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The Cavé in French Swordsmanship Patrick T
COLUMBIACLASSICALFENCING.COM The Cavé in French Swordsmanship Patrick T. Morgan Introduction French fencing masters wrote about the cavé (pronounced cahv-ay) as a distinct fencing action. In French, caver means to cave in or collapse. The cavé thus described how a fencer would change or position his wrist or body to create a sharp angle—“caving in” from, say, a straightened position— for a specific fencing purpose, whether offensive or defensive. Sensibly, then, the cavé is sometimes referred to as angulation today. But that term doesn’t always cover all the ways the French writers used the cavé. This is because, as explained below, you can also cavé by using no angulation. Three General Ways to Cavé For the French, there were three ways to cavé. From the on-guard position, you could cavé (1) at the hips or (2) with your rear leg. You could also (3) cavé the wrist of your sword arm, which itself was possible in three different ways. These methods were variously defensive or offensive. Importantly, these were not recommendations so much as taxonomy: as we’ll see, some of these ways of “cavé-ing” could get you killed. 1. The Cavé at the Hips Danet discussed the “cavation” of the body in the second volume of L’Art des Armes. The cavé of the hips is one of two types of esquive—that is, a movement or displacement of the fencer’s target area to evade a thrust—that Danet identified. As Danet described it, the cavé at the hips occurs by “lowering the shoulders and completely straightening the right knee” (en baissant les épaules, & dépliant tout-à- fait le genou droit). -
Birankai Bokken Training Guide
Birankai WEAPONS BOKKEN TRAINING GUIDE BASIC FOOTWORK STANCES 1) Footwork a. Suri ashi (forward and backward) b. Ushiro tenkan c. Ushiro tenkan with forward suri ashi d. Ayumi ashi 2) Stances a. Gedan b. Waki gamae c. Jodan d. Hasso e. Seigan EXERCISES 1) Katate Suburi a. Kesa / Gyaku kesa b. Shomen c. Yoko giri d. Nukitsuke variations of above 2) Morote Suburi (using above footwork) a. Shomen b. Tsuki c. Kesa 3) Shihogiri a. Right and left hamni b. Without and with tsuki 4) Happogiri a. Right and left hamni b. Without and with tsuki 5. 8-count Suburi a. Tachi-waza b. Suwari-waza 6. Uchi komi a. Shomen b. Tsuki PRINCIPLES c. Kesa 1. Execution i. Suri ashi with back foot 2. Extension ii. Suri ashi with front foot 3. Focus iii. Ayumi ashi 4. Distance Birankai WEAPONS BOKKEN TRAINING GUIDE TECHNIQUES 1) Kiriotoshi a. Exercises (with timing and distance variations for each) b. Variations i. Jodan i. Shomen (jodan) Suriotoshi 1. Slow / Medium / Fast 1. Inside (uchi) 2. Close / At a distance 2. Outside (soto) ii. Chudan ii. Tsuki (chudan) Suriotoshi iii. Gedan iii. Kote (uchi) Suriotoshi iv. Tsuki iv. Kote (soto) Makiuchi 2) Kirikaeshi a. Kirikaeshi Exercises (Partner work – from horse stance) i. Mawashiuchi ii. Suriotoshi iii. Uchiotoshi iv. Suriage b. Kirikaeshi Exercises (Partner Work – from hamni) i. Above four exercises ii. Variations 1. Any attack, above four exercises c. Kirikaeshi Applications (Tai-no-Atari) 3) Kumi Tachi (five encounters) a. Ichi no Tachi b. Ni no Tachi c. San no Tachi d. Yon no Tachi e. -
The Sword Conservatory, Inc
What are your sword The Sword fighting needs? Conservatory, Inc. Medieval sword fighting class Stage Combat The Sword Conservatory offers classes, educational programs, and demonstrations in a variety of sword fighting styles from medieval through modern sport fencing and stage combat. The Sword Conservatory, Inc. Cutlass lessons Whether you wish to take a sword fighting class, need an Mailing Address educational presentation to your Teaching the history, 112 Tonks Trail school group or civic Holly Springs, NC 27450 sport, and art of organization, or need a demonstration group for your Website: www.swordconservatory.org swordsmanship to all festival, The Sword Conservatory Email: [email protected] with safety and fun. can help. Please contact us at (www.swordconservatory.org) [email protected] Who we are and what we do. Teaching at Schools The Sword Conservatory is a non-profit Festivals and Organizations [501(c)(3)] organization dedicated to research and teaching sword fighting from medieval through 19th century styles, plus modern sport fencing and stage choreography. Classes At the Hunt Center in Holly Springs, we teach the following classes: Medieval sword fighting - single- handed sword, two-handed sword, Festivals School Groups and Civic sword & shield, dagger, staff, and more. We have a variety of programs to offer Organizations Historic fencing - rapier, small sword, various festivals, like Renaissance Faires, We offer educational programs for school cutlass, and military sabre Pirate Festivals, and Sci-Fi -
Swordsmanship and Sabre in Fribourg
Acta Periodica Duellatorum, Hands-on section, articles 103 Hands-on section, articles Sweat and Blood: Swordsmanship and sabre in Fribourg Mathijs Roelofsen, PhD Student, University of Bern [email protected], and Dimitri Zufferey, Independant Researcher, GAFSchola Fribourg, [email protected] Abstract – Following a long mercenary tradition, Switzerland had to build in the 19th century its own military tradition. In Cantons that have provided many officers and soldiers in the European Foreign Service, the French military influence remained strong. This article aims to analyze the development of sabre fencing in the canton of Fribourg (and its French influence) through the manuals of a former mercenary (Joseph Bonivini), a fencing master in the federal troops (Joseph Tinguely), and an officer who became later a gymnastics teacher (Léon Galley). These fencing manuals all address the recourse to fencing as physical training and gymnastic exercise, and not just as a combat system in a warlike context. Keywords – Sabre, Fribourg, Valais, Switzerland, fencing, contre-pointe, bayonet I. INTRODUCTION In military history, the Swiss are known for having offered military service as mercenaries over a long time period. In the 19th century, this system was however progressively abandoned, while the country was creating its own national army from the local militias. The history of 19th century martial practices in Switzerland did not yet get much attention from historians and other researchers. This short essay is thus a first attempt to set some elements about fencing in Switzerland at that time, focusing on some fencing masters from one Swiss Canton (Fribourg) through biographical elements and fencing manuals. -
Anleitung Für Die Kendo Rüstungen Handhabung Und Pflege Von Shinai, Kendokleidung Und Rüstung
Anleitung für die Kendo Rüstungen Handhabung und Pflege von Shinai, Kendokleidung und Rüstung (Vielfältigung dieses Buches ist unzulässig) INHALT Vorwort Kendo ohne Gefahr…………………………………………………………………………………………1 1. Das Shinai (chikutou)竹刀 1-1 Allgemeine Beschreibung(Gewicht und Länge)…………………………………………………………………2 Shinai-Pflege nach jedem Training nicht vergessen !…………………………………………………………3 & Zur Kenntnis: Über das Shinai…………………………………………………………………………………3 1-2 Shinai auseinander bauen………………………………………………………………………………………5 1-3 Splitter entfernen…………………………………………………………………………………………………6 1-4 Gebrauchte Shinai-Teile zusammen bauen.……………………………………………………………………7 1-5 Sakigawa (Leder-Spitze) zusammenbauen………………………………………………………………………8 1-6 Tsuru (Schnur) zusammen binden………………………………………………………………………………9 1-7 Das Binden der Nakayui (Lederschnur)…………………………………………………………………………12 1-8 Tsuba und Tsubadome…………………………………………………………………………………………13 1-9 Wie man das Shinai trägt…………………………………………………………………………………………13 & Zur Kenntnis: Shinai / Bokutou Bokken(Holzschwert) / Katana (Schwert)…………………………………14 2. Das Kendogi (Jacke) 剣道衣 2-1 Allgemeine Beschreibung)………………………………………………………………………………………15 & Zur Kenntnis: Warum Baumwolle, warum Indigo-blau? ……………………………………………………15 2-2 Anziehen…………………………………………………………………………………………………………16 2-3 Waschen…………………………………………………………………………………………………………16 2-4 Zusammenfalten…………………………………………………………………………………………………17 3. Das Hakama (Hosenrock) 袴 3-1 Allgemeine Beschreibung…………………………………………………………………………………………18 & Zur Kenntnis: Interessantes über das Hakama………………………………………………………………18 3-2 -
THE HISTORY of the RAPIER the Culture and Construction of the Renaissance Weapon
THE HISTORY OF THE RAPIER The Culture and Construction of the Renaissance Weapon An Interactive Qualifying Project Report Submitted to the Faculty of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science By Robert Correa Andrew Daudelin Mark Fitzgibbon Eric Ostrom 15 October 2013 Submitted to: Professor Diana A. Lados Mr. Tom H. Thomsen Abstract At the end of the Middle Ages, weapons began to be used not only on the battlefield, but for civilian use as well. The rapier became the essential self-defense weapon of the “Renaissance man.” This project explores the evolution and manufacture of the rapier through history. This cut-and-thrust sword was manufactured by artisans who had to develop new methods of crafting metal in order to make the thin, light blade both durable and ductile. To study this process, a rapier was constructed using classical methods. Upon the completion of the replica, its material properties were studied using a surface microscope. The project also included contributing to the WPI Arms and Armor website. ii Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Professor Diana Lados and Mr. Tom Thomsen for creating the Evolution of Arms and Armor Interactive Qualifying Project. Their guidance and assistance were invaluable throughout the project experience. A huge thanks also to Josh Swalec and Ferromorphics Blacksmithing. The expertise of Mr. Swalec and others at Ferromorphics was key to learning smithing techniques and using them to construct a replica of a rapier in the Renaissance style. Mr. Swalec opened the doors of his shop to us and was welcoming every step of the way. -
Fma-Special-Issue Kali-Eskrima-Arnis
Publisher Steven K. Dowd Contributing Writers Leo T. Gaje, Jr Nick Papadakis Steven Drape Bot Jocano Contents From the Publishers Desk Kali Kali Means to Scrape Eskrima Arnis: A Question of Origins Filipino Martial Arts Digest is published and distributed by: FMAdigest 1297 Eider Circle Fallon, Nevada 89406 Visit us on the World Wide Web: www.fmadigest.com The FMAdigest is published quarterly. Each issue features practitioners of martial arts and other internal arts of the Philippines. Other features include historical, theoretical and technical articles; reflections, Filipino martial arts, healing arts and other related subjects. The ideas and opinions expressed in this digest are those of the authors or instructors being interviewed and are not necessarily the views of the publisher or editor. We solicit comments and/or suggestions. Articles are also welcome. The authors and publisher of this digest are not responsible for any injury, which may result from following the instructions contained in the digest. Before embarking on any of the physical activates described in the digest, the reader should consult his or her physician for advice regarding their individual suitability for performing such activity. From the Publishers Desk Kumusta This is a Special Issue that will raise some eyebrows. It seems that when you talk of Kali, Eskrima, or Arnis, there is controversy on where they came from and what they are about. And when you finally think you have the ultimate understanding then you find little things that add, change, subtract from the overall concept. Well in this Special Issue the FMAdigest obtained permission from the authors to take their explanation, some published years ago. -
Downloaded and Shared for Private Use Only – Republication, in Part Or in Whole, in Print Or Online, Is Expressly Forbidden Without the Written Consent of the Author
The International Armizare Society Presents: Beginning Armizare An Introduction to Medieval Swordsmanship Gregory D. Mele © 2001 - 2016 Beginning Armizare: An Introduction to Medieval Swordsmanship Copyright Notice: © 2014 Gregory D. Mele, All Rights Reserved. This document may be downloaded and shared for private use only – republication, in part or in whole, in print or online, is expressly forbidden without the written consent of the author. ©2001-2016 Gregory D. Mele Page 2 Beginning Armizare: An Introduction to Medieval Swordsmanship TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword 4 Introduction: The Medieval Art of Arms 5 I. Spada a Dui Mani: The Longsword 7 II. Stance and Footwork 9 III. Poste: The Guards of the Longsword 14 IV. Learning to Cut with the Longsword 17 V. Defending with the Fendente 23 VI. Complex Blade Actions 25 VII. Parrata e Risposta 25 Appendix A: Glossary 28 Appendix B: Bibliography 30 Appendix C: Armizare Introductory Class Lesson Plan 31 ©2001-2016 Gregory D. Mele Page 3 Beginning Armizare: An Introduction to Medieval Swordsmanship FOREWORD The following document was originally developed as a study guide and training companion for students in the popular "Taste of the Knightly Arts" course taught by the Chicago Swordplay Guild. It has been slightly revised, complete with the 12 class outline used in that course in order to assist new teachers, small study groups or independent students looking for a way to begin their study of armizare. Readers should note that by no means is this a complete curriculum. There is none of the detailed discussion of body mechanics, weight distribution or cutting mechanics that occurs during classroom instruction, nor an explanation of the number of paired exercises that are used to develop student's basic skills, outside of the paired techniques, or "set-plays," themselves. -
First Encounter with Iai in Japan, the Days of Sword-Wielding Battles Are A
PROMENADE In Japan, the days of sword-wielding battles are a thing of the past. However, one of the techniques of wielding swords is being passed on from generation to generation. It is iaido (iai for short), the art of drawing a sword in one stroke to cut down the opponent or ward off an attack. “Why use a sword in this peaceful era?” you may ask. However, iai does not train people to kill one another. Iai is being handed down because one of its purposes is to train the soul – a world of great depth. First Encounter with Iai States also participated. I was filled with anticipation because it was hard to imagine how these people, so different in statures and looks, Recently, I had a chance to see a demonstration of iai for the first would perform with a Japanese sword, dressed in traditional formal time. Even in Japan, not so many people watch iai demonstrations Japanese attire – a kimono with a family crest and a full-length, unless they are particularly interested. Even though I took some pleated and divided skirt worn over it. lessons in kendo (Japanese swordsmanship) when I was a child, I I learned that these people practice in five southwestern cities in had nothing to do with iai except that my grandfather, Osamu the United States – Phoenix (Arizona), Lancaster and Austin (both Toyoda, was a master of iai. Kendo and iai are on the same line of California), Las Vegas (Nevada), and El Paso (Texas). And there are Japanese martial arts featuring the use of swords, but a real sword is also many women practitioners. -
Swordplay Through the Ages Daniel David Harty Worcester Polytechnic Institute
Worcester Polytechnic Institute Digital WPI Interactive Qualifying Projects (All Years) Interactive Qualifying Projects April 2008 Swordplay Through The Ages Daniel David Harty Worcester Polytechnic Institute Drew Sansevero Worcester Polytechnic Institute Jordan H. Bentley Worcester Polytechnic Institute Timothy J. Mulhern Worcester Polytechnic Institute Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/iqp-all Repository Citation Harty, D. D., Sansevero, D., Bentley, J. H., & Mulhern, T. J. (2008). Swordplay Through The Ages. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/iqp-all/3117 This Unrestricted is brought to you for free and open access by the Interactive Qualifying Projects at Digital WPI. It has been accepted for inclusion in Interactive Qualifying Projects (All Years) by an authorized administrator of Digital WPI. For more information, please contact [email protected]. IQP 48-JLS-0059 SWORDPLAY THROUGH THE AGES Interactive Qualifying Project Proposal Submitted to the Faculty of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation by __ __________ ______ _ _________ Jordan Bentley Daniel Harty _____ ________ ____ ________ Timothy Mulhern Drew Sansevero Date: 5/2/2008 _______________________________ Professor Jeffrey L. Forgeng. Major Advisor Keywords: 1. Swordplay 2. Historical Documentary Video 3. Higgins Armory 1 Contents _______________________________ ........................................................................................0 Abstract: .....................................................................................................................................2 -
Train Driver and Master Iaido Swordsman
People Train Driver and Master Iaido Swordsman aido is a martial art based on use of Takeshi Kawaguchi, chief driver in the The founder of iaido is believed to be I the Japanese sword (nihonto), said by Narashino Train Crew Depot of the JR East Jinsukeshigenobu Hayashizaki, a retainer many to comprise the origin of all martial Chiba Branch Office is one of many avid of the Mogami feudal clan in Oshu (cur- arts in Japan. During the samurai era, followers of iaido in Japan today. rent-day Yamagata Prefecture in northern members of the warrior class trained in Kawaguchi was raised in a rural district Honshu) during the Eiroku Era (1558–69) this discipline as a means of developing of Ibaraki Prefecture. Growing up in a whose school of fencing came to be their fencing skills. But today, it is referred rich natural environment, he was active known as the Hayashizakimuso School, to as, ‘The path for spiritual strength in sports, and trained hard in baseball, his or the Shigenobu School. Nearly two cen- through training in sword lore’. In other first love. At graduation from senior high turies later during the Kyoho Era (1716– words, iaido has come to be pursued as a school, he joined the Chiba Railway Op- 36), Shuze Hasegawa, a swordsman of means of self-refinement and self-devel- erating Division of the former JNR. One unprecedented prowess, fused his unique opment. of the key reasons for choosing this job technique into the art, and changed the Kendo (Japanese fencing), one of the tra- was the chance to continue to pursue his name of the school to the Musojikiden ditional arts passed on from generation- love of baseball. -
Seminar on Japanese Swords 7 February 2005
Tsurugi-Bashi Kendo Kai University of Cambridge Kendo Society Seminar on Japanese swords 7 February 2005 Revised proceedings Proceedings editor: Nicholas Taylor Copyright c Tsurugi Bashi 2005 http://www.cam.ac.uk/societies/kendo/ Table of Contents Preface FrankStajano....................................... ...............3 A visit to a sword polisher's workshop FrankStajano....................................... ...............4 The parts of the Japanese sword NeilHubbard........................................ ..............7 Katana and Kendo: Background and Reigi HyoWonKim.......................................... ...........9 Functional differences between European medieval and Japa- nese swords SabineBuchholz...................................... ............11 Manufacture of Japanese swords RichardBoothroyd..................................... ...........13 Zen and the Way of the Sword KristiinaJokinen................................... ...............15 Metallurgy and the Japanese Sword NicholasTaylor..................................... ..............17 2 Preface On a sunny morning in December 2004 I happened to pass by the British Museum and my attention was caught by an elegant black poster featuring a beautiful Japanese sword blade. I immediately went in and was delighted at the chance to admire a won- derful exhibition of the Museum’s magnificent collection of about a hundred Japanese blades, all recently restored in Japan. Once back in Cambridge, I set out to organize a visit to the exhibition for members of our kendo dojo, Tsurugi-Bashi. Although, as one might expect, many of our kendoka have an interest in Japanese swords, none of us is really knowledgeable, let alone an expert or collector. We therefore needed some preparation and guidance in order fully to appreciate the visit. In the spirit of encouraging people to find out more about the subject, I there- fore requested that members wishing to join the guided tour carry out a little research about some aspect of the Japanese sword, write it up as a short essay and present it to the others.