Women’s History Month Women’s History Month 2021: This year’s theme continues the centennial celebration of the ratification of Valiant Women of the Vote: the 19th Amendment on August 26, 1920, Refusing to be Silent giving women the right to vote. Last year’s original centennial celebration was put on hold because of Covid. The original Women’s History celebration began as the first week of March in 1982, and was eventually expanded in 1987 to be the entire month of March. Although women have made many gains in the last century and we look forward to spotlighting them here, we have to remember that ERA Amendment remains unratified.

Mrs. Anderson’s Sociology Class Sandra Day O'Connor was born on March 16, 1930, in El Paso, . O'Connor and her grew up on a ranch in Sandra Day Arizona. She was very skilled at riding and worked on the farm. After graduating from in 1950 with a bachelor's in economics, she attended law school and got her degree two years later. O'Connor struggled to find a job due to the lack of female O'Connor positions in the law industry, so she became a deputy county attorney. She continued to be a lawyer while traveling overseas and was given the opportunity to fill in a job by Governor Jack Williams. She won the election and reelection as a conservative republican.

It didn't end there; O'connor took on an extreme challenge and ran for judge in the Maricopa County ; fair enough, she won the race!. Her views on abortion changed over time and have signaled against any decision that would deny a women's right to have a safe and legal abortion. She as well played a role in refashioning the right of abortion in the Court located in . O'Connor was also the deciding vote in George Bush's election. After her , she wrote many books and inspired many, winning the Presidential Medal of . Though O'Connor has been diagnosed with dementia and withdrew from public life, she developed a solid reputation and broke new ground for women as she is the first female to serve the US Supreme Court. References (Mia Tonnu)

Smentkowski, Brian. Jan. 16, 2008. “Sandra Day United States jurist.” Retrieved March 1, 2021 (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sandra-Day-OConnor).

Biograph.com Editors. April 2, 2014. “Sandra Day O’Connor Biography.” Retrieved March 1, 2021 (https://www.biography.com/law-figure/sandra-day-oconnor).

History.com. Nov. 9, 2009. “Sandra Day O’Connor.” Retrieved March 1, 2021 (https://www.history.com/topics/us-government/sandra-day-oconnor). Mary Jackson was born on April 9th, 1921 in Hampton , where she attended Hampton’s all-Black schools and graduated with high honors from George P. Phenix Training School in 1937. During World War Two, she gained a dual degree in Physical Science and Mathematics, but was prevented by the laws of segregation at the time from becoming an engineer, her dream job. She, at the urging of her parents, obtained two jobs as a math teacher and an Army secretary before landing a job at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA, predecessor to NASA).

After considering resigning due to the racial discrimination in her job, an encounter with one of her supervisors brought her to stay. The supervisor, realizing Mary’s potential, suggested that she take engineering classes at an all-white school. After gaining a court order that allowed her to do so, Mary Jackson became the first Mary Jackson African-American Female Engineer. Her work on aircraft designs led to faster and lighter aircraft, for both military First African-American Woman and commercial use. After retiring from her engineering to work at NASA job, she served on boards of organizations that would help women and minorities advance their careers. References: Project by Anirudh Chari

Anon. 2021. “Mary Jackson.” Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved March 1, 2021 (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mary-Jackson-mathematician-and-engineer).

Loff, Sarah. 2016. “Mary W. Jackson Biography.” NASA. Retrieved March 1, 2021 (https://www.nasa.gov/content/mary-w-jackson-biography).

Timmons, Greg. 2021. “Mary Jackson.” Biography.com. Retrieved March 1, 2021 (https://www.biography.com/scientist/mary-winston-jackson). was born in Bristol, England on February 3, 1821. When she was eleven, her family moved to City. Elizabeth Blackwell The Blackwell family were abolitionists and supporters of women’s suffrage. In 1843, she witnessed one of her mother’s friends die. The friend told Blackwell that they believed that if they had been treated by a female physician, rather than a male one, their treatment would have been better. This inspired Blackwell to pursue medicine.

Blackwell would begin talking to several physicians about attending medical school, many told her that it was a good idea, but that it would be almost impossible. She began studying with the help of two physicians and eventually applied to some medical programs. Although she was rejected by many schools, she was accepted to Geneva Medical College; this meant that she was the first woman to achieve a medical degree in the United States. She worked in Europe for a couple of years before moving back to the United States and setting up in a small building where she would work with patients in 1853. All throughout these years, she would face discrimination and minimalization of her work. In 1857, she would set up a larger hospital which was made up of only female doctors, who would only see female patients and their children. For the next few years of her life, she would advocate for more women in medical fields, give lectures on reasons more women should be admitted into medical schools and what they had done for medicine, and increase knowledge of hygiene among women. She would also help the Union during the Civil War. She lead the path for many women in the medical field who worked to improve the medical rights and treatment of women. References Jourdon Moua

Darby, Alexis. 2017. “Elizabeth Blackwell (1821-1910).“ Retrieved Mar. 1, 2021

(https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/elizabeth-blackwell-1821-1910).

Michals, Debra. 2015. “Elizabeth Blackwell.” Retrieved Mar. 1, 2021

(https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/elizabeth-blackwell).

U.S. National Library of Medicine. 2003. “Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell.” Retrieved Mar. 1, 2021

(https://cfmedicine.nlm.nih.gov/physicians/biography_35.html). was born with the name Marie Jean Madlenka Korbel, on May 15, 1937. She lived in the city of , , for many of her younger years, but was forced to flee with her family due to Nazi occupation at the start of World War II, to England. She used to believe that it was due to political reasons; however, later, she learned that three of her grandparents were victims of , and passed away. She and her family returned to Prague, but not for long, because, due to the Soviet Communist coup, they had to immigrate again; this time, to America, in 1948. Albright was surrounded by foreign relations all of her life. Before the political unrest, her father was a Czechoslovakian diplomat to Yugoslavia. When they moved to , , he became a university professor, and taught Albright his trade. This greatly influenced Albright. When Albright became older, she became a United States citizen in 1957, as well as graduated with honors from in 1959 (with a degree in Political Science). There, she wrote for their newspaper. She later met her husband, Joseph Albright (whom she divorced in 1982). Later, she earned a P.h.D. in 1976 at in Public Law and Government. She did this while also raising a family. Completing her education at these prestigious institutions sparked her career. Her first notable profession commenced when she was a fundraiser for Senator ’s presidential campaign, and later became his “chief legislative assistant” (Britannica). She continued to gain experience in the field, when in 1976, she “was working for , U.S. President ’s national security adviser” (Britannica). When the Republican Party gained the majority of politics for many years, Albright worked with nonprofit organizations and was a professor of International Affairs at . Her major accomplishments truly began in 1993, when she was named ambassador to the by President Clinton. There, she was notorious for her argumentative skills and tenacity. She advocated for military intervention in many countries who needed the aid to defeat civil wars, or to aid in establishing a stable government, especially with interest to the Haitian Coup in 1994 and many of the Balkan conflicts in the . In 1997, Albright was confirmed by the Senate as the very first female secretary of state for the United States. Her major accomplishments as secretary of state were numerous. However, perhaps her most notable occurred in 1999, when she advised NATO to intervene militarily in Kosovo, to cease the ethnic cleansing occuring there, as well as advised NATO to expand the organization. She also promoted military aid in Yugoslavia and Iraq, in order to aid in establishing stable democracies there, and avoid authoritarian rule. Another notable feat of Albright’s is that she was, at the time, the highest-ranking United States official to travel to and negotiate on the topic of nuclear warfare. Although the negotiations were not successful, it laid the groundwork for future discussions and diplomatic relations with North Korea. It was the first of many steps to be taken. Albright also advocated for the dismantling of nuclear weaponry, especially from the Soviets. Some of her additional accomplishments include: strengthening American relations with China and Vietnam, negotiating peace in the (between Israel and other Arab nations, a place where conflict commonly occurs due to border disputes), and supporting the Kyoto Protocol on Global Climate Change. After her term ended as secretary of state, Albright continued her work through leadership. In 2007, she established Albright Capital Management, an “investment fund... which seeks to make long-term investments in emerging markets for its clients” (Biography.com). She also established the Albright Stonebridge Group, and has written many novels about her life as well as foreign policy and Balkan countries. She was honored by President Obama with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2012. Albright is a figure who should never be forgotten. Without her work, peace in the Balkans would not have been seen, and unrest would still Madeleine Albright be occuring at the level it was many years ago. Without Albright, America would not have established its relationship with North Korea, on the pathway to eliminating nuclear weaponry, and America would not have taken a stance against the nuclear proliferation of the Soviets to various countries. Albright represents the hopes of many for our country to build a better future, especially for females, who are often underrepresented in the political world, especially in foreign policy. Albright inspires many to achieve their dreams, no matter how long it may take to see your dream become a reality. References (Catherine L.)

Biography.com Editors. Sep. 20, 2019. “Madeleine Albright Biography.” Retrieved Mar. 3, 2021

(https://www.biography.com/political-figure/madeleine-albright).

History.com Editors. May 14, 2020. “Madeleine Albright, America’s First Female Secretary of State, is Born.” Retrieved Mar. 3, 2021

(https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/madeleine-albright-is-born).

No Author Listed. No Publication Date Listed. “Biographies of the Secretaries of State: Madeleine Korbel Albright (1937-).” Retrieved Mar. 3, 2021

(https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/albright-madeleine-korbel).

Ritger, Ed. Feb. 22, 2013. “Madeleine Albright at Commonwealth Club of .” Retrieved Mar. 3, 2021

(https://www.flickr.com/photos/commonwealthclub/8509795745).

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. May 11, 2020. “Madeleine Albright.” Retrieved Mar. 3, 2021

(https://www.britannica.com/biography/Madeleine-Albright).

Ruth Bader Ginsburg was born In the 1970s Ginsburg became the first on March 15, 1933, in New women director of the Women’s Rights York. Growing up Ginsburg’s mother Project for the American Civil Liberties Union was her biggest supporter until she (ACLU). During her time in the ACLU, she argued six very influential cases on passed away. Ginsburg attended equality. She continued to fight for gender , where she met her equality, being appointed by President husband and graduated first in her Jimmy Carter to the U.S. Court of Appeals class. She struggled to find a job and for the District of Columbia. Then in 1993, soon after she got the job she was Ginsburg was appointed by President Bill fired due to her pregnancy. When she Clinton to the U.S. Supreme Court. In 2014 and her husband attended Harvard during Burwell v. Hobby Lobby, a ruling that would allow some companies to not cover Law school, she was told that her spot birth control on religious beliefs, Ginsburg in the school should go to a man. dissented. In many cases on Martin Ginsburg got sick, so Ruth she would dissent in order to get equality. Ginsburg took care of her sick Ginsburg was a justice on the Supreme husband, her young daughter, while Court for twenty seven years. she attended law school. References By: Sydney Weschcke

Garcia, Lulu. 2020. “Remembering Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s Legacy.” Retrieved Mar. 1, 2021 (https://www.npr.org/2020/09/20/914949303/remembering-ruth-bader-ginsburgs-legacy) History.com editors. 2021. “Ruth Bader Ginsburg.” Retrieved Mar. 1, 2021 (https://www.history.com/topics/womens-history/ruth-bader-ginsburg) Totenberg, Nina. 2020. “Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Champion of Gender Equality, DIes At 87.” Retrieved Mar. 1, 2021 (https://www.npr.org/2020/09/18/100306972/justice-ruth-bader-ginsburg-champion-of-gender-equality-dies-at-87)

Sojourner Truth was born in 1797 in Ulster County, New In 1844, Sojourner joined the York. Her parents, James and Elizabeth Baumfree, were Northampton Association of Education actually slaves when they had her; she ended up being and Industry in Northampton, . sold as a slave herself to a slave owner named John Neely for $100, as well as a flock of sheep. This slave owner was relentlessly violent to her; he beat her on a regular basis. It didn’t end for her until after she went through two more slave owners by the age of 13, when she was owned by slave owner John Dumont, and his wife Elizabeth. At the age of 18, Sojourner fell in love with a fellow slave named Robert who was a slave at a nearby. However, the two were kept apart due to ownership of different masters. Sojourner was forced to marry a different slave named

Thomas. She had five children with him who were James, Diana, Peter, Elizabeth and Sophia. References(by Papa Appiah-Kyeremeh)

History.com Editors. Oct 29, 2009. “Sojourner Truth.” Retrieved Mar 2, 2021

(https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/sojourner-truth)

Michals, Debra. 2015. “Sojourner Truth.” Retrieved Mar 3, 2021

(https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/sojourner-truth)

Biography.com Editors. Apr 2, 2014. “Sojourner Truth Biography.” Retrieved Mar 3, 2021 (https://www.biography.com/activist/sojourner-truth) Jane Goodall Jane Goodall was born in , England Adam Acs Jane Goodall helped discover a breakthrough on the 3rd of April, in 1934. Her mother for modern genetics and . She found was a novelist and her father was a out and debunked many facts about primates businessman. From a young age Jane that helped the world better understand and Goodall was fascinated by wildlife and the accept the theory of evolution. She found out beauty that was Earth. She would study that primates were capable of performing plants and animals, take notes of the basic mental actions, such as making tools or world she was in, and everyday she communicating with other primates. She also dreamed that she could go to Africa. She debunked many previous facts such as how went to Oxford University where she chimpanzees are, infact, omnivorous, and not graduated, worked for a film company, and vegetarian. These accomplishments helped eventually saved up enough money to go to catapult the world of modern science into a Africa and work with famous whole new dimension. Without her findings and , Louis Leakey. studies, we would not have the knowledge we have now about evolution and out primate ancestors. References

Adam Acs

Biography.com Editors. Apr. 2, 2014. “Jane Goodall Biography.” Retrieved Mar. 1, 2021

(https://www.biography.com/scientist/jane-goodall).

Mary Bagley. Mar. 29, 2014. “Jane Goodall Biography.” Retrieved Mar. 1, 2021

(https://www.livescience.com/44469-jane-goodall.html).

The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. Jan. 8, 2021. “Jane Goodall.” Retrieved Mar. 1, 2021

(https://www.britannica.com/science/zoology). On , 1983, went on her first spaceflight mission as Sally Ride the first American woman in space aboard the Challenger, lasting six Sally Ride was born in Encino, California days. She became the first American woman to travel to space again on May 26, 1951. Both of her parents had on October 5, 1984 when she launched another Challenger mission careers in science, so she credits them lasting nine days. Even when she retired from space travel, she still with starting her interests in exploring the continued to influence the space program through involvement on the field. She graduated from an all girls accident investigation boards set up for space shuttle tragedies, and preparatory high school, and later involvement in the Augustine committee, which helped to determine attended Stanford University to receive a the space goals of NASA. Even after NASA, she joined the Stanford bachelor or science degree in physics, a University Center for International Security and Arms Control, bachelor of arts degree in English, and became a professor of Physics at the , San then later a master of science degree and Diego, and was president of Space.com from 1999-2000. Her efforts a doctorate in physics. She was finishing in the science field served as a huge inspiration for girls all over to her studies at Stanford, when she first become involved in the amazing field. She co-founded the company saw NASA’s job advertisement for their , which had a goal of introducing students into space program. Ride was chosen as one space sciences, with many cool simulations they were able to of NASA’s first six female , experience. Her time served on the many different space committees and she began spaceflight training in and organizations also shaped the future of space aeronautics. Even 1978. She was inspired by the growing after her amazing feats in space (such as launching communication women’s movement, and her gender did satellites, successfully operating the first deployment of the set up a list of small challenges while Challenger’s robotic arm, serving as a capsule communicator, etc), she later preparing to go up into space, but still devoted her life to helping girls excel in the science fields, and she still stayed confident and set in her inspiring the nation as a whole to always reach further, and never let ways. their mindset be limited. References (Helena Yiangou)

Grady, Denise. July 23, 2012. “American Woman Who Shattered Space Ceiling.” Retrieved March 1, 2021

(https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/24/science/space/sally-ride-trailblazing--dies-at-61.html).

Smith, Heather R. June 18, 2014. “Who Was Sally Ride?” Retrieved March 1, 2021

(https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/stories/nasa-knows/who-was-sally-ride-k4.html).

Zimmerman, Kim Ann. Jan. 19, 2018. “Sally Ride: First American Woman in Space.” Retrieved March 1, 2021

(https://www.space.com/16756-sally-ride-biography.html). Betty did more than just write books, she became a force of change. In 1966, Betty joined forces with and Aileen Hernandez to found the National Organization of Women, where she became president of the organization.From the 1960’s to the Betty was born as Bettye 1970’s, Friedan helped found the National Naomi Goldstein in February Association for the Repeal of Abortion Laws in 1969, 4th, 1921, in Peoria, Illinois. later named National Abortion Rights Action League She was a bright student and and more recently NARAL Pro-choice America and graduated at etc. In 1970, she helped organize the Women’s in 1942 with a Bachelor’s Strike for Inequality on August 26th, the 50th anniversary of Women’s Suffrage. She was very degree in . After a influential through these organizations in changing year of graduate work in the outdated laws such as unfair hiring practices, gender University of California, pay inequality, and pregancy discrimination. Some of Berkeley, she settled in New her later works was publishing The Second Stage in York. She worked various 1982 in which she represents a more moderate jobs until 1947 when she feminist position. Then she published The Fountain of married Carl Friedan. In Age in 1993, when she was in her 70’s. Betty Friedan died at the age of 85 on her birthday in 2006, she 1963, she wrote The died due to heart failure. Feminine Mystique. Resources by Murtaza Wani

● Biography.com Editors, Apr. 2, 2014. “Betty Friedan Biography.” Retrieved

March 2, 2021( https://www.biography.com/activist/betty-friedan ) ● Encyclopaedia Britannica Editors, Jan. 31, 2021. “Betty Friedan.” Retrieved March 2, 2021(https://www.britannica.com/biography/Betty-Friedan) ● Michals, Debra. 2017. “Betty Friedan.” Retrieved March 2, 2021( https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/betty-fri edan ) Abigail

Abigail Adams was born on November 11, 1744 in Weymouth, Massachusetts. Her father was a minister and also a farmer who made a living from both of these jobs. Adams did not attend school, but that was common for girls at that time period. She loved to read though, studying the works of William Shakespeare and many others. She met when she was seventeen. Later on, they got married: Abigail was nineteen years old and John was twenty-eight. Together, they had six children.

Throughout her husband’s career as the 2nd president of the United States, Abigail was mostly alone without him, responsible for raising their children and maintaining their farm. However, they communicated very well through the letters that they would send to each other. It is in these letters, that Abigail influenced her husband’s decisions about some of the political issues at that time period. In one of her letters that she wrote to her husband she said to “Remember the Ladies, and to be more generous and favorable to them than your ancestors. Do not put such unlimited power into the hand of the husbands…” This is just a little piece of what she wrote to her husband. Basically, she was an unofficial advisor throughout her husband’s career. She gave him advice during his presidency, including his presidential aspirations. Later on, after her husband retired and moved back to their farm, Abigail died on October 18, 1818 due to a stroke that she had. Although women’s rights were not established during her lifetime, she is known as one of the first activist for women’s rights. She was one of the first ones to stand up for women and their rights in history. References (Julia Bizon) biography.com. March 2, 2020. “Abigail Adams Biography.” Retrieved March 2, 2021

(Abigail Adams - Quotes, Children & Letters - Biography). history.com. October 15, 2019. “Abigail Adams.” Retrieved March 2, 2021

(Abigail Adams - HISTORY). revolutionary-war.net. March 4, 2020. “Abigail Adams.” Retrieved March 2, 2021

(Abigail Adams | Facts, Early Years, Life, Death & Politics (revolutionary-war.net)). After singing in many coffee shops for the Joan Baez next few years, Baez was invited to perform at the Newport Folk Festival in Rhode Island. The performance made her a star, along came her first album titled Joan Baez. It was an Joan was born on January 9th, 1941, in Staten instant hit. She sung to crowds and went on Island, New york. Her Father came to the tours, to follow her music career she had eight United States from Mexico at an early age, gold albums and one gold single. During the and thus she was subject to the occasional Vietnam War, she used her voice to urge men racial prejudice. At a young age, she was to resist the draft, which ended up making her placed in an intellectual atmosphere with very controversial at the time. In her later classical music, yet she rejected the classical years, she continued making music, and also music in favor of another genre, rock and roll. participated in many human rights programs. At the age of ten, Baez and her family took a She was occupied as the head of the trip to Iraq where she was met with the poor Humanitas International Human Rights conditions of the Iraqi people. Shortly after, Committee, but she also traveled to Bosnia to she attended high school in California. There, help gain support for the suffering there, she she seemed to excel in music more compared also performed at the National Gay and to other subjects. In 1958, her love of folk Task Force’s Fight the Right fundraiser. Her actions helped many all around music began after her family moved to the world, she used her organization and voice Massachusetts, when she was subject to the as a platform and means to help those in need. genre in a coffee shop. Due to what she experienced as a child, this pushed her to be a supportive role model that was always there for those who needed it. Her voice and platform motivated many young listeners to follow in her footsteps. Joan Baez Bibliography: Milen Patel

Anon. n.d. “Joan Baez Biography.” Encyclopedia of World Biography. Retrieved March 3, 2021 (https://www.notablebiographies.com/Ba-Be/Baez-Joan.html).

Anon. n.d. “Joan Baez Biography.” Encyclopedia of World Biography. Retrieved March 3, 2021(https://www.notablebiographies.com/images/uewb_01_img0060.jpg)

Anon. 2020. “Joan Baez.” Biography.com. Retrieved March 3, 2021 (https://www.biography.com/musician/joan-baez).

Eleanor Roosevelt born 1884 October 11th in . Her early life started out with tragedy when her mother died in 1892 and father died only 2 years later at 1894 when Eleanor was only 8 and 10 years old respectively. After the loss of her parents Eleanor was placed under the care of her maternal grandmother who sent her to be educated Allenswood Academy in London when she was a teenager, witch helped her become more sociable. In 1902 Eleanor would become acquainted with her distant cousin, future husband, and future president FDR. Only one year later they became engaged against the wishes of FDR’s mother and became married on march 14th 1905.

After Eleanor's and FDR’s political successes Eleanor was able to use her husband's influence to further her ideas. One major action she was responsible for was helping her husband during and after his polio attack leaving him disababled and weak. After FDR was elected president, Eleanor changed the role of the first lady from a small position as her husband's speaker and accessory she decided to actively use her platform to advance her ideas like universal human rights, women's trade unions, fighting racism, and protecting people during the great depression. After her husband's death and her leaving the first lady position she continued to advocate for her ideals. Her fight for human rights and her political influence had lead to her drafting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights for the newly formed United Nations. In the end her influence, ideas, and drive lead to her to greatly better the world during it darkest years due to the economic crash and the world war. References (Patrick Seeberger)

Biography.com Editors. Feb. 28, 2018. “Eleanor Roosevelt” Retrieved Retrieved Mar. 3, 2021

(https://www.biography.com/us-first-lady/eleanor-roosevelt)

WORLD HISTORY EDU. Nov. 5, 2020. “Eleanor Roosevelt: 10 Significant Achievements” Retrieved Retrieved Mar. 3, 2021

(https://www.worldhistoryedu.com/eleanor-roosevelt-10-significant-achievements/)

Little, Becky. Dec. 8, 2020. “How Eleanor Roosevelt Pushed for a Universal Declaration of Human Rights” Retrieved Retrieved Mar. 3, 2021

(https://www.history.com/news/eleanor-roosevelt-universal-declaration-human-rights)

Born on October 26, 1947 in , Illinois, Hillary Rodham Clinton was raised in a middle class family that valued hard work and independence. On a Methodist youth trip, Hillary listened to Martin Luther King Jr. speak in-person, starting her on a lifelong social justice campaign. Hillary attended Wellesley College, becoming an student leader involved even further in social justice. She also met her husband, , after enrolling in Yale Law School. After graduating, Hillary worked with the Children’s Defense Fund, fighting for quality education for children with disabilities.

After Bill was first elected president in 1992, Hillary fought as first lady to reform the healthcare to be fair and equitable to all. Despite resistance from insurance companies and special interests, she help create the Children’s Health Insurance Program, providing healthcare coverage to over 8 million children nationwide. In 2008, Hillary ran for president, losing the Democratic nomination to , but being brought into his administration as secretary of state. In this position, she advocated for international human rights and received praise for her efforts from both sides of the aisle. In 2016, Hillary ran for president again, this time gaining the Democratic nomination and becoming the first woman to earn a major party’s nomination for president. Hillary won over 66 million votes in the election and continues to fight for progressive values in America. Her work is inspiration to young people all over the world to fight for what they believe is right. References (Owen Zeller)

The Office of Hillary Rodham Clinton. 2020. “About Hillary” Retrieved Mar. 2, 2021

(https://www.hillaryclinton.com/about/).

Biography.com Editors. 2014. “Hillary Clinton Biography” Retrieved Mar. 2, 2021

(https://www.biography.com/us-first-lady/hillary-clinton).

Black, Allida. 2009. “Hillary Rodham Clinton” Retrieved Mar. 2, 2021

(https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/first-families/hillary-rodham-clinton/). Susan B. Anthony

Susan B. Anthony was born on February 15, In New York, she met with many 1820 in Adams, Massachusetts. She was abolitionists including well known raised a Quaker and from early on she Frederick Douglass and William Lloyd believed that under God everyone is equal. Garrison in regards to helping promote the She was also very quick to learn reading and American Anti-Slavery . She writing by the age of three. Unfortunately when noticed that women activists were being pushed away by male activist. This they moved to New York 12 years later in peaked her interest in women's rights. In 1838, a depression hit which hit their family 1869, she and hard specifically her dad. They declared created the National Woman Suffrage bankrupt and had to give up their house. Association which drew attention to the the fight for women’s suffrage. This inspired many women activists to start create more suffrage associations and made Anthony a heroine. She died in 1906 but due to the efforts and the constant fight for women’s suffrage, the 19th amendment was passed which gave women the right to vote 14 years after she dies. References (Nate Stephen)

Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Feb 12, 2021. “Susan B. Anthony”. Retrieved March 2, 2021.

(https://www.britannica.com/biography/Susan-B-Anthony)

Nancy Hayward, National Women’s History Museum. 2017. “Susan B. Anthony”. Retrieved March 2, 2021.

(https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/susan-b-anthony)

History.com Editors, HISTORY, March 9, 2010. “Susan B. Anthony.” Retrieved March 2, 2021

(https://www.history.com/topics/womens-history/susan-b-anthony)

Over the course of seventy-two years, she was born in worked at the American Museum of Natural Margaret Mead , Pennsylvania, History, from 1926 to 1978. She was elected to U.S.A. on December 16 of be the president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1973 for 1901. She attended DePauw her contributions towards science. Margaret's University in 1919, accomplishments weren't limited to scientific transferring a year later to ones; she took on controversial issues in . After society, such as racial & gender discrimination, graduating from Barnard, something many were afraid to do. Her work doesn't stop there; she also looked at global she became a student of issues, including global warming & world Columbia University. It was hunger. Some of the books she wrote raised her time as an awareness of those controversial societal undergraduate there that topics, including but not limited to, A Rap on she met , Race written in 1971 with , patriarch of American which was later reissued in 1992, Male and Female: A Study of the Sexes in a Changing , & Ruth World written in 1949 with a second edition Benedict, assistant to Franz made in 1976, & Continuities in Cultural Boas & eventual lifelong Evolution originally written in 1964, reissued in friend of Margaret, that she 1999. Unfortunately, she passed away at age became interested in seventy-six in New York City, New York on November 15, 1978. In 1979 she was awarded anthropology. In 1924 she the highest civilian honor in the United States; received a Master of Arts the Presidential Medal of Freedom. degree & in 1929, a Ph.D. I recommend discovering more about the life of Margaret Mead, cultural anthropologist & writer. References

Averi Allen

The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. Last updated January 4, 2021. "Margaret Mead."

Retrieved March 3, 2021 https://www.britannica.com/biography/Margaret-Mead

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Biography.com Editors. Published April 2, 2014, last updated August 26, 2019. "Margaret Mead Biography."

Retrieved March 3, 2021 https://www.biography.com/scholar/margaret-mead

Esther Peterson was born on All of the previous jobs would help December 9, 1906, in Provo, Utah. Peterson obtain the necessary training Peterson grew up in a Mormon to get multiple positions at the United and graduated from States Women's Bureau of the U.S. in 1927 Department of Labor. Peterson was able to secure the creation of the first with a degree in physical education. presidential commision on women. In the 1930's Peterson got a job at This group focused on the condition of the bryn mawr summer school for women in the workplace. Peterson was women workers in industry. She also able to require proper nutrition then moved to New York and got values on foods so shoppers could married to Oliver Peterson. The two decide if they were healthy or not. She moved to Boston and she taught at also got companies to require when foods would expire, and if they had the Windsor school. From 1958 to been frozen or not. Peterson was able 1961 she worked as the to influence the people into buying Washington legislative substitutes for products of the stock representative of the industrial was low or the price was to high. union. Sources

History, 2019. "Equal Pay Act" Retrieved Mar. 7, 2021 (https://www.history.com/topics/womens-rights/equal-pay-act) Molotsky, Irvin . 1997. "Esther Peterson Dies at 91; Worked to Help " Retrieved Mar. 7, 2021 (https://www.nytimes.com/1997/12/22/us/esther-peterson-dies-at-91-worked-to-hel p-consumers.html) Young, Grace. 1999. "Esther Peterson American advocate" Retrieved Mar. 7, 2021 (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Esther-Peterson)