DOCSLIB.ORG

The Ways in Which the Public, in All Its Diversity, Can Be Involved in Consultative Programming Structures

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Ways in Which the Public, in All Its Diversity, Can Be Involved in Consultative Programming Structures COUNCIL CONSEIL OF EUROPE DE L’EUROPE The ways in which the public, in all its diversity, can be involved in consultative programming structures Salvatore Scifo H/Inf (2009) 11 The ways in which the public, in all its diversity, can be involved in consultative programming structures Report prepared by Salvatore Scifo, June 2009 Directorate General of Human Rights and Legal Affairs Council of Europe Strasbourg, June 2009 Acknowledgements The author of this report would like to thank a number of persons who have contributed to this research: the members of the Group of Specialists in Media Diversity (MC-S-MD), and in particular the European Broadcasting Union, Jacques Favre and Ed Klute for their comments on drafts of this report; Karin Wahl Jorgensen, of the Cardiff School of Journalism, Media and Cultural Studies, for her insightful perspectives given in the area of journalism and public participation; the Council of Europe’s Secretariat for his support in the process of preparation and editing of this report. The opinions expressed in this work are the responsibility of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the Council of Europe. Directorate General of Human Rights and Legal Affairs Council of Europe F-67075 Strasbourg Cedex http://www.Council of Europe.int/ © Council of Europe 2009 Printed at the Council of Europe Contents Executive summary . .5 A rationale for public’s involvement in programming structures . .5 How the public can interact with media institutions . .7 The European context . 10 Accountability and participation in the public service broadcasting . 11 The context . .11 The main features . .12 Some case studies . 13 Community/third sector media . 14 Newspapers/print media . 17 The contribution of civil society organisations . 19 Conclusions . 20 Recommendations . 21 References . 21 Salvatore Scifo, June 2009 Executive summary The report was commissioned by the The range of possible interactions Newspapers are also going through Council of Europe Group of Specialists between the media industry and the substantial changes and their online on Media Diversity (MC-S-MD), to re- public, including civil society organisa- versions now include more interactive search “the role of the media in pro- tions, include options of regulation, platforms that facilitate the participa- moting social cohesion and the self-regulation and co-regulation, and tion of the public and interaction with integration of different communities a wide range of tools that can be used their readers. However, further re- and in particular prepare a report ad- in each context. search is needed to analyse the dy- dressing the ways in which the public However, the mere formal existence of namics of participation and the in all its diversity can be involved in a law, procedure, code, body or com- editorial choices that occur in these consultative programming structures” mittee is not a guarantee of viewers’ platforms. Where effectively intro- across TV, radio, newspapers and new rights to be protected. Recent research duced, ombudsmen have improved media. findings offer a fragmented picture in the quality of the relationship terms of media accountability and between the newspapers and their The report draws on academic studies possibilities of participation that readers. and official reports on “consultative depends on the historical and social Where they exist, civil society organi- programming structures”, meaning the contexts of each country, ranging from sations provide extremely valuable wide range of tools that are available well-developed systems in some coun- work to monitor the media, represent- to the public to interact and to be con- tries to very weak or almost non exist- ing viewers’ interests within the indus- sulted by media institutions on pro- ent in others, where media systems are try, and providing information and gramming matters, with a focus of co- still in transition, following recent discussion forums to media users. regulation options. major media reforms. Where these organisations are weak or non existent there is a need to encour- Whereas for television and radio this Public service media are a key player in age their establishment and develop- term usually refers to viewers’ and lis- promoting social cohesion at national ment. teners’ panels, in the case of news- level across Europe, but need to con- papers it refers to ways in which the tinuously redefine the relationship Awareness of consultative program- public can get in touch with their with their audiences through the use ming structures has to be increased, editing hierarchies, commonly known of online platforms, and also open and the cause of non-participation to as “Letter to the Editor”, or their con- their content to conversation “in order be researched further with the collab- temporary equivalents in their online to build and maintain a constant dia- oration of all the stakeholders involved versions. logue with the public”. in this process. Community media, with their reliance The Council of Europe should keep Previous studies have shown that in on volunteers from the local commu- monitoring developments in this area many countries broadcasters and nity and the collaboration with a and possibly facilitate the constitution media authorities are developing en- network of civil society organisations of platforms which could bring to- hanced feedback tools, complaining involve their target audiences directly gether media institutions, policy procedures and websites to inform in researching, producing and present- makers and civil society, in order to consultations and facilitate the in- ing programmes. They are usually help raise the awareness on consulta- volvement of the public in consulta- more responsive as they are able to be tive programming structures, as well tive programming structures through in closer contact with their local com- as the opportunities and challenges internet-based platforms. munity than larger broadcasters. offered by digital media. A rationale for public’s involvement in programming structures The role of the media goes much further than which citizens use to make sense of and inter- The role of media institutions in simply providing information about events and pret the world in which they live. Consequently, shaping cultural identity, beyond their issues in our societies or allowing citizens and the role of communication media extends to in- use for information, entertainment groups to present their arguments and points of fluencing who we think we are and where we and education, is well documented. view: communication media also play a forma- believe we fit in (or not) in our world: in other Both industry and academic research words, the media also play a major role in tive role in society. That is, they are largely re- in the field has been, and continues to forming our cultural identity. (European Com- sponsible for forming (not just informing) the be, a subject for passionate discus- mission (EC), 1998:9) concepts, belief systems and even the lan- sions at both national and wider Euro- guages – visual and symbolic as well as verbal – pean level. 5 Ways in which the public can be involved in consultative programming structures In a continent where public service for the time being – this negative trend” (Celot “feeding into the broader constitutional en- broadcasting has historically played an and Gualtieri, 2005:351). deavour of effective citizen participation’, which important role in enhancing demo- In other words, requires ‘a diverse range of the views to be in cratic processes, this sector is currently circulation and accessible to as wide a range of “the digital revolution and platform conver- going through an unprecedented level the population as possible in order to allow for gence tend to divert funding from program- of change that is contributing to rede- comparison and triangulation” (Feintuck, ming to technology and marketing’ (Baldi and fine the concept of public service 1997:3). Hasebrink, 2007a:10) broadcasting (PSB) itself and how it adapts to the converging media sce- with consistent sums destined to In the newspaper industry, sector’s nario of this decade. promote cross-media presence and in- representatives have stated that tools frastructures. to facilitate consultation and interac- Private media concentration in fewer Less quality in programming can also tion with the programming structure hands and, in some cases, the process have social consequences on the are already incorporated in the layout of commercialisation of PSBs, as well public and this has attracted the atten- of the paper, in both internet and print as similar trends in the print and large tion of institutions such as UNESCO versions. However, the possibility of web-based media, have raised con- and the Council of Europe, which are submitting feedback, comments and cerns among policy makers, research- “trying to strengthen civil society or- opinions, does not automatically mean ers and sections of the public alike, ganisations in order to foster citizens’ that there will be an increased degree worried that citizens’ position in rela- participation” ( ibid ., 11). Regarding the of influence of the public, in the edito- tion to the media has been weakened Council of Europe, the issue of how rial choices and programming struc- in the last two decades, and that “tra- public service media should promote a tures of mainstream media and further ditional legal and market-oriented ac- wider democratic participation of indi- research is surely needed in this area. countability mechanisms alone are no viduals has been explored for a longer sufficient”. Therefore, as media number of years. Outside the realm of mainstream researchers Bardoel and d’Haenens media, community media, given their Moreover, the right to freedom of ex- argue, it is extremely important to own nature, have consultative struc- pression 1 through the media needs to discuss “to what extent modern media tures usually built-in their organisa- have balance with regards to other meet the citizen and how the account- tional structure.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Simplitv-Liste SAT Plus
    simpliTV-Liste SAT Plus Reihung Sender Verfügbarkeit 1 ORF 1 HD ORF DIGITAL DIREKT 2 ORF 2 NÖ HD ORF DIGITAL DIREKT 3 ATV HD ORF DIGITAL DIREKT 4 PULS 4 HD simpliTV SAT Plus 5 ServusTV HD Österreich ORF DIGITAL DIREKT 6 ORF III HD ORF DIGITAL DIREKT 7 ORF SPORT+ HD ORF DIGITAL DIREKT 8 ATV2 ORF DIGITAL DIREKT 9 ProSieben Austria HD simpliTV SAT Plus 10 SAT.1 Österreich HD simpliTV SAT Plus 11 kabel eins austria HD simpliTV SAT Plus 12 RTL UHD Austria simpliTV SAT Plus 13 RTL HD Austria simpliTV SAT Plus 14 VOX HD Austria simpliTV SAT Plus 15 ZDF HD frei verfügbar 16 Das Erste HD frei verfügbar 17 3sat HD frei verfügbar 18 SAT.1 Gold Österreich HD simpliTV SAT Plus 19 Sixx Austria HD simpliTV SAT Plus 20 ProSiebenMAXX Austria HD simpliTV SAT Plus 21 n-tv HD Austria simpliTV SAT Plus 22 RTLZWEI HD Austria simpliTV SAT Plus 23 ZDFneo HD frei verfügbar 24 BR Fernsehen Süd HD frei verfügbar 25 oe24.TV HD frei verfügbar 26 PULS 24 HD ORF DIGITAL DIREKT Reihung Sender Verfügbarkeit 27 SchauTV HD frei verfügbar 28 R9 HD Österreich frei verfügbar 29 BBC World News Europe HD frei verfügbar 30 WELT frei verfügbar 31 Eurosport 1 HD Austria simpliTV SAT Plus 32 Sky Sport News HD frei verfügbar 33 SPORT 1 HD simpliTV SAT Plus 34 KiKA HD frei verfügbar 35 Disney Channel HD Austria simpliTV SAT Plus 36 Nick Österreich frei verfügbar 37 Super RTL A frei verfügbar 38 RiC frei verfügbar 39 TOGGO Plus frei verfügbar 40 DMAX HD simpliTV SAT Plus 41 ZDFinfo HD frei verfügbar 42 Arte HD frei verfügbar 43 PHOENIX HD frei verfügbar 44 kabel eins Doku Austria
    [Show full text]
  • Capital Investment for Health: Case Studies from Europe
    European on Health Systems and Policies CAPITAL INVESTMENT FOR HEALTH Case studies from Europe Bernd Rechel Jonathan Erskine Barrie Dowdeswell Stephen Wright Martin McKee Observatory Studies Series No 18 Capital investment for health Th e European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies supports and promotes evidence- based health policy-making through comprehensive and rigorous analysis of health systems in Europe. It brings together a wide range of policy-makers, academics and practitioners to analyse trends in health reform, drawing on experience from across Europe to illuminate policy issues. Th e European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies is a partnership between the World Health Organization Regional Offi ce for Europe, the Governments of Belgium, Finland, Norway, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden, the Veneto Region of Italy, the European Investment Bank, the World Bank, the London School of Economics and Political Science and the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. Capital investment for health Case studies from Europe Bernd Rechel, Jonathan Erskine, Barrie Dowdeswell, Stephen Wright, Martin McKee Keywords: HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE – economics INVESTMENTS HEALTH ECONOMICS HEALTH FACILITIES PLANNING EUROPE © World Health Organization 2009, on behalf of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies All rights reserved. Th e European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. Address requests about publications to: Publications, WHO Regional Offi ce for Europe, Scherfi gsvej 8, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Alternatively, complete an online request form for documentation, health information, or for permission to quote or translate, on the Regional Offi ce web site (http://www.euro.who.int/pubrequest).
    [Show full text]
  • Complete Issue
    Culture Unbound: Journal of Current Cultural Research Thematic Section: Exhibiting Europe Edited by Stefan Krankenhagen Extraction from Volume 3, 2011 Linköping University Electronic Press ISSN 2000-1525 (www) URL: http://www.cultureunbound.ep.liu.se/ Copyright Culture Unbound: Journal of Current Cultural Research is published under the auspices of Linköping University Electronic Press. All Authors retain the copyright of their articles. The publishers will keep this document online on the Internet - or its possible replacement – for a considerable time from the date of publication barring exceptional circumstances. The online availability of the document implies a permanent permission for anyone to read, to download, to print out single copies for your own use and to use it unchanged for any non-commercial research and educational purpose. Subsequent transfers of copyright cannot revoke this permission. All other uses of the document are conditional on the consent of the copyright owner. The publisher has taken technical and administrative measures to assure authenticity, security and accessibility. According to intellectual property law the author has the right to be mentioned when his/her work is accessed as described above and to be protected against infringement. For additional information about the Linköping University Electronic Press and its procedures for publication and for assurance of document integrity, please refer to its WWW home page: www.ep.liu.se/. © 2011 The Authors. Culture Unbound, Extraction from Volume 3, 2011 Thematic Section: Exhibiting Europe Stefan Krankenhagen Exhibiting Europe: The Development of European Narratives in Museums, Collections, and Exhibitions ................................................................................................. 269 Torgeir Rinke Bangstad Routes of Industrial Heritage: On the Animation of Sedentary Objects ..............................
    [Show full text]
  • European Public Service Broadcasting Online
    UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI, COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH CENTRE (CRC) European Public Service Broadcasting Online Services and Regulation JockumHildén,M.Soc.Sci. 30November2013 ThisstudyiscommissionedbytheFinnishBroadcastingCompanyǡYle.Theresearch wascarriedoutfromAugusttoNovember2013. Table of Contents PublicServiceBroadcasters.......................................................................................1 ListofAbbreviations.....................................................................................................3 Foreword..........................................................................................................................4 Executivesummary.......................................................................................................5 ͳIntroduction...............................................................................................................11 ʹPre-evaluationofnewservices.............................................................................15 2.1TheCommission’sexantetest...................................................................................16 2.2Legalbasisofthepublicvaluetest...........................................................................18 2.3Institutionalresponsibility.........................................................................................24 2.4Themarketimpactassessment.................................................................................31 2.5Thequestionofnewservices.....................................................................................36
    [Show full text]
  • WORKPLACES in EUROPE Welcome ® to the European Great Place to Work Magazine!
    MAGAZINEEuropean Great Place to Work ® Magazine, Spring 2009 100 BESTWORKPLACES IN EUROPE Welcome ® to the European Great Place to Work Magazine! It is our privilege to celebrate the winners of the Best Workplaces in Europe 2009, our annual list of the most outstanding companies to work for in 16 nations across Europe. These orga- nisations represent the “best of the best” among European workplaces, as determined by employee surveys and a comprehensive evaluation of workplace practices. In this publication, you’ll read about some of the creative ways that these companies sup- port their employees, whether by “rolling out the red carpet” to new hires, keeping everyone informed about the company’s affairs, or providing training and recognition to help people grow in their jobs. While our primary goal is to honor what makes these 100 companies so special, we also hope their stories will spark ideas, insight, and inspiration for other companies. After all, as the com- panies featured here have discovered, creating a great workplace can produce many busi- table of contents FOREWORD ness benefits, including higher levels of productivity, loyalty, and dedication among employ- ees. 2 Foreword No matter where your organisation is on the “path” to becoming a great workplace, we wel- 3 Table of contents come your interest and participation in our mission. The Great Place to Work® Institute is dedi- 4 The Best Workplaces at a glance cated to building a better society by helping companies transform their workplaces. We offer 5 Methodology a range of services – including consulting, surveys, research, and more – to help companies 7 Best Large Workplaces in Europe 2009 fairness enrich their employees’ lives while fostering a high level of trust across the organisation.
    [Show full text]
  • Culture and the Policies of Change Culture and the Policies of Change Conference Reader Conference Reader
    CultureWatchEurope Conference 2010 Culture and the Policies of Change Culture and the Policies of Change Culture and the Policies Conference Reader Conference Reader Brussels, 6-7 September 2010 European European Economic Commission and Social Committee EUNIC CultureWatchEurope Conference 2010 “Culture and the Policies of Change” Conference Reader TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword................................................................................................................................................. 5 by Robert PALMER, Director of Culture and Cultural and Natural Heritage, Council of Europe Contribution on the Conference: Culture and the Policies of Change................................................... 7 by Jan TRUSZCZYŃSKI, Director-General for Education and Culture, European Commission Report on the Conference ...................................................................................................................... 9 by Steve GREEN, EUNIC Work Group Session Notes.................................................................................................................. 23 Background Papers.............................................................................................................................. 49 The Empathic Civilization by Jeremy RIFKIN................................................................................... 49 Empathic Education: the Transformation of Learning in an Interconnected World by Jeremy RIFKIN............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Eurovision Song Contest and the Changing Europe
    The Eurovision Song Contest and the Changing Europe The European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and Sveriges Television (SVT) are delighted to welcome you to the Stockholm School of Economics today. This conference explores the Eurovision Song Contest’s relationship to European unity and belonging at this particular historical moment, in which the idea and ideals of Europe are being challenged by the ongoing refugee crisis and the terror attacks on Paris and Brussels. It is intended to interrogate – and celebrate – the work that the Song Contest does in creating a felt sense of Europeanness amongst viewers and participants. AGENDA TIME SESSION 9.00 - 9.30 Registration 9.30 - 10.00 Welcome/Opening Remarks 10.00 - 11.15 Panel 1 11.15 - 11.30 Break 11:30 - 12.45 Panel 2 12.45 - 13.00 Closing/Wrap-Up Remarks Welcome and Opening Remarks Jon Ola Sand, Executive Supervisor, Eurovision Song Contest, EBU Emma Stenström, Director of the Research Centre for Arts, Business, and Culture, Stockholm School of Economics, and by a representative of the EBU. PANEL 1 - Transforming Europe, one city at a time How does the Eurovision Song Contest work to promote an idea of European belonging? How does it affect the cities that host it? Panelists: • Andreas Önnerfors is Associate Professor in the History of Sciences and Ideas at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden. His research covers the cultural history of Europe from the eighteenth century to today. In 2013 he organised a conference on the ESC in Malmö. • Peter Rehberg is DAAD Associate Professor in the Department of Germanic Studies at the University of Texas at Austin.
    [Show full text]
  • Preserving TV & Broadcast Archives
    PreservingPreserving TVTV && BroadcastBroadcast ArchivesArchives JuneJune 20022002 AdrianAdrian WilliamsWilliams SizeSize ofof thethe ArchiveArchive • The BBC has one of the largest multi-media archives in the world • 1.75 million items of film and videotape • 800,000 radio recordings • 3 million photographs • 1.2 million commercial recordings • 4 million items of sheet music • 22.5 million newspaper cuttings • 600,000 document files • 20,000 rolls of microfilm • 500,000 phonetic pronunciations UsageUsage ofof FormatsFormats 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2” Quad Videotape 1” C Format Videotape U-MATIC Videotape BETA Reversal Film Eastman & B/W Film Acetate Magnetic Sound Track TV Progs Sound - Shellac & Vinyl Discs Preservation of the Archives – total estimated spend £60M Formats at Film Sound 1” C U-Matic Reversal Eastman & 2” Quad B/W Film Risk Track Film (Ekta) Phases 1 & 2 Phases 1 & Phase 1 Phase 1 Vinyl BetaSP £1.4M 2 £1.17M £390K Sept 1998- £1.5M Sept Sept Oct 99 Sept 1998- 1998- 1998- Completed! Dec99 Dec99 Dec99 Interim: Jan 2000 £120K £260K £20K £7M £1.8M 3-yr Funding from May 2000 £6M £2M £2M Total Investment £6M £7M £16M £5M £3M £2M £9M £10M Preservation of the Archives – total estimated spend £60M Formats at Film Sound 1” C U-Matic Reversal Eastman & 2” Quad B/W Film Risk Track Film (Ekta) Vinyl BetaSP Project completed by Mar 2003 From £1M £3M April 2003 £9M £1.3M £9M From April 2006 £10M Total Investment £6M £7M £16M £5M £3M £2M £9M £10M PREPARATION & RESEARCH Offline editing Internet ARCHIVE MANIPU- RE-USE LATION CAPTURE IDEA
    [Show full text]
  • The Future of Video Indexing in the BBC
    The Future of Video Indexing in the BBC Joanne Evans, BBC Information & Archives TrecVid Workshop, NIST, 18/11/03 BBC Information and Archives Outline of presentation • Why the BBC needs video indexing • Why the BBC Archive needs video indexing • Media Asset Management • Automation - The Future Of Indexing? • Conclusion BBC Information and Archives 2 Why The BBC Needs Video Indexing • 700 hours of TV programmes transmitted per week on BBC1 & BBC2 • New digital channels – BBC3 – BBC4 – Cbeebies – CBBC • Plus Interactive TV BBC Information and Archives 3 Why The BBC Needs Video Indexing • Historical/heritage value • Source of information for research • Repeats/re-versioning • Re-use of extracts - including externally • Legal cases/programme complaints • Charter obligation BBC Information and Archives 4 Why The BBC Archive Needs Video Indexing • 750,000 hours of television programmes in the archive • The TV Archives receive over 2000 enquiries each week • We loan 45,000 items per month • The catalogues are online • We aim to provide desktop access to all content BBC Information and Archives 5 Types of enquiries • Who? • What? • Where? • When? BBC Information and Archives 6 Who? • “Matthew Parris House of Commons report” • “Terry Wogan doing bloomers” • “John Nicolson interview with Tony Blair” • “Programmes on Buffalo Bill” • “Gordon Brown at desk inside Treasury Building” BBC Information and Archives 7 What? • “Programmes on Islamic Week” • “The bombing of BBC Broadcasting House” • “Troops leaving Southampton for Suez” • “State of emergency
    [Show full text]
  • SALZBURG FESTIVAL 1 - 30 August 2020
    SALZBURG FESTIVAL 1 - 30 August 2020 The Most Successful Audio-Visual Recording Project in the History of the Festival Reaches more than 5 Million Viewers During the Festival Period Itself The “special” 2020 Salzburg Festival was acclaimed not only by audiences in Salzburg, but also by more than 5 million viewers across Europe on all ORF channels, ARTE, 3sat, Bavarian Television, Mezzo and on the online platforms ARTE Concert, fidelio and medici as well as in cinemas. An unprecedented number of transmissions was made possible this year by ARTE Concert: On August 1, ARTE Concert launched the “Salzburg für Jedermann” series with the opening production of Elektra. Through 31 August, every evening at 8:30 pm one production from the 2020 anniversary summer was streamed on ARTE Concert (www.arte.tv/salzburg). As of today, more than 700,000 viewers have watched the Salzburg Festival’s online streams. The operas Così fan tutte and Elektra alone were seen online by more than 200,000 people; Igor Levit’s Beethoven piano cycle had more than 190,000 viewers. Jedermann, which played to a sold-out house 14 times, became a true ratings hit for the Festival. The ORF 2 transmission was seen by 411,000 viewers, the highest number since the broadcast of La Traviata at the 2005 Salzburg Festival. An additional 236,000 people watched the broadcast of Jedermann on Bavarian Television. On 22 August, the day of the Jedermann anniversary, Jedermann had almost 300,000 additional viewers on 3sat, bringing the total TV audience close to one million. The TV transmissions of the opera productions Elektra (ORF 2 and 3sat) and Così fan tutte (ORF 2 and live on ARTE), the concerts of the Vienna Philharmonic conducted by Andris Nelsons (ARTE) and Riccardo Muti (ORF 2) and of the West-Eastern Divan Orchestra conducted by Daniel Barenboim (ARTE) as well as the final night of Igor Levit’s Beethoven piano cycle (ARTE) were watched by more than 1.5 million people in Austria, Germany and France.
    [Show full text]
  • MPM 2017 Country Report Austria
    Monitoring Media Pluralism in Europe: Application of the Media Pluralism Monitor 2017 in the European Union, FYROM, Serbia & Turkey Country Report: Austria Authors: Josef Seethaler, Maren Beaufort and Valentina Dopona TABLE OF CONTENT 1. About the Project 1 2. Introduction 2 3. Results from the data collection: assessment of the risks to media pluralism 3 3.1. Basic Protection (29% - low risk) 4 3.2. Market Plurality (43% - medium risk) 6 3.3. Political Independence (46% - medium risk) 7 3.4. Social Inclusiveness (46% - medium risk) 9 4. Conclusions 11 Annexe 1. Country Team 12 Annexe 2. Group of Experts 12 1. ABOUT THE PROJECT 1.1 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT The Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM) is a research tool that was designed to identify potential risks to media pluralism in the Member States of the European Union. This narrative report has been produced within the framework of the second EU-wide implementation of the MPM, carried out in 2017. The implementation was conducted in 28 EU Member States, Serbia, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYRoM) and Turkey with the support of a grant awarded by the European Union to the Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom (CMPF) at the European University Institute. 1.2 METHODOLOGICAL NOTE The CMPF cooperated with experienced, independent national researchers to carry out the data collection and to author the narrative reports, except in the cases of Malta and Italy where data collection was carried out centrally by the CMPF team. The research is based on a standardised questionnaire and apposite guidelines that were developed by the CMPF.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report AEGEE-Europe 2009/2010
    Key toAnnual Report Europe AEGEE-Europe 2009/2010 Editorial Foreword 3 Presidential Foreword 4 Network 16 When AEGEE Is Your Full-time Job 17 Exchange Ideas, Exchange Yourself 21 What Is AEGEE 6 Twin Antennae 22 Working Groups 7 New Generation, Second Generation 24 Position Papers 11 AEGEE Photo Stock 25 Human Resources Working Group 15 Facts & Stats 26 Projects 32 YOUrope Needs YOU 2 33 Perspectives for Tomorrow’s World 37 AEGEE in Frontline for EU Voting 39 Freedom of Press 41 Table Books Are Breathing in This Library 43 Amazing Experience of Sustaining our Future 46 Youth Unemployment 49 Where Does Europe End 50 of Celebrating Twenty Five Years 52 External Relations 54 Keeping Youth Policy Alive 55 Cooperation in Action 57 Content Study in Europe 61 Opinion 64 On Democracy, or Being the Devil’s Advocate 65 The Editor Our Editorial The Design The Photo in Chief Staff Department Director Hayal Michael Anita Isaac Maurits Wojciech Yıldız Makowiecki Kalmane Andela Korse Gajewski Published by AEGEE-Europe Rue Nestor de Tiere 15 Proofreaders Key to Europe magazine (circulation: 15000) is published B-1030 Brussels Claire Conroy annually, with financial support of the Youth in Action +32 2 245 2300 Nefeli Tsiouti programme of the European Commission and Council [email protected] Vincent de Bruijn of Europe’s www.aegee.org Andrea Ledwig European Youth Ana Cachapa Fooundation. © AEGEE-Europe 2010 AEGEE- Europe Editorial Foreword Photo: Pınar Mert Dear readers, Twenty five years ago, the European Students Forum was established within the light of only creating a borderless Europe.
    [Show full text]