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The Dinosaur Field Guide Supplement

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The Dinosaur Field Guide Supplement The Dinosaur Field Guide Supplement September 2010 – December 2014 By, Zachary Perry (ZoPteryx) Page 1 Disclaimer: This supplement is intended to be a companion for Gregory S. Paul’s impressive work The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs, and as such, exhibits some similarities in format, text, and taxonomy. This was done solely for reasons of aesthetics and consistency between his book and this supplement. The text and art are not necessarily reflections of the ideals and/or theories of Gregory S. Paul. The author of this supplement was limited to using information that was freely available from public sources, and so more information may be known about a given species then is written or illustrated here. Should this information become freely available, it will be included in future supplements. For genera that have been split from preexisting genera, or when new information about a genus has been discovered, only minimal text is included along with the page number of the corresponding entry in The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs. Genera described solely from inadequate remains (teeth, claws, bone fragments, etc.) are not included, unless the remains are highly distinct and cannot clearly be placed into any other known genera; this includes some genera that were not included in Gregory S. Paul’s work, despite being discovered prior to its publication. All artists are given full credit for their work in the form of their last name, or lacking this, their username, below their work. Modifications have been made to some skeletal restorations for aesthetic reasons, but none affecting the skeleton itself. Should any artist want their piece modified or removed from this supplement, they may contact the author. All life restorations are by the author and based on the accompanying skeletal diagram. All artwork corresponds to the entry immediately above it. The author apologizes in advance for any typos, overlooked information, and inconsistencies that may be present in this and future supplements. Page 2 Dinosaurs Baso-Dinosaurs Nyasasaurus parringtoni 2.4 m (8 ft) TL, 15 kg (30 lb) Fossil Remains: Partial skeleton. Anatomical Characteristics: Three sacral vertebrae; neck vertebrae elongated, hollow, possibly pitted as in theropods; long deltopectoral crest on humerus. Age: Middle Triassic, Anisian. Distribution: Tanzania; Manda Formation. Habits: Growth apparently more rapid than herrerasaurs. Was likely omnivorous and capable of running faster than most contemporary animals. Notes: Tentatively placed within dinosauria. May be a common ancestor of both ornithischia and saurischia, although some analyses have concluded that it is most likely a theropod. If it is not a dinosaur, then it is the most derived protodinosaur yet known. First remains mistakenly placed in much later Thecodontosaurus. It is not certain that the two known specimens belong under the same genus or species. Theropods Herrerasaurs Sanjuansaurus gordilloi 2.5 m (9 ft) TL, 30 kg (60 lb) Fossil Remains: Minority of skull and partial skeleton. Anatomical Characteristics: Standard for baso-theropods. Age: Late Triassic, Carnian. Distribution: Northern Argentina; Ischigualasto. Habitat: Seasonally well-watered forests, including dense stands of giant conifers. Habits: Generalist predator. Notes: Prey included Pisanosaurus, Panphagia, and Eoraptor. Main enemies Herrerasaurus and large thecodonts. Alcober & Martinez Page 3 ZP Derived Non-Avepods Eodromaeus murphi 1.2 m (4 ft) TL, 5 kg (10 lb) Fossil Remains: Majority of skull and skeleton. Anatomical Characteristics: Relatively standard for baso-therapods, but overall more gracile and with a less robust pubis than herrerasaurs. Age: Late Triassic, Early Carnian. Distribution: Northern Argentina; Ischigualasto. Habitat: Seasonally well-watered forest, including dense stands of giant conifers. Habits: Hunted small game. Notes: More advanced than typical herrerasaurs but less advanced than avepods. Shared its habitat with similar sized Eoraptor and larger Herrerasaurus, was likely prey of the latter. Prey included Panphagia and Pisanosaurus. Sereno & Abraczinskas Page 4 ZP Avepods Daemonosaurus chauliodus 1.5 m (5 ft) TL, 5 kg (10 lb) Fossil Remains: Complete skull and minority of skeleton. Anatomical Characteristics: Snout short and sloping. Eyes large. Teeth in upper jaw elongated. Upper jaw indented near tip and slightly longer than lower jaw. Teeth at front of upper and lower jaws are procumbent. Age: Late Triassic, Rhaetian. Distribution: New Mexico; Chinle. Habitat: Well-watered forest. Habits: Probably preyed on small game. Notes: More advanced than herrerasaurs, but may or may not be avepods. Shared its habitat with Coelophysis, Chindesaurus, and Tawa. Sues et al. ZP Tawa hallae 2.2 m (7 ft) TL, 13 kg (30 lb) Fossil Remains: Complete skull and several skeletons, juvenile to adult. Anatomical Characteristics: Overall build very similar to coelophysoids, but arms longer. Pelvis short like herrerasaurs. Age: Late Triassic, Early Norian. Distribution: New Mexico; Chinle. Habitat: Well-watered forests, including dense stands of giant conifers. Habits: Capable of hunting small and medium game. Skeletons of various ages found together may suggest some sort of group behavior. Page 5 Notes: Likely competed with Coelophysis and Chindesaurus. Enemies included large thecodonts. More advanced than herrerasaurs, but less advanced than coelophysoids; may or may not be avepods. http://www.deviantart.com/art/Tawa-the-perfect-intermediate-441064057 Hartman ZP Tachiraptor admirabilis 1.5 m (5 ft) TL, 5 kg (10 lb) Fossil Remains: Minority of skeleton. Anatomical Characteristics: Insufficient information. Age: Early Jurassic, Hettangian. Distribution: Venezuela; La Quinta. Notes: Potential prey included Laquintasaura. Coelophysoids Panguraptor (or Coelophysis) lufengensis 1.5 m (5 ft) TL, 5 kg (10 lb) Fossil Remains: Majority of skull and partial skeleton. Anatomical Characteristics: Snout and arms relatively short. Age: Early Jurassic, Hettangian. Distribution: Southern China; lower Lufeng. Notes: More closely related to Coelophysis than to “Syntarsus”, suggesting that all should either be lumped into Coelophysis, or “Syntarsus” should be elevated back to the genus level. Main enemy Sinosaurus, potential prey included early mammals and young prosauropods. Page 6 Studziński ZP Zupaysaurus rougieri See Page 75 Notes: Recent research indicates that Zupaysaurus’s large crests may actually be displaced lacrimal bone. Sinosaurus triassicus See Page 76 Notes: “Dilophosaurus sinensis” has been found to be a junior synonym of this genus and species. Abelisauroids Baso-Abelisauroids Fosterovenator churei Adult size not certain Page 7 Fossil Remains: Minority of skeleton. Anatomical Characteristics: Insufficient information. Age: Late Jurassic, Middle Tithonian. Distribution: Wyoming; upper Morrison. Habitat: Semiarid with open floodplain prairies and riverine forests. Notes: Classification uncertain, probably the first known basal abelisauroid from the northern hemisphere. May include remains assigned to Elaphrosaurus? unnamed species. Shared its habitat with the much larger Allosaurus and Torvosaurus, amongst many other dinosaurs. Dahalokely tokana 3.5 m (12 ft) TL, 40 kg (85 lb) Fossil Remains: Minority of skeleton. Anatomical Characteristics: Robustly constructed. Age: Late Cretaceous, Turonian. Distribution: Madagascar; Diego Basin. Notes: Taxonomic placement uncertain due to incompleteness of remains. May be a large basal noasaurid, as some evidence suggests, or a small abelisaurid. At the time of Dahalokely’s existence, Madagascar and India were linked together as a large island. Abelisaurids Eoabelisaurus mefi 6 m (20 ft) TL, 750 kg (1,600 lb) Fossil Remains: Partial skull and majority of skeleton. Anatomical Characteristics: Skull tall and arms shortened, but still functional. Vertebral spines over hips and base of tail form shallow ridge. Age: Middle Jurassic, Late Aalenian or Early Bajocian. Distribution: Southern Argentina; Cañadón Asfalto. Notes: Oldest known abelisaurid. Shared its habitat with Piatnitzkysaurus, Condorraptor, and a variety of sauropods. Rauhut Page 8 ZP Kryptops palios See Page 78 Notes: Portions of skeleton may belong to Eocarcharia. Pycnonemosaurus nevesi See Page 79 Notes: Correct spelling of “Pycnoneosaurus”. Majungasaurus crenatissimus See Page 80 Anatomical Characteristics: Neck robust and fairly long, shorter legs result in a low-slung appearance. http://scotthartman.deviantart.com/art/Majungasaurus-redux-87892198 Hartman Rahiolisaurus gujaratensis 7.5 m (25 ft) TL, 2 tonnes Fossil Remains: Minority of several skeletons found in association. Anatomical Characteristics: Leg long and gracile. Age: Late Cretaceous, Maastrichtian. Distribution: Western India; Lameta. Habits: Hunted titanosaur sauropods and ankylosaurs. Notes: May be the same as contemporary Indosuchus raptorius. Shared its habitat with Rajasaurus. Vitakridrinda sulaimani 7.5 m (25 ft) TL, 2 tonnes Fossil Remains: Minority of skull and skeleton. Anatomical Characteristics: Insufficient information. Age: Late Cretaceous, Maastrichtian. Distribution: Pakistan; Pab. Notes: Appears fairly standard for an abelisaurid, but too little known to be certain. Arcovenator escotae 6 m (20 ft) TL, 750 kg (1,600 lb) Fossil Remains: Minority of skull and skeleton. Page 9 Anatomical Characteristics: Bony brow ridges well developed. Age: Late Cretaceous, Late Campanian. Distribution: France; Lower Argiles Rutilantes. Habitat: Large subtropical island with
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