African Diaspora African Diaspora 5 (2012) 51-72 brill.nl/afdi China’s ‘Chocolate City’: An Ethnic Enclave in a Changing Landscape* Zhigang Lia, Michal Lyonsb and Alison Brownc a) Associate Professor, School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 510275
[email protected] b) Professor, PhD Programme Director, International Development Research Group Coordinator Faculty of Arts and Human Sciences, London South Bank University, Borough Rd, London SE1 0AA, UK
[email protected] c) Professor, Course Director MSc International Planning & Development, School of City & Regional Planning, Cardifff University, UK
[email protected] Abstract The recent rise of African communities in Guangzhou has been widely noted. To understand this ‘Chocolate City,’ with a series of fijield surveys in 2006-2010, we examine its diffferent development stages and shed particular light upon its internal and external linkages. Three modalities: the emerging enclave, the prosperous enclave and the collapsing enclave, have been identifijied. The rise of the ‘Chocolate City’ has been mainly attributed to the rise of Sino-Africa trading and the effforts of local entrepreneurs. The prosperity of the City was backed by the local states. How- ever, the involvement of local polices, the reform of the local immigration regime and the dete- rioration of economic relations resulted in its recent collapse. We argue that this ‘Chocolate City’ is a restructuring ethnic enclave underlying the impacts of ‘transient glocalization.’ The rise and fall of the ‘Chocolate City’ indicates the dynamic relations between the transient global-local nexus, immigration regime, and local geography. *) This article is supported by the Chinese Ministry of Education’s Key Project for Philosophy and Social Science Research, No.07JZD0025, No.11JZD0028; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40971095, No.41130747; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.