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Identifiant National : 040030040) Date d'édition : 05/07/2018 https://inpn.mnhn.fr/zone/znieff/040030040 Ravine de la Grande Chaloupe (Identifiant national : 040030040) (ZNIEFF Continentale de type 1) (Identifiant régional : 00000026) La citation de référence de cette fiche doit se faire comme suite : HOARAU C. ; PHILIPPE J.S. (Biotope Océan Indien), .- 040030040, Ravine de la Grande Chaloupe. - INPN, SPN-MNHN Paris, 56P. https://inpn.mnhn.fr/zone/znieff/040030040.pdf Région en charge de la zone : Réunion Rédacteur(s) :HOARAU C. ; PHILIPPE J.S. (Biotope Océan Indien) Centroïde calculé : °-° Dates de validation régionale et nationale Date de premier avis CSRPN : 22/11/2013 Date actuelle d'avis CSRPN : 22/11/2013 Date de première diffusion INPN : 01/01/1900 Date de dernière diffusion INPN : 18/06/2014 1. DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................... 2 2. CRITERES D'INTERET DE LA ZONE ........................................................................................... 4 3. CRITERES DE DELIMITATION DE LA ZONE .............................................................................. 4 4. FACTEUR INFLUENCANT L'EVOLUTION DE LA ZONE ............................................................. 4 5. BILAN DES CONNAISSANCES - EFFORTS DES PROSPECTIONS ........................................... 5 6. HABITATS ...................................................................................................................................... 5 7. ESPECES ....................................................................................................................................... 7 8. LIENS ESPECES ET HABITATS ................................................................................................. 56 9. SOURCES .................................................................................................................................... 56 -1/ 58 - Date d'édition : 05/07/2018 https://inpn.mnhn.fr/zone/znieff/040030040 1. DESCRIPTION 1.1 Localisation administrative - Département : Réunion - Commune : Possession (INSEE : 97408) - Commune : Saint-Denis (INSEE : 97411) 1.2 Superficie 724,32 hectares 1.3 Altitude Minimale (mètre): 10 Maximale (mètre): 1210 1.4 Liaisons écologiques avec d'autres ZNIEFF Non renseigné 1.5 Commentaire général Faciès de ravine à forte pente. Reliques de forêt semi-sèche (un des milieux les plus rares à La Réunion). Certaines zones sont bien conservées. La ZNIEFF a connu depuis ces dernières années un effort de prospection plus important ayant permis une meilleure connaissance de sa composition floristique et faunistique. Site très riche où tous les compartiments écologiques sont réunis. Présence d'espèces végétales rares à très rares (Erythroxylum hypericifolium, Foetidia mauritiana, Fernelia buxifolia, Obetia ficifolia, Ruizia cordata, Erythroxylum sideroxyloides, Sideroxylon majus). Présence d'orchidées et de ptéridophytes rares (Asplenium inaequilaterale, Actiniopteris australis, Pellaea angulosa, Bulbophyllum clavatum, Jumellea recurva). Faune très diversifiée et nombreuse (oiseaux, chiroptères, poissons, reptiles et invertébrés dont des odonates et des lépidoptères). Présence de sites de nidification d'oiseaux marins (Puffin de Baillon, Puffin du Pacifique, Paille en queue). 1.6 Compléments descriptifs 1.6.1 Mesures de protection - Terrain acquis par le Conservatoire du Littoral - Périmètre d'acquisition approuvé par le Conservatoire de l'Espace Littoral - Terrain acquis par un département Commentaire sur les mesures de protection -2/ 58 - Date d'édition : 05/07/2018 https://inpn.mnhn.fr/zone/znieff/040030040 100 % de la ZNIEFF est concerné par le SAR 2011 en tant qu'espaces naturels de protection forte dont 65 % est classé en tant qu'espaces remarquables du littoral à préserver (Falaises Littorales de la Montagne). 94 % de la ZNIEFF est concerné par un zonage réglementaire des espaces naturels. Une zone est gérée par la TDENS (ENS Chemin des Anglais). 1.6.2 Activités humaines - Chasse - Tourisme et loisirs - Habitat dispersé - Urbanisation discontinue, agglomération - Activités militaires - Gestion conservatoire Commentaire sur les activités humaines Gestion du milieu dans le cadre de restauration d'habitats naturels indigènes (Life + / ENS / CELRL). Gestion du milieu naturel : FORET DEPARTEMENTO-DOMANIALE DE LA ROCHE ECRITE ENS Chemin des Anglais ENS Terrain Fleurié / Grande Chaloupe ENS Grande Chaloupe Propriété du CONSERVATOIRE DU LITTORAL DE LA GRANDE CHALOUPE 1.6.3 Géomorphologie - Ruisseau, torrent - Talweg - Eboulis - Escarpement, versant pentu - Grotte Commentaire sur la géomorphologie Risque de mouvements de terrain. 1.6.4 Statut de propriété - Domaine départemental - Domaine public départemental - Domaine de l'état - Domaine public de l'état - Domaine public maritime -3/ 58 - Date d'édition : 05/07/2018 https://inpn.mnhn.fr/zone/znieff/040030040 Commentaire sur le statut de propriété aucun commentaire 2. CRITERES D'INTERET DE LA ZONE Patrimoniaux Fonctionnels Complémentaires - Ecologique - Auto-épuration des eaux - Paysager - Faunistique - Fonction d'habitat pour les - Géomorphologique - Poissons populations animales ou végétales - Scientifique - Reptiles - Fonctions de régulation hydraulique - Oiseaux - Fonctions de protection du milieu - Mammifères physique - Autre Faune (préciser) - Role naturel de protection contre - Insectes l'érosion des sols - Floristique - Zone particulière d'alimentation - Ptéridophytes - Phanérogames Commentaire sur les intèrêts aucun commentaire 3. CRITERES DE DELIMITATION DE LA ZONE - Répartition des espèces (faune, flore) - Répartition et agencement des habitats - Fonctionnement et relation d'écosystèmes - Contraintes du milieu physique Commentaire sur les critères de délimitation de la zone - 4. FACTEURS INFLUENCANT L'EVOLUTION DE LA ZONE Facteur d'évolution Effet négatif Effet significatif Réalité de l'impact Erosions Intérieur Indéterminé Potentiel Incendies Intérieur Indéterminé Potentiel Envahissement d'une espèce ou d'un groupe Intérieur Indéterminé Réel Prédation Intérieur Indéterminé Réel Compétition Intérieur Indéterminé Réel Impact d'herbivores Intérieur Indéterminé Réel Commentaire sur les facteurs -4/ 58 - Date d'édition : 05/07/2018 https://inpn.mnhn.fr/zone/znieff/040030040 Milieu très anthropisé. Emprise forte de l'agriculture ou de l'urbanisation au niveau des crêtes de rempart. Invasion importante par des espèces exotiques envahissantes (Litsea glutinosa, Rubus alceifolius, Lantana camara, Schinus terebinthifolius, Furcraea foetida, Leucaena leucocephala, …). Pour rappel, les invasions biologiques constituent la première cause de disparition des milieux naturels en contexte insulaire. Risque d'incendies (forêt sèche) et d'érosion. Coupe d'arbres, pâturage divaguant (cabris), braconnage dont écorçage. 5. BILANS DES CONNAISSANCES - EFFORTS DES PROSPECTIONS 5.1 Espèces Nulle Faible Moyen Bon - Algues - Bryophytes - Mammifères - Amphibiens - Mollusques - Lichens - Autre Faunes - Crustacés - Oiseaux - Arachnides - Phanérogames - Myriapodes - Poissons - Orthoptères - Ptéridophytes - Coléoptères - Reptiles - Diptères - Odonates - Hyménoptères - Lépidoptères - Autres ordres d'Hexapodes - Hémiptères - Ascomycètes - Basidiomycètes - Autres Fonges 5.2 Habitats 6. HABITATS 6.1 Habitats déterminants Habitats de La Réunion Source Surface (%) Observation R49.113 25 Forêt hygrophile de moyenne altitude, sous le vent (700-1100 m) (Réunion) R49.211 10 Bosquets de forêt semi-sèche de basse altitude sur forte pente (0-200 m) (Réunion) R62.911 Falaises er rochers de basse altitude (Réunion) R49.312 10 Forêt de montagne sous le vent (Réunion) R49.212 55 Reliques de forêt semi-sèches sur crête ou forte pente (200-600 m) (Réunion) 6.2 Habitats autres Non renseigné -5/ 58 - Date d'édition : 05/07/2018 https://inpn.mnhn.fr/zone/znieff/040030040 6.3 Habitats périphériques Non renseigné 6.4 Commentaire sur les habitats Habitats indigènes présentant un bon état de conservation (5 %). Habitats indigènes présentant un état de conservation dégradé (95 %). -6/ 58 - Date d'édition : 05/07/2018 https://inpn.mnhn.fr/zone/znieff/040030040 7. ESPECES 7.1 Espèces déterminantes Code Nomm Effectif Effectif Année/ Nom scientifique Statut(s) Degré Groupe Espèce vernaculaire Sources inférieur supérieur Période de l'espèce biologique(s) d'abondance (CD_NOM) de l'espèce estimé estimé d'observation Bibliographie : Cynapes lineatus Reproduction 714642 ROCHAT J., STAMENOFF P., GASNIER S. & 2009 (Vinson, 1863) indéterminée POUSSEREAU J. Heliophanus Bibliographie : Reproduction 822992 excentricus ROCHAT J., STAMENOFF P., GASNIER S. & 2009 indéterminée Ledoux, 2007 POUSSEREAU J. Arachnides Lophostica Bibliographie : Reproduction 822970 mauriciana ROCHAT J., STAMENOFF P., GASNIER S. & 2009 indéterminée Simon, 1902 POUSSEREAU J. Bibliographie : Sadies castanea Reproduction 822965 ROCHAT J., STAMENOFF P., GASNIER S. & 2009 Ledoux, 2007 indéterminée POUSSEREAU J. Atyoida serrata Crevette Reproduction Bibliographie : Crustacés 418785 (Spence 2011 Bouledogue indéterminée FEDERATION DE PECHE Bate, 1888) Bibliographie : Achaea klugii Reproduction 458039 ROCHAT J., STAMENOFF P., GASNIER S. & 2009 (Boisduval, 1833) indéterminée POUSSEREAU J. Achaea leucopasa Reproduction Bibliographie : 458040 1990 (Walker, 1858) indéterminée GUILLERMET C. Anomis alluaudi Reproduction Bibliographie : 458060 1992 Lépidoptères Viette, 1965 indéterminée GUILLERMET C. Antanartia Bibliographie : borbonica Reproduction 458472 ROCHAT J.,
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