^^^M^L^*Uim^£^&Jm

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

^^^M^L^*Uim^£^&Jm &yp:- WRESSis ^felCi **•?. ^&,<msB*tei2g82i8if!tiIki ^^^^M^L^*uim^£^&jm^ fljffiflMjjH|j¥ pur-ieagg !#§& f * • sirw&c sestet *^;J -4P511fc !f,i.-,s^ i* • . >» JP • §L*^*» 3WL£ JM ZjfeU&jfaf*- - '7-/J/9 it , Acu> &<ryct< ctf t&*-*< A^Lc*- ^CAX^L NEW YORK, THURSDAY, JUNE 25, 1964. I0PE FOR 3 WANES AS DULLES OPENS MISSISSIPPI TALKS §60 Step Up Hunt for Missing Rights Team — Ex-C.I.A. Head Sees Governor By CLAUDE SITTON Special to The New York Times PHILADELPHIA, Miss., June ;4—Virtually all hope faded to' day for the lives of three civil ,ghts workers missing since Sunday night in the red hills of ast-central Mississippi. Sixty law enforcement offi­ cers—agents of the Federal Bu- eau of Investigation, state oopers and sheriff's deputies United Pros International Telephoto •stepped up their hunt for the CONFERRING LN MISSISSIPPI: Allen W. Dulles, former Director of Central o whites and one Negro. Intelligence, talking with Gov. Paul B. Johnson Jr. on racial situation in state, Meanwhile, Allen W. Dulles •Jibrmer Director of Central In- ftelligence, arrived in Jackson, I the state capital, under instruc­ F.B.I. AUGMENTS / tions from President Johnson and went into conference with Gov. Paul B. Johnson Jr. and ||pther officials at the Governor's MISSISSIPPI FORGE Mansion. [After a meeting of one But Kennedy Tells N.A.A.C.P. and one-half hours, Mr. John­ son, speaking to reporters in That He Cannot Order Any Jackson, praised Mr. Dulles Federal Police Action || and said he was in Mississippi "for the purpose of doing ;f good and not destroying the By M. S. HANDLER state."] Special to The New York Times Oi inal House Action Burned Car Examined WASHINGTON, June 24— vi The law officers, working in Attorney General Robert F. be In Civil Rights Bill pairs, made a house-to-house Kennedy told a delegation from cu casvass of tlle rurai area n rth the National Association for to ov Julv 4 i4ssnrfiu' ° the Advancement of Colored fit. •' * jand east of Philadelphia in a People today that the Govern­ *? ^search for clues. ment could not take preventive sel By£.W.EENWORTHY "j ™: ^^S^ «"• police action in racially troubled th< 63 5 (Mississippi. sped* to HB-MW yoric Tim« P * studied the burned wreck- mi e oi the Ford station WASHINCKrON, June St — ^ wagon I He told the delegation, head­ at ed by Roy WilkJns, the execu­ lactment of the civil •righte^ which the men were riding ag i»%4.TO assures to-jand sifted through the aaher tive secretary of the N.AA.C.P-, wiier e vehicte that he had considerably aug- ?tet%fi^-eSGiifAtive3i<iw-! * * •:*** #SBM! to 'it-S«r,twi»erf ***32*. -.'yesterday,. 15 miles northeast | mented the force of Federal te House Rules 'JCmfcW- faere cii stat* Highway 21 jBureau of Investigation sgentsjlofj xi&zi '.fin Bogus Chitio Swamp. ;,3MiS¥ip!'i. B«t he added,", e '•'iViVlf.' '•®- coinmoRts. si c" BO*ice action cannot be "taken' ,.,£, „j.ikiii«* «ad private "remarks by .under tne Federal-state rela- _ « eoBMnftias. made ht» ":ia.p>vesU*»tors uwHc*£ec *» **« m^M^t tm^ 9A T,«^ K*Jthat the three s« w»r? dewfi Committee, made feu ^"tevestigators indicated ail test neemeftt "tmly 24 hoars be-'that the three men were dead. tionship. a majority could haws} One source quoted as Y.B.L "Developments In Mississ -control of the committee I1***0 hi Philadelphia as having pushed all ether considerations ay from him and called a! said, "We're now looking for aside at the association's 55th ag to clear the civil rights!bodies.' annual convention.' I for final floor action. Governor Seen Limited A leadership delegation head­ Last Friday the Senate »*p- Concern shifted to the pos­ ed by Mr. Wilkins conferred ved, 73 to 27, a substitute sibility that popular reaction for more than an hour with the :or the bill passed by the House among Negroes might lead to Attorney General and then a Feb. 10. This substitute went demonstrations in the already group of about 1,800 delegates ck to the House Monday for explosive atmosphere created walked to the Justice Depart­ oncurrence In the Senate by the beginning on Sunday of ment. .anges. a (two-month civil rights cam­ Lawlessness Called High Southerners refused unani- paign throughout Mississippi. There they marched past the >us consent to take up the Disappearance of the three Attorney General, who appeared pbstitute Immediately. It was campaign participants and re­ with Mrs. Medgar W. Evers and fiiereupon sent to the Rules ports of violence, intimidation the leadership delegation. Mrs. jBommittee to obtain clearance and harassment directed at Ne­ Evers is the widow of the In the regular way for House groes and other participants in N.A.A.C.P. Mississippi state consideration. other sections of the state have secretary who was assassinated To prevent Mr. Smith, an in- aroused growing alarm. ; last year. veterate foe of civil rights legis- The consensus among knowl­ Mr. Wilkins and his associates j lation, from delaying a rule by edgeable observers is that Gov- informed Mr. Kennedy that, ac­ j refusing to call the committee ernor Johnson wants to take cording to their report, the situ­ 1 into session, three Democratic whatever action is necessary to ation in Mississippi had reached I members immediately wrote avoid Federal intervention but a high level of lawlessness with I him requesting a meeting. that militantly segregationist the disappearance of three civil Under the'rules of the House, white sentiment limits his free­ rights workers. I'if Mr. Smith did not announce dom to act. They said that only the em a meeting within three days of The tenseness of the situation pl-iyment of Federal police « receipt of the request, a majori- was demonstrated here shortly powers could guarantee a meas­ 4 Continued on Page 18, Column 6 Continued on Page 18, Column 2 ure of protection for the Negro population and for college stu­ dents participating in the voter- registration drive. Mr. Wilkins said afterward that he and his colleagues had urged the Attorney General toj take "preventive" police* actionj The Attorney General, Mr. Wil-J kins added, replied that he had augmented the force of Federal Bureau of Investigation agents In Mississippi but that the Fed^ eral Government could not takf "preventive" police action The Attorney General alsfl Continued on Page 18, Column 6 JL-- • - - wr *EW YORK TIMES, THURSDAY, JUNE 25, 1%4. ip in Mississippi^ OF MISSING MEN Kennedy Says F.B.I. Has Sent J30 EXPRESS FEAR More A ents lnt0 FEARED FOR LIVES « M'*"»«PP'I ON WORK IN SOUTH Continued From Page 1, Col. 5 here and try to explain to this Told Associates of Concern convention his position on race:Teachers Will Help Negroes told the delegation that he relations, try to explain why! , r => Before Mississippi Trip hoped an Improvement in the he thinks it is unconstitutional! in Mississippi Project situation would result from to pass a law guaranteeing! ^ President Johnson's telephone equal opportunity to all Ameri-j cans regardless of color and; Fear has beset some 30 public By R. W. APPLE Jr. conversation with Gov. Paul B. Two of the three young civil creed." I schoolteachers, most of them Johnson Jr. of Mississippi and Mr. Goldwater voted against;women and all young, who will rights workers who disappeared the dispatching of Allen W. the civil rights bill passed last I soon leave New York on a mis- in Mississippi Sunday night had Dulles there in connection with week in the Senate. Ision to Mississippi. told their friends that morning the search for the missing civ- "All of us are quite fearful.' that they feared for their lives, Q rights workers. Words on Mississippi Mrs. Norman Becker, the leade: Mr. Shriver said: "If Missis­ Michael Schwerner, a 24-year-1 Mr Wilkins told reporters of the expedition with Sandrs old former settlement house sippi justice — Emmett Till, Adickes, said yesterday at that his group had not re- Medgar Evers and now three worker from Brooklyn, and news conference in the head­ quested the intervention of Fed-jmore workers — is constitu- quarters of the United Federa- James E. Chaney, 21, a plaster­ eral troops or the National | tional and the civil rights bill tion of Teachers, 300 Park Ave is er from Meridian, Miss., left Guard: "We did not discuss > unconstitutional, then my only nue South. She continued question is: Did Goldwater ever Meridian Sunday morning to in­ arms," he said. In past civil "My husband is extreme! j vestigate the burning of a go to law school?" worried. In families generally rights cases, the Government Of the Peace Corps and its there's great trepidation.'' Negro church in Longdale. Miss. jhas sent marsha!s to troubled 8,000 American volunteers, Mr. A 8-Grade Project With them was Andre-v Good-]areas Shriver said: man, 20, a Queens College junior, ' . Kennedy Mr Wilkins said Mr "We have not nad one single The teachers plan to arrive ii from New York who had arrived j nad assured the delegation the incident of violence to a Peace Mississippi on July 2 and 6 fo; in Mississippi for the first time j Government would explore Corps volunteer serving abroad. £,^ta,J?f£"U "T^S *«£ late Saturdav afternoon. Like every possibility of making its; We "have, heard talk "of back- children in the 10th, 11th ant 12th grades. They know the; the others, he was there to take presence felt in Mississippi, but;ward peoples in other continents.
Recommended publications
  • 1 Full, Edited Transcript of Joe Morse's Oral History Interview, “Minnesota
    1 Full, Edited Transcript of Joe Morse’s Oral History Interview, “Minnesota to Mississippi: Civil Rights Organizing, 1964-1966” Date of the Interview: March 5th, 2016 Interviewer and Principal Investigator: Dr. Amanda Nagel, History Department, Winona State University Interviewee: Joe Morse Research and support: Dr. Tomas Tolvaisas, History Department, Winona State University Transcriber: Hayley Johnston, Winona State University Please note: the actual visual and textual sources (77 in total, all in .pdf format, which are illustrations provided by Joe Morse), are located in a separate file (entitled “Sources”) on this CD disc. The number assigned to each source in the edited interview transcript, below, matches the number of a textual source, a visual source, or a source that contains both kinds of information, in that separate file. AN: It is March 5th, 2016. My name is Amanda Nagel. I am here with Joe Morse to talk with him about his time in the Civil Rights Movement. I have had the pleasure of being able to work with both Tomas Tolvaisas and John Campbell from the Winona State University History Department to compile questions to ask Joe. Amanda Nagel (AN): We’ll talk a little about your background first. Can you please state for the record your full name, date and location of your birth, where you grew up, size of your family, and your education? Joe Morse (JM): My name is Joe Morse. Full name is Joseph. I was born in Duluth, Minnesota, in 1943, in Saint Mary’s hospital, same hospital Bob Dylan was born in. AN: Really? JM: Yeah.
    [Show full text]
  • Newton County Mississippi Marriage Records 1872
    Newton County, Mississippi, FROM: Marriage Records 1872-1952 38917 (2nd Ed.)Company MS AVAILABLE Compiled and Edited RESERVED. PublishingCarrollton,By VERSION [email protected] William408; Harold Graham, Ed. Pioneer PRINT Box PO (662)237-6010 COPYRIGHT/ALL FROM: 38917 CompanyMS AVAILABLE RESERVED. PublishingCarrollton, VERSION [email protected] RIGHTS 408; Copyright © 2013Pioneer by William Harold Graham, Ed. PRINTAll rights reserved. ThisBox book or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner whatsoever without the express written permission of the author except for the use of brief quotations in a book review. Authorized copies are available from the author, Dr. Harold Graham, 17222 Highway 503, Decatur, MS 39301.PO (662)237-6010ISBN-10: 1-885480-52-0 COPYRIGHT/ALL Dedication This publication is dedicated to Martha Waltman, who stood at my elbow on many occasions and helped me feed quarters into the photocopy machine, to Myrtis Craft for her polite coercion to finish a project started in 1991, to J. P. and Floy Hurst for explaining the difference between a DOL and DOM, and not the least, to my wife Nancy for tolerating an absentee husband on those many visits to the courthouse. FROM: 38917 Company MS AVAILABLE RESERVED. Publishing Carrollton, VERSION [email protected] 408; Pioneer PRINT Box PO (662)237-6010 COPYRIGHT/ALL Acknowledgements Many of the names in this publication are enhanced to compensate for their scanty recording in the original marriage documents. The compiler has depended on the resources of a number of other researchers and published records to make possible this enhancement process.
    [Show full text]
  • Mississippi Jury Convicts 7 of 18 in Rights Killings
    Misc II — KKK 'tut ork intoo .NEW YORK, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 21, 1967 — Three of the Guilty and Sheriff Who Was Acquitted in Mississippi Associated pr. vh,t.toi.c1 Untied Press International Telephoto Sam H. Bowers Sr., a Klan Cecil R. Price, left, and Alton W. Roberts Sheriff Lawrence A. Rainey of Neshoba leader, leaving court after being taken to jail after the ,verdict. The County is embraced by friend as he leaves he had been found guilty. others convicted were released on bail. the court after jury found him not guilty. seven men today for partici- pating in a Ku Klux Klan con- spiracy to murder three young MISSISSIPPI JURY civil rights ,workers in 1964. Guilty verdicts were returned ed against Cecil R. Price, 29 CONVICTS 7 OF 18 years old, the - chief deputy sheriff of Neshoba County, and Sam H. Bowers Jr., 43, of Lau- IN RIGHTS KILLINGS rel, identified as the Imperial Wizard of the White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan. All-White Panel Acquits 8 Also convicted were Horace and Rules a Mistrial on 3 D. Barnette, 29, a one-time Me- ridian salesman; Jimmy Arledge in Klan Conspiracy Case 30, a Meridian truck driver; j Billy Wayne Posey, 30, a Wil- liamsville service station oper- 2 JAILED WITHOUT BOND ator; Jimmie Snowden, 34, a Meridian laundry truck driv- er, and Alton W. Roberts, 29, Judge Rebukes 'Wild Man' a Meridian salesman. After Receiving Report The maximum penalty for the conspiracy convictions is of a Dynamite Threat 10 years in prison and a $5,000 fine.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ugly Truth About the "ADL: They Are a Bunch of Racist Thugs Who Push Drugs
    Since the First Printing: ADL in Middle of A Spy Scandal Too Big to Bury On January 15, eight days after the publica- tion of the first edition of this book, The San Francisco Chronicle shocked the public with the revelation that the office of the ADL in San Francisco was at the center of a scandal involving a San Francisco police officer and a Bay Area art dealer/self-described private eye who were suspected of selling illegally obtained information to agents of the South African government. The two men, Sgt. Tom Gerard of the San Francisco Police Department, and Roy Bullock, a longtime paid undercover operative for the local office of the Anti- Defamation League of B'nai B'rith (ADL), had been undo: Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) scrutiny since vii viii SINCE THE FIRST PRINTING 1990, when federal agents discovered that secret Bureau records on American black Muslims had been obtained by South African spies. The trail pointed to Bullock, who, in addition to his fulltime paid work for the ADL, had been "moonlighting" as an undercover snitch for the Bureau. On at least one occasion, Bullock received a 1500 cash payment from the FBI for infiltrating meetings of two Bay Area groups. Bullock had access to confidential Bureau files, and became a suspect when FBI files stowed up in the hands of the South African government at the same time he was regularly meeting with two South African spies and passing confidential data to them. Bullock received cash payments that eventually totaled over $16,000.
    [Show full text]
  • Applying the Jigsaw Technique to the Mississippi Burning Murders: a Freedom Summer Lesson Lindon Joey Ratliff Mississippi State University
    The Councilor: A Journal of the Social Studies Volume 72 Article 4 Number 2 Volume 72 No. 2 (2011) June 2011 Applying the Jigsaw Technique to the Mississippi Burning Murders: A Freedom Summer Lesson Lindon Joey Ratliff Mississippi State University Follow this and additional works at: http://thekeep.eiu.edu/the_councilor Part of the Curriculum and Instruction Commons, Educational Methods Commons, Elementary Education Commons, Elementary Education and Teaching Commons, Junior High, Intermediate, Middle School Education and Teaching Commons, and the Pre-Elementary, Early Childhood, Kindergarten Teacher Education Commons Recommended Citation Ratliff, Lindon Joey (2011) "Applying the Jigsaw Technique to the Mississippi Burning Murders: A Freedom Summer Lesson," The Councilor: A Journal of the Social Studies: Vol. 72 : No. 2 , Article 4. Available at: http://thekeep.eiu.edu/the_councilor/vol72/iss2/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in The ouncC ilor: A Journal of the Social Studies by an authorized editor of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ratliff: Applying the Jigsaw Technique to the Mississippi Burning Murders: Applying the Jigsaw Technique to the Mississippi Burning Murders: A Freedom Summer Lesson Lindon Joey Ratliff Mississippi State University Purpose Statement The purpose of this article is to assist social studies teachers with integrating the Jigsaw technique to the Civil Rights movement. Designed in 1971, the Jigsaw Technique was created to combat racism and assist with encouraging cooperative learning. It is the sincere hope of this author that this sample lesson will ultimately assist educators in the creation of stronger units dealing with civil rights.
    [Show full text]
  • In Mississippi
    CIVIL RIGHTS SCRAPBOOKS MISSISSIPPI EVENTS 3.10 VOLUME III PAGE 1 THROUGH PAGE 47 Memphis to Jackson march; Philadelphia slayings reopened by Justice Department; eighteen charged with slayings; seven found guilty. /V<t^ XMT^*^- '7^. Led By Meredith— Why so^quiet / 6,000 Conclude MarctMifAf^ally .lACKSON. Miss., June 26 i/pw-fhousands of flag waving Ne­ about noting, groes ended the maratnon Mis.sissippi civil rights marrh today with a surprisingly subdued rally behind the heavily guarded state capitol. u i ,i The imposing limestone structure was ringed hy police and National Cuardsmen as the righters asked march leaders spoke, braced to .NAA( r Ousted throw back any attempt to reach The rally, he added, would lot News Washington staff the capitol itself. The rally was Gov. Paul B .lohnson and orderly. President .lohnson know that WASHINGTON. July 21 — Rep. Thomas C, Officers estimated Ifi.nm "we are not going to let it Abernethy. D-Miss., said Wednesday in a House speech Negroes, with a few hundrec: (white supremacy) live on. be­ that when .lames Meredith was wounded "by a whites among them, flowed ing blamed on a few whites in light-minded citizen from Memphis, Tenn.." the White through Ihe streets to pack a Mi.s.sissippi." Great attention has IxM-n giv­ House made available a plane to transport a group of portion of the capitol grounds and adjacent ar(*as. en to dissension in the CIN il congressmen to Mississippi to investigate. They were led hy .Tamers H rights leaders, he said, but the 1 Meredith, Ihe slender, intense true issue is
    [Show full text]
  • Cotirt Review Set on Military Justice Klansmen Lose Their Work on a Summer by John P
    Cotirt Review Set On Military Justice Klansmen Lose Their work on a summer By John P. MacKenzie voting project stirred anger Washinetoo Post Staff Writer in and around Philadelphia, The Supreme Court 'de- Miss. nied a hearing yesterday The three rights workers for seven men convicted in a 1964 Ku Klux Klan plot were shot to death and to kill three civil right work- buried in an earthen dam on ers in Mississippi. June 21, 1964, after they had * Without comm en t, the been arrested on a traffic court let stand the conspira- charge, released and, ac- cy verdicts against the seven. cording to court testimony, Jail terms under the ver- rearrested for turning over dicts range from three years fb a lynch party that had for three of the men to the been assembled. 10-year maximum for Nesho- Mississippi took no action ba County Deputy Sheriff against the law enforcement Cecil Ray Price and Sam officials or private, citizens, Bowers Jr., who was im- but the Justice Department perial wizard of the White obtained initial indictments Knight of the Ku Klux Klan. against 18 men charging a All that remains to nose violation of an 1870 law out the case is for the con- 'against conspiring to violate merciless plot to muraer victed men to file their ex- in d ivid ual constitutional the three men." pected petitions for recon- rights. Responding to the peti- sideration. If the court de- Federal Judge W. Harold tions of the convicted seven, clines, as it usually does, to Cox dismissed the case as the Justice Department said grant the petitions, the men a private, local crime be- the issues were unworthy will begin serving their yond the reach of federal of Supreme Court review.
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. Department of Justice Report to the Attorny General of the State of Mississippi
    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE REPORT TO THE ATTORNY GENERAL OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI INVESTIGATION OF THE 1964 MURDERS OF MICHEAL SCHWERNER, JAMES CHANEY, AND ANDREW GOODMAN U.S. Department ofJustice, Civil Rights Division United States Attorney's Office, Southern District of Mississippi Federal Bureau of Investigation Table of Contents I. Introduction ............,......................................... ,~ ................. ,.... ,.. ·... ,,, ... ,....... ,..... ,........ ij, •••• , ........... , ••,, ............................., .......... 3 II. Factual Summary: 1964 l\llutders ................................... ~ .............................................................. :... 5 III .. Initial Federal Investigation: 19()4 11-11111•••• .. •••U••U••• .. ••....... a.............................u .............................. ~ ................................... 8 A. Initiation of Federal Investigation ....................................................................................................... 8 B. Dbcovery of Bodies.: ......................................................... : ............................................................. : 10 i C. Further Confidential"Source Infonnation ................................................................................ ~ ......... 11 [1 D. Jordan and Barnette .................................................. ,......................................................................... 11 l ij- E. Charging lhe 1967 Federal Prosecution ............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • FBI Makes 20 Arrests in Civil Rights Cases
    Avarage Daily Net Preaa Ran The Weather For the Week EBded ForeeeM of D. S. Weetbor Bowm Kovember 28, 1884 Oloady, ratal, little chance tai temperatara throuch tomorrow; 14,14« ■ome ebaace of freccliic ratal to- Member of tbe Andit iilattrlipatpr iEuPttittg IfcraUi ^ alckt; tcetoperaturo In mid 80a. Bureen ef Ctrcntaitioa ManehMter— A City of Village Charm (OlaeaUied Advertlataic on Pafo 18) PRICE SEVEN CENTS VOL. LXXXIV, NO. 55 (TW EN TY PA G ES) MANCHESTER, CONN, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 4, 1964 Events FBI Makes 20 Arrests In State Home Rulo Bills Get More Time In Civil Rights Cases Before Deadline PHILADELPHIA, Miss-t V 21st man was being sought.'»Edgar Killen, Is a fundamen-i9>acknowledge seeing the trio al- HARTFORD (AP) — Sheriff Lawrence Rainey and talist Baptist minister. ive on June 21 and was one of (AP)—The FBI arrested his deputy, Cecil Price, surren- Roy Moore, chief of the Jack- those who helped remove their Cities and towns will get 20 men, including the dered their revolvers to FBI son FBI staff which spearhead- bodies from a g^lant earthen more time next year to file Neshoba County sheriff, agents at the courthou.se. A sull- ed the 5' 2-month probe, said the dam near here on Aug. 4. local home rule bills, legis- his deputy and five Ku en crowd stood in the town agents directed their “primary Among others arrested her* square as tin: county's two law attention" upon known mem- were Herman Tucker. fore- lative leaders agreed today. Klux I Klansmen, today in The action came after State enforcement officers were bers and sympathizers of the man of the construction crew at Legislative Commissioners How- connection with the mid- whisked away.
    [Show full text]
  • Title in Capital Letters
    ONE HUNDRED YEARS OF DELAY: THE SHIFTING ROLE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IN AFRICAN AMERICAN CIVIL RIGHTS by Leif Erik Johnson A Project Presented to The Faculty of Humboldt State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts In Education May, 2012 ONE HUNDRED YEARS OF DELAY: THE SHIFTING ROLE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IN AFRICAN AMERICAN CIVIL RIGHTS by Leif Erik Johnson Approved by the Master’s Project Committee: _______________________________________________________________________ Delores McBroome, Major Professor Date _______________________________________________________________________ Gayle Olson-Raymer, Committee Member Date _______________________________________________________________________ Tom Cook, Committee Member Date _______________________________________________________________________ Eric Van Duzer, Graduate Coordinator Date _______________________________________________________________________ Jena Burgess, Vice Provost Date ABSTRACT ONE HUNDRED YEARS OF DELAY: THE SHIFTING ROLE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IN AFRICAN AMERICAN CIVIL RIGHTS LEIF ERIK JOHNSON One of the most tragic and moving stories in American history is the prolonged quest to recognize the civil rights of African Americans. This story, of both shame and hope, is captured in this project and presented as a one hundred year struggle of national politics, state repression, and individual courage from the end of the Civil War to the passage of the Voting Rights Act in 1965. Students of history are familiar with
    [Show full text]
  • The Portrayal of the Ku Klux Klan in American Film Bachelor‘S Diploma Thesis
    Masaryk University Faculty of Arts Department of English and American Studies English Language and Literature Ondrej Golis White Hoods and Burning Crosses: The Portrayal of the Ku Klux Klan in American Film Bachelor‘s Diploma Thesis Supervisor: doc. PhDr. Tomáš Pospíšil, Dr. 2010 I declare that I have worked on this thesis independently, using only the primary and secondary sources listed in the bibliography. …………………………………………….. 2 Acknowledgement I would like to thank to my supervisor doc. PhDr. Tomáš Pospíšil, Dr. for his valuable comments. I would also like to thank to my girlfriend and, especially, to my brother for their ultimate help and moral support. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 6 1.1. Ku Klux Klan: A Brief History 8 2. The Reconstruction Era and the First Klan 12 2.1. The Birth of a Nation 12 2.1.1. Plot Summary 12 2.1.2. Deeper Insight: ―Writing History with Lightning‖ 14 2.1.3. Summary 20 2.2. Gone with the Wind 21 2.2.1. Production Problems 21 2.2.2. The Klan Omitted? 21 2.3. Summary 26 3. The Civil Rights Struggle: Mississippi Burning 27 3.1. Plot Summary 27 3.2. The ―Freedom Summer‖ in Mississippi 28 3.3. Summary 35 4. The Militant Klan of the 1980‘s: Betrayed 37 4.1. Plot Summary 37 4.2. At War with ZOG 38 4.3. Summary 40 5. The Klan of Today: A Time to Kill 42 5.1. Plot Summary 42 5.2. Under the Surface 43 5.3. Summary 46 6. Conclusion 47 4 7.
    [Show full text]
  • Forgive Them Lord, for They Know Not What They Do, Undated
    FORGIVE THEM LORD FOR THEY KNOW NOT WHAT THEY DO Report on the murders of James Chaney, Michael Schwerner and Andrew Goodman by Ben Chaney L.. INTRODUCTION: Civil Rights workers James Chaney, Andrew Goodman and Michael Schwerner disappeared about 10 p.m., Sunday, June 21, 1964 after they were released from the Philadelphia, Miss. jail. The next day their burned-out station wagon was found in the Bogue Chitto swamp, off Highway 21, between Meridian and Philadelphia. As the search continued, concern for the young men mounted. President Lyndon Johnson expressed his personal concern and made the case a top priority at the Justice Department. F.B.I. Director J. Edgar Hoover ordered an intensive .{v";. i~vestigation. As a result, the bodies of the three civil rights workers were finally found 44 days later, buried 15 feet in an earthen dam. Three years later, on February 27, 1967, a Federal Grand Jury for the Southern District of Mississippi indicted 19 members of the White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan under Title 18, Section 241, for conspiracy "on or about January 1, 1964, and continuing to, on or about December 4, 1964, to injure, oppress, threaten, and intimidate Michael Henry Schwerner, James Earl Chaney and Andrew Goodman, each a citizen of the United States, in the free exercise and enjoyment of the right and privilege secured to them 1 by the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United . States not to be deprived of life or liberty without due process of law." A two week federal trial of nineteen men charged under Title 18, Section 241, took place before the Honorable William Harold cox, United States District Judge for the Southern District of Mississippi, at Meridian, Mississippi in the Eastern District.
    [Show full text]