Lichens of Alaska
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Supplementary Material for Nelson, P. R., B. Mccune & D. K. Swanson
Supplementary material for Nelson, P. R., B. McCune & D. K. Swanson. 2015. Lichen traits and species as indicators of vegetation and environment. The Bryologist 118(3): XX–XX. Supplementary Table S2. Trait matrix (alphabetical by species). “1” indicates a species possesses that trait. cladoniiform Filamentous Squamulose Cyano Erect Appressed 3D s branched Tripartite Fruticose Terricole Epiphyte Lignicole Saxicole p soredia lobules Foliose Simple foliose Green rawlin isida foliose Lichen Species Subspecies richly Only g Alectoria ochroleuca 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Allantoparmelia almquistii 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Allantoparmelia alpicola 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Allocetraria madreporiformis 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Anaptychia bryorum 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Arctoparmelia centrifuga 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Arctoparmelia incurva 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 Arctoparmelia separata 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Arctoparmelia subcentrifuga 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Asahinea chrysantha 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Baeomyces carneus 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Baeomyces placophyllus 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Baeomyces rufus 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Blennothallia crispa 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 Brodoa oroarctica 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Bryocaulon divergens 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Bryoria capillaris 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Bryoria chalybeiformis 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 -
The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks Bioblitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 ON THIS PAGE Photograph of BioBlitz participants conducting data entry into iNaturalist. Photograph courtesy of the National Park Service. ON THE COVER Photograph of BioBlitz participants collecting aquatic species data in the Presidio of San Francisco. Photograph courtesy of National Park Service. The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 Elizabeth Edson1, Michelle O’Herron1, Alison Forrestel2, Daniel George3 1Golden Gate Parks Conservancy Building 201 Fort Mason San Francisco, CA 94129 2National Park Service. Golden Gate National Recreation Area Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1061 Sausalito, CA 94965 3National Park Service. San Francisco Bay Area Network Inventory & Monitoring Program Manager Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1063 Sausalito, CA 94965 March 2016 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. -
Phylogeny of the Cetrarioid Core (Parmeliaceae) Based on Five
The Lichenologist 41(5): 489–511 (2009) © 2009 British Lichen Society doi:10.1017/S0024282909990090 Printed in the United Kingdom Phylogeny of the cetrarioid core (Parmeliaceae) based on five genetic markers Arne THELL, Filip HÖGNABBA, John A. ELIX, Tassilo FEUERER, Ingvar KÄRNEFELT, Leena MYLLYS, Tiina RANDLANE, Andres SAAG, Soili STENROOS, Teuvo AHTI and Mark R. D. SEAWARD Abstract: Fourteen genera belong to a monophyletic core of cetrarioid lichens, Ahtiana, Allocetraria, Arctocetraria, Cetraria, Cetrariella, Cetreliopsis, Flavocetraria, Kaernefeltia, Masonhalea, Nephromopsis, Tuckermanella, Tuckermannopsis, Usnocetraria and Vulpicida. A total of 71 samples representing 65 species (of 90 worldwide) and all type species of the genera are included in phylogentic analyses based on a complete ITS matrix and incomplete sets of group I intron, -tubulin, GAPDH and mtSSU sequences. Eleven of the species included in the study are analysed phylogenetically for the first time, and of the 178 sequences, 67 are newly constructed. Two phylogenetic trees, one based solely on the complete ITS-matrix and a second based on total information, are similar, but not entirely identical. About half of the species are gathered in a strongly supported clade composed of the genera Allocetraria, Cetraria s. str., Cetrariella and Vulpicida. Arctocetraria, Cetreliopsis, Kaernefeltia and Tuckermanella are monophyletic genera, whereas Cetraria, Flavocetraria and Tuckermannopsis are polyphyletic. The taxonomy in current use is compared with the phylogenetic results, and future, probable or potential adjustments to the phylogeny are discussed. The single non-DNA character with a strong correlation to phylogeny based on DNA-sequences is conidial shape. The secondary chemistry of the poorly known species Cetraria annae is analyzed for the first time; the cortex contains usnic acid and atranorin, whereas isonephrosterinic, nephrosterinic, lichesterinic, protolichesterinic and squamatic acids occur in the medulla. -
Genetic Variation Within and Among Populations of the Threatened Lichen Lobaria Pulmonaria in Switzerland and Implications for I
MEC820.fm Page 2049 Saturday, December 18, 1999 1:20 PM Molecular Ecology (1999) 8, 2049–2059 GeneticBlackwell Science, Ltd variation within and among populations of the threatened lichen Lobaria pulmonaria in Switzerland and implications for its conservation S. ZOLLER,* F. LUTZONI† and C. SCHEIDEGGER* *Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland, †Department of Botany, The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago IL 60605, USA Abstract The foliose epiphytic lichen Lobaria pulmonaria has suffered a significant decline in European lowlands during the last decades and therefore is considered as endangered throughout Europe. An assessment of the genetic variability is necessary to formulate biologically sound conservation recommendations for this species. We investigated the genetic diversity of the fungal symbiont of L. pulmonaria using 143 specimens sampled from six populations (two small, one medium, three large) in the lowland, the Jura Moun- tains, the pre-Alps and the Alps of Switzerland. Among all nuclear and mitochondrial regions sequenced for this study, variability was found only in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS I), with three polymorphic sites, and in the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nrLSU), with four polymorphic sites. The variable sites in the nrLSU are all located within a putative spliceosomal intron. We sequenced these two regions for 81 specimens and detected six genotypes. Two genotypes were common, two were found only in the more diverse populations and two were found only in one population each. There was no correlation between population size and genetic diversity. The highest genetic diversity was found in populations where the fungal symbiont is reproducing sexually. -
Broad-Scale Distribution of Epiphytic Hair Lichens Correlates More with Climate and Nitrogen Deposition Than with Forest Structure P.-A
1348 ARTICLE Broad-scale distribution of epiphytic hair lichens correlates more with climate and nitrogen deposition than with forest structure P.-A. Esseen, M. Ekström, B. Westerlund, K. Palmqvist, B.G. Jonsson, A. Grafström, and G. Ståhl Abstract: Hair lichens are strongly influenced by forest structure at local scales, but their broad-scale distributions are less under- stood. We compared the occurrence and length of Alectoria sarmentosa (Ach.) Ach., Bryoria spp., and Usnea spp. in the lower canopy of > 5000 Picea abies (L.) Karst. trees within the National Forest Inventory across all productive forest in Sweden. We used logistic regression to analyse how climate, nitrogen deposition, and forest variables influence lichen occurrence. Distributions overlapped, but the distribution of Bryoria was more northern and that of Usnea was more southern, with Alectoria's distribution being interme- diate. Lichen length increased towards northern regions, indicating better conditions for biomass accumulation. Logistic regression models had the highest pseudo R2 value for Bryoria, followed by Alectoria. Temperature and nitrogen deposition had higher explanatory power than precipitation and forest variables. Multiple logistic regressions suggest that lichen genera respond differently to increases in several variables. Warming decreased the odds for Bryoria occurrence at all temperatures. Corresponding odds for Alectoria and Usnea decreased in warmer climates, but in colder climates, they increased. Nitrogen addition decreased the odds for Alectoria and Usnea occurrence under high deposition, but under low deposition, the odds increased. Our analyses suggest major shifts in the broad-scale distribution of hair lichens with changes in climate, nitrogen deposition, and forest management. Key words: climate change, epiphytic lichens, forest structure, nitrogen deposition, temperature. -
The Puzzle of Lichen Symbiosis
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 1503 The puzzle of lichen symbiosis Pieces from Thamnolia IOANA ONUT, -BRÄNNSTRÖM ACTA UNIVERSITATIS UPSALIENSIS ISSN 1651-6214 ISBN 978-91-554-9887-0 UPPSALA urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-319639 2017 Dissertation presented at Uppsala University to be publicly examined in Lindhalsalen, EBC, Norbyvägen 14, Uppsala, Thursday, 1 June 2017 at 09:15 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The examination will be conducted in English. Faculty examiner: Associate Professor Anne Pringle (University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Botany). Abstract Onuț-Brännström, I. 2017. The puzzle of lichen symbiosis. Pieces from Thamnolia. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 1503. 62 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-554-9887-0. Symbiosis brought important evolutionary novelties to life on Earth. Lichens, the symbiotic entities formed by fungi, photosynthetic organisms and bacteria, represent an example of a successful adaptation in surviving hostile environments. Yet many aspects of the lichen symbiosis remain unexplored. This thesis aims at bringing insights into lichen biology and the importance of symbiosis in adaptation. I am using as model system a successful colonizer of tundra and alpine environments, the worm lichens Thamnolia, which seem to only reproduce vegetatively through symbiotic propagules. When the genetic architecture of the mating locus of the symbiotic fungal partner was analyzed with genomic and transcriptomic data, a sexual self-incompatible life style was revealed. However, a screen of the mating types ratios across natural populations detected only one of the mating types, suggesting that Thamnolia has no potential for sexual reproduction because of lack of mating partners. -
Checklist of Lichenicolous Fungi and Lichenicolous Lichens of Svalbard, Including New Species, New Records and Revisions
Herzogia 26 (2), 2013: 323 –359 323 Checklist of lichenicolous fungi and lichenicolous lichens of Svalbard, including new species, new records and revisions Mikhail P. Zhurbenko* & Wolfgang von Brackel Abstract: Zhurbenko, M. P. & Brackel, W. v. 2013. Checklist of lichenicolous fungi and lichenicolous lichens of Svalbard, including new species, new records and revisions. – Herzogia 26: 323 –359. Hainesia bryonorae Zhurb. (on Bryonora castanea), Lichenochora caloplacae Zhurb. (on Caloplaca species), Sphaerellothecium epilecanora Zhurb. (on Lecanora epibryon), and Trimmatostroma cetrariae Brackel (on Cetraria is- landica) are described as new to science. Forty four species of lichenicolous fungi (Arthonia apotheciorum, A. aspicili- ae, A. epiphyscia, A. molendoi, A. pannariae, A. peltigerina, Cercidospora ochrolechiae, C. trypetheliza, C. verrucosar- ia, Dacampia engeliana, Dactylospora aeruginosa, D. frigida, Endococcus fusiger, E. sendtneri, Epibryon conductrix, Epilichen glauconigellus, Lichenochora coppinsii, L. weillii, Lichenopeltella peltigericola, L. santessonii, Lichenostigma chlaroterae, L. maureri, Llimoniella vinosa, Merismatium decolorans, M. heterophractum, Muellerella atricola, M. erratica, Pronectria erythrinella, Protothelenella croceae, Skyttella mulleri, Sphaerellothecium parmeliae, Sphaeropezia santessonii, S. thamnoliae, Stigmidium cladoniicola, S. collematis, S. frigidum, S. leucophlebiae, S. mycobilimbiae, S. pseudopeltideae, Taeniolella pertusariicola, Tremella cetrariicola, Xenonectriella lutescens, X. ornamentata, -
Morphological Traits in Hair Lichens Affect Their Water Storage
Morphological traits in hair lichens affect their water storage Therese Olsson Student Degree Thesis in Biology 30 ECTS Master’s Level Report passed: 29 August 2014 Supervisor: Per-Anders Esseen Abstract The aim with this study was to develop a method to estimate total area of hair lichens and to compare morphological traits and water storage in them. Hair lichens are an important component of the epiphytic flora in boreal forests. Their growth is primarily regulated by available water, and light when hydrated. Lichens have no active mechanism to regulate their 2 water content and their water holding capacity (WHC, mg H2O/cm ) is thus an important factor for how long they remain wet and metabolically active. In this study, the water uptake and loss in five hair lichens (Alectoria sarmentosa, three Bryoria spp. and Usnea dasypoga) were compared. Their area were estimated by combining photography, scanning and a computer programme that estimates the area of objects. Total area overlap of individual branches was calculated for each species, to estimate total area of the lichen. WHC and specific thallus mass (STM) (mg DM/cm2) of the lichens were calculated. Bryoria spp. had a significantly lower STM compared to U. dasypoga and A. sarmentosa, due to its thinner branches and higher branch density. Bryoria also had a lower WHC compared to A. sarmentosa, promoting a rapid uptake and loss of water. All species had a significant relationship between STM and WHC, above a 1:1 line for all species except U. dasypoga. The lower relationship in U. dasypoga is explained by its less developed branching in combination with its thick branches. -
1307 Fungi Representing 1139 Infrageneric Taxa, 317 Genera and 66 Families ⇑ Jolanta Miadlikowska A, , Frank Kauff B,1, Filip Högnabba C, Jeffrey C
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79 (2014) 132–168 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families ⇑ Jolanta Miadlikowska a, , Frank Kauff b,1, Filip Högnabba c, Jeffrey C. Oliver d,2, Katalin Molnár a,3, Emily Fraker a,4, Ester Gaya a,5, Josef Hafellner e, Valérie Hofstetter a,6, Cécile Gueidan a,7, Mónica A.G. Otálora a,8, Brendan Hodkinson a,9, Martin Kukwa f, Robert Lücking g, Curtis Björk h, Harrie J.M. Sipman i, Ana Rosa Burgaz j, Arne Thell k, Alfredo Passo l, Leena Myllys c, Trevor Goward h, Samantha Fernández-Brime m, Geir Hestmark n, James Lendemer o, H. Thorsten Lumbsch g, Michaela Schmull p, Conrad L. Schoch q, Emmanuël Sérusiaux r, David R. Maddison s, A. Elizabeth Arnold t, François Lutzoni a,10, Soili Stenroos c,10 a Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0338, USA b FB Biologie, Molecular Phylogenetics, 13/276, TU Kaiserslautern, Postfach 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany c Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland d Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 358 ESC, 21 Sachem Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA e Institut für Botanik, Karl-Franzens-Universität, Holteigasse 6, A-8010 Graz, Austria f Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdan´sk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdan´sk, Poland g Science and Education, The Field Museum, 1400 S. -
Lichen Functional Trait Variation Along an East-West Climatic Gradient in Oregon and Among Habitats in Katmai National Park, Alaska
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Kaleigh Spickerman for the degree of Master of Science in Botany and Plant Pathology presented on June 11, 2015 Title: Lichen Functional Trait Variation Along an East-West Climatic Gradient in Oregon and Among Habitats in Katmai National Park, Alaska Abstract approved: ______________________________________________________ Bruce McCune Functional traits of vascular plants have been an important component of ecological studies for a number of years; however, in more recent times vascular plant ecologists have begun to formalize a set of key traits and universal system of trait measurement. Many recent studies hypothesize global generality of trait patterns, which would allow for comparison among ecosystems and biomes and provide a foundation for general rules and theories, the so-called “Holy Grail” of ecology. However, the majority of these studies focus on functional trait patterns of vascular plants, with a minority examining the patterns of cryptograms such as lichens. Lichens are an important component of many ecosystems due to their contributions to biodiversity and their key ecosystem services, such as contributions to mineral and hydrological cycles and ecosystem food webs. Lichens are also of special interest because of their reliance on atmospheric deposition for nutrients and water, which makes them particularly sensitive to air pollution. Therefore, they are often used as bioindicators of air pollution, climate change, and general ecosystem health. This thesis examines the functional trait patterns of lichens in two contrasting regions with fundamentally different kinds of data. To better understand the patterns of lichen functional traits, we examined reproductive, morphological, and chemical trait variation along precipitation and temperature gradients in Oregon. -
Lichens and Associated Fungi from Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska
The Lichenologist (2020), 52,61–181 doi:10.1017/S0024282920000079 Standard Paper Lichens and associated fungi from Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska Toby Spribille1,2,3 , Alan M. Fryday4 , Sergio Pérez-Ortega5 , Måns Svensson6, Tor Tønsberg7, Stefan Ekman6 , Håkon Holien8,9, Philipp Resl10 , Kevin Schneider11, Edith Stabentheiner2, Holger Thüs12,13 , Jan Vondrák14,15 and Lewis Sharman16 1Department of Biological Sciences, CW405, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada; 2Department of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Holteigasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; 3Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, USA; 4Herbarium, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA; 5Real Jardín Botánico (CSIC), Departamento de Micología, Calle Claudio Moyano 1, E-28014 Madrid, Spain; 6Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden; 7Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen Allégt. 41, P.O. Box 7800, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; 8Faculty of Bioscience and Aquaculture, Nord University, Box 2501, NO-7729 Steinkjer, Norway; 9NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway; 10Faculty of Biology, Department I, Systematic Botany and Mycology, University of Munich (LMU), Menzinger Straße 67, 80638 München, Germany; 11Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; 12Botany Department, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany; 13Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK; 14Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic; 15Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic and 16Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, P.O. -
Taxonomy of Bryoria Section Implexae (Parmeliaceae, Lecanoromycetes) in North America and Europe, Based on Chemical, Morphological and Molecular Data
Ann. Bot. Fennici 51: 345–371 ISSN 0003-3847 (print) ISSN 1797-2442 (online) Helsinki 22 September 2014 © Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board 2014 Taxonomy of Bryoria section Implexae (Parmeliaceae, Lecanoromycetes) in North America and Europe, based on chemical, morphological and molecular data Saara Velmala1,*, Leena Myllys1, Trevor Goward2, Håkon Holien3 & Pekka Halonen4 1) Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 7, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland (*corresponding author’s e-mail: [email protected]) 2) UBC Herbarium, Beaty Museum, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada (mailing address: Enlichened Consulting Ltd., 5369 Clearwater Valley Road, Upper Clearwater, BC V0E 1N1, Canada) 3) Nord-Trøndelag University College, Serviceboks 2501, N-7729 Steinkjer, Norway 4) Botanical Museum, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland Received 31 Jan. 2014, final version received 13 June 2014, accepted 18 June 2014 Velmala, S., Myllys, L., Goward, T., Holien, H. & Halonen, P. 2014: Taxonomy of Bryoria section Implexae (Parmeliaceae, Lecanoromycetes) in North America and Europe, based on chemical, morphological and molecular data. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 51: 345–371. Ninety-seven ingroup specimens of Bryoria section Implexae (Parmeliaceae, Leca- noromycetes) were studied using molecular, chemical, morphological and geographic characters. The molecular data included nuclear ribosomal markers (ITS, IGS) and the partial glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene. In addition to par- simony analyses, a haplotype network was constructed. Phylogenetic analyses strongly supported the monophyly of the section Implexae. The specimens were grouped into two monophyletic clades. Clade 1 encompassed all esorediate material from North America, whereas Clade 2 included both sorediate North American material and all European material.