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Duke Pharmaceutieal Uhiversic}L Nojio 2-522-I, Ktyose, 7Bkyo, 204-8588 Jmpan; Uitiversi(B Box 90338 Durham, IVC27708-O038, CLSA The JapaneseSocietyJapanese Society for Plant Systematics ISSN 1346-756S Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 54 (2): 99-104 (2003) Bivoriahengduanensis (Lichenized Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae), a New Species from Southern China LI-SONG WANGi, HIROSHI HARADA2, TAKAO NARUI3, CHICITA F. CULBERSON` and WILLIAM L. CULBERSON` iKiinmingfnstitute ofBotarLM ChineseAcadenry qf'Seienee, Ileilongtan, Kiinming funnan 650204, enina; 2 3 History Aoba-eho 955-2, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8682 .lopan; Mbiji Ndtural imseum and institute,Chiba, 4Duke Pharmaceutieal Uhiversic}l Nojio 2-522-I, Ktyose, 7bkyo, 204-8588 Jmpan; Uitiversi(B Box 90338 Durham, IVC27708-O038, CLSA, BtJ)oria hengduanensis L. S. Wang & H. Harada sp. nov., from YUnnan and Sichuan in southern China, is characterized by a pendant thallus, pseudocyphellae spiraling around the branches, meduilary hyphae, and usnic and fumarprotocetraric acids. The closely related B. pseudocupillaris Brodo & D, Hawksw. and B. spiraltfeva Brodo & D. Hawksw, have white pseudocyphellae, andB. tortuosa Brodo & D. L, Hawksw, is sorediate, The new species also differs from all three ofthese North American species by chemistry. Key werds: Alectoria, BT;yoria, chemistry, China, lichenized Ascomycota, new species, OTqpogon, Sichuan, Sulcaria, taxonomy, Minnan Alectorioid lichens are characterized by a fruticose Materials and Methods thallus, terete branches, a distinct cortical layer, an arachnoid medulla without a central axis, a tre- The description ofthe external morphology is based bouxioid photobiont, and lecanorine apothecia. on air-dried material observed under a dissecting They are widely distributed in the world and are rep- microscope, For anatomical description, sections resented in East Asia by Alectoria Ach. in Luyken, rnade with a razor blade were mounted in lac- Br:voria Brodo & D. Hawksw., Btyocaulon Ktirne£ and , tophenol cotton blue (LPCB), GAW (glycerol: Ompogon Th. Fr,, Pseudephebe M. Choisy, and ethanol: wateFl : 1 : 1) preparations were used for Sbelcaria (Motyka) Bystrek. Among them, the most the color descriptions. The specimens used in this species-rich genus is Bnyyoria, which seems to have study are deposited in the Cryptogamic Herbarium a center of distribution in the Himalayan region. of the Kunming Institute of Botany, Academia there, Many species are known including 14 from Sinica (KuN-L), with some duplicates in the Natural India Nepal in the south & Awasthi and (Awasthi History Museurn and Institute, Chiba (cBM), and and the east, ofthe species 1985), in 13 18 known Duke University (DuK}]), from all of China come from YUnnan (Wang & Chemical ana]yses were made by thin-layer Chen 1994, Wu & Wang 1992), In this paper, we chromatography (TLC) and high-perfbrrnance liquid describe a new and distinctive species ofBfyoria. chromatography (HPLC). TLC was by a standard- NII-Electronic Library Service The JapaneseSocietyJapanese Society for Plant Systematics 100 APG Vbl. 54 ized method (Culberson et al. 1981) using three with angles between dichotomies obtuse and round- solvent systems and controls of atranorin and ed towards the base (usually 800-900) and acute norstictic acid. HPLC used a Beckman ODS col- towards the apices (c.300-500); branehes cylindrical, umn (4.6 × 250 mm; 5pm) and a gradient fbrmed rather even in diameter; main branches c.O.2-0.3mm by mixing methanol : water : o-phosphoric acid diam., generally pale brown, black only in the basal (30:70:1) (Solvent 1) with methanol. The 40-min parts, shiny; lateral spinulose branches common, gradient from 80 % to 16 % Solvent 1 was fo1- usually up to 1-5mm long, not constricted at the lowed by 15 min at 16 % Solvent 1. Detection base, usually conce]orous with the main branches, was at 270 nm, Identifications were based on TLC sometimes becoming dark brown towards the apices; and HPLC comparisons with pure samples and true lateral spinules absent; pseudocyphellae lin- with extracts from specimens serving as authentic eag twisting in long spirals, slightly concave to fis- sources ofspecifi¢ compounds. Specimens showing sured, concolorous with the thallus or dark brown; unexpected mixtures of compounds were retested soralia absent. Apothecia andpycnidia absent. using single strands separated rriicroscopically and Anatonry: Middle parts ofthe main branches analyzed by HPLC. in cross-section entirely circular, 250-270pm in diameter; cortex 30-50ym thick, one-layered, col- Taxonomy orless throughout, rough on the surface, sometimes discontinuous due te sulcae; medullary hyphae not Bryoria hengduanensis L. S. Wang & H. Harada, omamented, 4-5pm diam. sp. nov. (Figs. 1 & 2) CLJiemists:y: Cortex P+ orange, K-, C-, KC-; J), [Miallus ffuticosus, capillifbrmis, pendens, 3-5(- medulla P+ yellow (or K+ pale yellow, C-, 15) cm longus, ramis aniso-dichotomiter fastigiatisKC-. Usnic acid, fumarprotocetraric acid, trace basin versus, iso-dichotomiter fastigiatis apicem protocetraric acid, trace confumarprotocetraric acid; versus, pallido-brunneis, sed denigratis basin versus, Rf and Rt values given in [lable 1 , nitidis, ramulis spinulesis lateralibus communibus, ln herbarium specimens, the c]osely inter- pscudocyphellis elongatis in spiram contortis, sorali- twined hair-like thalli (strands) may be]ong to more is desititutus, hyphis medullosis rasilibus, acidum than two species: Bryoria hengduanensis, Bp:yoria usnicum et acidum fumarprotocetraricum conti- sp., and Ulsnea longissima. blsnea tongissima is nens. easly distinguished by its color frorn the present Z)tpe: CHINA. Minnan Prov,, Zhongdian Co., new species, but it is very diMcult te remove the Tian-chi Lake, 3900 m elev,, on Abies geoigei, similar brownish Br:yoria sp., which contains usnic Aug, 1993, PPZingLi-song 93-i3673 (Kcffv-L i3927, and barbatolic acid with or without gyrophoric acid. holotypus; enB--z-13390, isotypus), Thus, if samples taken fbr TLC analysis contain "hength{anensis" epithet refers Etymology:The several strands, it is possible fbr the result to give an to the type locality, the Hengduan Mountains in additive chemistry equal to both BTyoria species Sichuan, Yunnan and Xizang, east of the Great combined. The resultant TLC and HPLC analyses Himal aya Range. are extremely complex, including all the compounds normally associated with this spccies plus those E)cternal Mbrphology: Thallus fruticese, hair- associated with barbatolic acid (e.g,, alectorialic like, pendant, 3-5(-15) cm long, anisotomic-dichoto- acid, barbatolin, alectorialin, and the hydrolysis mously branched towards the base, beceming iso- products ofthese compounds) and those associated tomic-dichotQmously branched towards the apices, with gyrophoric acid (lecanoric acid and a trace of NII-Electronic Library Service The JapaneseSocietyJapanese Society for Plant Systematics 101 December 2e03 wnNG et aL : New species ofBt),oria (lichcns) orsellinic acid). The analysis oftwo multi-strand and the other gave US plus BA, A recheck oftwo samples of PP2ing 93-13675 (analysis no. 11756), specimens Canaiysis nos. 11756 and 11956) under both gave usnic (US), fumarprotocetraric (FU) and the dissecting microscope showed that both were barbatolic (BA) acids, The analysis ofone multi- mixtures ofB, hengduanensis andBryoria sp, In the strand sample of PVkeng OO-19999 (analysis no, ana]ysis of single-strand samples, B. hengdttanensis 1 1956) gave only US and FU. But when two single- containcd US and FU (Table 2) and BFyoria sp. strand samples were analyzed, one gave US plus FU contained US and BA. FTG. i. Habit ofBiyoria hengduanensis. (Part ofholotype, air-dricdmaterial) NII-Electronic Library Service The JapaneseSocletyJapanese Society forforPlant Plant Systematics 102 APG Nbl 54 FIG 2 Bi;Foria hengduanensis A branchesshowmgpsudocyphel]ae twistedmleng efmam gho-- spirals B crogg gection branch, ing certex dlscontmuous at pseudecyphella or sulca (drrow head)(A, B, from holotype A, air dned matemal, B, GAW prepd- ration) Scalebars A, lmm B 100pm TABLE 1 IYpiLal Rf × 100 vaTueb and rcprescntative Rt for cempounds m B-.otia hengduanenys Cempound R fx l OOtRf Norstictic aicd, R fAtranorm" A B c HH CoLor"' Rt(min) (trom B-,orta hengduanensis) Ugnic acid 745/43,80 72!37,78S 80126,89 greemshgray 445 Fumarprotecetraric acid 3r43, 80 32 5/37, 78 5 g/26, 89 dark gray to black 33 6 N3/43, N5!26, Protocetraric aud 80 21 5f37, 7g 5 89 dark gray to black 27 5 A'-3143,80 '-1/26 Cenfumdrprotocetraricacid 14,37,785 89 yellow 241 (from accompanying Bopona sp ) '- Alcctoriahcacid 40143,80 54/37,78S 29!26,S9 orangebro"n 315 '-22f26,89 Gyrophoricacid 25i43,80 44i37,785 367 yellowishtogray acid 12143, BdrbatohL 80 54137, 785 22/26, 89 yellow 401 *Rfvalues for some compounds that trail in a pdrticular solvent systeni are concentration dependent, e g largcr amounts of gyrophonL acid run higher in solvent A Some Lormpounds are obgeued by onc or more others, c g fumarprotocetranc acid is somewhat obgcured by protocetranc and confumarprotocetranL acids "N ' in solventg A and C The before serne Rfvalues mdicates cornpounds obscurcd by one or more oth ers in the sarnpleg tested ** "H 1 Color' is thc appearanLe ofthe spet aftcr visualization -lth 1e96 H2S04 and hedting to ca 1OO ℃ forca 20 mm NII-Electronic Library Service The JapaneseSocietyJapanese Society for Plant Systematics Dcccmber2003 WANG et aL: New species ufB(voria (lichens) 103 TABLE 2. Analyses ofsome specimens ofBtyor'ia ltengduanen- barbatolic aeids in thc fbrmer and atranorin, norstic- SIS. tic and connorstictic acids in the latter (Brodo & cempounds Hawksworth 1977). Bryoria tortuosa differs by
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