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Highlights Se- Mathematics and Engineering— the Lead Signers of the Letter Exhibit
June 2003 NEWS Volume 12, No.6 A Publication of The American Physical Society http://www.aps.org/apsnews Nobel Laureates, Industry Leaders Petition April Meeting Prizes & Awards President to Boost Science and Technology Prizes and Awards were presented to seven- Sixteen Nobel Laureates in that “unless remedied, will affect call for “a Presidential initiative for teen recipients at the Physics and sixteen industry lead- our scientific and technological FY 2005, following on from your April meeting in Philadel- ers have written to President leadership, thereby affecting our budget of FY 2004, and focusing phia. George W. Bush to urge increas- economy and national security.” on the long-term research portfo- After the ceremony, ing funding for physical sciences, The letter, which is dated April lios of DOE, NASA, and the recipients and their environmental sciences, math- 14th, also indicates that “the Department of Commerce, in ad- guests gathered at the ematics, computer science and growth in expert personnel dition to NSF and NIH,” that, Franklin Institute for a engineering. abroad, combined with the di- “would turn around a decade-long special reception. The letter, reinforcing a recent minishing numbers of Americans decline that endangers the future Photo Credit: Stacy Edmonds of Edmonds Photography Council of Advisors on Science and entering the physical sciences, of our nation.” The top photo shows four of the five women recipients in front of a space-suit Technology report, highlights se- mathematics and engineering— The lead signers of the letter exhibit. They are (l to r): Geralyn “Sam” Zeller (Tanaka Award); Chung-Pei rious funding problems in the an unhealthy trend—is leading were Burton Richter, director Michele Ma (Maria-Goeppert Mayer Award); Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat physical sciences and related fields corporations to locate more of emeritus of SLAC, and Craig (Heineman Prize); and Helen Edwards (Wilson Prize). -
Methods for Cancellation of Apparent Cerenkov Radiation Arising From
University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Theses and Dissertations Summer 2020 Methods for Cancellation of Apparent Cerenkov Radiation Arising From SME Models and Separability of Schrödinger’s Equation Using Exotic Potentials in Parabolic Coordinates Richard Henry DeCosta Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd Part of the Physics Commons Recommended Citation DeCosta, R. H.(2020). Methods for Cancellation of Apparent Cerenkov Radiation Arising From SME Models and Separability of Schrödinger’s Equation Using Exotic Potentials in Parabolic Coordinates. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/6003 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you by Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Methods For Cancellation Of Apparent Cerenkov Radiation Arising From SME Models And Separability Of Schrödinger’s Equation Using Exotic Potentials In Parabolic Coordinates by Richard Henry DeCosta Associate of Arts Clinton Community College Bachelor of Arts Plattsburgh State University Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Physics College of Arts and Sciences University of South Carolina 2020 Accepted by: Brett Altschul, Major Professor Matthias Schindler, Committee Member Scott Crittenden, Committee Member Daniel Dix, Committee Member Cheryl L. Addy, Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School © Copyright by Richard Henry DeCosta, 2020 All Rights Reserved. ii Abstract In an attempt to merge the two prominent areas of physics: The Standard Model and General Relativity, there have been many theories for the underlying physics that may lead to Lorentz- and CPT-symmetry violations. -
Neutrino Oscillations in the Early Universe with Nonequilibrium Neutrino Distributions
PHYSICAL REVIE% D VOLUME 52, NUMBER 6 15 SEPTEMBER 1995 Neutrino oscillations in the early Universe with nonequilibrium neutrino distributions V. Alan Kostelecky Physics Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana $7405 Stuart Samuel* Maz Plan-ck Inst-itut fur Physik, Werner Heis-enberg Insti-tut, Fohringer Ring 8, 80805 Munich, Germany (Received 28 March 1995) Around one second after the big bang, neutrino decoupling and e+-e annihilation distorted the Fermi-Dirac spectrum of neutrino energies. Assuming neutrinos have masses and can mix, we compute the distortions using nonequilibrium thermodynamics and the Boltzmann equation. The Bavor behavior of neutrinos is studied during and following the generation of the distortion. PACS number(s): 95.30.Cq, 12.15.Ff, 14.60.Pq I. INTRODUCTION cause the neutrinos are decoupling at this time. Due to W+ exchanges, electron neutrinos are heated some- what more than and w neutrinos. This leads to an Neutrinos play a significant role both in cosmology [1] p excess of electron neutrinos over and w neutrinos. Fur- and in particle physics [2]. In cosmology, during the p, radiation-dominated period in the early Universe from thermore, higher-energy neutrinos interact more strongly one second after the big bang to around twenty-thousand than lower-energy neutrinos so that a relative excess of neutrinos arises. years, neutrinos are almost as important as photons in higher-energy The appearance of a fa- driving the expansion of the Universe. Furthermore, nu- vor excess means that neutrino oscillations can occur. cleosynthesis and the ensuing abundances of light ele- This potentially could afFect nucleosynthesis [5]. -
Lab Partners: NSF and DOE
Volume 19 FRIDAY, APRIL 5, 1996 Number 7 Lab Partners: NSF and DOE by Leila Belkora, Office of Public Affairs experiments have had co-spokesmen from NSF- funded university groups. n a spring day in Chicago, if you long for NSF also funds fixed-target experiments and Othe crack of the bat and the scent of mustard special projects at Fermilab. The agency supports on hotdogs, head to Wrigley Field. In the seventh groups at KTeV and NuTeV, where experi- inning stretch you’ll sing a chorus of “Take Me menters hope to shed light on CP violation and Out to the Ball Game,” along with announcer neutrino-nucleon scattering, respectively. Two Harry Caray; baseball at Wrigley just wouldn’t be experiments related to charm quarks, E831 and the same without it. After the game, should you E835, are supported in part by NSF. This year, travel about 40 miles west to Fermilab, approximately 70 graduate students are receiv- you’d find another essential pair- ing their training in NSF-funded ing: Fermilab depends on research groups both at collider funding from the Depart- and fixed-target experi- ment of Energy, but ments. On a smaller scale, high-energy physics NSF grants to Fermilab here would be incom- augment research in plete without the cosmology and facili- support of the tate international National Science collaborations in Foundation, as well. particle physics with I nside NSF’s largest India and Korea. f contribution at In dollars, Fermilab is to the col- NSF’s contribution lider program. At to the national high- Wonyong Lee DZero, seven NSF-sup- energy physics program Profile ported groups built the is about 10 percent that 2 central drift chamber, the of DOE. -
Snowmass01 Masterreg DB 16May.FP5
SNOWMASS 2001 Summary: Working Groups Name Nametag Institution EMail M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 ,1 Abe Toshinori Stanford Linear Accelerator Center [email protected] 1 ,2 Adams Todd Florida State University [email protected] 11 1 ,3 Adolphsen Chris Stanford Linear Accelerator Center [email protected] 11 ,4 Akerib Dan Case Western Reserve University [email protected] 11 ,5 Albright Carl H. Northern Illinois University [email protected] 11 ,6 Albrow Michael Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory [email protected] 11 11 ,7 Allen Matthew Stanford Linear Accelerator Center [email protected] 1 ,8 Appel Jeffrey Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory [email protected] 11 1 1 111 ,9 Artuso Marina Syracuse University [email protected] 1 ,10 Asiri Fred Stanford University [email protected] 1 ,11 Asztalos Steve Massachusetts Institute of Technology [email protected] 11 1 ,12 Atwood David Iowa State University [email protected] 11 13, Augustin Jean-Eude LPNHE Paris [email protected] 11 1 1 1 ,14 Avery Paul University of Florida [email protected] 11 1 1 ,15 Babukhadia Levan State University of New York, Stony [email protected] 1 1 111 ,16 Bachacou Henri Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [email protected] 111 1 ,17 Baer Howard Florida State University [email protected] 11 1 11 ,18 Baker Winslow Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory [email protected] 11 ,19 Balazs Csaba University of Hawaii [email protected] 111 ,20 Barber Desmond DESY, Hamburg [email protected] -
CPT Violation and the Standard Model
PHYSICAL REVIEW D VOLUME 55, NUMBER 11 1 JUNE 1997 CPT violation and the standard model Don Colladay and V. Alan Kostelecky´ Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405 ~Received 22 January 1997! Spontaneous CPT breaking arising in string theory has been suggested as a possible observable experimen- tal signature in neutral-meson systems. We provide a theoretical framework for the treatment of low-energy effects of spontaneous CPT violation and the attendant partial Lorentz breaking. The analysis is within the context of conventional relativistic quantum mechanics and quantum field theory in four dimensions. We use the framework to develop a CPT-violating extension to the minimal standard model that could serve as a basis for establishing quantitative CPT bounds. @S0556-2821~97!05211-9# PACS number~s!: 11.30.Er, 11.25.2w, 12.60.2i I. INTRODUCTION a general methodology that is compatible with desirable fea- tures like microscopic causality while being sufficiently de- Among the symmetries of the minimal standard model is tailed to permit explicit calculations. invariance under CPT. Indeed, CPT invariance holds under We suppose that underlying the effective four- mild technical assumptions for any local relativistic point- dimensional action is a complete fundamental theory that is particle field theory @1–5#. Numerous experiments have con- based on conventional quantum physics @15# and is dynami- firmed this result @6#, including in particular high-precision cally CPT and Poincare´ invariant. The fundamental theory is tests using neutral-kaon interferometry @7,8#. The simulta- assumed to undergo spontaneous CPT and Lorentz breaking. neous existence of a general theoretical proof of CPT invari- In a Poincare´-observer frame in the low-energy effective ac- ance in particle physics and accurate experimental tests tion, this process is taken to fix the form of any CPT- and makes CPT violation an attractive candidate signature for Lorentz-violating terms. -
Topics in Particle Physics and Cosmology Beyond the Standard
Topics in Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Beyond the Standard Model Thesis by Alejandro Jenkins In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy arXiv:hep-th/0607239v1 29 Jul 2006 California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 2008 (Defended 26 May, 2006) ii c 2008 Alejandro Jenkins All Rights Reserved iii Para Viviana, quien, sin nada de esto, hubiera sido posible (sic) iv If I have not seen as far as others, it is because giants were standing on my shoulders. — Prof. Hal Abelson, MIT v Acknowledgments How small the cosmos (a kangaroo’s pouch would hold it), how paltry and puny in comparison to human consciousness, to a single individual recollection, and its expression in words! — Vladimir V. Nabokov, Speak, Memory What men are poets who can speak of Jupiter if he were like a man, but if he is an immense spinning sphere of methane and ammonia must be silent? — Richard P. Feynman, “The Relation of Physics to Other Sciences” I thank Mark Wise, my advisor, for teaching me quantum field theory, as well as a great deal about physics in general and about the professional practice of theoretical physics. I have been honored to have been Mark’s student and collaborator, and I only regret that, on account of my own limitations, I don’t have more to show for it. I thank him also for many free dinners with the Monday seminar speakers, for his patience, and for his sense of humor. I thank Steve Hsu, my collaborator, who, during his visit to Caltech in 2004, took me under his wing and from whom I learned much cosmology (and with whom I had interesting conversations about both the physics and the business worlds). -
APS News July 2018, Vol. 27. No. 7
July 2018 • Vol. 27, No. 7 A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Homer Neal 1942-2018 Page 3 APS.ORG/APSNEWS Update on the APS Strategic Plan Throughout 2018, APS mem- bers, leadership, and staff have been preparing a new Strategic Plan to guide the Society in coming years (see APS News, February 2018). Archiving Knowledge about Physics Teaching MISSION VALUES VISION The process began in early 2018 at By Charles Henderson and Paula Heron the APS Leadership Convocation Do laboratory experiments help at the founding and develop- when elected leaders of mem- students learn concepts? Why do ment of Physical Review Physics bership units (Divisions, Topical so few women choose to major in Education Research in 2005, now Groups, Forums, and Sections) pro- physics? What is the most impor- a central and open-access home for vided input. Town hall meetings tant skill for a high school physics this work. and invited focus groups convened teacher to develop? The close connection between at the APS March and April meet- and Increasing Organizational Physics education researchers PER and physics as a discipline ings to gather direct member com- Excellence. tackle these and many other ques- was acknowledged by the American ment. CEO Kate Kirby provided an At its June retreat, the Board tions about why students study Physical Society Council in its update at the annual APS Business spent considerable time discuss- physics, what they learn, and 1999 Statement on Research in common teaching strategies and Meeting on April 13 and a member ing progress on the Plan. In guid- how their experiences affect their Physics Education [1]. -
Snowmass01 Masterreg DB.FP5
SNOWMASS 2001 Summary: Working Groups Name Nametag Institution EMail M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 1 Abe, Toshinori Stanford Linear Accelerator Center [email protected] 1 2 Adams, Todd Florida State University [email protected] 11 1 3 Adolphsen, Chris Stanford Linear Accelerator Center [email protected] 11 4 Akerib, Dan Case Western Reserve University [email protected] 11 5 Albright, Carl H. Northern Illinois University [email protected] 11 6 Albrow, Michael Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory [email protected] 11 11 7 Albuquerque, Ivone Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [email protected] 11 8 Aldering, Greg Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [email protected] 11 9 Allen, Matthew Stanford Linear Accelerator Center [email protected] 1 10 Allen, Roland Texas A&M University [email protected] 111 11 Appel, Jeffrey Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory [email protected] 11 1 1111 12 Artuso, Marina Syracuse University [email protected] 1 13 Asiri, Fred Stanford University [email protected] 1 14 Asner, David Lawrence Livermore National Laboratoy [email protected] 11 1 11 15 Asztalos, Steve Massachusetts Institute of Technology [email protected] 11 1 16 Atwood, David Iowa State University [email protected] 11 17 Augustin, Jean-Eude LPNHE Paris [email protected] 11 1 1 1 18 Avery , Paul University of Florida [email protected] 11 1 1 19 Babukhadia, Levan State University of New York, Stony Brook [email protected] 1 1 111 20 Bachacou, Henri Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [email protected] 111 1 21 Baer, Howard Florida State University [email protected] 11 111 22 Bagger, Jonathan Johns Hopkins University [email protected] 11111 23 Baker, Winslow Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory [email protected] 11 24 Balantekin, A. -
Jan/Feb 2015
I NTERNATIONAL J OURNAL OF H IGH -E NERGY P HYSICS CERNCOURIER WELCOME V OLUME 5 5 N UMBER 1 J ANUARY /F EBRUARY 2 0 1 5 CERN Courier – digital edition Welcome to the digital edition of the January/February 2015 issue of CERN Courier. CMS and the The coming year at CERN will see the restart of the LHC for Run 2. As the meticulous preparations for running the machine at a new high energy near their end on all fronts, the LHC experiment collaborations continue LHC Run 1 legacy to glean as much new knowledge as possible from the Run 1 data. Other labs are also working towards a bright future, for example at TRIUMF in Canada, where a new flagship facility for research with rare isotopes is taking shape. To sign up to the new-issue alert, please visit: http://cerncourier.com/cws/sign-up. To subscribe to the magazine, the e-mail new-issue alert, please visit: http://cerncourier.com/cws/how-to-subscribe. TRIUMF TRIBUTE CERN & Canada’s new Emilio Picasso and research facility his enthusiasm SOCIETY EDITOR: CHRISTINE SUTTON, CERN for rare isotopes for physics The thinking behind DIGITAL EDITION CREATED BY JESSE KARJALAINEN/IOP PUBLISHING, UK p26 p19 a new foundation p50 CERNCOURIER www. V OLUME 5 5 N UMBER 1 J AARYN U /F EBRUARY 2 0 1 5 CERN Courier January/February 2015 Contents 4 COMPLETE SOLUTIONS Covering current developments in high-energy Which do you want to engage? physics and related fi elds worldwide CERN Courier is distributed to member-state governments, institutes and laboratories affi liated with CERN, and to their personnel. -
Testing Times for Relativity
CERN Courier November 2013 CERN Courier November 2013 Open days Symmetry Testing times for relativity Physicists met in Bloomington to discuss the latest research on possible violations of relativity and CPT symmetry. At the “CERN tweetup” on Friday, citizen journalists got an exclusive open-days’ preview and sent out hundreds of messages The open-days’ control room saw CERN’s services working in on the social network Twitter. Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity is one of the most success- harmony with French and Swiss authorities to ensure that the fully tested ideas in physics. Based on the statement that the laws Participants at CPT’13 pose for the traditional photo. (Image event ran smoothly. of physics are invariant under rotations and boosts – offi cially credit: Jorge S Diaz.) known as Lorentz symmetry – relativity is a cornerstone of the (Left) The “Origins two most successful descriptions of nature: general relativity and and antimatter systems. The ALPHA collaboration reported on 2013” activities on the Standard Model. Although experiments to date indicate that the remarkable progress made along these lines in its experiment Friday at CERN relativity provides an accurate description, it became clear in the at CERN. The collaboration has used antihydrogen traps to store included late 1980s that violations in relativity could appear theoretically as antiatoms for several minutes and to perform basic spectroscopy opportunities for natural features of candidate models of quantum gravity. (CERN Courier July/August 2011 p6). These long timescales for “physics During the following decade, a group of theorists led by Alan antiatomic systems also offer interesting prospects for studying the speed-dating” Kostelecký at Indiana University developed a general framework effects of gravitational fi elds. -
APS Election Results
July 2015 • Vol. 24, No. 7 Physicists Improving Lives A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Pages 3 & 5 WWW.APS.ORG/PUBLICATIONS/APSNEWS Newly-Elected IUPAP Officers Meet in Trieste, Italy APS Election Results By Aihua Xie and Kennedy Reed The 2015 Executive Council and As this issue of APS News goes to press, Commission Chairs (C&CC) Meet- votes in the APS general election are still ing of the International Union of being counted. Members are voting for Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) was held April 24-26 at the Inter- Vice President, Chair-Elect of the APS national Center for Theoretical Nominating Committee, and International and General Physics in Trieste, Italy. Counselors. For the first time, members are also elect- IUPAP promotes international cooperation in physics and spon- ing an APS Treasurer, a position on the Board of sors four types of international Directors created as part of recent changes in APS and regional conferences. These governance. All those elected will take office on Janu- include (1) general conferences, (2) topical conferences, (3) special ary 1, 2016, when the current Vice President becomes conferences, and (4) workshops APS President-Elect, and the President-Elect in developing countries. In addi- becomes President. tion, IUPAP Commissions sponsor From left to right: Beverly Berger, Aihua Xie, Kennedy Reed and Heidi Schell- IUPAP Young Scientist Prizes to man near the International Center of Theoretical Physics (ICTP). recognize outstanding early-career Voting ended on June 30, 2015 and the results can be physicists, and also sponsor other Four APS members attended the designate; Heidi Schellman, Oregon found at www.aps.org/about/governance/election/ awards to recognize excellence in IUPAP C&CC meeting: Kennedy State University, Vice Chair of the the subfields of physics represented Reed, Lawrence Livermore National IUPAP Commission on Particles by the Commissions.