Perinate and Eggs of a Giant Caenagnathid Dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Central China
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The Paleontograph______
__________The Paleontograph________ A newsletter for those interested in all aspects of Paleontology Volume 5 Issue 1 March, 2016 _________________________________________________________________ From Your Editor Welcome to our latest issue. I hope you enjoyed the holidays. If you are anything like me, you are looking forward to Spring. We've had a mild winter here in CO. Weather is different than the east coast. While the nights are colder, the days are warmer. It's a nice change for me. I finally have my fossil lab up and running and I am spending my days, or part thereof, working off my backlog of fossils. It has been a couple of months since our last issue but Bob has kept writing and so we have an interesting issue for you to enjoy. The Paleontograph was created in 2012 to continue what was originally the newsletter of The New Jersey Paleontological Society. The Paleontograph publishes articles, book reviews, personal accounts, and anything else that relates to Paleontology and fossils. Feel free to submit both technical and non-technical work. We try to appeal to a wide range of people interested in fossils. Articles about localities, specific types of fossils, fossil preparation, shows or events, museum displays, field trips, websites are all welcome. This newsletter is meant to be one by and for the readers. Issues will come out when there is enough content to fill an issue. I encourage all to submit contributions. It will be interesting, informative and fun to read. It can become whatever the readers and contributors want it to be, so it will be a work in progress. -
Anchiornis and Scansoriopterygidae
SpringerBriefs in Earth System Sciences SpringerBriefs South America and the Southern Hemisphere Series Editors Gerrit Lohmann Lawrence A. Mysak Justus Notholt Jorge Rabassa Vikram Unnithan For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/10032 Federico L. Agnolín · Fernando E. Novas Avian Ancestors A Review of the Phylogenetic Relationships of the Theropods Unenlagiidae, Microraptoria, Anchiornis and Scansoriopterygidae 1 3 Federico L. Agnolín “Félix de Azara”, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales Fundación de Historia Natural, CEBBAD, Universidad Maimónides Buenos Aires Argentina Fernando E. Novas CONICET, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” Buenos Aires Argentina ISSN 2191-589X ISSN 2191-5903 (electronic) ISBN 978-94-007-5636-6 ISBN 978-94-007-5637-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-5637-3 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London Library of Congress Control Number: 2012953463 © The Author(s) 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. -
The Normal Dimensions of the Sella Turcica in North Karnataka Region- a Computed Tomographic Study Lohit V Shaha*, Babasaheb G Patil**, Sanjeev I Kolagi***
Original Article Pravara Med Rev 2018;10(3) The normal dimensions of the Sella Turcica in North Karnataka region- A Computed tomographic study Lohit V Shaha*, Babasaheb G Patil**, Sanjeev I Kolagi*** Abstract Aim of the study: Sella turcica is an important structure in middle cranial fossa. It is a saddle shaped concavity in the body of sphenoid bone. It is bounded by dura of cavernous sinuses bilaterally, the lamina dura and dorsum sellae posteriorly and the tuberculum sellae and planum sphenoidale anteriorly. The present study was undertaken to study the normal dimensions of sella turcica morphometry. Material and methods: This observational study was conducted in S Nijalingappa medical college and HSK hospital, Bagalkot. 1650 computed tomographic images of healthy Indians aged 21-70 years were collected. Radiant Dicom viewer software was used to determine the linear dimensions of sella turcica. Data was analysed using t test and ANOVA with Epi Info software. Results: The mean values (in millimeter) of length, width and height of sella turcica in different age groups was 8.80 ± 1.65, 10.83 ± 1.35 and 8.52 ± 1.50. Conclusion: The dimensions of sella turcica vary in different populations and these findings could form an initial database for Indian population which may provide a good anatomical knowledge during objective evaluation and detection of pathological conditions of sella turcica and hypophysis cerebri. Key words: Sphenoid bone, Linear dimensions, Hypophysis cerebri Introduction Sella turcica is an important structure in middle cranial fossa. It is safe treatment of various pituitary disorders such as a saddle shaped concavity in the body of sphenoid bone. -
8. Archosaur Phylogeny and the Relationships of the Crocodylia
8. Archosaur phylogeny and the relationships of the Crocodylia MICHAEL J. BENTON Department of Geology, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK JAMES M. CLARK* Department of Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA Abstract The Archosauria include the living crocodilians and birds, as well as the fossil dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and basal 'thecodontians'. Cladograms of the basal archosaurs and of the crocodylomorphs are given in this paper. There are three primitive archosaur groups, the Proterosuchidae, the Erythrosuchidae, and the Proterochampsidae, which fall outside the crown-group (crocodilian line plus bird line), and these have been defined as plesions to a restricted Archosauria by Gauthier. The Early Triassic Euparkeria may also fall outside this crown-group, or it may lie on the bird line. The crown-group of archosaurs divides into the Ornithosuchia (the 'bird line': Orn- ithosuchidae, Lagosuchidae, Pterosauria, Dinosauria) and the Croco- dylotarsi nov. (the 'crocodilian line': Phytosauridae, Crocodylo- morpha, Stagonolepididae, Rauisuchidae, and Poposauridae). The latter three families may form a clade (Pseudosuchia s.str.), or the Poposauridae may pair off with Crocodylomorpha. The Crocodylomorpha includes all crocodilians, as well as crocodi- lian-like Triassic and Jurassic terrestrial forms. The Crocodyliformes include the traditional 'Protosuchia', 'Mesosuchia', and Eusuchia, and they are defined by a large number of synapomorphies, particularly of the braincase and occipital regions. The 'protosuchians' (mainly Early *Present address: Department of Zoology, Storer Hall, University of California, Davis, Cali- fornia, USA. The Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods, Volume 1: Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds (ed. M.J. Benton), Systematics Association Special Volume 35A . pp. 295-338. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1988. -
A New Microvertebrate Assemblage from the Mussentuchit
A new microvertebrate assemblage from the Mussentuchit Member, Cedar Mountain Formation: insights into the paleobiodiversity and paleobiogeography of early Late Cretaceous ecosystems in western North America Haviv M. Avrahami1,2,3, Terry A. Gates1, Andrew B. Heckert3, Peter J. Makovicky4 and Lindsay E. Zanno1,2 1 Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA 2 North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA 3 Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA 4 Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA ABSTRACT The vertebrate fauna of the Late Cretaceous Mussentuchit Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation has been studied for nearly three decades, yet the fossil-rich unit continues to produce new information about life in western North America approximately 97 million years ago. Here we report on the composition of the Cliffs of Insanity (COI) microvertebrate locality, a newly sampled site containing perhaps one of the densest concentrations of microvertebrate fossils yet discovered in the Mussentuchit Member. The COI locality preserves osteichthyan, lissamphibian, testudinatan, mesoeucrocodylian, dinosaurian, metatherian, and trace fossil remains and is among the most taxonomically rich microvertebrate localities in the Mussentuchit Submitted 30 May 2018 fi fi Accepted 8 October 2018 Member. To better re ne taxonomic identi cations of isolated theropod dinosaur Published 16 November 2018 teeth, we used quantitative analyses of taxonomically comprehensive databases of Corresponding authors theropod tooth measurements, adding new data on theropod tooth morphodiversity in Haviv M. Avrahami, this poorly understood interval. We further provide the first descriptions of [email protected] tyrannosauroid premaxillary teeth and document the earliest North American record of Lindsay E. -
KENNETH CARPENTER, Ph.D. Director and Curator Of
KENNETH CARPENTER, Ph.D. Director and Curator of Paleontology Prehistoric Museum Utah State University - College of Eastern Utah 155 East Main Street Price, Utah 84501 Education May, 1996. Ph.D., Geology University of Colorado, Boulder, CO. Dissertation “Sharon Springs Member, Pierre Shale (Lower Campanian) depositional environment and origin of it' s Vertebrate fauna, with a review of North American plesiosaurs” 251 p. May, 1980. B.S. in Geology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO. Aug-Dec. 1977 Apprenticeship, Smithsonian Inst., Washington DC Professional Museum Experience 1975 – 1980: University of Colorado Museum, Boulder, CO. 1983 – 1984: Mississippi Museum of Natural History, Jackson, MS. 1984 – 1986: Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia. 1986: Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA. 1986: Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, Norman, OK. 1987 – 1989: Museum of the Rockies, Bozeman, MT. 1989 – 1996: Chief Preparator, Denver Museum of Nature and Science, Denver, CO. 1996 – 2010: Chief Preparator, and Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology, Denver Museum of Nature and Science, Denver, CO. 2006 – 2007; 2008-2009: Acting Department Head, Chief Preparator, and Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology, Denver Museum of Nature and Science, Denver, CO. 2010 – present: Director, Prehistoric Museum, Price, UT 2010 – present: Associate Vice Chancellor, Utah State University Professional Services: 1991 – 1998: Science Advisor, Garden Park Paleontological Society 1994: Senior Organizer, Symposium "The Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation: An Interdisciplinary Study" 1996: Scientific Consultant Walking With Dinosaurs , BBC, England 2000: Scientific Consultant Ballad of Big Al , BBC, England 2000 – 2003: Associate Editor, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 2001 – 2003: Associate Editor, Earth Sciences History journal 2003 – present: Scientific Advisor, HAN Project 21 Dinosaur Expos, Tokyo, Japan. -
A Phylogenetic Analysis of the Basal Ornithischia (Reptilia, Dinosauria)
A PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE BASAL ORNITHISCHIA (REPTILIA, DINOSAURIA) Marc Richard Spencer A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE December 2007 Committee: Margaret M. Yacobucci, Advisor Don C. Steinker Daniel M. Pavuk © 2007 Marc Richard Spencer All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Margaret M. Yacobucci, Advisor The placement of Lesothosaurus diagnosticus and the Heterodontosauridae within the Ornithischia has been problematic. Historically, Lesothosaurus has been regarded as a basal ornithischian dinosaur, the sister taxon to the Genasauria. Recent phylogenetic analyses, however, have placed Lesothosaurus as a more derived ornithischian within the Genasauria. The Fabrosauridae, of which Lesothosaurus was considered a member, has never been phylogenetically corroborated and has been considered a paraphyletic assemblage. Prior to recent phylogenetic analyses, the problematic Heterodontosauridae was placed within the Ornithopoda as the sister taxon to the Euornithopoda. The heterodontosaurids have also been considered as the basal member of the Cerapoda (Ornithopoda + Marginocephalia), the sister taxon to the Marginocephalia, and as the sister taxon to the Genasauria. To reevaluate the placement of these taxa, along with other basal ornithischians and more derived subclades, a phylogenetic analysis of 19 taxonomic units, including two outgroup taxa, was performed. Analysis of 97 characters and their associated character states culled, modified, and/or rescored from published literature based on published descriptions, produced four most parsimonious trees. Consistency and retention indices were calculated and a bootstrap analysis was performed to determine the relative support for the resultant phylogeny. The Ornithischia was recovered with Pisanosaurus as its basalmost member. -
Was Dinosaurian Physiology Inherited by Birds? Reconciling Slow Growth in Archaeopteryx
Was Dinosaurian Physiology Inherited by Birds? Reconciling Slow Growth in Archaeopteryx Gregory M. Erickson1,6*, Oliver W. M. Rauhut2, Zhonghe Zhou3, Alan H. Turner4,6, Brian D. Inouye1, Dongyu Hu5, Mark A. Norell6 1 Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America, 2 Bayerische Staatssammlung fu¨r Pala¨ontologie und Geologie and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, LMU Munich, Mu¨nchen, Germany, 3 Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of Vertebrates, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology & Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China, 4 Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America, 5 Paleontological Institute, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China, 6 Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America Abstract Background: Archaeopteryx is the oldest and most primitive known bird (Avialae). It is believed that the growth and energetic physiology of basalmost birds such as Archaeopteryx were inherited in their entirety from non-avialan dinosaurs. This hypothesis predicts that the long bones in these birds formed using rapidly growing, well-vascularized woven tissue typical of non-avialan dinosaurs. Methodology/Principal Findings: We report that Archaeopteryx long bones are composed of nearly avascular parallel- fibered bone. This is among the slowest growing osseous tissues and is common in ectothermic reptiles. These findings dispute the hypothesis that non-avialan dinosaur growth and physiology were inherited in totality by the first birds. Examining these findings in a phylogenetic context required intensive sampling of outgroup dinosaurs and basalmost birds. Our results demonstrate the presence of a scale-dependent maniraptoran histological continuum that Archaeopteryx and other basalmost birds follow. -
A New Caenagnathid Dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous Wangshi
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN A new caenagnathid dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous Wangshi Group of Shandong, China, with Received: 12 October 2017 Accepted: 7 March 2018 comments on size variation among Published: xx xx xxxx oviraptorosaurs Yilun Yu1, Kebai Wang2, Shuqing Chen2, Corwin Sullivan3,4, Shuo Wang 5,6, Peiye Wang2 & Xing Xu7 The bone-beds of the Upper Cretaceous Wangshi Group in Zhucheng, Shandong, China are rich in fossil remains of the gigantic hadrosaurid Shantungosaurus. Here we report a new oviraptorosaur, Anomalipes zhaoi gen. et sp. nov., based on a recently collected specimen comprising a partial left hindlimb from the Kugou Locality in Zhucheng. This specimen’s systematic position was assessed by three numerical cladistic analyses based on recently published theropod phylogenetic datasets, with the inclusion of several new characters. Anomalipes zhaoi difers from other known caenagnathids in having a unique combination of features: femoral head anteroposteriorly narrow and with signifcant posterior orientation; accessory trochanter low and confuent with lesser trochanter; lateral ridge present on femoral lateral surface; weak fourth trochanter present; metatarsal III with triangular proximal articular surface, prominent anterior fange near proximal end, highly asymmetrical hemicondyles, and longitudinal groove on distal articular surface; and ungual of pedal digit II with lateral collateral groove deeper and more dorsally located than medial groove. The holotype of Anomalipes zhaoi is smaller than is typical for Caenagnathidae but larger than is typical for the other major oviraptorosaurian subclade, Oviraptoridae. Size comparisons among oviraptorisaurians show that the Caenagnathidae vary much more widely in size than the Oviraptoridae. Oviraptorosauria is a clade of maniraptoran theropod dinosaurs characterized by a short, high skull, long neck and short tail. -
Abstract Book.Pdf
Welcome! Welcome to the VI Symposium on Dinosaur Eggs and Babies, the return of this periodic gathering to the Iberian Peninsula, when it hatched eighteen years ago. From the slopes of the Pyrenees, we have followed the first steps of dinosaurs through France, Argentina, the United States and China. Today, we come back and see the coast where the first theropod embryos were discovered twenty years ago. Since the end of the last century, Paleoology, much like other branches of palaeontology, has evolved thanks to the advance of new methodologies and analytical tools, becoming a progressively more interdisciplinary area of knowledge. Dinosaur babies and embryos, rare findings back when these meetings started, seem to be everywhere now that we learn to look for them under the light of the microscope. New astonishing specimens allow us to understand how Mesozoic dinosaurs mate and reproduce. Oology, our parent discipline in the modern world, has made great advances in understanding the form and function of the egg, and its applications on poultry industry are countless. More than thirty contributions evidence that our field remains small but alive and healthy. We hope that you find in this Symposium an opportunity to share knowledge and open new lines of collaboration. And do not forget to enjoy your stay in Portugal. The host committee CONTENTS How to get to the FCT 6 Acknowledgements 10 PROGRAM 11 ABSTRACTS 14 THE FIRST ORNITHOMIMID EMBRYO IN A SHELL WITH A SINGLE STRUCTURAL LAYER: A CHALLENGE TO ORTHODOXY 15 Araújo R., Lamb J., Atkinson P., Martins R. M. S., Polcyn M.J., Fernandez V. -
New Oviraptorid Dinosaur (Dinosauria: Oviraptorosauria) from the Nemegt Formation of Southwestern Mongolia
Bull. Natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, Ser. C, 30, pp. 95–130, December 22, 2004 New Oviraptorid Dinosaur (Dinosauria: Oviraptorosauria) from the Nemegt Formation of Southwestern Mongolia Junchang Lü1, Yukimitsu Tomida2, Yoichi Azuma3, Zhiming Dong4 and Yuong-Nam Lee5 1 Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China 2 National Science Museum, 3–23–1 Hyakunincho, Shinjukuku, Tokyo 169–0073, Japan 3 Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum, 51–11 Terao, Muroko, Katsuyama 911–8601, Japan 4 Institute of Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China 5 Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Geology & Geoinformation Division, 30 Gajeong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305–350, South Korea Abstract Nemegtia barsboldi gen. et sp. nov. here described is a new oviraptorid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous (mid-Maastrichtian) Nemegt Formation of southwestern Mongolia. It differs from other oviraptorids in the skull having a well-developed crest, the anterior margin of which is nearly vertical, and the dorsal margin of the skull and the anterior margin of the crest form nearly 90°; the nasal process of the premaxilla being less exposed on the dorsal surface of the skull than those in other known oviraptorids; the length of the frontal being approximately one fourth that of the parietal along the midline of the skull. Phylogenetic analysis shows that Nemegtia barsboldi is more closely related to Citipati osmolskae than to any other oviraptorosaurs. Key words : Nemegt Basin, Mongolia, Nemegt Formation, Late Cretaceous, Oviraptorosauria, Nemegtia. dae, and Caudipterygidae (Barsbold, 1976; Stern- Introduction berg, 1940; Currie, 2000; Clark et al., 2001; Ji et Oviraptorosaurs are generally regarded as non- al., 1998; Zhou and Wang, 2000; Zhou et al., avian theropod dinosaurs (Osborn, 1924; Bars- 2000). -
GLOSSARY of MEDICAL and ANATOMICAL TERMS
GLOSSARY of MEDICAL and ANATOMICAL TERMS Abbreviations: • A. Arabic • abb. = abbreviation • c. circa = about • F. French • adj. adjective • G. Greek • Ge. German • cf. compare • L. Latin • dim. = diminutive • OF. Old French • ( ) plural form in brackets A-band abb. of anisotropic band G. anisos = unequal + tropos = turning; meaning having not equal properties in every direction; transverse bands in living skeletal muscle which rotate the plane of polarised light, cf. I-band. Abbé, Ernst. 1840-1905. German physicist; mathematical analysis of optics as a basis for constructing better microscopes; devised oil immersion lens; Abbé condenser. absorption L. absorbere = to suck up. acervulus L. = sand, gritty; brain sand (cf. psammoma body). acetylcholine an ester of choline found in many tissue, synapses & neuromuscular junctions, where it is a neural transmitter. acetylcholinesterase enzyme at motor end-plate responsible for rapid destruction of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter. acidophilic adj. L. acidus = sour + G. philein = to love; affinity for an acidic dye, such as eosin staining cytoplasmic proteins. acinus (-i) L. = a juicy berry, a grape; applied to small, rounded terminal secretory units of compound exocrine glands that have a small lumen (adj. acinar). acrosome G. akron = extremity + soma = body; head of spermatozoon. actin polymer protein filament found in the intracellular cytoskeleton, particularly in the thin (I-) bands of striated muscle. adenohypophysis G. ade = an acorn + hypophyses = an undergrowth; anterior lobe of hypophysis (cf. pituitary). adenoid G. " + -oeides = in form of; in the form of a gland, glandular; the pharyngeal tonsil. adipocyte L. adeps = fat (of an animal) + G. kytos = a container; cells responsible for storage and metabolism of lipids, found in white fat and brown fat.