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Cultural Anthropology Through the Lens of Wikipedia: Historical Leader Networks, Gender Bias, and News-Based Sentiment
Cultural Anthropology through the Lens of Wikipedia: Historical Leader Networks, Gender Bias, and News-based Sentiment Peter A. Gloor, Joao Marcos, Patrick M. de Boer, Hauke Fuehres, Wei Lo, Keiichi Nemoto [email protected] MIT Center for Collective Intelligence Abstract In this paper we study the differences in historical World View between Western and Eastern cultures, represented through the English, the Chinese, Japanese, and German Wikipedia. In particular, we analyze the historical networks of the World’s leaders since the beginning of written history, comparing them in the different Wikipedias and assessing cultural chauvinism. We also identify the most influential female leaders of all times in the English, German, Spanish, and Portuguese Wikipedia. As an additional lens into the soul of a culture we compare top terms, sentiment, emotionality, and complexity of the English, Portuguese, Spanish, and German Wikinews. 1 Introduction Over the last ten years the Web has become a mirror of the real world (Gloor et al. 2009). More recently, the Web has also begun to influence the real world: Societal events such as the Arab spring and the Chilean student unrest have drawn a large part of their impetus from the Internet and online social networks. In the meantime, Wikipedia has become one of the top ten Web sites1, occasionally beating daily newspapers in the actuality of most recent news. Be it the resignation of German national soccer team captain Philipp Lahm, or the downing of Malaysian Airlines flight 17 in the Ukraine by a guided missile, the corresponding Wikipedia page is updated as soon as the actual event happened (Becker 2012. -
Worlds Apart: Bosnian Lessons for Global Security
Worlds Apart Swanee Hunt Worlds Apart Bosnian Lessons for GLoBaL security Duke university Press Durham anD LonDon 2011 © 2011 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid- free paper ♾ Designed by C. H. Westmoreland Typeset in Charis by Tseng Information Systems, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data appear on the last printed page of this book. To my partners c harLes ansBacher: “Of course you can.” and VaLerie GiLLen: “Of course we can.” and Mirsad JaceVic: “Of course you must.” Contents Author’s Note xi Map of Yugoslavia xii Prologue xiii Acknowledgments xix Context xxi Part i: War Section 1: Officialdom 3 1. insiDe: “Esteemed Mr. Carrington” 3 2. outsiDe: A Convenient Euphemism 4 3. insiDe: Angels and Animals 8 4. outsiDe: Carter and Conscience 10 5. insiDe: “If I Left, Everyone Would Flee” 12 6. outsiDe: None of Our Business 15 7. insiDe: Silajdžić 17 8. outsiDe: Unintended Consequences 18 9. insiDe: The Bread Factory 19 10. outsiDe: Elegant Tables 21 Section 2: Victims or Agents? 24 11. insiDe: The Unspeakable 24 12. outsiDe: The Politics of Rape 26 13. insiDe: An Unlikely Soldier 28 14. outsiDe: Happy Fourth of July 30 15. insiDe: Women on the Side 33 16. outsiDe: Contact Sport 35 Section 3: Deadly Stereotypes 37 17. insiDe: An Artificial War 37 18. outsiDe: Clashes 38 19. insiDe: Crossing the Fault Line 39 20. outsiDe: “The Truth about Goražde” 41 21. insiDe: Loyal 43 22. outsiDe: Pentagon Sympathies 46 23. insiDe: Family Friends 48 24. outsiDe: Extremists 50 Section 4: Fissures and Connections 55 25. -
Madeleine Albright, Gender, and Foreign Policy-Making
Journal of Political Science Volume 33 Number 1 Article 2 November 2005 Madeleine Albright, Gender, and Foreign Policy-Making Kevin J. Lasher Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.coastal.edu/jops Part of the Political Science Commons Recommended Citation Lasher, Kevin J. (2005) "Madeleine Albright, Gender, and Foreign Policy-Making," Journal of Political Science: Vol. 33 : No. 1 , Article 2. Available at: https://digitalcommons.coastal.edu/jops/vol33/iss1/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Politics at CCU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Political Science by an authorized editor of CCU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Madeleine Albright , Gender, and Foreign Policy-Making Kevin J. Lashe r Francis Marion University Women are finally becoming major participants in the U.S. foreign policy-making establishment . I seek to un derstand how th e arrival of women foreign policy-makers might influence the outcome of U.S. foreign polic y by fo cusi ng 011 th e activities of Mad elei n e A !bright , the first wo man to hold the position of Secretary of State . I con clude that A !bright 's gender did hav e some modest im pact. Gender helped Albright gain her position , it affected the manner in which she carried out her duties , and it facilitated her working relationship with a Repub lican Congress. But A !bright 's gender seemed to have had relatively little effect on her ideology and policy recom mendations . ver the past few decades more and more women have won election to public office and obtained high-level Oappointive positions in government, and this trend is likely to continue well into the 21st century. -
Presidential Documents
Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents Monday, December 21, 1998 Volume 34ÐNumber 51 Pages 2471±2507 1 VerDate 21-DEC-98 09:37 Dec 23, 1998 Jkt 010199 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 1249 Sfmt 1249 W:\DISC\P51DE4.000 TXED02 PsN: TXED02 Contents Addresses to the Nation Joint Statements Iraq, announcing military strikesÐ2494 Joint United States-European Union Statement on Chapter IV New Transatlantic Addresses and Remarks Agenda DialoguesÐ2505 United States-European Union Declaration on See also Meetings With Foreign Leaders the Middle East Peace ProcessÐ2504 Gaza United States-European Union Joint Luncheon hosted by Chairman Arafat in Statement on Cooperation in the Western Gaza CityÐ2486 BalkansÐ2502 Palestinian National Council and other United States-European Union Statement on Palestinian organizations in Gaza CityÐ Cooperation in the Global EconomyÐ2503 2487 Meetings With Foreign Leaders Iraq, military strikesÐ2497 European Union leadersÐ2502, 2503, 2504, Israel 2505 Arrival ceremony in Tel AvivÐ2472 Israel Dinner hosted by Prime Minister President WeizmanÐ2472, 2478 Netanyahu in JerusalemÐ2483 Prime Minister NetanyahuÐ2472, 2473, Menorah lighting in JerusalemÐ2478 2479, 2483 People of Israel in JerusalemÐ2479 Palestinian Authority, Chairman ArafatÐ2485, Radio addressÐ2471 2486, 2487 Special Olympics dinnerÐ2500, 2501 Proclamations Trilateral discussions at Erez CrossingÐ2492 Wright Brothers DayÐ2499 Executive Orders Statements by the President Crime ratesÐ2479 Half-Day Closing of Executive Departments Deaths and Agencies of the Federal Government A. Leon Higginbotham, Jr.Ð2494 on Thursday, December 24, 1998Ð2500 Lawton ChilesÐ2472 Morris UdallÐ2479 Interviews With the News Media Puerto Rico, status referendumÐ2492 Exchanges with reporters Supplementary Materials Erez Crossing, IsraelÐ2492 Acts approved by the PresidentÐ2507 Gaza City, GazaÐ2485 Checklist of White House press releasesÐ Oval OfficeÐ2497 2506 News Conference With Prime Minister Digest of other White House Netanyahu in Jerusalem, Israel, December announcementsÐ2505 13 (No. -
The President's Commission on the Celebration of Women in American
The President’s Commission on Susan B. Elizabeth the Celebration of Anthony Cady Women in Stanton American History March 1, 1999 Sojourner Lucretia Ida B. Truth Mott Wells “Because we must tell and retell, learn and relearn, these women’s stories, and we must make it our personal mission, in our everyday lives, to pass these stories on to our daughters and sons. Because we cannot—we must not—ever forget that the rights and opportunities we enjoy as women today were not just bestowed upon us by some benevolent ruler. They were fought for, agonized over, marched for, jailed for and even died for by brave and persistent women and men who came before us.... That is one of the great joys and beauties of the American experiment. We are always striving to build and move toward a more perfect union, that we on every occasion keep faith with our founding ideas and translate them into reality.” Hillary Rodham Clinton On the occasion of the 150th Anniversary of the First Women’s Rights Convention Seneca Falls, NY July 16, 1998 Celebrating Women’s History Recommendations to President William Jefferson Clinton from the President’s Commission on the Celebration of Women in American History Commission Co-Chairs: Ann Lewis and Beth Newburger Commission Members: Dr. Johnnetta B. Cole, J. Michael Cook, Dr. Barbara Goldsmith, LaDonna Harris, Gloria Johnson, Dr. Elaine Kim, Dr. Ellen Ochoa, Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, Irene Wurtzel March 1, 1999 Table of Contents Executive Order 13090 ................................................................................1 -
Madeleine Albright
Madeleine K. Albright is chair of Albright Stonebridge Group, a global strategy firm, and chair of Albright Capital Management LLC, an investment advisory firm focused on emerging markets. Albright was the 64th Secretary of State of the United States. In 1997, she was named the first female Secretary of State and became, at that time, the highest ranking woman in the history of the U.S. government. As Secretary of State, Albright reinforced America’s alliances, advocated democracy and human rights and promoted American trade and business, labor and environmental standards abroad. From 1993 to 1997, Albright served as the U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations and as a member of the President’s Cabinet. She is a professor in the Practice of Diplomacy at the Georgetown University School of Foreign Service. She chairs both the National Democratic Institute for International Affairs, the Pew Global Attitudes Project and serves as president of the Truman Scholarship Foundation. Albright serves on the U.S. Department of Defense’s Defense Policy Board, a group tasked with providing the secretary of defense with independent, informed advice and opinion concerning matters of defense policy. She also serves on the Board of Directors of the Council on Foreign Relations and the Board of Trustees for the Aspen Institute. In 2009, Albright was asked by NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen to chair a group of experts focused on developing NATO’s New Strategic Concept. On May 29, 2012 President Obama awarded the U.S. Medal of Freedom to Dr. Albright – the nation's highest civilian honor - citing the inspiration her life is to all and that her scholarship and insight continue to make the world a better, more peaceful place. -
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE November 8, 1999
November 8, 1999 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 28999 University, has requested support from targeted to those who most need assist- Through these programs, the 4 mil- USAID as a $20 million, five-year pro- ance. lion individuals with mental retarda- gram. The purpose of this program is To its credit, FEMA has been very tion and other developmental disabil- to find innovative ways to fight infec- successful in keeping the administra- ities are able to obtain the support tious diseases in the region, and calls tive costs of this program very low. In they need to participate in all aspects upon these Universities to build a per- fact, these costs consume less than 3 of the community. They receive needed manent, collaborative infrastructure percent of the funding, which is an in- assistance in education, and early for improving the health of the Pales- spiring example that all of the Federal intervention efforts are used to provide tinian and Israeli people. Government’s agencies and depart- appropriate health care services and United States Secretary of State ments should strive to follow. support. Madeleine Albright has said the most In Maine, the EFS program has been For millions of Americans these serv- important projects for promoting peace extremely helpful. For example the ices can mean the difference between and cooperation between nations are Sister Mary O’Donnell Shelter, located dependence and independence, between what she calls ‘‘people projects’’—those in Presque Isle, Maine, received a lost potential and becoming contrib- projects that people of all races, reli- $10,500 grant from this program. -
Download Report
COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS AN NUAL RE PORT JULY 1, 2003-JUNE 30, 2004 Main Office Washington Office The Harold Pratt House 1779 Massachusetts Avenue, NW 58 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10021 Washington, DC 20036 Tel. (212) 434-9400; Fax (212) 434-9800 Tel. (202) 518-3400; Fax (202) 986-2984 Website www.cfr.org E-mail [email protected] OFFICERS and DIRECTORS 2004-2005 OFFICERS DIRECTORS Term Expiring 2009 Peter G. Peterson* Term Expiring 2005 Madeleine K. Albright Chairman of the Board Jessica P Einhorn Richard N. Fostert Carla A. Hills* Louis V Gerstner Jr. Maurice R. Greenbergt Vice Chairman Carla A. Hills*t Robert E. Rubin George J. Mitchell Vice Chairman Robert E. Rubin Joseph S. Nye Jr. Richard N. Haass Warren B. Rudman Fareed Zakaria President Andrew Young Michael R Peters Richard N. Haass ex officio Executive Vice President Term Expiring 2006 Janice L. Murray Jeffrey L. Bewkes Senior Vice President OFFICERS AND and Treasurer Henry S. Bienen DIRECTORS, EMERITUS David Kellogg Lee Cullum AND HONORARY Senior Vice President, Corporate Richard C. Holbrooke Leslie H. Gelb Affairs, and Publisher Joan E. Spero President Emeritus Irina A. Faskianos Vice President, Vin Weber Maurice R. Greenberg Honorary Vice Chairman National Program and Academic Outreach Term Expiring 2007 Charles McC. Mathias Jr. Elise Carlson Lewis Fouad Ajami Director Emeritus Vice President, Membership David Rockefeller Kenneth M. Duberstein and Fellowship Affairs Honorary Chairman Ronald L. Olson James M. Lindsay Robert A. Scalapino Vice President, Director of Peter G. Peterson* t Director Emeritus Studies, Maurice R. Creenberg Chair Lhomas R. -
The International Swimming Hall of Fame's TIMELINE Of
T he In tte rn a t iio n all S wiim m i n g H allll o f F am e ’’s T IM E LI N E of Wo m e n ’’s Sw iim m i n g H i s t o r y 510 B.C. - Cloelia, a Roman maid, held hostage with 9 other Roman women by the Etruscans, leads a daring escape from the enemy camp and swims to safety across the Tiber River. She is the most famous female swimmer of Roman legend. 216 A.D. - The Baths of Caracalla, regarded as the greatest architectural and engineering feat of the Roman Empire and the largest bathing/swimming complex ever built opens. Swimming in the public bath houses was as much a part of Roman life as drinking wine. At first, bathing was segregated by gender, with no mixed male and female bathing, but by the mid second century, men and women bathed together in the nude, which lead to the baths becoming notorious for sexual activities. 600 A.D. - With the gothic conquest of Rome and the destruction of the Aquaducts that supplied water to the public baths, the baths close. Soon bathing and nudity are associated with paganism and be- come regarded as sinful activities by the Roman Church. 1200’s - Thinking it might be a useful skill, European sailors relearn to swim and when they do it, it is in the nude. Women, as the gatekeepers of public morality don’t swim because they have no acceptable swimming garments. -
Girls. All Women. All Sports
All girls. All women. All sports. Impact Report Honoring our past, embracing our future Report Impact Impact Report Impact Impact Report Impact This is a pivotal time for the Women’s Sports Foundation. We have been leading her forward for 45 years and counting. We have advocated for her, kept her in the game and lifted her at times when no one else believed in her power. We have come a long way in changing cultural stereotypes. The transformative benefits of sports for young girls are undeniable. Now is a moment when the spotlight on gender equity provides an opportunity to reach wider and advocate more vehemently, to illuminate the possibilities of every girl and woman. The Foundation's significant history and artifacts are newly archived at the iconic New-York Historical Society Museum & Library, also home of the Billie Jean King Archive. Our documents and memorabilia tell the story of girls' and women's hurdles and 02 triumphs in sports. Our Foundation continues to be groundbreaking, and this rich history reflects our legacy of aecting change. 03 As we honor our history we also prepare for the future. Our new brand signifies our continued growth and strength and positions our Foundation well into the future. It is also a symbol of our unwavering dedication to ensuring that all girls and women have equal access to sports and physical activity and the tremendous life-long benefits they provide. We remain steadfast in our mission to enable girls and women to unlock their potential through the power of sports. All girls. -
History of Swimwear
On Exhibit at the International Swimming Hall of Fame From Bloomer’s to Bikini’s: How the sport of Swimming Changed Western Culture In the 20th Century From Bloomer’s to Bikini’s: How the lapse, swimming fell out of favor in the the body and led Sport of Swimming Changed Western Christian west. The Popes also railed to a sound night’s Society in the 20th Century, is a multi- against the sexual excesses of the Roman sleep. Because media exhibit that demonstrates how baths and equated both nudity and swim- Franklin, like all swimming acted as the most significant ming with sin. During the Middle Ages male swimmers of cultural force in the women’s rights open air bathing was thought to be a his time, swam in movement of the 20th Century. This cause of the plague. the nude, swim- exhibit demonstrates how the sport of ming was deemed swimming changed the way women Interest in swimming revived somewhat inappropriate for dressed, thought about themselves and during the Age of Exploration when women until, tra- Illustration of an 1860’s women’s the way society thought about women sailors thought it dition has it, one bathing gown. While the gown and their role in society. The exhibit pri- might be a good of Franklin’s female enabled women to bathe, it made swimming impossible. marily focuses on four women swimmers idea to know how admirers threw who broke through the social and moral to swim before herself into the Seine fully dressed. barriers that held women back during the stepping on board While this popularized public bathing for Victorian era: Annette Kellerman, the their ships. -
What You Do Matters
what you do matters 2008–09 ANNUAL REPORT 2 ANNUAL REPORT 2008–09 WHAT YOU DO MATTERS 3 FRONT COVER ESTELLE LAUGHLIN HOLOCAUST SURVIVOR AND MUSEUM VOLUNTEER what they do Dear friends—this past November, however impressive our far-reaching 40-foot-high portraits of Estelle impact, we must constantly challenge Laughlin and other Museum survivor ourselves to do more. In a century volunteers were projected one by one already threatened by an alarming onto the exterior of our building. rise in hatred and antisemitism as The symbolism was stunning as each well as genocide, there are simply illuminated the night. Estelle had just no time-outs. turned ten when Germany invaded Our global institution is on the Poland. Over the next four years, she front lines confronting these issues managed to survive the Warsaw ghetto, thanks to your generosity and an the Majdanek death camp, and two extraordinary constellation of other slave labor camps. With dreams still partners equally passionate in our haunted by these memories, Estelle cause. On the pages that follow you shares her story with audiences here will meet some of them. While we and across the country in order to, as cannot eradicate hatred and evil, she says, “keep truth alive and visible.” together we remain unrelenting in In telling their stories, Holocaust our commitment to remember and to survivors put the horror of the genocide teach the lessons of the Holocaust— of Europe’s Jews into a profoundly not just to impart the truth of history’s personal context. They move us beyond greatest crime but to ignite the personal the monolithic event and unfathomable sense of responsibility that stands at numbers to the anguish of each the heart of strong, just societies.