Ethno-Veterinary Plants of Baglan Region from Nashik District, Maharashtra” Dr

© 2020 IJRAR March 2020, Volume 7, Issue 1 www.ijrar.org (E-ISSN 2348-1269, P- ISSN 2349-5138) “Ethno-Veterinary Plants of Baglan Region from Nashik District, Maharashtra” Dr. N.B. Pawar M. G. Vidhyamandirs L.V.H. Arts, Science and Commerce College, Panchvati, Nashik

Abstract

The present work embodies the ethno-veterinary studies of Baglan region of Nashik district. A total 17 species recorded from the area which was used on the detailed oral interviews held with Vaidhyas, Bhagat and elderly village people, shepherds, medicine men who have knowledge of therapeutic uses of indigenous plants and mostly use them in treating their ailments and folk medicinal diseases. A total 17 species belonging to 14 genera and 13 families were collected from the area which was used by village people as folk medicinal plants in treating their domestic animals for various ailments and diseases. For the convenience of knowledge of these plants, their botanical name, local name family, disease in which they are used and modes of application were given.

Introduction

Map – Geographical location of Baglan Taluka

Ethno- veterinary deals with the total natural and traditional interrelationships between man and plants, and mans domesticated animals. Ethno-veterinary medicine is the knowledge developed by local livestock holders to treat various diseases of their domestic animals. The tribal’s maintain cattle, goat, sheep and farm animals for various purposes. Ethno-medicine is the Map - Geographical Location of Baglan Taluka of science in which plant base formulation known to tribal’s since ancient days are used to alleviate the disease. Herbal medicine is prepared from a variety of plant materials as leaves, stems, roots, bark etc. Naturally they may contain biologically active ingredients and are utilized for treating illness. The history of the utilization of plants in medication can be followed back to the old progress or pre-rigveda times. Indian subcontinent is basically exceeds expectations with the various verdure having number of plants with ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal significance. It is the ancient sacred text of the Hindus (4500-1600 BC). Since the last quarter of 20th century most of the bioscience researchers are working on ethnobotanical investigations to fulfill the increasing demand of plant articrafts and herbal products. Baglan forest ranges of Nashik district have a wide range of variety of plants. The vegetation is rich in this locality, forests are dry deciduous or mixed type in moderate rainfall zone 500 - 750 mm, some time scrub forest is also observed during the investigation.

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Methodology

. Interviews of tribals like Mahadev koli, Bhill, Kokana, Warli and medicine men, shepherds were taken for gathering truthful information on ethno-veterinary uses of plants. The course of surveys of medicinal plants in different areas of Baglan tehsil, the information was collected. The medicinal plants were taxonomically identified using different floras viz. Flora of Yadav & Sardesai (2002), Singh (2000- 01), Lakshminarasimhan and Prasanna (2001), Almeida (1998 - 2001), Kothari and Moorthy (1993), photographs of plant and plant parts used were taken. Herbaria were prepared.

Observations

1) Botanical Name − Acacia catechu (L.f) Wild. (Khair) Family − Mimosaceae

Plant Part Used – Bark, Wood

1) Bark decoction is used for washing sore and cracked nipples of Cows, Buffaloes and Goats.

2) Bark extract along with heartwood are used to treat broken horn of domestic animals.

2) Botanical Name − Acacia sinuata (Lour.) Merr. (Shikakai) Family - Mimosaceae

Plant Part Used − Bark, Pods

1) Pods used as fish poison.

2) Fruits are boiled in lukewarm water and used as detergent and scalp cleaner.

3) Botanical Name − Acacia torta (Roxb.) Craib. (Chilar) Family − Mimosaceae

Plant Part Used − Bark

1) Bark powder is used as fish poison.

2) Bark powder is used to kill germs in wounds.

4) Botanical Name − Anogeisus latifolia (Roxb.ex DC.) ex. Guill & Perr. (Dhamoda) Family −Combretaceae

Plant Part Used − Gum, Bark, Seed

1) Seed powder is boiled and decoction is used for domestic animals bath or sprayed in cattle shed.

5) Botanical Name - Annona reticuta L. (Ramphal) Family - Annonaceae

Plant Part Used - Leaves, Wood, Fruits, Seeds

1) Seeds and leaves are crushed in water and the paste is applied externally on animals to remove ticks and mites.

2) Leaf poultice used in wound healing.

6) Botanical Name - Annona squamosa L. (Sitaphal) Family - Annonaceae

Plant Part Used - Leaves, Fruits

1) Leaf paste and decoction is applied on wounds of animals to expel worms.

2) Leaves are boiled in water for few minutes and rubbed on floor of hens nest to repel lice. IJRAR2001533 International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR) www.ijrar.org 810

7) Botanical Name − Asparagus racemosus willd. (Shatavari) Family − Liliaceae

Plant Part Used − Root

1) Roots are given with fodder to improve lactation in cattle.

8) Botanical Name − Calycopteris floribunda (Roxb.) Lam.ex Poir. (Ukshi) Family − Combretaceae

Plant Part Used − Stem, Leaves

1) Woody stem powder applied around the neck of cattle’s to expel parasitic flies.

2) Leaves are crushed and the poultice is applied on animal’s wounds and skin diseases.

9) Botanical Name - Clematis gauriana Roxb.ex. (Gomati/ Morvel)DC, Family - Ranunculaceae

Plant Part Used - Stem, Leaves

1) Stem decoction is used as detergent to wash domestic animals.

2) Leaf paste and stem boiled in water and used to treat lice and other parasites on animals.

3) Leaves are rubbed and applied on wounds and skin diseases.

10) Botanical Name − Crinum asiaticum L. (Kumbh) Family − Amaryllidaceae

Plant Part Used − Leaves

1) Leaves are kept in cattle sheds to repel insects and parasites.

2) Leaves are burnt and the smoke is spread in cattle shed, homes as insect repellent.

11) Botanical Name − Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh. (Bandgul) Family − Loranthaceae

Plant Part Used − Stems

1) "Tavit" is prepared from stem pieces with the combination of bark of Ficus religiosa, Adiantum, Curcuma neigriensis, Calatropis procera and Michelia champaca and given to tie on neck to prevent from black magic.

12) Botanical Name − Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp. (Undirmari) Family − Fabaceae

Plant Part Used − Leaves

1) Leaves are crushed and paste is used to wash livestock’s to remove external parasites.

2) Green leaves are burnt in cattle shade for fumigation to repel mosquitoes.

13) Botanical Name − Hardwickia binata Roxb. (Anjan) Family − Caesalpinaceae

Plant Part Used − Leaves, Wood, Resin

1) Leaves are used as fodder for cows and buffaloes that improves lactation and milk quality.

2) Resin used for dressing the sores of domestic animals.

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14) Botanical Name − Ipomea mauritiana Jacq. (Dudhvel) Family − Convolvulaceae

Plant Part Used − Root, Tuber, Leaves

1) Tuber extract given to cattle’s to increase milk flow.

2) Leaves and root paste used externally to treat breast infections in cattle’s.

15) Botanical Name − Jatropa gossypifolia L. (Chandrajyot) Family − Euphorbiaceae

Plant Part Used − Leaves, Stem, Seeds

1) Stem pieces are given to chew to domestic animals to kill germs in tooth cavities and to treat stomach disorders.

2) Leaves are boiled in water and the decoction is used to wash the wounds of domestic animals and to control parasites.

3) Seed oil is used to treat wound ring worm.

16) Botanical Name − Holoptelia integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. (Papada) Family − Ulmaceae

Plant Part Used – Bark, Leaf

1) Bark powder and stem pieces are tied around the neck of the cattle for healing wounds.

2) Bark paste mixed with coconut oil and garlic and applied externally to treat inflammation, eczema, ringworm and skin diseases.

3) Leaf poultice applied externally to cure swellings, glands and inflammation.

17) Botanical Name − Wrightia tinctoria (Roxb.) R.Br. (Kala-Kuda) Family − Apocynaceae

Plant Part Used − Bark

1) Bark extract used to treat infectious diseases of skin in domestic animals such as cattle, sheep.

Result and Discussion

Following are the important folk medicinal plants used by the village peoples in the treating their domestic animals diseases. Amongst the plants located in the study area bark decoction of Acacia catechu is used for washing sore and cracked nipples of cows, buffaloes and goats and to treat broken horn of domestic animals, Annona reticuta to remove ticks and mites, Annona squamosa to repel lice of hens nest, Hardwickia binata for lactation and milk quality, Ipomea mauritiana to increase milk flow and to treat breast infections in cattle’s, Holoptelia integrifolia to treat inflammation, eczema, ringworm and skin diseases, Jatropa gossypifolia to kill germs in tooth cavities and to treat stomach disorders. The growth forms of the species includes Trees (9 species), Shrub (2 species), Herb (4 species), Climber (2 species). Figure No. 1. Different plant parts like root, stem, leaves, bark, flower, fruit, seed, gum, tuber, and rhizome are used. Leaves of 10 species, Fruit of 5 species, Bark of 8 species, Root of 2 species, Gum of one species are used as medicine. Figure No. 2. The tribals use different modes of administration of drugs like Decoction, Extract, Paste, Poultice etc. Figure No 3. Ethno-veterinary investigation would be helpful in identifying basic needs of tribal people; this reflects that proper steps should be taken to cultivate plants in their native areas in the forest, around the villages and hamlets or to persuade tribal communities to domesticate the plants on their need basis. This will help to their protection through development and will minimize the pressure of misuse from natural habitats.

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Figure No. 1 Habit wise break up of plant species Figure No. 2 Plant part wise break up of medicinal plants

Tree Bark Shrub Fruit

Herb Leaves Resin Climber Gum

Figure No. 3 Prescription of Plants

Decoction Extract Powder Paste Applied Tied

References

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