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Tempalte Untuk Menulis Di Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea

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Tempalte Untuk Menulis Di Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea eISSN 2407-7860 Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea (2020) 9(2), 83-92 pISSN 2302-299X Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea Akreditasi LIPI: 764/AU1/P2MI-LIPI/10/2016 Akreditasi KEMENRISTEKDIKTI: 36b/E/KPT/2016 www.jurnal.balithutmakassar.org PENAMBAHAN KOLEKSI TUMBUHAN KEBUN RAYA PURWODADI MELALUI EKSPLORASI DI TAMAN NASIONAL ALAS PURWO (Plants Collection Enrichment of Purwodadi Botanic Garden Through Exploration in Alas Purwo National Park) Deden Mudiana, Elga Renjana*, Elok Rifqi Firdiana, Linda Wige Ningrum, Melisnawati H. Angio, and Rony Irawanto Pusat Penelitian Konservasi Tumbuhan dan Kebun Raya, LIPI Jl. Ir. H. Juanda No. 13 Bogor 16122, Jawa Barat, Indonesia Article Info ABSTRAK Kebun Raya Purwodadi (KR Purwodadi) merupakan lembaga konservasi ex situ Article History: Received 12 June 2020; tumbuhan dataran rendah beriklim kering yang bertujuan untuk received in revised form 22 menyelamatkan dan melindungi keanekaragaman hayati dari kepunahan. Dalam July 2020; accepted 28 July mendukung upaya konservasi ex situ, kegiatan eksplorasi tumbuhan di habitat 2020. aslinya perlu dilakukan. Taman Nasional (TN) Alas Purwo memiliki kawasan Available online since hutan dataran rendah dengan keanekaragaman tumbuhan yang melimpah. 31 August 2020 Selain berfungsi sebagai kawasan konservasi, TN Alas Purwo juga menjadi objek Kata Kunci: wisata alam dan religi, sehingga berpeluang mengalami kerusakan ekosistem. IUCN, Kebun Raya Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka dilakukan penelitian keanekaragaman Purwodadi, konservasi tumbuhan dengan kegiatan eksplorasi dan pengoleksian material tumbuhan ex situ, TN Alas Purwo untuk tujuan konservasi ex situ di KR Purwodadi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Keywords: bulan Agustus sampai dengan September 2019 dengan metode jelajah. Alas Purwo National Park, Sebanyak 24 jenis tumbuhan diperoleh dari kegiatan ini yang 8 jenis di ex situ conservation, IUCN, antaranya belum dimiliki oleh KR Purwodadi. Selain itu, terdapat 5 jenis Purwodadi Botanic Garden tumbuhan yang termasuk dalam IUCN red list, yaitu Aglaonema simplex, Brucea javanica, Cycas rumphii, Melanolepis multiglandulosa, dan Musa acuminata. How to cite this article: Mudiana, D., Renjana, E., Kegiatan ini telah meningkatkan jumlah koleksi tumbuhan di KR Purwodadi dan Firdiana, E. R., Ningrum, L. berkontribusi positif terhadap kelengkapan data jenis tumbuhan di TN Alas W., Angio, M. H. & Irawanto, Purwo. R. (2020). Plants Collection ABSTRACT Enrichment of Purwodadi Botanic Garden Through Purwodadi Botanic Garden (KR Purwodadi) is an ex situ conservation institution Exploration in Alas Purwo for dry climate lowland plants aiming at saving and protecting biodiversity from National Park. Jurnal extinction. In supporting ex situ conservation efforts, plant exploration activities in Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea, 9(2), 83-92. doi: their natural habitat need to be carried out. Alas Purwo National Park has a http://dx.doi.org/10.1833 lowland forest area with abundant plant diversity. In addition to functioning as a 0/jwallacea.2020.vol9iss2p conservation forest, this area is also a natural and religious tourist attraction, so it p83-92 is likely to undergo ecosystem damage. Therefore, this plant diversity study with the activity of plants exploration and collection was carried out for the purpose of Read online: ex situ conservation in KR Purwodadi. This study was conducted in August to Scan this September 2019 using an explorative method. A total of 24 species were obtained, QR code with of which 8 species were not yet cultivated by KR Purwodadi. Besides, there were 5 your species included in the IUCN red list, namely Aglaonema simplex, Brucea javanica, Smart Cycas rumphii, Melanolepis multiglandulosa, and Musa acuminata. This study has phone or increased the number of plant collections in KR Purwodadi and contribute mobile device to read online. positively to the comprehensiveness of plant species data in Alas Purwo National Park. *Corresponding author. Tel/Fax: +62 2518311362 E-mail address: [email protected] (E. Renjana) ©JPKW-2020. Open access under CC BY-NC-SA license Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea Vol. 9 No.2, Agustus 2020: 83 - 92 I. PENDAHULUAN tumbuhan di habitat aslinya. Selain itu, Indonesia merupakan negara dengan kegiatan eksplorasi juga bertujuan untuk tingkat keanekaragaman tumbuhan yang meningkatkan keanekaragaman koleksi tinggi, yaitu sekitar 89.326 jenis tumbuhan tumbuhan di KR Purwodadi, terutama yang berspora termasuk paku-pakuan dan 19.232 masuk dalam IUCN red list. Salah satu hal jenis tumbuhan berbunga (BAPPENAS, 2016). yang perlu diperhatikan sebelum melakukan Namun keanekaragaman tumbuhan di kegiatan eksplorasi adalah memastikan Indonesia mengalami ancaman kepunahan bahwa lokasi eksplorasi serupa dengan yang makin serius, yaitu sebanyak 437 jenis kawasan KR Purwodadi, agar tumbuhan hasil tumbuhan telah terancam punah, dan bahkan eksplorasi memiliki daya hidup yang tinggi. mencapai lebih dari 600 jenis apabila Taman Nasional Alas Purwo (TN Alas kategori hampir terancam (near threatened) Purwo) merupakan kawasan konservasi in dimasukkan (Widyatmoko, 2019). situ hutan hujan tropis dataran rendah di Faktor-faktor yang mendorong peningkatan Jawa Timur yang ekosistemnya masih terjaga ancaman terhadap kelestarian tumbuhan (Diartika et al., 2018). Menurut Hidayat antara lain degradasi habitat, tumbuhan (2008), kawasan ini memiliki sedikitnya 584 invasif, eksploitasi berlebihan, dan perubahan jenis tumbuhan yang terdiri atas rumput, iklim (Murphy & Romanuk, 2014). Hal herba, semak, liana, dan pohon. Selain tersebut memerlukan suatu upaya yang cepat kawasan konservasi, TN Alas Purwo juga dan tepat demi menjaga kelestarian berfungsi sebagai objek wisata alam dan tumbuhan, baik melalui konservasi in situ religi. Hal ini membuka peluang terjadinya maupun ex situ. Adanya peningkatan tekanan kerusakan ekosistem oleh para wisatawan pada habitat aslinya menyebabkan konservasi yang tidak bertanggung jawab, sehingga ex situ lebih mendesak untuk dilakukan. aktivitas konservasi sangat diperlukan Oldfield (2009) menyatakan bahwa sebagai upaya pencegahan kepunahan penerapan konservasi ex situ dapat dilakukan tumbuhan. Selain itu, kegiatan eksplorasi dan untuk mempertahankan kelestarian identifikasi tumbuhan di TN Alas Purwo tumbuhan baik dalam jangka pendek, belum banyak dilakukan. Apabila ditinjau menengah, maupun panjang. Konservasi ex dari kondisi iklim dan ketinggian tempatnya, situ dilakukan dengan memindahkan TN Alas Purwo dan KR Purwodadi memiliki jenis-jenis tumbuhan yang terancam punah kemiripan, yaitu keduanya beriklim moonson atau memiliki nilai guna dan ekonomi ke (pergantian musim penghujan dan musim suatu lahan di luar habitat aslinya, seperti kemarau sangat jelas) dan terletak di daerah kebun botani atau kebun raya, namun tetap dataran rendah. Dengan adanya kesamaan ini, memperhatikan faktor pendukung konservasi ex situ diharapkan menjadi lebih pertumbuhan tumbuhan tersebut (Heywood, mudah, sehingga kelestarian tumbuhan dapat 2010). dipertahankan. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini Kebun Raya Purwodadi (KR Purwodadi) bertujuan untuk menambah keanekaragaman merupakan salah satu kebun raya di koleksi tumbuhan di KR Purwodadi, Indonesia yang berfungsi sebagai lembaga mengidentifikasi dan melengkapi data jenis konservasi ex situ tumbuhan dataran rendah tumbuhan TN Alas Purwo yang dikoleksi dari beriklim kering. Sebanyak 179 suku, 984 kegiatan eksplorasi, serta mengetahui status marga, 2.098 jenis, dan 12.080 spesimen konservasi tumbuhan-tumbuhan tersebut. koleksi tumbuhan telah dikonservasi di KR Purwodadi sejak tahun 1941 (Kebun Raya II. METODE PENELITIAN Purwodadi, 2020). Selama proses konservasi dilakukan, terdapat beberapa jenis koleksi A. Waktu dan Lokasi Penelitian tumbuhan yang tidak mampu beradaptasi Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Agustus dengan baik di lingkungan KR Purwodadi. Hal sampai dengan September 2019 di kawasan ini mengakibatkan penurunan jumlah hutan TN Alas Purwo tepatnya di blok spesimen beberapa jenis koleksi tumbuhan di kawasan Mangleng, Patirtan, dan Jalur KR Purwodadi, sehingga diperlukan upaya Pengamatan Burung (Gambar 1). penambahan koleksi tumbuhan, salah satunya melalui kegiatan eksplorasi 84 Penambahan Koleksi Tumbuhan Kebun Raya Purwodadi Melalui Eksplorasi … Deden Mudiana et al. 2 3 1 Gambar 1. Peta lokasi eksplorasi di blok kawasan TN Alas Purwo. Jalur Pengamatan Burung [1], Mangleng [2], dan Patirtan [3] (Sumber: SPTN Wilayah II - Balai Taman Nasional Alas Purwo, Kab. Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur) Figure 1. Exploration site maps at areal blocks of Alas Purwo National Park. Birdwatching Track [1], Mangleng [2], and Patirtan [3] (Source: SPTN Region II – Alas Purwo National Park, Banyuwangi Regency, East Java) B. Alat dan Bahan menggunakan metode jelajah, yaitu dengan Peralatan yang digunakan pada menyusuri lokasi penelitian dan mengamati penelitian ini antara lain Global Positioning jenis-jenis tumbuhan yang ada. Jenis System (GPS Garmin Map 62sc) untuk tumbuhan target yang dikonservasi adalah mendokumentasikan posisi/letak tumbuhan tumbuhan yang belum ada maupun yang yang dikoleksi, Luxmeter (Lutron LX-107) telah ada di KR Purwodadi, tetapi jumlahnya untuk mengukur intensitas cahaya, suhu, terbatas atau bukan berasal dari pulau Jawa. kelembapan udara pada lokasi tumbuhan Apabila ditemukan jenis tumbuhan target, yang dikoleksi, pHmeter tanah (Takemura DM maka anakan/buah/biji dari tumbuhan 5) untuk mengukur pH tanah, dan gunting tersebut dikoleksi untuk dikonservasi. Dalam stek, sabit, cetok, label digunakan
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