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Opuscula Philolichenum, 6: 87-120. 2009

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Opuscula Philolichenum, 6: 87–120. 2009. Lichenicolous fungi and some lichens from the Holarctic 1 MIKHAIL P. ZHURBENKO ABSTRACT. – 102 species of lichenicolous fungi and 23 lichens are reported, mainly from the Russian Arctic. Four new taxa are described: Clypeococcum bisporum (on Cetraria and Flavocetraria), Echinodiscus kozhevnikovii (on Cetraria), Stigmidium hafellneri (on Flavocetraria) and Gypsoplaca macrophylla f. blastidiata. The following lichenicolous fungi are reported for the first time from North America: Monodictys fuliginosa, Stigmidium microcarpum and Trichosphaeria lichenum. The following lichenicolous fungi and lichens are reported as new to Asia: Arthonia almquistii, Arthophacopsis parmeliarum, Cercidospora lobothalliae, Clypeococcum placopsiphilum, Dactylospora cf. aeruginosa, D. frigida, Epicladonia sandstedei, Everniicola flexispora, Hypogymnia fistulosa, Lecanora luteovernalis, Lecanographa rinodinae, Lichenochora mediterraneae, Lichenopeltella peltigericola, Lichenopuccinia poeltii, Lichenosticta alcicornaria, Phoma cytospora, Polycoccum ventosicola, Roselliniopsis gelidaria, R. ventosa, Sclerococcum gelidarum, Scoliciosporum intrusum, Stigmidium croceae, S. mycobilimbiae, S. stygnospilum, S. superpositum, Taeniolella diederichiana, Thelocarpon impressellum and Zwackhiomyces macrosporus. Twenty-eight species are new to Russia, 15 new to the Arctic, five new to Mongolia and nine new to Alaska. Twenty lichen genera and 31 species are new hosts for various species of lichenicolous fungi. INTRODUCTION This paper deals chiefly with lichenicolous fungi of the Russian Arctic and thus continues the previous publications on the subject (mainly: Zhurbenko & Santesson 1996, Zhurbenko 2008a). The results of this study will be particularly helpful to those studying lichenicolous fungi of arctic regions that have been poorly explored and collected, such as North America, because many species likely have wide distributions reflecting the circumpolar distributions of their hosts. In addition to new and interesting reports of lichenicolous fungi data pertaining to some interesting lichen finds are also included. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lichenicolous fungi were specifically searched for on the following hosts: parmelioid and cetrarioid lichens, Arthrorhaphis, Baeomyces, Biatora, Brigantiaea, Bryocaulon, Bryodina, Bryonora, Bryoria, Buellia, Caloplaca, Candelariella, Catapyrenium, Dermatocarpon, Diploschistes, Fulgensia, Hypogymnia, Lecidoma, Lepraria, Lobaria, Lobothallia, Lopadium, Megaspora, Micarea, Mycobilimbia, Mycobilimbia, Nephroma, Ophioparma, Phaeorrhiza, Placopsis, Placynthium, Polyblastia, Protoblastenia, Protoparmelia, Psora, Solorina crocea, and Toninia. In total about 500 specimens of lichenicolous fungi and lichens were studied. Most of specimens are housed in LE, however additional specimens in the following herbaria were also examined: M, TUR, herb. Diederich and herb. Zhurbenko. The material was examined and photographed using Zeiss microscopes Stemi 2000–CS and Axio Imager A1 equipped with Nomarski differential interference contrast optics. Microscopical examination was done in water, 10 % KOH (K), phloxin (1% in water), lactophenol cotton blue (LCB), Melzer’s reagent 1 MIKHAIL P. ZHURBENKO – Lab. of the Systematics and Geography of Fungi, Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Popov 2, St.-Petersburg, 197376, Russia. – e–mail: [email protected] 87 (MLZ), Lugol’s iodine, directly (I) or after a KOH pre–treatment (K/I), Brilliant Cresyl blue (BCr) or Congo red (CR) solutions. The length, breadth and length/breadth ratio (l/b) of asci and ascospores are given as: (min–){ X –SD}–{ X +SD}(–max), where min and max are the extreme values, X the arithmetic mean, and SD the corresponding standard deviation. Microscopical measurements were made in water, unless otherwise indicated. Sizes of asci were rounded to the nearest 1 μm, those of ascospores to the nearest 0.5 μm. Terms for simple plane shapes and colors mostly follow Stearn (1992: 539) and Petersen (1996), respectively. Authors of host lichens are omitted. CATALOGUE Abbreviations: ap. – apothecia, Is. – Island, M. Z. – M. Zhurbenko, Mt(s). – Mountain(s), Pen. – Peninsula, th. – thallus. Lichens are designated by “*”. 1. Abrothallus cladoniae R. Sant. & D. Hawksw. NOTES. – Apothecia convex to applanate, constricted at the base, sessile, dark sepia to blackish, epruinose, up to 0.25 mm diam. Epithecium olive–brown, K+ blue–green; hypothecium dark olive–brown. Ascospores pale to medium olive–brown, soleiform, 1–septate, constricted at the septum, easily disintegrating into 2 cells, (6–)6.5–8.5(–9) × 3–3.5(–4) µm (n=21), finely verruculose, overlapping biseriate in the ascus. Pathogenic effect not observed. The specimen slightly differs from the protologue of Abrothallus cladoniae (Hawksworth 1990), where its apothecia are said to often be shortly stipitate and densely green pruinose, hypothecium brown, ascospores 7–11 × 3–4.5 µm and the fungus is said to decolorize podetia of Cladonia (Hawksworth 1990). New to Alaska. SPECIMEN EXAMINED. – U.S.A. ALASKA.: Kobuk Valley Wilderness, 67°07’N, 159°03’W, alt. 50 m, Picea glauca forest, on Cladonia pyxidata (podetia), 8.viii.2000, M. Z. 00457 (LE 233620). 2. Abrothallus parmeliarum (Sommerf.) Arnold NOTES. – Abrothallus parmeliarum has often been considered to be restricted to Parmelia s. str. (e. g., see Hafellner 1998, Diederich 2003). However, according to Ave Suja (pers. comm.), this species has a wider host range. Ascospores of specimens on Parmelia are (12–)13–17(–19) × (5–)5.5–7(–8) μm (n= 61) and those on Asahinea are (13–)14.5–17(–20) × (4.5–)5.5–7(–8) μm (n=28). Asahinea is a new host genus for Abrothallus it is also the first report of a lichenicolous fungus on Asahinea. SPECIMENS EXAMINED. – RUSSIA. MURMANSK REGION: Tumannyi, 69°01’N, 35°48’E, alt. 150 m, sparse Betula forest, on Melanohalea septentrionalis (on galls induced by Phacopsis oxyspora), 19.viii.1997, M. Z. 97343:a (LE 233260:a); Kolvitsa, 67°05’N, 32°59’E, on boulder among meadow, on Parmelia saxatilis (th.), 12.viii.1975, A. Dombrovskaya (LE 233270). YAMAL PEN.: Neromayakha River, 70°10’N, 69°10’E, tundra, on P. omphalodes ssp. glacialis (th.), 16.vii.1990, O. Khitun (LE 233380). TAIMYR PEN.: Dikson Is., 73°30’N, 80°20’E, alt. 30 m, boulder field in tundra, on P. omphalodes ssp. glacialis (th.), 7.vii.1990, M. Z. 90368:b (LE 207697:b); Bol’shaya Bootankaga River, 74°17’N, 98°04’E, stony tundra, on Asahinea scholanderi (th.), 8.vii.1991, V. Kuvaev (LE 233021); S of Levinson–Lessing Lake, 74°24’N, 98°46’E, alt. 100 m, tundra, on A. scholanderi (th.), 29.vii.1995, M. Z. 95339 (LE 232972); S of Levinson–Lessing Lake, 74°24’N, 98°46’E, alt. 50 m, tundra, on P. sulcata (th.), 31.vii.1995, M. Z. 95351 (LE 233309); Bikada River, 74°50’N, 106°30’E, tundra, on P. omphalodes (th.), vii.1989, E. Pospelova (LE 233159). YAKUTIYA: Lena River delta, Cape Krest–Tumsa, 72°22’N, 126°42’E, alt. 50 m, tundra, on P. omphalodes (th.), 4.viii. 1998, M. Z. 98292 (LE 233239); Laptev Sea coast, Tiksi, 71°37’N, 128°51’E, alt. 100 m, tundra, on P. omphalodes (th.), 18.vii.1998, M. Z. 98293 (LE 233229). CHUKOTKA: Lavrentiya Bay, 65°35’N, 171°00’W, boulder field in tundra, on P. omphalodes (th.), 29.vii.1973, I. Makarova (LE 233269:a); Bezymyannoe Lake, 66°39’N, 176°40’E, stony tundra, on P. omphalodes (th.), 9.vii.1979, I. Makarova (LE 233179). ALTAI: Seminskii Pass, 51°05’N, 85°39’E, alt. 1350 m, coniferous forest, on P. sulcata (th.), 16.viii.2008, E. Popov (LE 247850). 3. Abrothallus prodiens (Harm.) Diederich & Hafellner NOTE. – Previously known in Siberia, and probably Asia, only from vicinities of Khanty–Mansiisk (Vainio 1928). 88 SPECIMEN EXAMINED. – RUSSIA. WESTERN SIBERIA: Verkhnii Taz Upland, Ratta River, 63°30’N, 83°55’E, alt. 100 m, Pinus forest, on Hypogymnia physodes (th.), 7.viii.1997, A. Dobrysh (LE 233167). 4. Arthonia almquistii Vain. NOTE. – Causes local discoloration of the host tissues. New to Asia. SPECIMEN EXAMINED. – RUSSIA. CHUKOTKA: Puoten Bay, 65°50’N, 170°30’W, stony tundra, on Amygdalaria panaeola (th.), 23.vii.1972, I. Makarova (LE 232861). 5. Arthonia cf. epiphyscia Nyl. NOTES. – Causes local discoloration of the host tissues. New to Asia. SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Both specimens on Phaeorrhiza sareptana var. sphaerocarpa (th., sometimes ap.). –RUSSIA. YAKUTIYA: junction of Indigirka and In’yali Rivers, 65°10’N, 143°10’E, alt. 450 m, steppe–like vegetation among Larix forest, 17.vi.1976, I. Makarova (LE 233202:a). CHUKOTKA: Enmyvaam River, 68°15’N, 166°03’E, tundra, 30.vi.1980, I. Makarova (LE 233232). 6. Arthonia excentrica Th. Fr. NOTES. – Sometimes induces gall–like swellings of the host thallus. All specimens in tundra on thalli of unidentified species of Lepraria, unless otherwise indicated. SPECIMENS EXAMINED. – MURMANSK REGION Barents Sea coast, Dal'nie Zelentsy, 69°07’N, 36°05’E, alt. 10 m, boulder field, on Lepraria neglecta group, 22.vii.1997, M. Z. 97348 (LE 233278); Shel’pino Bay of Barents Sea, 69°05’N, 36°12’E, alt. 10 m, coastal cliffs, 4.ix.1997, M. Z. 97350 (LE 233289); Barents Sea coast at Olenka River mouth, 69°02’N, 36°24’E, alt. 50 m, 6.ix.1997, M. Z. 97351 (LE 233268). TAIMYR PEN.: N of Levinson–Lessing Lake, 74°31’N, 98°36’E, alt. 200–300 m, 22.vii.1995, M. Z. 95364 (LE 233224); 24.vii.1995, M. Z. 95359 (LE 233307); 25.vii.1995, M. Z. 95358:b (LE 233257:b); S of Levinson–Lessing Lake, 74°24’N, 98°46’E, alt. 100–250 m, 28.vii. 1995, M. Z. 95363 (LE 233196); 29.vii.1995, M. Z. 95368 (LE 233187); 28.viii.1995, M. Z. 95362 (LE 233157), M. Z. 95367 (LE 233197); NW coast of Pyasino Lake, 70°00’N, 87°30’E, alt. 80 m, boulder field, on L. neglecta group, 24.vii.1983, M. Z. 83108 (LE 233318). YAKUTIYA: Lena River delta, Amerika–Khaya hill, 72°35’N, 126°18’E, alt. 50 m, 23.vii.1998, Yu. Cherkasova (LE 233327); 30.vii.1998, M. Z. 98295 (LE 233337); same delta, Cape Krest–Tumsa, 72°22’N, 126°42’E, alt.
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    Phytotaxa 18: 1–127 (2011) ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ Monograph PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2011 Magnolia Press ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) PHYTOTAXA 18 One hundred new species of lichenized fungi: a signature of undiscovered global diversity H. THORSTEN LUMBSCH1*, TEUVO AHTI2, SUSANNE ALTERMANN3, GUILLERMO AMO DE PAZ4, ANDRÉ APTROOT5, ULF ARUP6, ALEJANDRINA BÁRCENAS PEÑA7, PAULINA A. BAWINGAN8, MICHEL N. BENATTI9, LUISA BETANCOURT10, CURTIS R. BJÖRK11, KANSRI BOONPRAGOB12, MAARTEN BRAND13, FRANK BUNGARTZ14, MARCELA E. S. CÁCERES15, MEHTMET CANDAN16, JOSÉ LUIS CHAVES17, PHILIPPE CLERC18, RALPH COMMON19, BRIAN J. COPPINS20, ANA CRESPO4, MANUELA DAL-FORNO21, PRADEEP K. DIVAKAR4, MELIZAR V. DUYA22, JOHN A. ELIX23, ARVE ELVEBAKK24, JOHNATHON D. FANKHAUSER25, EDIT FARKAS26, LIDIA ITATÍ FERRARO27, EBERHARD FISCHER28, DAVID J. GALLOWAY29, ESTER GAYA30, MIREIA GIRALT31, TREVOR GOWARD32, MARTIN GRUBE33, JOSEF HAFELLNER33, JESÚS E. HERNÁNDEZ M.34, MARÍA DE LOS ANGELES HERRERA CAMPOS7, KLAUS KALB35, INGVAR KÄRNEFELT6, GINTARAS KANTVILAS36, DOROTHEE KILLMANN28, PAUL KIRIKA37, KERRY KNUDSEN38, HARALD KOMPOSCH39, SERGEY KONDRATYUK40, JAMES D. LAWREY21, ARMIN MANGOLD41, MARCELO P. MARCELLI9, BRUCE MCCUNE42, MARIA INES MESSUTI43, ANDREA MICHLIG27, RICARDO MIRANDA GONZÁLEZ7, BIBIANA MONCADA10, ALIFERETI NAIKATINI44, MATTHEW P. NELSEN1, 45, DAG O. ØVSTEDAL46, ZDENEK PALICE47, KHWANRUAN PAPONG48, SITTIPORN PARNMEN12, SERGIO PÉREZ-ORTEGA4, CHRISTIAN PRINTZEN49, VÍCTOR J. RICO4, EIMY RIVAS PLATA1, 50, JAVIER ROBAYO51, DANIA ROSABAL52, ULRIKE RUPRECHT53, NORIS SALAZAR ALLEN54, LEOPOLDO SANCHO4, LUCIANA SANTOS DE JESUS15, TAMIRES SANTOS VIEIRA15, MATTHIAS SCHULTZ55, MARK R. D. SEAWARD56, EMMANUËL SÉRUSIAUX57, IMKE SCHMITT58, HARRIE J. M. SIPMAN59, MOHAMMAD SOHRABI 2, 60, ULRIK SØCHTING61, MAJBRIT ZEUTHEN SØGAARD61, LAURENS B. SPARRIUS62, ADRIANO SPIELMANN63, TOBY SPRIBILLE33, JUTARAT SUTJARITTURAKAN64, ACHRA THAMMATHAWORN65, ARNE THELL6, GÖRAN THOR66, HOLGER THÜS67, EINAR TIMDAL68, CAMILLE TRUONG18, ROMAN TÜRK69, LOENGRIN UMAÑA TENORIO17, DALIP K.
  • Lichens and Associated Fungi from Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska

    Lichens and Associated Fungi from Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska

    The Lichenologist (2020), 52,61–181 doi:10.1017/S0024282920000079 Standard Paper Lichens and associated fungi from Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska Toby Spribille1,2,3 , Alan M. Fryday4 , Sergio Pérez-Ortega5 , Måns Svensson6, Tor Tønsberg7, Stefan Ekman6 , Håkon Holien8,9, Philipp Resl10 , Kevin Schneider11, Edith Stabentheiner2, Holger Thüs12,13 , Jan Vondrák14,15 and Lewis Sharman16 1Department of Biological Sciences, CW405, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada; 2Department of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Holteigasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; 3Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, USA; 4Herbarium, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA; 5Real Jardín Botánico (CSIC), Departamento de Micología, Calle Claudio Moyano 1, E-28014 Madrid, Spain; 6Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden; 7Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen Allégt. 41, P.O. Box 7800, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; 8Faculty of Bioscience and Aquaculture, Nord University, Box 2501, NO-7729 Steinkjer, Norway; 9NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway; 10Faculty of Biology, Department I, Systematic Botany and Mycology, University of Munich (LMU), Menzinger Straße 67, 80638 München, Germany; 11Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; 12Botany Department, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany; 13Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK; 14Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic; 15Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic and 16Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve, P.O.
  • Lichens and Allied Fungi of the Indiana Forest Alliance

    Lichens and Allied Fungi of the Indiana Forest Alliance

    2017. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science 126(2):129–152 LICHENS AND ALLIED FUNGI OF THE INDIANA FOREST ALLIANCE ECOBLITZ AREA, BROWN AND MONROE COUNTIES, INDIANA INCORPORATED INTO A REVISED CHECKLIST FOR THE STATE OF INDIANA James C. Lendemer: Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458-5126 USA ABSTRACT. Based upon voucher collections, 108 lichen species are reported from the Indiana Forest Alliance Ecoblitz area, a 900 acre unit in Morgan-Monroe and Yellowwood State Forests, Brown and Monroe Counties, Indiana. The lichen biota of the study area was characterized as: i) dominated by species with green coccoid photobionts (80% of taxa); ii) comprised of 49% species that reproduce primarily with lichenized diaspores vs. 44% that reproduce primarily through sexual ascospores; iii) comprised of 65% crustose taxa, 29% foliose taxa, and 6% fruticose taxa; iv) one wherein many species are rare (e.g., 55% of species were collected fewer than three times) and fruticose lichens other than Cladonia were entirely absent; and v) one wherein cyanolichens were poorly represented, comprising only three species. Taxonomic diversity ranged from 21 to 56 species per site, with the lowest diversity sites concentrated in riparian corridors and the highest diversity sites on ridges. Low Gap Nature Preserve, located within the study area, was found to have comparable species richness to areas outside the nature preserve, although many species rare in the study area were found only outside preserve boundaries. Sets of rare species are delimited and discussed, as are observations as to the overall low abundance of lichens on corticolous substrates and the presence of many unhealthy foliose lichens on mature tree boles.
  • <I> Lecanoromycetes</I> of Lichenicolous Fungi Associated With

    <I> Lecanoromycetes</I> of Lichenicolous Fungi Associated With

    Persoonia 39, 2017: 91–117 ISSN (Online) 1878-9080 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2017.39.05 Phylogenetic placement within Lecanoromycetes of lichenicolous fungi associated with Cladonia and some other genera R. Pino-Bodas1,2, M.P. Zhurbenko3, S. Stenroos1 Key words Abstract Though most of the lichenicolous fungi belong to the Ascomycetes, their phylogenetic placement based on molecular data is lacking for numerous species. In this study the phylogenetic placement of 19 species of cladoniicolous species lichenicolous fungi was determined using four loci (LSU rDNA, SSU rDNA, ITS rDNA and mtSSU). The phylogenetic Pilocarpaceae analyses revealed that the studied lichenicolous fungi are widespread across the phylogeny of Lecanoromycetes. Protothelenellaceae One species is placed in Acarosporales, Sarcogyne sphaerospora; five species in Dactylosporaceae, Dactylo­ Scutula cladoniicola spora ahtii, D. deminuta, D. glaucoides, D. parasitica and Dactylospora sp.; four species belong to Lecanorales, Stictidaceae Lichenosticta alcicorniaria, Epicladonia simplex, E. stenospora and Scutula epiblastematica. The genus Epicladonia Stictis cladoniae is polyphyletic and the type E. sandstedei belongs to Leotiomycetes. Phaeopyxis punctum and Bachmanniomyces uncialicola form a well supported clade in the Ostropomycetidae. Epigloea soleiformis is related to Arthrorhaphis and Anzina. Four species are placed in Ostropales, Corticifraga peltigerae, Cryptodiscus epicladonia, C. galaninae and C. cladoniicola
  • A Multigene Phylogenetic Synthesis for the Class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 Fungi Representing 1139 Infrageneric Taxa, 317 Genera and 66 Families

    A Multigene Phylogenetic Synthesis for the Class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 Fungi Representing 1139 Infrageneric Taxa, 317 Genera and 66 Families

    A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families Miadlikowska, J., Kauff, F., Högnabba, F., Oliver, J. C., Molnár, K., Fraker, E., ... & Stenroos, S. (2014). A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 79, 132-168. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003 Elsevier Version of Record http://cdss.library.oregonstate.edu/sa-termsofuse Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79 (2014) 132–168 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families ⇑ Jolanta Miadlikowska a, , Frank Kauff b,1, Filip Högnabba c, Jeffrey C. Oliver d,2, Katalin Molnár a,3, Emily Fraker a,4, Ester Gaya a,5, Josef Hafellner e, Valérie Hofstetter a,6, Cécile Gueidan a,7, Mónica A.G. Otálora a,8, Brendan Hodkinson a,9, Martin Kukwa f, Robert Lücking g, Curtis Björk h, Harrie J.M. Sipman i, Ana Rosa Burgaz j, Arne Thell k, Alfredo Passo l, Leena Myllys c, Trevor Goward h, Samantha Fernández-Brime m, Geir Hestmark n, James Lendemer o, H. Thorsten Lumbsch g, Michaela Schmull p, Conrad L. Schoch q, Emmanuël Sérusiaux r, David R. Maddison s, A. Elizabeth Arnold t, François Lutzoni a,10,