alcohol-related admissions is based on the methodology abortion within the Abortion Act 1967 (as amended). developed by the North West Public Health Observatory, which uses The two doctors are each required to certify that they 48 indicators for alcohol-related illnesses, determining the proportion have reached this opinion on Form HSA1, together of a wide range of diseases and injuries that can be partly attributed with the ground for the abortion. Form HSA4 form is to alcohol as well as those that are, by definition, wholly attributable completed by the terminating practitioner, and also to alcohol. Further information on these proportions can be found at http://www.nph.net/nwpho/publications/ includes the ground for the abortion, and must be AlcoholAttributableFractions.pdf submitted to the chief medical officer (CMO). 2 Assessing growth through time The CMO wrote to all those involved in abortion HES figures are available from 1989-90 onwards. Changes to the figures over time need to be interpreted in the context of improvements provision on 22 November 2013. This letter highlighted in data quality and coverage (particularly in earlier years), improvements that there is an expectation that both doctors will have in coverage of independent sector activity (particularly from 2006-07) taken positive steps to obtain information specific to and changes in NHS practice. For example, apparent reductions in the woman seeking a termination as part of reaching activity may be due to a number of procedures which may now be their decision and to have turned their mind to the undertaken in outpatient settings and so no longer include in admitted particular facts of that case when forming their opinion. patient HES data. Note: Doctors should be able to evidence how this decision Activity in English NHS Hospitals and English NHS commissioned was reached if asked to justify it subsequently. The activity in the independent sector. Department is now developing more detailed guidance Source: for practitioners involved in abortion. Hospital Episode Statistics (HES), The Health and Social Care Information Centre. Alcoholic Drinks: Young People

Andrew Griffiths: To ask the Secretary of State for Alzheimer’s Disease Health how many people under (a) 13 and (b) 18 were admitted to hospital for an (i) alcohol-related Mr Andrew Smith: To ask the Secretary of State for condition and (ii) alcohol-specific condition in each of Health (1) if he will have discussions with research the last five years. [178431] councils and other appropriate research bodies on providing Dr Poulter: The following table contains the sum of specific funding for (a) the study of risk factors in the estimated alcohol-related admissions, using attributable Alzheimer’s disease and (b) clinical trials to assess the fractions for 0 to 12-year-olds and 0 to 17-year-olds role of managing those risks in preventing that disease; residents in England. [178014] It should be noted that these figures are not a count (2) what assessment he has made of the potential of people and represent an estimated number of admissions benefits of increasing expenditure on research into the that were attributable to alcohol. risk factors associated with dementia and their prevention. Alcohol attributable fractions (AAFs) are based on [179667] the proportion of a given diagnosis or injury that is estimated to be attributed to alcohol. Some diagnoses Dr Poulter: In March 2012, the Prime Minister’s or injuries will, by definition, be wholly attributable to challenge on dementia announced that the combined alcohol and have an AAF of one, others will only be value of the Department’s National Institute for Health partly attributable to alcohol and have an AAF greater Research (NIHR), the Medical Research Council and than zero, but less than one. Diagnoses or injuries that the Economic and Social Research Council funding for are not attributable at all to alcohol will have an AAF research into dementia will increase from £26.6 million of zero. in 2009-10 to an estimated £66.3 million in 2014-15. These figures are derived by summing all AAFs for Combined spend on dementia research by these funders the relevant admissions and should therefore only be reached £52.2 million in 2012-13. interpreted as an estimate of the number of admissions In partnership with medical research charities, these that can be attributed to alcohol. funders invest in a wide range of research relating to It should also be noted that attributable fractions are Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, including research not available for children under 16. Therefore figures on risk factors, prevention, diagnosis, treatment and for this age group relate only to wholly-attributable care. Together with work in the two other key areas of admissions, where the attributable fraction is one. the Prime Minister’s challenge, the investment in research 89W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 90W will help to both improve quality of life and quality of Dr Poulter: It is not possible to identify ’detoxified at care, and reduce future pressures on the national health birth’ using the ICD-10 classification1 Instead we have service and social care. provided a count of finished admission birth episodes The NIHR welcomes funding applications for research where there was a primary or secondary diagnosis of into any aspect of human health, including risk factors neonatal withdrawal symptoms from maternal use of for dementia and interventions to mitigate such risk drugs of addiction. factors. These applications are subject to peer review 1 ICD-10 code used: P96.1 Neonatal withdrawal symptoms form and judged in open competition, with awards being maternal use of drugs of addiction. made on the basis of the importance of the topic to patients and the NHS, value for money and scientific Sum of finished admissions quality. episodes 2012-13 1,129 Asthma 2011-12 1,097 2010-11 1,017 John Woodcock: To ask the Secretary of State for 2009-10 1,132 Health if he will introduce asthma action plans to 2008-09 1,056 improve standards of asthma care and reduce asthma 2007-08 1,094 deaths. [178601] 2006-07 1,065 2005-06 1,045 Jane Ellison: To improve outcomes for asthma patients, in July 2011 we published, “An outcomes strategy for 2004-05 1,021 people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2003-04 1,028 and asthma in England”, which set out the ways in Source: Hospital Episode Statistics (HES), Health and Social Care Information which we will meet our aim of delivering healthcare Centre outcomes for people with COPD and asthma as good Bacterial Diseases as anywhere in the world. The strategy set out an objective to: ensure all people : To ask the Secretary of State for with asthma are free of symptoms because of prompt Health what assessment he has made of the risk of a and accurate diagnosis; ensure that they are involved in pandemic if NDM-1 enzyme transferred to a highly shared decision making regarding treatment; and ensure contagious bacterium against which modern that they receive ongoing support as they self-manage antibiotics would be ineffective. [177924] their own condition and so reduce need for unscheduled health care and risk of death. The strategy can be found at: Jane Ellison: No formal assessment has been made of the pandemic potential of bacteria producing the NDM-1 www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/ enzyme (New-Delhi metallo beta-lactamase) as they are attachment_data/file/216139/dh_128428.pdf generally a problem in health care settings rather than In May 2012 we published the NHS Companion the community. Control of infections caused by bacteria Document to the Outcomes Strategy. This uses the producing this and similar enzymes that inactivate framework of the five domains of the NHS Outcomes carbapenem antibiotics has been a focus of activity for Framework to describe the actions and interventions our Advisory Committee on Antimicrobial Resistance that the national health service can take to meet the and Healthcare Associated Infections (ARHAI) and objectives in the Outcomes Strategy for COPD and the Health Protection Agency (now Public Health England) Asthma. Under each domain, the evidence for change for some time. to make improvements in outcomes is presented and the key actions that the NHS can take are given. We will be building on previous work to help the NHS to prevent and control spread of these and other NHS England has responsibility for determining the resistant bacteria through the implementation of the overall national approach to improve clinical outcomes UK Antimicrobial Resistance Strategy 2013 to 2018 from healthcare services for people with asthma. and the publication on 2 December 2013 of Public In February 2013, the National Institute for Health Health England’s toolkit, which enables health care and Care Excellence (NICE) published its asthma quality providers to identify and manage carbapenemase-producing standard, which covers the diagnosis and treatment of enterobacteriaceae, which includes those producing the asthma in adults, young people and children aged 12 NDM-1 enzyme. months and older. The quality standard sets out that A copy of the toolkit has been placed in the Library. people with asthma should receive a written personalised action plan. Blood: Donors NHS England is statutorily required to have regard to NICE quality standards. It is for NHS England to Naomi Long: To ask the Secretary of State for Health take forward implementation of the NICE quality standard what assessment he has made of the implications for on asthma. his Department’s policies of Justice Treacy’s ruling on blood donation from men who have sex with men; and Babies what plans he has to bring blood donation rules in Northern Ireland in line with the rest of the UK. Andrew Griffiths: To ask the Secretary of State for [178263] Health how many babies had to be detoxified at birth from the substance upon which their mother was Jane Ellison: The Department is currently considering dependent in each of the last 10 years. [178430] the potential implications of this judgment. 91W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 92W

Buildings Jane Ellison: The safety of high caffeine energy drinks was assessed by the European Scientific Committee on Andrew Gwynne: To ask the Secretary of State for Food in 2003. Their opinion was that high caffeine Health whether the costs of adapting his Department’s drinks caused increased excitability; irritability, nervousness buildings to accommodate the new organisations created or anxiety in some people who drank them, particularly by the Health and Social Care Act 2012 are included in if those people were normally low consumers of caffeine. his published estimate of costs associated with the No long-term health effects were noted. reorganisation implemented under the terms of the The Food Standards Agency considers the effects of Health and Social Care Act 2012. [178060] caffeine are transitory and without permanent health effects and their advice is that children, or other people Dr Poulter: On 18 July 2013 the Secretary of State for sensitive to caffeine, should only consume caffeine in Health made a written ministerial statement on the moderation. costs and benefits of NHS modernisation. I refer the hon. Member to the written ministerial statement given The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) is in by the Secretary of State for Health, my right hon. the process of evaluating the safety of caffeine including Friend the Member for South West Surrey (Mr Hunt) potential interactions with other ingredients. They are on 18 July 2013, Official Report, columns 125-26WS. also considering whether it is appropriate to establish The Secretary of State announced that, up to 31 recommended intake levels for the general population, March 2013, costs of £1,096 million had been incurred or sub groups such as children. EFSA’s opinion is across the health and care system on developing and expected in the next few months. establishing the new arrangements. Within this figure £42 million had been incurred on estates costs of closing Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for bodies and setting up new organisations. This figure Health what assessment he has made of the consumption included the costs of adapting the Department’s buildings rate of high-caffeine energy drinks by children. [179679] to accommodate the new organisations created by the Health and Social Care Act 2012. The above costs should Jane Ellison: In 2011, the European Food Safety be viewed alongside the savings arising from NHS Authority commissioned a study on the consumption modernisation, expected to be £5.5 billion during the of high-caffeine energy drinks in the European Union. current Parliament and £1.5 billion per annum thereafter. The results showed that for United Kingdom children (three to 10 year olds) the population mean and high Andrew Gwynne: To ask the Secretary of State for level caffeine consumption from energy drinks alone Health pursuant to the answer of 25 October 2013, was 6.2 milligrams per day (mg/day) and 33.8 mg/day Official Report, column 281W, on buildings, what the respectively. For a typical energy drink, which contains cost of the refurbishments at (a) Richmond house and 80 mg of caffeine in a 250 ml can, this equates to 8% (b) Wellington house was, by category of expenditure. and 42% of a can a day. By comparison a mug of [178096] instant coffee contains around 80 mg of caffeine.

Dr Poulter: The Department’s supplier has been able Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for to provide a breakdown of the costs under the headings Health what recent discussions he has had (a) at of electrical works, mechanical works, fabric, fixtures Responsibility Deal Meetings, (b) with major retailers and fittings and management costs. and (c) with the Food Standards Agency on the sale of Costs on the refurbishment undertaken in 2013 to high-caffeine energy drinks to children. [179680] date for refurbishment in Richmond house and Wellington house by category of expenditure is shown in the following Jane Ellison: The Government has held no discussions tables. specific to the sale of high-caffeine energy drinks to children at any meetings of the Responsibility Deal or (a) Richmond house with retailers. Food Standards Agency advice is that, £ based on the current scientific evidence on their safety, restrictions on the sale of these drinks to children are Electrical works 402,211 not necessary. The Government continues to monitor Mechanical works 872,783 the situation and any new emerging scientific evidence. Fabric, fixtures and fittings 626,193 Management costs 845,296 Care Homes: CCTV

(b) Wellington house Henry Smith: To ask the Secretary of State for Health £ whether his Department is considering introducing a Electrical works 1,360,980 requirement for care homes to install closed circuit Mechanical works 1,347,291 television monitoring for the purposes of patient safety Fabric, fixtures and fittings 3,149,647 and staff reassurance. [177942] Management costs 433,799 Norman Lamb: The Department is not considering Caffeine introducing a requirement for care homes to install closed circuit television monitoring. Mrs Hodgson: To ask the Secretary of State for However we are strengthening the Care Quality Health what assessment he has made of the effect of Commission’s (CQC) regulatory function and believe high-caffeine energy drinks on the short and long-term that it should look carefully at how to uncover any type health of children. [179678] of abuse or neglect in care. The use of covert surveillance 93W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 94W or video monitoring would require very careful Norman Lamb: We are informed by the Care Quality consideration by the CQC, including balancing the Commission (CQC) that it has not systematically collected need to improve the quality of care and the effectiveness the data requested over the past five years and is therefore of inspection with protecting and maintaining the privacy unable to provide historic information. and dignity of service users. Within the past nine months, the CQC has changed The CQC will have widespread powers to take firm its data collection to identify those locations at which a action on poor care and to hold both councils and registered manager may be required but not in post. As providers to account for the quality of services. a result, the CQC is now able to identify providers in breach of the requirement and calculate how long it has Care Homes: Fees and Charges been since the last registered manager was in post. The CQC uses the data to challenge providers and to Paul Burstow: To ask the Secretary of State for hold them to account when they may be in breach of Health if he will update his Department’s guidance on the conditions of their registration. The CQC also seeks the payment of top-ups in residential care in order to information on the recruitment of a replacement when ensure that no adult or their family is required to pay it receives notification of a manager resigning or leaving. top ups in order to meet their eligible need; and if he The CQC publishes information about all regulated will make a statement. [179666] services on its website. The information shows if a manager is required for a service and whether or not Norman Lamb: Guidance on the use of third party there is one in post. It is available at: top up fees for local authority funded social care placements www.cqc.org.uk/sites/default/files/media/documents/ is clearly set out in Local Authority Circular LAC(2004)20. hsca_active_locations.xlsx Following the passage of the Care Bill, updated guidance will be issued to local authorities. We anticipate consulting Charitable Donations on this in the spring. Mr Blunkett: To ask the Secretary of State for Health Care Homes: General Practitioners what steps his Department is taking to encourage employees to make tax-free donations direct from their salaries. [179642] Paul Burstow: To ask the Secretary of State for Health what information his Department collects Dr Poulter: The Department promotes payroll giving concerning charging for healthcare services by GPs for by their employees as an easy and tax-efficient way to residents in care homes; what assessment his Department make donations to the charities of their choice via has made of the scale of that practice; what steps he is communications on our intranet. These communications taking to ensure consistent access standards for primary also explain the process we have put in place to enable care services for residents of care homes; and if he will this to happen. In addition, the Department uses a make a statement. [177943] professional fundraising organisation to promote payroll giving by regularly holding awareness sessions for all Dr Poulter: The Department does not collect this employees. information. Care home residents are entitled to receive the same care from the general practitioner (GP) practice Clinical Commissioning Groups where they are registered as people who live in their own homes. This care would include a home visit if the GP Jeremy Lefroy: To ask the Secretary of State for deems it clinically appropriate. Health what the level of funding per head is for each If a higher level of care—beyond what is normally clinical commissioning group allocated by NHS England expected from a practice—is needed, this can be arranged from its 2013-14 budget; and what the equivalent figures and funded through NHS England as a local enhanced are for each of the last five years. [177953] service. For private work however, such as offering staff training or health and safety advice, professional fees Dr Poulter: The total revenue budget for the national may be charged. health service increased by 2.6 billion in 2013-14. Clinical GPs are independent business people who work under commissioning groups (CCGs) were fully established contract with NHS England to provide patients with from 1 April 2013, receiving their first commissioning national health service primary medical services. Under funding for the 2013-14 financial year. A note of each the terms of their NHS contract, GPs are prevented CCGs allocation, as announced in December 2012, has from charging registered patients for any treatment been placed in the Library. There is no prior year CCG except in a few, very limited circumstances. It is the data. responsibility of NHS England to ensure GPs do not Dementia: Cornwall breach the terms of their contract and to take action if a breach occurs. Sarah Newton: To ask the Secretary of State for Health what funding has been allocated to health Care Homes: Managers professionals in Cornwall from the NHS Innovation Challenge Prize for Dementia fund. [178635] Paul Burstow: To ask the Secretary of State for Health how many care homes reported the absence of a Norman Lamb: The Plymouth Care Coordination registered manager for (a) less than three, (b) three to Team were highly commended for their entry in the six, (c) six to nine, (d) nine to 12 and (e) more than 12 NHS Innovation Challenge Prize for Dementia, but months in each of the last five years. [177945] received no monetary award. 95W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 96W

Electronic Cigarettes ADR reports will continue to be monitored, along with any other emerging evidence, and if the strength of David T. C. Davies: To ask the Secretary of State for evidence supports it then re-categorising a particular Health for what reasons electronic cigarettes are drug substance would be considered. regulated as a medicinal product; and if he will make a A list of the published literature reviewed as part of statement. [179746] this process will also shortly be published alongside the already available information. Jane Ellison: Only nicotine-containing products (NCP), including electronic cigarettes, which are presented as Gender Recognition having properties for treating or preventing disease in human beings, such as nicotine addiction, are considered Kate Green: To ask the Secretary of State for Health to be medicinal products. (1) what his Department’s policy is on access to gender Medicines regulation requires that licensed products reassignment services; [178044] meet appropriate standards of quality, safety and efficacy; (2) what NHS expenditure on gender reassignment that safety in use is monitored, including over the long treatment and advice was in (a) 2005, (b) 2010 and term; and any emerging risks are effectively managed. (c) 2013; [178045] The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommends the use of licensed nicotine replacement (3) what estimate he has made of the average time therapy to reduce the harms of smoking to smokers and spent on waiting lists for gender reassignment in (a) those around them. North West England and (b) England in each of the last five years; [178046] Smoking is the greatest single cause of avoidable ill-health and death, accounting for 80,000 deaths each (4) what assessment he has made of any variation in year in England alone. The Government is concerned to gender reassignment policies across NHS trusts in ensure that an effective, proportionate regulatory framework England and Wales. [178047] exists to enable safe and effective products to meet this public health priority. Norman Lamb: Since April 2013 gender identity services have been commissioned by NHS England. NHS England NCPs which are not presented as medicines are not will continue to work with the transgendered community subject to medicinal licensing. General Product Safety and stakeholders through the Clinical Reference Group Directive provisions apply to such products. for Gender Identity services, to produce a single and consistent policy for the whole of England. Epilepsy However, an England-wide interim protocol was consulted on, developed and began on 1 November Laura Sandys: To ask the Secretary of State for 2013. The protocol is based on the previously published Health if he will direct the Medicines and Healthcare and well received Scottish protocol. The protocol relies Products Regulatory Agency to publish guidance and on the publication of the Inter-Collegiate “Good practice the evidence on which its anti-epileptics: changing guidelines for the treatment of adults with gender products is based. [178650] dysphoria” published at the end of October 2013. A fully consulted policy document and service specifications Norman Lamb: On 12 November 2013 following earlier will be published during 2014. consideration of the matter by its independent expert Until April 2013, gender identity services were largely advisory group, the Commission on Human Medicines commissioned by primary care trusts (PCTs). Each (CHM) the MHRA published advice in relation to PCT commissioned gender reassignment services to switching between manufacturers’ products of oral local need and policies. antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). This advice included messages Data on expenditure on gender reassignment treatments targeted to health care professionals, patients and marketing are not collected centrally. Data on finished consultant authorisation holders. episodes with a primary or secondary procedure of Furthermore, information setting the context of this gender reassignment surgery for the years 2005-06, 2010-11 advice in relation to National Institute for Health and and 2012-13 are provided in the following table: Care Excellence (NICE) guidance on AEDs and the Count of finished consultant episodes (FCEs) with a primary or secondary regulatory approval of generic drugs was also provided. procedure of gender reassignment surgery for the years 2005-06, 2010-11 and 2012-13: Activity in English NHS Hospitals and English NHS commissioned On 25 November 2013 the Medicines and Healthcare activity in the independent sector products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) published more FCEs detailed information in the form of a report of the evidence which was considered by the CHM in reaching 2005-06 139 this position. This report can be found on the MHRA 2010-11 169 website: 2012-13 167 Source: www.mhra.gov.uk/home/groups/comms-ic/documents/ Hospital Episode Statistics (HES), The Health and Social Care Information websiteresources/con341226.pdf Centre The review considered adverse drug reaction (ADR) Data on average waiting times lists for gender reporting, published literature and the characteristics of reassignment in north-west England centrally: the individual AEDs, their therapeutic index, solubility The current average waiting time for those patients (male to and absorption properties. With regard to the characteristics female) who wish to progress to surgical reassignment is 24 weeks. of the individual drugs, a summary for each drug is The current average waiting time for those patients (female to included within the CHM report. male) that wish to progress to surgical reassignment is 16 weeks. 97W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 98W

General Practitioners Health Education

Mr Anderson: To ask the Secretary of State for Luciana Berger: To ask the Secretary of State for Health (1) if he will support the campaign to direct Health pursuant to the written answer of 29 November more resources to frontline services via GPs; [177940] 2013, Official Report, column 467W,on health education, what continued development has been undertaken since (2) if he will make it his policy to increase resources the guidance was suspended. [178227] for general practice up to 11 per cent of total funding by 2017; and if he will make a statement. [177941] Norman Lamb: Following the decision in November 2010 to suspend the development of its public health Dr Poulter: Commissioning primary medical care is guidance on personal, social, health and economic the responsibility of NHS England and it will be for education focusing on sex and relationships and alcohol NHS England to determine the level of funding required education, we understand that the National Institute to deliver those services in order to meet the needs of for Health and Care Excellence has not undertaken any patients. further development work on this topic. NHS England are developing a strategic framework Health Visitors for commissioning of primary care services, strengthening general practice and enabling it to play an even more pivotal role at the heart of more integrated systems of Lucy Powell: To ask the Secretary of State for Health out-of-hospital care for patients and local communities. pursuant to the answers of 21 November 2013, Official Report, columns 1003-4W and 3 December 2013, Official The Government recognises the central role that primary Report, column 644W,on health visitors, what the expected care has to play in helping keep people healthy, supporting net growth is in the number of health visitors from proactive management of long-term health needs and August 2013 to the end of 2013-14. [178647] reducing the need for hospital admissions. In 2014, the Government will set out plans for improving care for Dr Poulter: NHS England report that plans for 2013-14 vulnerable older people, including the central role that indicate that the health visitor work force in England is general practitioners have to play in helping people to expected to grow by 1,724 full-time equivalents between stay healthy and live independently. 31 August 2013 and 31 March 2014. By April 2015 it is planned that there will be 4,200 extra health visitors in the work force over the May 2010 baseline. Health Hospitals: Mortality Rates Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Health what funds his Department has provided for promotion Mr Jamie Reed: To ask the Secretary of State for of (a) five-a-day fruit and vegetable consumption and Health if he will take steps to raise public awareness of (b) physical exercise in the last 12 months; and if he will the conclusion drawn by Sir Bruce Keogh in his review take steps to promote five-a-day habits for good mental into hospital mortality rates over the last decade in health. [177915] NHS hospitals, that overall mortality has fallen by about 30 per cent and that the improvement is even greater when the increasing complexity of patients Jane Ellison: In the last 12 months, the Department being treated is taken into account. [178421] of Health has invested in the following programmes led by other Government Departments in promoting/ Dr Poulter: As Sir Bruce Keogh’s mortality review supporting physical activity: highlighted, improvements in health care mean that £1.2 million on active travel (led by Department for Transport); patients with complex needs now have better chance of £120 million on School Sports Premium (led by Department survival. The review highlighted that for Education); “mortality in all NHS hospitals has been falling over the last £23.5 million on School Games (led by Department for Culture decade: overall mortality has fallen by about 30 per cent and Media and Sport); that the improvement is even greater when the increasing complexity of patients being treated is taken into account”. £150,000 to NHS Confederation to promote physical activity at workplace; and The report on the review was widely publicised and £150,000 to English Federation for Disability and Sport in the received national coverage, with a number of national, last three financial years (FY 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13). regional and local press articles highlighting the improvement in mortality rates specifically. Over the past 12 months the Department has spent £38.2 million on the Schools Fruit and Vegetable Scheme Mortality rates in local hospitals are important to the and the forecast spend for FY 2013-14 is £38.3 million. public. We want hospitals to engage with their local populations to raise awareness of local rates and challenge The overall budget for Public Health England’s (PHE) them to improve further. Change4Life marketing campaign for the financial year 2013-14 is £11,945,000. Five-a-day and the encouragement Hospitals: Older People of physical activity are integral parts of PHE’s Change4Life campaign. It is not possible to break out the contribution Mr Thomas: To ask the Secretary of State for Health to those two elements of the campaign. (1) how many emergency readmissions to hospital within We are not aware of any scientific evidence directly 28 days of discharge of adults aged over 65 years there linking the consumption of fruit and vegetables with were in (a) each region of England and (b) England in mental health. (i) 2010-11 and (ii) 2011-12; and what the indirect (A) 99W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 100W age-standardised, (B) sex-standardised, (C) method of of Children and Young People in Great Britain, 2004 admission of discharge spell-standardised, (D) diagnosis- found that there were no significant differences between standardised and (E) procedure-standardised proportion the countries in Great Britain in the distribution of was for such readmissions in each such region in each children with hyperkinetic disorder. The only regional such year; [178646] differences identified were that those with hyperkinetic (2) how many patients aged (a) 75 or over and (b) disorder were found to be more likely than other children 65 or over were readmitted to hospital as an emergency to live in non-metropolitan areas of England (53% case within 28 days of being discharged in (i) 2010-11, compared with 44%). (ii) 2011-12 and (iii) 2012-13 in each English hospital Meningitis trust area; and if he will make a statement. [178651]

Dr Poulter: This information is not available in the Pauline Latham: To ask the Secretary of State for format requested. Health what discussions he has had with the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation regarding Data on emergency readmissions to hospital within the licensing of Bexsero and the potential for nationwide 28 days of discharge of adults is published as the vaccination programme against meningitis B. [178649] percentage of emergency admissions to any hospital in England occurring within 28 days of discharge from Jane Ellison: The Secretary of State for Health, my hospital after admission. Latest published data is for right hon. Friend the Member for South West Surrey 2011-12. (Mr Hunt), wrote to the Joint Committee on Vaccination These data are published for age groups 0-15 years, and Immunisation (JCVI) on 10 June 2013 requesting a 16-74 years and 75 and over and are indirectly standardised recommendation on whether there should be a national for age, sex, method of admission of discharge spell, routine meningococcal B immunisation programme, based diagnosis within medical specialties and procedure within on an assessment of cost effectiveness, under the provisions surgical specialties (standardised to 2007-08). set out in the Health Protection (Vaccination) Regulations Geographical breakdowns are available by Government 2009. A copy of this letter, which is available on GOV.UK, office region, strategic health authority (boundaries as has been placed in the Library. at July 2006); county; local authority (boundaries as at JCVI published an interim position statement on the April 2009); primary care organisation (boundaries as use of MenB vaccine on 24 July for consultation with at April 2011); NHS provider trusts (as during financial key stakeholders. Following consultation, JCVI announced year); and provider clusters. on 25 October that it had requested further analyses to This information is publicly available at the Health be undertaken in the light of new or recently published and Social Care Information Centre Indicator Portal at evidence submitted. the following link, (under the category ‘Compendium JCVI will finalise its advice once the analyses have of population health indicators’/Hospital Care/Outcomes/ been completed in early 2014. Readmissions): https://indicators.ic.nhs.uk/webview/ Mental Health Services: Essex Hyperactivity: Young People Mr Simon Burns: To ask the Secretary of State for Health what per capita spend on mental health services Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Health was in (a) Chelmsford constituency and (b) Essex in pursuant to the answer of 3 December 2013, Official each of the last five years. [178351] Report, column 645W, on hyperactivity: young people, if he will state the incidence of (a) severe and (b) Norman Lamb: Information is not available in the moderate attention deficit hyperactivity disorder by format requested. The Department of Health does not region. [178605] collect information on per capita breakdown of spending on mental health services in constituencies or counties. Norman Lamb: The data are not available in the form The following table however provides information on requested. reported investment in mental health services covering Hyperkinetic Disorder is the term used by the World the areas requested. Prior to 2013-14, primary care Health Organisation’s International Classification of trusts were responsible for commissioning services to Diseases (ICD-10) to refer to the more severe form of meet the health care needs of their local populations, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The Mental Health taking account of national and local priorities.

Reported investment for working age adults

£000

Total reported investment

Primary Care Trust 2011-12 2010-11 2009-10 2008-09 2007-08

Mid Essex 27,136.79 26,520.13 22,977.42 15,848.15 1—

North East Essex 28,589.33 27,948.90 25,319.89 1— 1—

South East Essex 35,712.60 33,864.56 35,205.19 27,696.23 26,645.10

South West Essex 38,816.10 40,419.33 38,715.77 48,927.51 42,463.55 101W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 102W

Reported investment for working age adults £000 Total reported investment Primary Care Trust 2011-12 2010-11 2009-10 2008-09 2007-08

West Essex 22,888.45 22,374.14 16,685.67 42,188.80 57,988.56 1 Data unavailable. Notes: 1. These survey figures were based on details submitted by each organisation on their reported investment in services and consequently may not match actual outturn figures reported in their annual accounts 2. The surveys were non-mandatory and include some estimated data. Sources: National Survey of Investment in Adult Mental Health Services, Mental Health Strategies 2011-12. Report of National Survey of Investment in Adult Mental Health Services, Mental Health Strategies 2011-12. Report of National Survey of Investment in Adult Mental Health Services, Mental Health Strategies 2010-11. Report of National Survey of Investment in Adult Mental Health Services, Mental Health Strategies 2009-10. Report of National Survey of Investment in Adult Mental Health Services, Mental Health Strategies 2008-09. Report of National Survey of Investment in Adult Mental Health Services, Mental Health Strategies 2007-08.

Mental Health Services: Young People Norman Lamb: Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIC) is unable to provide information about the criteria for recording patients aged under 18 who Paul Burstow: To ask the Secretary of State for occupy beds in adult wards that are set aside for children Health pursuant to the answer of 25 November 2013, and adolescents. Official Report, column 152W,on mental health services: The following table provides the number of under young people, what practical and physical conditions 16-year-olds and 16 to 17-year-olds who have been must be met before a patient under 18-years-old is admitted to in-patient care in national health service recorded as in part of an adult ward set aside for child funded adult and elderly secondary mental health services and adolescent mental health services’ patients; and for each of the last five years. The data supplied cover how many (a) under 16-year-olds and (b) 16 to 17-year- both NHS providers and independent providers and olds were admitted to part of an adult ward set aside for differ from the answer of 25 November 2013, Official child and adolescent mental health services’ patients in Report, column 152W, where figures were supplied for each of the last five years. [177921] NHS providers only.

Number of people1 aged under 182 admitted to in-patient care using NHS funded adult and elderly secondary mental health services, 2008-09 to 2012-13, England Number Admissions Under 16 16-17

2008-092 145 948 2009-10 111 863 2010-11 97 881 2011-123 47 310 2012-133 23 196 1 These counts exclude people for whom gender data was missing or invalid. 2 This only includes children under 18 who have been recorded as having bed days on adult mental health wards in the mental health minimum data set (MHMDS). HSCIC does not hold data about the criteria for recording patients under 18 who occupy wards that are set aside for children and adolescents. 3 Data supplied covers both NHS providers’ and independent providers. It should be noted that figures supplied in response to the answer of 25 November 2013, Official Report, column 152W, supplied figures for NHS providers only. Sources: Table 1.2, National Reference Tables, Mental Health Bulletin—Annual report from MHMDS returns—England, 2008-09, 2009-10, 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13. Health and Social Care Information Centre, Community and Mental Health Team.

Mental Health: ICT NHS: Innovation Paul Burstow: To ask the Secretary of State for Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Health Health with reference to the statement by Mr James what recent assessment he has made of the effects of Palmer of 15 October 2013 on the Specialised Services long-term use of mobile telephones, hand-held computers Commissioning Innovation Fund, what the level of and other digital hardware on mental health. [178016] unplanned expenditure on specialised commissioning has been in 2013 to date; what the forecast level of such Norman Lamb: The Department has commissioned expenditure is at the end of the current financial year; to undertake a five-year study by how much the specialised commissioning budget is called COSMOS to monitor the effects on the health of expected to be overspent in (a) 2013-14 to date, (b) a cohort of 105,000 adults of all digital devices including 2013-14 and (c) 2014-15; what steps NHS England is mobile phones, hand-held computers, and other digital taking to reduce the level of unplanned expenditure; hardware which operate on radio-frequency electro- and if he will make a statement. [178013] magnetic fields. The study includes an assessment of self-reported effects on sleep quality and disorders, Jane Ellison: NHS England advises that, as at month quality of life and depression, and general mental well-being. six (October 2013), the Specialised Services position Data will be collected for in-patient hospital admissions measured against its planned surplus is as detailed in for mental illnesses. This study will end in February the following tables. “Unplanned” expenditure is not 2014. measured separately from the overall position. 103W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 104W

The test asks patients how likely they would be to £ million recommend the care they just received to a friend or Planned Actual Variance family member if they needed similar care or treatment. Year to Date (April 59.9 (136.8) (196.7) The test enables patients to provide virtual real-time to October 2013) feedback on services with results published down to Surplus/(Deficit) ward level and it is being rolled out across the wider NHS. Already there is evidence that providers are using £ million this feedback to celebrate what is good but tackle areas Planned Forecast Variance where improvements are needed. Forecast Outturn 119.8 (216.7) (336.5) Table 1: Hospital users’ satisfaction with last visit (April 2013 to March 2014) Wave Satisfied Dissatisfied Base Surplus/(Deficit) 2002 Spring 70 18 630 NHS England advises that work is continuing during 2004 Spring 79 14 511 2013-14 to minimise the level of the adverse position. Winter 81 13 527 The 2014-15 allocation for Specialised Services is due 2005 Spring 78 12 569 to be discussed at the NHS England Board meeting on 2005 Winter 81 8 589 17 December 2013 as part of an overarching allocations 2006 Spring 77 12 544 paper. Following the Board meeting, NHS England will 2006 Winter 81 13 557 announce two year allocations. 2007 Spring 79 15 551 Work is already under way by NHS England to Summer 82 13 553 develop Quality Innovation Productivity and Prevention Winter 80 12 550 schemes for implementation from 1 April 2014 onwards 2008 Spring 82 12 553 in order to assist in mitigating the impact of any pressures. Summer 82 12 544 As part of the process of forward planning, NHS Winter 84 12 540 England issued its 2014-15 commissioning intentions in October 2013 to provide the context for constructive 2009 Spring 82 11 553 engagement with providers, with a view to achieving the Summer 84 12 565 shared goal of improved patient outcomes and service Winter 83 13 557 transformation within the fixed resources available. 2010 Spring 89 8 555 NHS: Standards Winter 83 13 572 2011 Winter 81 12 543 Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Health 2012 Spring 82 13 559 what recent assessment he has made of long-term Winter 84 11 583 trends in patient satisfaction levels in the NHS. Source: Ipsos-MORI Tracker Survey ‘Public Perceptions of the NHS and Social Care’ [178019] 2012 Table 2a: Overall how well would you rate the care you received? Dr Poulter: Putting patients at the heart of the national 2002 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 health service and ensuring they ’have a positive experience of care’ is a key priority for this Government and the Percentage NHS. This is reflected through the Mandate and Domain Excellent 38 40 41 42 43 44 43 43 4 of the NHS Outcomes Framework. Very 36 37 36 35 35 35 35 35 good Patient experience of services is assessed regularly in Good 17 15 15 14 14 13 14 14 a number of ways; results allow service providers to Fair76665566 improve services, commissioners and the public to hold Poor22222223 services to account and patients to make informed choices. Number 92,902 78,319 78,539 74,732 71,044 67,146 64,270 68,601 Some of these methods generate data on satisfaction of with NHS services. Overall, these show that patient respondents satisfaction with NHS services is relatively high. Data Source: from the Ipsos Mori Public Perceptions of the NHS CQC Inpatient Surveys and Social Care Tracker (see table 1) and in the Care Quality Commission (CQC) Adult Inpatient Survey In 2012 the question and answer was changed to: (see table 2a and 2b) show that there has been a slow Table 2b: Overall shift respectively towards more satisfaction and more Percentage positive rating of care over time. 10 (I had a very good experience) 25 However the data also show that some patients are 920 still dissatisfied with services or rate their overall experience 824 or aspects of it as poor. It is important that we understand 712 why that is so the NHS can take action to respond and 6 6 improve. 5 5 To help improve the transparency and responsiveness 4 2 of services, in April 2013 we introduced the Friends and 3 2 Family Test into acute in-patients and accident and 2 1 emergency. 1 1 105W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 106W

Table 2b: Overall minimum figure which represents correspondence received Percentage by the Department’s ministerial correspondence unit 0 (I had a very poor experience) 1 only. Note: The Government currently has no plans to change 61,399 respondents the definition of stillbirth, which is based on the legal Source: 2012 CQC Inpatient Survey age at which the unborn baby is considered viable. We are guided on this issue by the clinical evidence. This Mr Jamie Reed: To ask the Secretary of State for shows that, while there have been medical advances in Health pursuant to his contribution of 16 July 2013, caring for premature babies, only a small number of Official Report, column 927, if he will define the special babies born under 24 weeks gestation survive. measures into which these trusts will be placed; and what criteria these trusts need to satisfy to be taken out of special measures. [178226] Radiotherapy

Dr Poulter: Special measures include the following Tessa Munt: To ask the Secretary of State for Health components: pursuant to the answer of 11 November 2013, Official a contractual partnership with a high-performing partner to Report, column 504W,on Radiotherapy and the 2014/2015 provide both guidance and direct input into improvement National Tariff Payment System: A Consultation Notice areas; published by NHS England and Monitor on 3 October an improvement director will be appointed by the NHS Trust 2013, how NHS England plans to require providers of Development Authority/Monitor to oversee and drive improvements on the ground; stereotactic ablative radiotherapy to make productivity improvements. [179752] an improvement plan is created to address the failings identified, and progress against the plan published monthly; and a leadership capability review is performed to ensure the correct Dr Poulter: NHS England contracts for stereotactic leadership is in place to drive improvement. ablative radiotherapy services through its Area Teams All trusts in special measures will be re-inspected by using a nationally defined clinical commissioning policy. the Chief Inspector of Hospitals within 12 months of The focus on productivity of individual services is the entering. Where the Chief Inspector concludes that the responsibility of the local Area Team, which forms a necessary improvements to patient safety, quality of part of their discussion with providers in agreeing and care, leadership and governance have been made he will monitoring contracts for this service. recommend that either the NHS Trust Development Authority or Monitor exit the trust from special measures. Tessa Munt: To ask the Secretary of State for Health pursuant to the Answer of 25 November 2013, Official Obesity Report, column 160W,on radiotherapy, for what reason NHS England and Monitor will not be introducing a non-mandatory tariff for stereotactic ablative radiotherapy Andy Sawford: To ask the Secretary of State for for the financial year 2014-15. [179753] Health if he will meet representatives of Cambridge Manufacturing to discuss initiatives to tackle obesity and the Cambridge Diet. [179671] Dr Poulter: NHS England and Monitor will not be introducing a non-mandatory price for stereotactic ablative Jane Ellison: Obesity is a priority area for the radiotherapy for the financial year 2014-15 for two Government-the Department and Public Health England main reasons. Firstly, to ensure 2014-15 is a year of (PHE) share the ambition to achieve a downward trend relative stability in the national tariff, only a very small in child and adult obesity. PHE has responsibility for number of changes are being made. the delivery of weight management services and PHE The second reason is the absence of robust cost data officials have recently met with representatives from which could be used as the basis for setting a non- Cambridge Weight Plan with regards the Cambridge mandatory price for this activity. Approval has been Diet. This forms part of wider engagement, which secured from the Health and Social Care Information includes commissioners of services and other weight Centre for a new activity code to be used for stereotactic management providers, commercial and non-commercial. ablative radiotherapy, which will enable a Healthcare Resource Group to be created for this activity against Perinatal Mortality which cost data can be collected as part of the 2013-14 reference cost collection in summer 2014. Tim Loughton: To ask the Secretary of State for It is possible therefore that the cost data collected Health what representations he has received about changing could help to inform the setting of a non-mandatory the law about designation of babies born before 24 weeks price for use in future years, but until these data have gestation as stillborn; and if he will make a statement. been collected and assessed it is not possible to estimate [178617] when non-mandatory prices could be made available by Monitor and NHS England. Dr Poulter: A search of the Department’s ministerial Commissioners and providers are able to agree local correspondence database has identified 12 items of prices for stereotactic ablative radiotherapy—the absence correspondence received since 1 December 2012 about of a national price should not be an excuse for not changing the law regarding the designation of babies providing this treatment where commissioners determine born before 24 weeks gestation as stillborn. This is a it to be in the best interest of patients. 107W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 108W

School Milk Jane Ellison: NHS England is responsible for commissioning immunisation programmes under the Mr Jim Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State terms of the NHS Public Health Functions agreement for Health with reference to the impact assessment 2014-15 (Section 7A Agreement). Public Health England accompanying his Department’s consultation entitled, is responsible for monitoring and supporting their Next Steps for Nursery Milk, (1) by what process officials implementation including for newly-arrived migrants to in his Department estimated the costs associated with communities within England. (a) a contract for direct supply of milk to settings and Newly-arrived migrants who register with a general (b) an e-voucher system; [178491] practitioner (GP) are offered vaccines in line with national (2) what the cost would be of policy option 4, guidance on immunisation against infectious diseases. national contract model for direct supply of milk; and Clinical commissioning groups are responsible for assessing what proportion of that cost would relate to setting up the local need for provision of outreach immunisation and managing the associated procurement process. services for newly-arrived migrants who are not registered [178492] with a GP.

Dr Poulter: The Department of Health has set out possible options for the operation of the Nursery Milk CABINET OFFICE scheme, in its consultation Next Steps for Nursery Milk published in 2012. The Impact Assessment which Employment: Hampshire accompanied the consultation included the costs of a new national procurement process for the Nursery Milk Mr Mike Hancock: To ask the Minister for the Scheme and the costs of the adoption of the Direct Cabinet Office how many people are employed in (a) Supply option and an e-voucher scheme. The methodology commerce and (b) manufacturing in (i) Portsmouth for calculating the costs of these options is included in South constituency and (ii) Hampshire. [178594] the Impact Assessment. A copy of the consultation document has already been placed in the Library. Mr Hurd: The information requested falls within the responsibility of the UK Statistics Authority. I have A decision on the future operation of the Nursery asked the authority to reply. Milk Scheme will be taken after full consideration is given to the Final Impact Assessment, the consultation Letter from Glen Watson, dated December 2013: responses and other relevant information. As Director General for the Office for National Statistics, I have been asked to reply to your recent Parliamentary Question asking how many people are employed in (a) commerce and (b) Mr Jim Cunningham: To ask the Secretary of State manufacturing in (i) Portsmouth South constituency and (ii) for Health what steps his Department took to mark the Hampshire. [178594] Food and Agricultural Organization’s World School Annual employment statistics are available from the Business Milk Day. [178493] Register and Employment Survey (BRES). Table 1 below contains estimates of the number employed in businesses considered to be Dr Poulter: The Department is not actively involved part of industries involved in commerce for Portsmouth South in the World School Milk Day. constituency and Hampshire in 2012, the most recent year that figures are available. Although there is no standard definition of commerce used by the Office for National Statistics, in this table Secondment commerce is taken to be the service sector with public administration, education, health and arts, entertainment and recreation removed. Chris Ruane: To ask the Secretary of State for Health This is intended to reflect businesses that are involved in the activity of buying and selling. Table 2 contains estimates of the pursuant to the answers of 19 November 2013, Official number employed in the manufacturing sector for these areas. Report, column 862W, and 21 November 2013, Official National and local area estimates for many labour market Report, column 1010W,on secondment, what the estimated statistics, including employment, unemployment and claimant cost is of providing the information requested in those count are available on the NOMIS website at: questions. [178005] http://www.nomisweb.co.uk Table 1: Employment in 2012 for commerce Dr Poulter: With reference to the answer provided on Portsmouth South 19 November 2013, Official Report, column 862W, this Commerce industries constituency Hampshire is a matter for the Home Office. Motor trades 300 11,100 With reference to the answer provided on 21 November Wholesale 600 28,000 2013, Official Report, column 1010W, I refer the hon. Retail 6,800 59,800 Member to the answer given by the Minister of State, Transport and storage 2,100 21,600 Department of Health, the hon. Member for North (including postal) Norfolk (Norman Lamb) on 2 December 2013, Official Accommodation and 4,500 36,900 Report, column 553W. food services Information and 1,000 32,000 communication Vaccination: Immigrants Financial and 500 18,000 insurance Mr Blunkett: To ask the Secretary of State for Health Property 500 8,700 which group is responsible for the monitoring, Professional, scientific 1,100 47,400 implementation and funding of measures to vaccinate and technical Business 3,600 49,600 newly-arrived migrants to communities within England; administration and and if he will make a statement. [179754] support services 109W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 110W

Table 1: Employment in 2012 for commerce Food Banks Portsmouth South Commerce industries constituency Hampshire Fiona O’Donnell: To ask the Minister for the Cabinet Total commerce 20,800 313,000 Office what money has been given by his Department Note: to help with the cost of establishing food banks. [R] Figures have been rounded to the nearest 100 and so the sum of the employment in individual industries may not add up to the total. [178057] Table 2: Employment in 2012 for the manufacturing sector Portsmouth South Hampshire Mr Hurd: None. constituency Older People: Cannock Chase Number 3,800 49,500 Mr Burley: To ask the Minister for the Cabinet Office what estimate he has made of the change over the next Employment: Portsmouth 20 years to the proportion of the population of Cannock Chase constituency who are over 85. [178345]

Mr Mike Hancock: To ask the Minister for the Cabinet Mr Hurd: The information requested falls within the Office how many people are employed in (a) the service responsibility of the UK Statistics Authority. I have sector and (b) the financial sector in Portsmouth South asked the authority to reply. constituency. [178593] Letter from Glen Watson, dated December 2013: As Director General for the Office for National Statistics I Mr Hurd: The information requested falls within the have been asked to reply to your Parliamentary Question asking responsibility of the UK Statistics Authority. I have the Minister for the Cabinet Office what estimate he has made of asked the authority to reply. the change over the next 20 years to the proportion of the population of Cannock Chase constituency who are over 85 [178345]. Letter from Glen Watson, dated December 2013: Estimates of future population are available as population As Director General for the Office for National Statistics, I projections. The most recent subnational population projections have been asked to reply to your recent Parliamentary Question are based on mid-year population estimates for 2011 but only asking the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions how many project the population growth for 10 years to mid-2021, therefore people are employed in (a) the service sector and (b) the financial the 2010-based subnational projections have been used to respond sector in Portsmouth South constituency. [178593] to your Parliamentary Question. These projections do not take account of results of the 2011 Census. As population projections Annual employment statistics are available from the Business are not produced by ONS for parliamentary constituencies, figures Register and Employment Survey (BRES). Table 1 as follows for the local authority of Cannock Chase have been provided. contains estimates of the number employed in businesses considered The proportion of the population aged over 85 in the local to be part of industries that make up the service sector for authority of Cannock Chase is projected to be 4.1 percent in Portsmouth South constituency in 2012, the most recent year that mid-2033, compared to a projected 1.7 percent in mid-2013. figures are available. The table also shows the number employed in the financial & insurance sector, which forms part of the Subnational population projections are not forecasts and do service sector. not attempt to predict the impact of future government policies, changing economic circumstances or the capacity of an area to National and local area estimates for many labour market accommodate a change in population. They provide an indication statistics, including employment, unemployment and claimant of the future size and age structure of the population if recent count are available on the NOMIS website at demographic trends continued. http://www.nomisweb.co.uk ONS are planning to release the 2012-based subnational population projections to take account of rebased fertility, migration and Table 1-Employment in 2012 for Portsmouth South constituency mortality assumptions to include results from the 2011 Census, in Industries that make up the service Spring 2014. sector Employment in 2012 Pay: Middlesbrough Motor trades 300 Wholesale 600 Tom Blenkinsop: To ask the Minister for the Cabinet Retail 6,800 Office what change there has been in median gross pay Transport and storage (inc postal) 2,100 for women in Middlesbrough South and East Accommodation and food services 4,500 Cleveland constituency since 2010. [178349] Information and communication 1,000 Financial and insurance 500 Mr Hurd: The information requested falls within the Property 500 responsibility of the UK Statistics Authority. I have Professional, scientific and technical 1,100 asked the authority to reply. Business administration and support 3,600 services Letter from Glen Watson: Public administration and defence 5,100 As Director General for the Office for National Statistics, I have Education 6,400 been asked to reply to your recent Parliamentary Question asking Health 5,600 the Minister for the Cabinet Office, what change there has been in Arts, entertainment, recreation and 3,100 median gross pay for women in Middlesbrough South and East other services Cleveland constituency since 2010. (178349). Total service sector 41,000 The Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE), carried Note: out in April each year, is the most comprehensive source of Figures have been rounded to the nearest hundred and so the sum of the earnings information in the United Kingdom. Weekly levels of employment in individual industries may not add up to the total employed in earnings are estimated from ASHE, and are provided for employees the service sector. on adult rates of pay, whose earnings for the survey pay period 111W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 112W were not affected by absence. Figures relate to employee jobs, The table shows the number and net change of people employed which are defined as those held by employees and not the self- in the private sector in the requested areas. These estimates are employed. compiled from APS interviews held during the period July 2012 to June 2013, the latest period available, and the 12 month period I attach a table showing estimates of median gross weekly ending in June 2012. earnings for female employees in Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland constituency from 2010 to 2012, the latest period for As with any sample survey, estimates from the APS are subject which results are available. These figures show that there was a to a margin of uncertainty. A guide to the quality of the estimates 10.6 per cent decrease in median gross weekly earnings for women is given in the table. between April 2010 and April 2012. National and local area estimates for many labour market Median gross weekly earnings for women1 in Middlesbrough South statistics, including employment, unemployment and claimant and East Cleveland constituency, 2010 to 2012 count are available on the NOMIS website at: £ http://www.nomisweb.co.uk 2010 **326.1 Number of people employed in the private sector1 and net change 20112 **313.2 between 12 month periods ending June 2012 and June 2013 20113 **305.5 Thousand 2012 **291.5 12 months ending: Percentage change 2010 to -10.6 Net change3 2012 (%) between 1 Employees on adult rates whose pay for the survey pay-period was 12 month not affected by absence. ASHE is based on a 1% sample of jobs taken periods ending from HM Revenue and Customs’ Pay As You Earn (PAYE) records. June 2012 and 2 Consequently, individuals with more than one job may appear in the June 2012 June 2013 June 2013 sample more than once. ASHE does not cover the self-employed. Cannock 33 ***37 4 2 2011 results based on Standard Occupational Classification 2000. Chase 3 2011 results based on Standard Occupational Classification 2010. Guide to Quality: Staffordshire 301 **312 11 The Coefficient of Variation (CV) indicates the quality of an estimate, 1 Individuals in the APS are classified to the public or private sector the smaller the CV value the higher the quality. The true value is likely according to their responses to the survey. to lie within +/- twice the CV—for example, for an estimate of 200 2 Coefficients of Variation have been calculated for the latest period with a CV of 5% we would expect the population total to be within as an indication of the quality of the estimates. See Guide to Quality the range 180-220 following. Key: 3 Net change is calculated on unrounded numbers. ** CV >10% and <=20% Guide to Quality: CV = Coefficient of Variation The Coefficient of Variation (CV) indicates the quality of an estimate, X = unreliable. the smaller the CV value the higher the quality. The true value is likely Source: to lie within +/- twice the CV—for example, for an estimate of 200 Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE), Office for National with a CV of 5% we would expect the population total to be within Statistics. the range 180-220 Key: *0≤ CV<5%—Statistical Robustness: Estimates are considered precise Private Sector: Staffordshire ** 5 ≤ CV <10%—Statistical Robustness: Estimates are considered reasonably precise *** 10 ≤ CV <20%—Statistical Robustness: Estimates are considered Mr Burley: To ask the Minister for the Cabinet Office acceptable **** CV ≥ 20%—Statistical Robustness: Estimates are considered too what the net change in the number of private sector unreliable for practical purposes jobs in (a) Cannock Chase constituency and (b) CV = Coefficient of Variation Staffordshire was in the latest period for which figures Source: are available. [178346] Annual Population Survey

Mr Hurd: The information requested falls within the Telephone Services responsibility of the UK Statistics Authority. I have asked the authority to reply. Letter from Glen Watson, dated December 2013: Valerie Vaz: To ask the Minister for the Cabinet Office (1) how many telephone lines with the prefix (a) As Director General for the Office for National Statistics 0845, (b) 0844 and (c) 0843 his Department (i) operates (ONS), I have been asked to reply to your Parliamentary Question and (ii) sponsors; how many calls each number has asking the Minister of the Cabinet Office what the net change in the number of private sector jobs in (a) Cannock Chase constituency, received in the last 12 months; and whether alternative and (b) Staffordshire was in the latest period for which figures are numbers charged at the BT local rate are available in available. (178346). each case; [174990] Information regarding the number of private sector jobs for (2) when he intends to answer question 174990 parliamentary constituencies is not available. As an alternative, tabled on 6 November 2013. [178416] estimates relating to the number of people employed in the private sector have-been provided. Employment statistics for local areas are calculated from the Annual Population Survey (APS). Mr Hurd [holding answer 18 November 2013]: The Individuals in the APS are classified to the public or private Cabinet Office has identified no telephone lines with the sector according to their responses to the survey. The private prefix 0844 or 0843, and two with the prefix 0845. One sector estimates provided do not correspond to those derived as of these was inherited from the previous Government. part of the calculation of the official Public Sector Employment estimates. These are based on a National Accounts’ definition, Neither line is targeted at users of public services and are generally higher and are not available for areas smaller then one of them has an alternative local landline number regions. and call-back service. 113W Written Answers9 DECEMBER 2013 Written Answers 114W

One of the 0845 numbers will be replaced in the Mr Hurd: Over 30 young people from the Cannock new year with a web portal and call-back service. We Chase area, and over 330 from Staffordshire, participated will also review the use of the other 0845 line in the new in in 2013. In 2013 the programme year. has expanded significantly, with 40,000 young people My Department does not hold information on the having taken part in spring, summer and. autumn exact number of calls to these numbers. programmes. NCS will continue to grow in 2014, with even more places available for young people to participate in Voluntary Work: Young People programmes running across England and Northern Ireland. Mr Burley: To ask the Minister for the Cabinet Office I am grateful to my hon. Friend for his support of the how many young people in (a) Cannock Chase programme over the past two years, and am keen that as constituency and (b) Staffordshire participated in the many Members as possible should engage with NCS in National Citizen Service in the last 12 months. [178344] their constituencies.

WRITTEN STATEMENTS

Monday 9 December 2013

Col. No. Col. No. DEFENCE...... 1WS FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH OFFICE— Central African Republic ...... 1WS continued Westminster Foundation for Democracy...... 3WS ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE ...... 2WS Clean Energy Infrastructure...... 2WS HOME DEPARTMENT...... 4WS Changes in Immigration Rules...... 4WS FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH OFFICE..... 2WS Judges and Advocate-General (Appointments) ...... 2WS WORK AND PENSIONS ...... 4WS Ministerial Oral Question (Correction)...... 3WS Benefits Uprating...... 4WS PETITIONS

Monday 9 December 2013

Col. No. Col. No. FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH OFFICE..... 1P PRESENTED PETITIONS Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, UK Hunger and the Use of Food Banks...... 1P Sri Lanka...... 1P WRITTEN ANSWERS

Monday 9 December 2013

Col. No. Col. No. ATTORNEY-GENERAL ...... 7W COMMUNITIES AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT— Animals Act 1971...... 7W continued Crown Prosecution Service...... 8W Families: Disadvantaged ...... 37W Electronic Surveillance...... 8W Housing: Construction...... 37W Female Genital Mutilation...... 9W Local Government Finance ...... 38W GCHQ ...... 9W Local Government: Press Releases...... 38W Highways Act 1980 ...... 9W Mobile Homes ...... 39W Poverty...... 10W Mortgages: Government Assistance...... 39W Private Rented Housing: Coventry...... 40W BUSINESS, INNOVATION AND SKILLS ...... 1W Social Rented Housing: Hampshire ...... 40W Company Liquidations ...... 1W Travellers: Caravan Sites ...... 40W Convention on International Interests in Mobile Equipment ...... 1W CULTURE, MEDIA AND SPORT ...... 25W Hewlett-Packard ...... 1W Advertising Standards Authority ...... 25W Higher Education: Inspections...... 2W Broadband ...... 25W Higher Education: Private Sector...... 2W Broadband: Scotland ...... 25W Mining ...... 2W Charitable Donations...... 26W New Businesses: Hampshire...... 2W Digital Broadcasting: Radio...... 27W New Businesses: Sussex...... 3W Directors...... 28W Ordnance Survey...... 3W Football ...... 29W Post Offices ...... 3W Internet: Competition ...... 29W Russia ...... 4W Mobile Phones: Fees and Charges...... 29W Students: Loans ...... 5W Pay...... 30W Visits Abroad ...... 6W Recruitment ...... 30W Sports: Females...... 30W CABINET OFFICE...... 108W Television: Advertising...... 31W Employment: Hampshire ...... 108W Employment: Portsmouth ...... 109W DEFENCE...... 65W Food Banks...... 110W Afghanistan ...... 65W Older People: Cannock Chase...... 110W Armed Forces: Training ...... 65W Pay: Middlesbrough ...... 110W Charitable Donations...... 66W Private Sector: Staffordshire...... 111W Recruitment ...... 66W Telephone Services...... 112W Reserve Forces: Recruitment...... 67W Voluntary Work: Young People...... 113W Sovereignty: Scotland...... 67W Travel ...... 67W COMMUNITIES AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT . 36W Unmanned Aerial Vehicles...... 70W Carbon Monoxide: Alarms...... 36W Veterans: Employment ...... 71W Charitable Donations...... 37W Warships ...... 72W Council Tax Reduction Schemes ...... 37W Warships: Decommissioning ...... 72W Col. No. Col. No. DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER ...... 86W HEALTH—continued Telephone Services...... 86W Epilepsy ...... 95W Gender Recognition...... 96W EDUCATION...... 75W General Practitioners ...... 97W Children: Cancer...... 75W Health...... 97W Children: Day Care ...... 75W Health Education...... 98W Free Schools...... 76W Health Visitors...... 98W Integrated Chronology Tool...... 76W Hospitals: Mortality Rates...... 98W Pay...... 76W Hospitals: Older People ...... 98W Pupils: Health ...... 77W Hyperactivity: Young People...... 99W Recruitment ...... 78W Meningitis...... 100W Schools: Boxing ...... 78W Mental Health: ICT ...... 101W Schools: Sports ...... 78W Mental Health Services: Essex ...... 100W Schools: Vocational Guidance...... 78W Mental Health Services: Young People...... 101W NHS: Innovation ...... 102W ELECTORAL COMMISSION COMMITTEE ...... 72W NHS: Standards...... 103W Politics and Government...... 72W Obesity...... 105W Perinatal Mortality ...... 105W ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE ...... 10W Radiotherapy ...... 106W Boilers: West Sussex...... 10W School Milk ...... 107W Carbon Monoxide: Poisoning ...... 10W Secondment ...... 107W Directors...... 11W Vaccination: Immigrants...... 107W Electric Cables ...... 11W Electricity Interconnectors...... 11W HOME DEPARTMENT ...... 16W Energy: Prices ...... 12W Administration of Justice: EU Action...... 16W Energy: VAT ...... 13W Association of Chief Police Officers ...... 16W Fracking...... 13W Domestic Violence ...... 17W Geothermal Power ...... 14W Human Trafficking ...... 18W Internet ...... 14W Independent Police Complaints Commission...... 19W Offshore Industry: Safety...... 14W Internet: Privacy ...... 19W Power Failures...... 15W Kings Science Academy ...... 19W Renewable Heat Incentive Scheme ...... 15W Offences Against Children: Internet...... 20W Pay...... 20W ENVIRONMENT, FOOD AND RURAL Police Custody: Mental Illness ...... 21W AFFAIRS...... 31W Police: Disciplinary Proceedings ...... 22W Bovine Tuberculosis ...... 31W Police: Information ...... 23W Food: Low Incomes ...... 33W Recruitment ...... 23W Pay...... 34W Sexual Offences...... 23W Potatoes ...... 35W Sexual Offences: Greater London ...... 24W Rabies ...... 35W Tickets: Touting ...... 24W Recruitment ...... 36W Water Charges...... 36W INDEPENDENT PARLIAMENTARY Water: Meters ...... 36W STANDARDS AUTHORITY COMMITTEE ...... 31W Freedom of Information ...... 31W FOREIGN AND COMMONWEALTH OFFICE..... 53W Afghanistan ...... 53W INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT...... 73W Charitable Donations...... 53W Charitable Donations...... 73W Egypt ...... 54W Developing Countries: Neonatal Mortality...... 73W Human Trafficking: EU Action ...... 54W Developing Countries: Sanitation ...... 73W Israel...... 54W Kenya...... 74W Syria...... 54W Nigeria...... 74W Ukraine...... 55W Pakistan ...... 74W Sub-Saharan Africa ...... 74W HEALTH...... 87W Syria...... 75W Abortion ...... 87W Alcoholic Drinks: Young People ...... 87W JUSTICE...... 56W Alzheimer’s Disease ...... 88W Children: Maintenance ...... 56W Asthma ...... 89W Coroners ...... 56W Babies ...... 89W Courts: Domestic Violence...... 56W Bacterial Diseases ...... 90W Curfews...... 57W Blood: Donors ...... 90W Electronic Tagging ...... 57W Buildings...... 91W EU Law...... 58W Caffeine...... 91W Legal Aid Scheme ...... 58W Care Homes: CCTV...... 92W Offenders: Rehabilitation ...... 59W Care Homes: Fees and Charges...... 93W Police Custody: Wrexham ...... 59W Care Homes: General Practitioners...... 93W Prison Service ...... 59W Care Homes: Managers...... 93W Prisons: Discipline ...... 60W Charitable Donations...... 94W Prisons: Doncaster...... 60W Clinical Commissioning Groups ...... 94W Prisons: Health Services...... 60W Dementia: Cornwall...... 94W Prisons: Private Sector ...... 61W Electronic Cigarettes ...... 95W Procurement...... 61W Col. No. Col. No. JUSTICE—continued TREASURY—continued Secondment ...... 61W Gift Aid ...... 63W Income Tax ...... 63W PRIME MINISTER ...... 7W Mortgages...... 63W China ...... 7W Taxation: Alcoholic Drinks...... 64W Poverty...... 7W Taxation: Gun Sports...... 64W Shaker Aamer ...... 7W Taxation: Self-assessment...... 64W Welfare Tax Credits: EU Nationals...... 65W TRANSPORT ...... 79W A14 ...... 79W WOMEN AND EQUALITIES...... 25W Aviation ...... 79W Governing Bodies: Females...... 25W Birmingham Airport...... 79W Channel Tunnel Railway Line ...... 80W WORK AND PENSIONS ...... 41W Charitable Donations...... 80W Documents...... 41W Delivery Services...... 80W Employment and Support Allowance ...... 41W Driving Tests...... 81W Employment: Young People...... 41W Exhaust Emissions: Motor Vehicles ...... 81W Hewlett-Packard ...... 42W Gatwick Express Railway Line...... 82W High Speed Two...... 42W High Speed 2 Railway Line ...... 82W Housing Benefit ...... 43W Large Goods Vehicles ...... 83W Housing Benefit: Social Rented Housing ...... 43W M20 ...... 83W Jobcentre Plus ...... 43W Merchant Shipping (Hours of Work) Regulations Jobseeker’s Allowance: Chelmsford...... 44W 2002 ...... 83W Jobseeker’s Allowance: Young People ...... 45W Railways: Freight ...... 84W Personal Independence Payment...... 45W Roads: Repairs and Maintenance...... 84W Sick Leave ...... 46W Transport ...... 85W Social Security Benefits...... 46W West Coast Railway Line ...... 85W Social Security Benefits: Immigrants...... 47W Social Security Benefits: Mental Illness...... 48W TREASURY ...... 62W Standard of Living...... 48W Commodity Markets...... 62W Universal Credit...... 49W Debts ...... 62W Work Capability Assessment: Wales...... 50W Debts: Essex...... 62W Work Programme...... 51W Fracking...... 62W Work Programme: Wales...... 52W Members who wish to have the Daily Report of the Debates forwarded to them should give notice at the Vote Office. The Bound Volumes will also be sent to Members who similarly express their desire to have them. No proofs of the Daily Reports can be supplied. Corrections which Members suggest for the Bound Volume should be clearly marked in the Daily Report, but not telephoned, and the copy containing the Corrections must be received at the Editor’s Room, House of Commons,

not later than Monday 16 December 2013

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CONTENTS

Monday 9 December 2013

List of Government and Principal Officers of the House

Tributes to Nelson Mandela [Col. 1]

Written Statements [Col. 1WS]

Petitions [Col. 1P] Observations

Written Answers to Questions [Col. 1W] [see index inside back page]