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0555 NIA II, 551 AB, Monday 12 July 2010 Carlos Donascimiento1 0555 NIA II, 551 AB, Monday 12 July 2010 Carlos DoNascimiento1, John Lundberg2, Mark Sabaj Pérez2, Nadia Milani3 1Universidad de Carabobo, Valencia, Carabobo, Venezuela, 2The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Distrito Capital, Venezuela An Unexpectedly Diverse Group of Miniature and Sexually Dimorphic Neotropical Catfishes Representing a New Genus (Siluriformes, Heptapteridae) Small body size has been a main limiting factor veiling our knowledge of the Neotropical fish diversity, with most of the currently known miniature species described in the last few decades. Frequently, these are found in museum collections catalogued as immature stages, this being the case for the species reported here. Independent collecting efforts in the Peruvian Amazon and Venezuelan Orinoco as well as a revision of material already available in museums has resulted in the recognition of at least five different species of tiny catfishes, that were identified either as heptapterid juveniles or in the slightly more accurate cases as Imparfinis juveniles. Nonetheless, a detailed morphological study revealed that they represent fully mature individuals, easily assignable to the Nemuroglanis subclade of Heptapteridae, but not to Imparfinis or to any other available name in that family. Morphology of the pectoral girdle and fin exhibits striking contrasting conditions between males and females, and along with modifications of the most anterior ribs, also indicate that they constitute a monophyletic group that is here proposed as a new genus. Derived traits of the transverse process of the fourth vertebra, postcleithral process and head laterosensory system support a sister group relationship between Horiomyzon and this new genus, indicating that a single miniaturization event occurred for this subgroup of heptapterids. Some comments on the vast geographic distribution of the new genus related to the psammophily are provided and compared to the deep river channel habitat of Horiomyzon. ______________________________________________________________________________ 0294 Poster Session III, Exhibit Hall D, Sunday 11 July 2010 Courtney Donavan, Jonathan Breton, Ken Oliveira University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, United States Oocyte Size Distribution and Fecundity Across Age and Total Length Range for George’s Bank Stock of Yellowtail Flounder Yellowtail flounder populations inhabit a range of regions along the Atlantic Coast of North America. All US stocks of this species, including George’s Bank, have been severely overfished with limited population recovery over the last several decades. Management strategies have been hindered by a lack of biological data, including life history characteristics within and between stocks. An enhanced comprehension of fecundity is important for understanding recruitment, and ultimately for determining sustainable fishing strategies that will permit fishing exploitation while at the same time allowing stocks to rebuild. Fecundity was evaluated for yellowtail flounder from the George’s Bank stock using hand counts and an autodiametric method previously implemented on different fish species. Small subsamples of gonad were weighed and the oocytes were teased apart until completely separated. These oocytes were hand counted using a computer imaging program, Image Pro, which also measured for diameter and roundness. Fecundity data were compared between fish ages and lengths. Average oocyte diameter was determined and compared with fish GSI. Analyzed data of estimated fecundity and range of oocyte diameter allowed for the preliminary development of a fecundity curve. The final results may be used in future research pertaining to yellowtail flounder growth and maturation which will influence fisheries management guidelines and stock assessments. ______________________________________________________________________________ 0634 Fish Systematics & Morphology, Ballroom D, Friday 9 July 2010 Michael Doosey Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States Survey of Osteological Characters of the Branchial and Hyoid Arches of Euteleosteomorpha (Actinopterygii: Teleostei) In the recent classification of teleost fishes, Wiley and Johnson (2010) listed seventy- seven osteological characters of the branchial and hyoid arches that are synapomorphies for various euteleost groups. These synapomorphies are reviewed across the diversity of euteleosts extending to the suborder level. The purpose of this research is to validate these asserted synapomorphies and search for new characters that may add support to the monophyly of established clades. Character descriptions and states were collected from the primary literature and compared with observations from cleared and stained specimens. ______________________________________________________________________________ 0370 Herp Ecology & Systematics, Ballroom B, Thursday 8 July 2010 Lara Douglas, Steven Beaupre University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States Effects of Large-Scale Habitat Manipulation on Body Condition in Timber Rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus) Identifying methods for monitoring the consequences of habitat restoration for organisms is a crucial conservation goal. We studied the effects of large scale (4.2 to 18 ha) habitat modifications on timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus). The Arkansas Game and Fish Commission managed thirteen plots in an upland hardwood ecosystem in Madison County using selective harvest, prescribed burning, both treatments, or neither treatment. After monitoring for two years before and two years after modifications occurred, we analyzed changes in body condition of timber rattlesnakes tracked using radio-telemetry during the study period. Body conditions of rattlesnakes using manipulated habitat increased or remained unchanged during the study period, while body conditions of snakes using only control areas decreased to levels significantly lower than body conditions of snakes in manipulated areas. Repeated-measures analysis of only snakes available throughout the entire study revealed an increase in body condition among snakes using manipulated habitats and a decrease in body condition among snakes using only control habitats. Despite dramatic changes in vegetation at manipulated sites, density of snake prey (small mammals) did not detectably increase at manipulated sites until the second year following manipulations, and then only at sites that were cut or both cut and burned. Changes in C. horridus physiology appear to rapidly integrate ecosystem-level changes that may be difficult to detect using other methods (e.g. mammal trapping); therefore we suggest C. horridus has potential to serve as an indicator species for forest restoration. ______________________________________________________________________________ 0739 Poster Session III, Exhibit Hall D, Sunday 11 July 2010 Andrea Drayer, Stephen Richter Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY, United States Comparison of Amphibian Communities in Artificial and Natural Ponds in Forested Ecosystems. Habitat loss plays a key role in the decline of amphibians worldwide. To mitigate loss of wetland habitat, artificial ponds are often constructed. The objective of our study is to determine the effectiveness of constructed wetlands by comparing natural and artificial ponds. For our study, artificial ponds were defined as being constructed within the last 25 years, while natural ponds were natural or created/modified >> 50 years ago. Five forested natural ponds and five forested artificial ponds in the Daniel Boone National Forest, Kentucky were sampled for amphibians by dipnetting, minnow trapping, visual encounter surveys, and drift fence surveys from February through July 2009. Pond characteristics were measured including hydroperiod, canopy cover, aquatic vegetation, water quality, and temperature. Preliminary data suggest less fluctuation in pond level, longer hydroperiod, less shallow littoral zone, and more aquatic vegetation in artificial ponds when compared to natural ponds. Although artificial ponds consistently had higher species richness, species composition varied among ponds. Species composition was influenced by habitat requirements of individual species. For example, species that require longer hydroperiods for development of larvae, including Notophthalmus viridescens (red-spotted newts), Rana catesbeiana (American bullfrogs), and Rana clamitans (green frogs) were more abundant in artificial ponds; while species with specialized breeding habitat requirements, including Ambystoma opacum (marbled salamanders) and Hemidactylum scutatum (four-toed salamanders), were observed more often in natural ponds. Results of our study will provide useful information for land managers to improve constructed habitats and to increase success of future amphibian habitat enhancement and mitigation projects. ______________________________________________________________________________ 0762 Poster Session I, Exhibit Hall D, Friday 9 July 2010 Erich Druskat, Joseph Mello NOAA Fisheries, Woods Hole, MA, United States Occurrence of the Smalltooth Sandtiger, Odontaspis ferox (Risso 1810), in the Western North Atlantic Ocean Documented by the Northeast Fisheries Observer Program The smalltooth sandtiger, Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810), a large, deep-water shark species has been reported as occurring in the western North Atlantic Ocean based on a single female caught off the North Carolina
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