The NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SocIETY OCTOBER, 1942 ' The American Horticultural Society

PRESENT ROLL OF OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS April 11, 1942

OFFICERS President, Dr. D. Victor Lumsden, Washington, D. C. First Vice-President, Dr. E. A. Merritt, Washington, D. C. Second Vice-Presidellt, Mrs. Robert Woods Bliss, Washington, D. C. Secretary, Miss Cary B. Millholland, Washington, D. C. Treasurer, Mr. J. Marion Shull, Washington, D. C. DIRECTORS T er111S Expirillg 1943 Terms Expiring 1944 Mrs. Robert H. Fife, New York, N. Y. Mrs. Walter Douglas, Chauncey, N. Y. Mrs. Mortimer J. Fox, Peekskill, N. Y. Mrs. ]. Norman Henry, Gladwyne, Pa. Mrs. Fairfax Harrison, Belvoir, Farquier Mrs. Clement S. Houghton, Chestnut Hill, Co., Va. Mass. Mr. 13. Y. Morrison, Washington, D. C. Mr. Alfred Maclay, Tallahassee, Fla. Dr. Donald Wyman, Jamaica Plain, Mass. Mrs. Arthur Hoyt Scott, Media, Pa.

HONORARY VICE-PRESIDENTS Mr. Ferd P. Neels, Pres., Mr. A. F. Truex, Pres., American Begonia Society, American Rose Society, 426 East Maple Ave., 3150 South Zunis, El Segundo, Calif. Tulsa, Oklahoma Mr. Wm. T. Marshall, Pres. Emeritus Dr. Robert T . Clausen, Pres., Cactus & SlicclIlelit Society of America, American Fern Society, 327 North Ave., 61 Bailey Hortorium, Los Angeles, Calif. Ithaca. N. Y. Mr. James H. Porter, Pres., Camellia Society of America Mr. W. J. 'McKee, Pres., Macon, Ga. American I rlS ~oc lety, 45 Kenwood Ave., Dr. S. E. Taylor, Pres., 'vVorcester, Mass. Delphinlllill Society, 241 Lexington Ave., Mr. L. W. Lindgren, Pres., Mansfield, Ohio American Peony Society, Mrs. John H. Cunningham, Pres., St. Paul, Herb Society of America, Minnesota. 53 Sea ver St., Brooklin'e, Uass. Mr. Walter D. Blair, Pres., Mrs. William Beaudry, Pres., Amerlcall r ~()c k Garden Society, Midwest Horticultural Society, Tarrytown, 100 North Central Park Blvd., New York. Chicago, Ill.

SOCIETIES AFFILIATED WITH THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 1942 Akron Garden Center, American Fuchsia Society, Miss Alice Eastwood, Secretary, 226 South Main St., California Academy of Sciences, Akron, Ohio. Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, Calif. Alexandria, Virginia, Garden Oub, California Garden Clubs, Inc., Mrs. C. C. Wall, President, Mrs. Chas. P. McCulloch, Lib., Mt. Vernon, Va. Box 114, Altadena, Calif.

. American Amaryllis Society, California Horticultural Society, Miss Cora R. Brandt, Secretary, Mr. Wyndham Hayward, Secretary, 300 Montgomery St., Winter Park, Fla. San Francisco, Calif.

Publication Office, 32nd St. and Elm Ave .• BaltimoTtr, Md. Entered as second-class matter Janual7 27, 1932, at the Post Ollice at Baltimore, Md .• under the Act of August 24. 1912. Cheyy Chase (D. C.) Garden Club. :'I I en's Garden Cl ub oj Ameri ca, ~ 'Ir s. Laurence E. Voorhees, H oyt F. Pax ton. Secretary, 3810 Alton Place. R. D. 2, Hender onyille, N. C. Chevy Chase. D. C. :'J ichi gan H orticultural :)ociety, Cheyy Cbase ( ?l1d.) Garden Clull. Paul R. Krone, Secy .. ~1rs. R. Seabury d' Espard, Horticultural Building, 19 W. Thornapple St., East Lansing, Mich. Chen' Chase. "YId. :'IIidwest Horticultural Society. Community Ga rd e~1 Club of Bethesd:l. ~fi ss Dorothy \Vi·be !. Secy., ~'Ii ss Sue Thomas, Pres., 2155 Pierce St .. 6808 Exfair Rd., Edgemoor. Chi cago, Ill. Bethesda, Md. :-.Jorth Carolina Garden Center, Fauquier and Loudoun Garden Clull. ,\1 iss Violet Holt, :'I£rs. W . F. Rust. Pres id ent, 500 Webb Ave., Leesburg. Va. Burlington, N. C. Federated Garden Clubs of Cincinnati and :\' orthern Nut Growers Association, Vicinity, '\1r. Carl \iV escheke. Pres., ),1 rs. Charks Do,\\'orth, Pres ident. 96 South Wabash St., 220 E. Locust St.. St. Paul, Minn. \~ · ill1ling·ton, Ohio. Ohio Associatio:', of Garden Cl ub s. f'ederated Garden Clubs of J\1aryl;:nd. % '\1r. V. Victor Ries, :'IIr 5. Edward H. McKeon, Pre, .. Ohio State Unive rsity, Room 300, The Belvedere. Co lumbus. Ohio. Baltimore, Md. Rock Garden Society of Ohio, Forest H ill s Garden Club, :'I·r rs. Frank Garry, Librarian, ).'[rs. E . Barr, Pres., :V[ontgomery Stati on Post Officc' )'IIontgomery. Ohio 3623 Chesapeake St., N. W,. \iVashington, D. C. Seattle Ci vic Garden Center, 1008 Fourth A venue, Garden Center of Greater Clevelaml. Seattle, Wash. East Boulevard at Euclid Ave., Takoma Horticultural Club. Cleveland. Ohio. ?l11". \V. H. P arsons. Pres., Ga rden Center Institute of Buffalo, 710 Elder St .. N. \V., Delaware Park Casino, Washington, D. C. Buffalo, ~ ew York. The Trowel Clu h, Go: rden Centr e, :'I1rs. David R. Craig. % I veys Store, -1 339 Garfield St .. ::\I. W., Asheville, N. C. VlTas hington. D. C. Garden Club of Gloucester, The Little Garden Club of Sandy Spri!lg. Mrs. N . S. Hopkins, L ib rarian, Mrs. Douglas \Vhitlock, Pres .. N uttall, Va. Sandy Spring . .\'ld. Garden Club of IIlino!s. The Pittsburgh Garden Ce nter, Shop 312, P almer H otel , Schenl ey P ark, Chicago, Ill. Pittsburgh, Pa. Carden Club of Virginia, The San F rancisco Garden Clu b, .\hs. P owell Glass. Room 133, Fairmont Hotel, 210 Lee Drive , San Francisco, Ca lif. Lynchburg. Va. The V all ey Garden Center, Garden Forum of Youngstown. 2700 :-.J. 15th Street, % Public Library. Phoenix. Ari z. Youn gstown, Ohio. Twin Falls Ga rden Cl ub. Ga ry Garden Club, "YIrs. C. B. Requa, Sec'y, '\fr. Ben Chris. Trea ., K imberly. Idaho. 836 F loyd St.. \iVashington Ga rden Club. Gary, Ind. )'hs. Lee Sanford, Pre, .. Georgetown Garden Club. 6~08 Utah Ave., :-.J. W .. :Mrs. VlTalter ]. H arrison, vVashi ngton, D. C. 1430 - 33rd St., N. W .. \Voodlawn Garden Club. Washington, D. C. Mrs. Asher 1. Lohman, Secy .. Halten Ga rden Club. 1628 North Woodst')ck St .. :'I1r s. J. Jackson Smith, P:·es .. Arl ington. Va. Gittings, Md. " 'oodridge Garden Club. Home Garden Club of Denver, Mr. A. H . Hester. Pres .. 800 Monroe St.. 1824 R. 1. Ave .. :-.J. E .. Denver. Colo. Via hington. D. C Indian Head Garden Club. \\To rce ter County Horticul tural Society. :'I[rs. Frank A. Bolton. 30 E lm Street. POl1l onkey. )' [d. \\' OI'cester. )'1as5. The National Horticultural Magazine

Vol. 21 Oopyright, 1942, by THE A"EIl~ C A N HORTlCcLTcll.AL S OCiETY No.4

OCTOBER, 1942

CONTE::\fTS

PAGE Mrs. Christopher Colu111bu s Discovers Key \Vest. YIOLET ::\ ILES \ i\1 ALKER 169

The P ropagation of Chi onanthus retusus by Cuttings. \'. T. STOUTEMYER , 175

A Group of P roteads. SARAH V. COO~O[B S, _____ .. ______.. ______.. ______...... ___ .. ____ 178 A Book or Two .. ______.. ______187

T he Gardener's Pocketbook:

From the Midwestern Horticultural Society:

Gentians. ELDRED GREE N ______.. ______.. __ .. ____ 1~8

C o·rylus avellana. ELDRED GREE N.. ______.. ___ .. ___ .. ____ .... ______190

Goutweed. ELDRED GREE N.. ______.. ______190

A Cl.'1' gla bru11l . EDW ARD TEAS ______.... ______.. ______..______...... __ .. __ 190

M a ssowia p u sf /of la ta. SARA H V . COOM BS.. _.. ___. ______.. ____ .. ______.. ______194 Viola striata ______.... ______.. ______.... __ .... ______.. ______.. __ 196

p./.( sch I?i ll ia scilloid es ______.. _____ .. ______.. ______.... __ .. ____ 196

Passiflora inco.nwta 198

M a[j II olia sf ella ta X J( ob u s ______.. ______.. ______.. _____ .. ___ .. __ 198 A esc ld lu,s parviflora ______.. ______.. ___ .. ______.. __ 200

Index for Volume 21 _.. ______.... ______.. ______.. ______:.. ______201

Published quarterly by .Th~ American Horticultur al Society. Publication ollice, 32nd St. and !DIm Ave., BaltImore.' Md. Ed,tonal offioe, Room 821, Washington Loan and Trust Building, Wash­ mgton, D.O. O.ontl'lbutlOns from all members a r e cordially invited and should be sent to the E ditorial office .. A ~UbSCrlptlOn to the magazine is included in the annual dues to all members ; to non-members the price 18 seventy-five cents th e cOPY . three dollars a year. [ ii ] Cla11de Hope rSee page 198] Pass'itlora ill cantata Mrs. Christopher Colum.bus Discovers Key West

\ -IOUT NILES \ \TAL KER

K ey \I\-est has long been the :\Iecca sub-tropical seas. ::; or does either miss , of the ardent fi shermen. but until the a proper emphasis on the climatio ad­ building. fi rst of F lagler's F lorida vantages of the Island. But both. have East Coast Railroad. ami later Df apparently fa il ed to realize fully the ap~ lhe Overseas H ighway. it was so diffi­ peal of the horticultural picture and its cult Df access to. the average traveller value as al drawing car d to the li ttle that its li ght was truly hidden under a City. bushel. E\'en the Railroad fa il ed to The trayeller entering Key \Vest immediately fulfill Flagler's dream of from the Highway. along the 111Ddern development. fo r tbe victims of Prohi­ palm-bordered Roosevelt Boulevard

bition saw it only as I the door-way to ( mDdelled on Havana's famous ;vIale­ Han na's wide-Dpen _-\ lcoholic Heaven, cD n ) is no.t prepar ed fo r the contrast and fe w tarried long enough to di scover between the low-growing vegetation of for themselves the unique qui et charm the K ey a nd the great tropical trees lin­ of the little Island. L ittle was realized i ng the streets of the old pa rt 0 f the of its c010rful background to whi ch pi ­ town. :VIangroves, Sea Grapes. Beach rates. wreckers. Cuban refugees. sea­ P lums. opopo ll a:r . etc .. with dwarfer faring men from all nations. etc .. etc .. fl owering plants and beach vines which have , cD ntributed both histDrica l and have held the scene for 158 miles. give horticultura l atmosphere. way to a profu siDn of tropical growth But the compl etion Df the O \'e rseas whose size and development bespeak Highway. built 011 the wreckage Df the its lDng presence. yet of whose exist­ Railroad has changed the picture. and ence no previous hint has been re­ the wDrld is beginning to realize t.he. ceiw d. And th e question naturall y many-sided appeal Df our southernmost arises " \I" 11 y th e , ilence?" Certainly city. few r.eali ze that K ey \"Test is the oldest Particularl y is th:s so in re;;ard to settlement in southern Florida. and its plant lovers and gardeners. \\'hile ar­ streets were j.in ed with establi shed trop­ ti sts. write rs. naturalis ts. dim ate-seek, ical trees. its homes and gardens ers, and fi shermen fin d their special adorned with shrubs. vi nes and plants interests fully satisfi ed. it is the amateur of unparalleled beauty and lux uriant horticulturist who receives a genuine growth before Miami was thought of. thrill at discovering fo r him Dr herself It long ante-dates Coconut Grove. the tropi cal fl ora tin t is met on every where Dr. F airchild establi shed the ~ id e. and whose presen:::e so close to nucleus Df the U. S . P lant introdu:::tion home has neyer. curiously enough. heen Garden arDund 1898. heralded even in the land of high-pow­ The only answer can be the old adage ered ad\'ertisi ng which is Florida. The .. Famili ari ty breeds contempt." and State Chamber of Commerce (as \yell that it has all been there so 10llg. and as the city Df K ey \\' est) has not over­ has prospered so happily that it has lost looked the beauty of the O \'erseas its id entity as a fD reigner. .-\ brief H ighway down the Florida K eys. with glance at the K ey I\' est explains this the fascinating \'egetation of the E \'e r­ to some extent. gl1fles framed by the br il liant col,)\,;; of Key "'-es t has belonged to the

[ 169) 170 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL :MAGAZINE Oct., 1942

G ni ted States for only 120 years, and south trom the ll1ai nland by fi ercer en­ economically has undergone almost un­ elnies of their own race, and all finally equall ed vicissitudes. Long before Flag­ exterminated on the last island-wheth­ ler built his cherished Florida-East­ er by fighti ng or pestilence is not Coast-to-Cuba Railroad. when commu­ known. B ut the Spanish fi shermen who ni cation with the mainland was only first visited the island. finding great by slow water transportation. the Island quantities of human bones. called it City achieved a prosperity that made it Cayo Hueso. or Bone I sland, and curi­ at the time the .ri chest c ity per capita ously enough the English adaptation of in the u nited States. until a wave of the name correctly though quite inci­ sudden . overwhelming cataclysms COI11- dentall y describes the geo!;raphical po­ pletely reversed the pi cture. sition of the island. which lies at the ex­ Looking at it geographi cally, as we treme western end of the Keys. know. it is a tiny bi t of coral rock lying In 1822 S pain ceded Florida a nd its at the"tip en d of the string of little coral islands to the U nited States, but shortl y islets whi ch extend 120 miles south­ prior to t hat. in 1815. Cayo Hueso was west from the Florida mai nl and into the given by the Spanish Governor of the sub-tropi'cs. It is about 5 degrees north \ Vest Indies to a Spanish Cavalry offi­ of the Tropic of Cancer. The Strai ts cer. Juan Pablo Salas. in recognition of Florida and Gulf Stream on the east. of services rendered the Spanish a nd the Gulf of :vIexico on the west Crown. He took no interest in it. but exert a greater climatic influence than a;l .-\merican from ~1 0bile. J ohn Simon­ its actual latitude would incli·cate. Frost ton who had been shi p-wrecked on a never occurs. and vegetation from the yoyage from the Bahamas to ::vIobile tropics fl ourishes side by side with the felI in Ion with it. and after several sub-tropical fl ora of the Key a nd the efforts. fln ally succeeded in J)ll\'ing it ri ch Everglades. from Salas for $2.000.00. Thus it ,1;\I\Te are told that southern Flo'l'ida passed into _-\ l11 eri can hands th:)Ugh and the Keys were the hst portion of still under Spanish rule. the conti nent to emerge from the ocean. From the time of their disco,-ery in and it is interesting to note the g radual the XVIth century up to the early part diminution of the soi J deposit. none too of the X I Xth. the Florida Keys had not deep for all of its richness. even on the been ohjects of colonization. chi efly be­ Florida mainland. for at Key \Vest cause early in their history they had there is an average layer of ba rely hecome the stronghold of the pirates. twelve inches of earth. Moreover. any who. for oyer two hundred vears were water is brackish. Pure water from the terror of the Spani sh Main. The borin'!,' wells has never been obtained numerous ha ,-s among the islands of­ on the i~land. and the conservation of fe red safe hiding-places from which to rain-water assumes the same impor­ sally fo rth. and the intricate and dan­ tance for human li fe and vegetation that gerous channels afforded strong pro­ it does in the \ Vest Indies generall y. tecti on from the arm of the law. This, The Spanish discovery and domina­ incidentally. was none too long. as the tion of the \Vest Indies and the south­ pirates p~jd tri bute to the Spanish ern end of the A merican continent natu­ Crown. and enjoyed a care-free i111mu­ rally included the long string of islets l:ity in the successful pursuit of their now known as the Florida Keys. These tr'lde. were long uninhabited except for wan­ At the ti1ll e of investiture into the dering tribes of Indians pushed further United States the Keys were still in- Oct., 1942 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL :MAGAZINE 171

fested by the pirates. known as the thi s was followed by the building up of "Brethren of the Seas" and their dep­ a fl ourishing trade in sponges, fi sh, redations on shipping endangered not turtles, salt. tropical fruit (especially only the coastal trade from Mexico and the canning of pineapples) to which Cuba. but rendered unsafe further was added the manufacture of cigars colonization or commercial develop­ when political refugees from Cuba ment which the geographical position brought their factori es from Havana; of the island offered. and an era of unparalleled prosperity _-'\11 efforts to dislodge these unwel­ ensued. come neighbors fail ed. till Commodore V\1ith the reali zation of Flagler's David Porter ingeniously and effective­ dream of the Railroad came added pros­ ly exterminated them. He reali zed that perity. and it looked as though the for­ the frequent failures were due to the tunes of K ey \Vest were on a fabuous difference in size and type of ships up and up. But suddenly the tide employed. since the Navy frigates. with turned. Labor troubl es and unreason­ their depth of draft were unalle to able U nion demands caused the owners penetrate into the shallow waters, and of cigar factories to seek new meth­ lhe pirates in their li ght draft r3Jpid ods. and with the c1i scoyery that mod­ sailboats could easily elude their pur­ ern science could produce elsewhere the suers. So Porter discarded the useless same atmsopheric conditions as hac! larger frigates and assembled a fleet been thought possible only in Cuba and consisting of eight small-draft s-choo­ Key \ i\Test . the factories were quietly ners and fi ve twenty-oared barges, na.Ill ­ removed. some to Tampa . some to Con­ ing these last after the little stinging necticut. Congress passed a tariff law insects of the tropi,cs-Gna.t. Mosquito. which shut out the pineapples trom the Gallinipper. ::VIidge and Sandfly. He \ 71,1 est Indies and killed the canning imported a s t~am ferry-boat from New trade. and a li ttle later disease appeared York (and incidentally this was the among the sponges: and fl11aJly the first steam vessel used in our Navy) . hurri'cane of 1935. with its frightful named it the Sea Gull. and towed the tidal wave swept out great secti ons barges in pursui t of the Breth reno of the Railmad with enormous loss of They were caught up with. Porter un­ life. including the camp of 3,000 A mer­ loosed hi s towing fl eet, and chasing the ican Legionnaires at Mitacnmibe Key. pirates into their lairs. soon wiped them _-'\nd the glory tInt was Rome's de­ out. The last remai ning contingent parted. Since then Kev West has lived took refuge in the harbor of Fajardo. on Government aid. and though a small Isle of Pines. and were burned out group of representative citizens are under the very eyes of the Spanish strugglin~- manfully to help the city garrison who. remembering the fat help itself , many of the projects planned tribute t hey paid to the crown. had before present war conditions must be refused to giye them up. deJayed to the future. \Vith the terror of piracy removed. A rC'hitecturally. Key \ Vest is a mi x ­ the little island immediately became the ture of types. The earlier hom es foll ow objective of a heterogeneous mixture the beautifully simple lines found in the of settlers from all over the world. and Bahamas or Cuba. with sloping roofs. the town. laid out in 1829. gre\~' rap­ galleried second stories. high ceilings. idly and prospered phenominally. The solic! shuttered winc! ::J ws. :VIany han ea rly lucrative wrecking business laid outside stairs to the second stor y. The the foundations fo r greater wealth and Victorian era left its mark with mal1\' 172 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1942 more-pretentious houses, while the cia seal/dellS, from China. with its mass­ modern trend is toward low spreading es of brilliant orange bloom, and known types. Thl3 array of small, and for the ol1ly as "Mexican Love Vine." "Heart most part unpainted wooden homes of Flower" is variously applied to several the Cuban, Mestizo and colored popu­ plants, but notably to Antigono'l/. lep­ lati on. are built back from the street. toP'ltS (Rosa de J1!lonta na or comllita) and follow an aln10st uniform pattern. whidl runs ri ot eveu in vacant lots. each with its little front porch, s1110th­ "Spider Plant." "Orchid Tree," "Slip­ en'l d in vines, and its little frorlt ' yard per Plant," "Cigar Plant." "Tulip generally a tangle of tropical plants~ Tree," etc .. etc .. give no hint as to their The archi·tecture is soon forgotten in family pedigree. and when the Cuban the bewildering variety of s11fubs. vines imagination gives out it is "some wild and plants. amd soon one realizes the flower" or. more expressive still. "Just value of the soft grey to nes as a back­ a Bower." ground for the gorgeous tropical vege­ \Vild Bowl3 rs share the same oblivion. tation, and the brilliancy of the tropical 'Vandering over the sands of the aban­ skies. Small wonder that Key Vvest doned salt Bats. or around the old brick attracts artists from all over the coun­ Civil Vvar fort, East Martello Towers. try. a glossy-leaved evergreen vine bl3ars The first stroll among the little nar­ stunning wide-open cups of fine pur.­ row crooked streets and by-lanes with pli sh-vi olet: along the roadside is found their sudden blind ends. is a thrilling a slender glaucous leaved plant. about 8 \'oyage of discovery to the visiting inches high. with fringed blue-purple stranger of horticultural bent. Here fl owers closely rese mbling our fringed and there. amid the profusion of trop­ gentians: and a tall shrulb. with ever­ i·cal growth. almost fantastically unreal. green foliage is smot hered in clusters tamiliar friends can be recognized as of tiny brown fluffy balls. intensely fra­ green house subjects or as summer an­ grant ... none of these known. appar­ nuals in northern latitudes. or a plant ently. to anyone. 111 a y he i denti fied from some remem­ It must be borne in mind that the bered past study or picture. But for casual visitor. however Bower-minded. the most part it is all bewilderingly is not always a botanist. 'and t.herefore new. and small satisfaction is gained the search for information must he di­ hy enquiries among the Cuban or Mes­ rected so mewhere ... but where? A tizo residents, who call furnish numer­ small survey of existing plant material. ous pet names. hut none that offer any ma'cle in 1933 can be unearthed froni the dependable clew to the family name of Chamber of Commerce. if the visitor the sU'bject. has the bright idea of applying there. As one passes a vacant corner As far as it goes. this is helpful. f01- it lot, a flash of brilliant cobalt blue gives the locations where the plants can catches the eye; closer inspection be found: but it J11 ~ nti o n s an amazingly shows the entire lot · covered with small percent of the troni·cal vegetation a tumbling mass of vines bear­ sci evidently long-established, tnat can ing that most glorious blue of any be run down by even the rankest ama­ flower-Clitorea tcrl'latea . native to the teur in a short sojourn. Molucca Islands, occasionally gl:own PO'il1sett-ias furnish the first thrill. in our gardens as an annual. T o the Accustomed as we are to the 2-3 -foot Cuban it is " The Blue Pea." Fences potted Christmas specimens, the hun­ are smothered in the spectacul ar SCI1C- dreds of great shrubs from 10 to 15 Oct .. 1942 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL l lAGAZ INE 173 feet tall (as high as some o[ the little of what was brought to the little settle­ houses). literally sm othered in the bril­ ment in its early days, but ornamental liant scarlet " fl owers" are eye-opening; trees and shrubs must have come prac­ and when the glistening purity of a ticall y with the first permanent resi­ white vari ety is stumbled on in a tiny dents. Today pages co uld be devoted front yard. or a peep into a back garden to the trees alone ( instead of only a discovers an indescribably I 0 ve l y few words). for fro111 Burma. Aus­ creamy-pink tone. that "is1tor "is off" tralia. Southern Asia. Africa. tropical for all .time. :\nd what a field for ad­ America. etc .. haye come the superb ve nturing ! For. unlike the combed specim ens shadin g the wide streets. and brushed aspect of ::VI ialll i. where To mention but a few of the longest every exotic plant is named. nursed establi shed. Ficlls rr!hgiosa. or Pee-pul with care and kept within bounds on tree. the sacred tree of India is one of the sophisti cated estates. in Key \ Vest the largest on the Island. though pos­ the rarest tropical plants have escaped sibly the palm for size and beauty goes from their ori gin al homes and without to an enormous FicII s r('tllsa (called respeot to rank or person run riot in locally the Alexandrian or Spani sh the poorest li ttle yard. or even waste Laurel) whose branches spread enti rely places. A street lot. left l1n to uched fo r across the street. The beautiful feath­ any length of time. beco mes a tangle of ery African talllarilld thri ves. strangely nativ.e a nd exoti c material ... Crilll/Ill s. enough in the shall ow soil. growing to sallseverias. t/llll1b('rgias. bO l/ ga ill'llil­ 70 feet in some of the home lawns. l('as. hibisclls. opopo ll a.r. poillcia.lla s. There are many large specimens of the etc .. etc. Seedlings of what to us are curious Sand Box or MOlikey Dinner­ rare fl owers can be pulled up along Bell tree (Hblra C1'epita ll s) whose the neglected side-walks. trunks bristl e with spines . and whose As one becomes familiar with the seed capsules . when ri pe. explode with physical conditions. i.e .. the lack of a loud noise. fresh water and the shallowness of the Another showy t ree whose trunk and oil. wonder g rows at the enormous de­ limbs are covered with coun tless black velopment of the street trees. so ob ­ thorns is E1'ythrilla illdica. the Lenten viously of foreign origin. together with Tree. with brilliant red 3-4-inch blos­ the huge boles of fl owering vines which soms appearing profusely before the also bespeak their long establi shment. leaves making a huge scarlet blotch on The answer given these two questions the landscape. Pithecellobi '~£11~ dulce, seems to be. fi rst the ease with which the Rain Tree, has long twisted reddish the depth of so il can be increased. since pods opening to show the 1/2 -inch balls the ri chest C0 111post can be made trom of snowy white pulp covering the seeds. decayed vegetati on and rotted fish in an Spath od('a call/pall illata is one of the incredi bly short time. And second. 111 0st spectacular bloomers. with 6-inch trees that cann ot stand the brackish wa­ orange fl owers' in IS-inch clusters. ter do not flourish . Few are found Bauhillin. the Orchid Tree is a tropical having tap roots. Added to this. it is cousin of our Judas Tree. showing it in said that the roots of the trees penetrate the foliage. and with orchid-like laven­ the soft co ral rock by means of an dar or white fl owers ill late \\"inter. acidity which they develop. which dis­ Gliricid('a. whose cream and pinkish integrates the rock and prO\'ides deep lavender pea-like fl owers hang ill race­ root runs. mes like wisteria. blooms before the )J' () record ~eel11s to ha \'e been kept new leayes: 11f orillga lIIori Il ga. the 17+ THE ;.JATIO)[AL HORTICULTCRAL ~IAGAZJNE_ Oct., 1942

Horse-radish Tree. 'vvith distinguished into a -1-0 foot tree, or up the side of a pinnate fo liage and clusters of fragrant house. A Cassia, (named I/odosa by waxy blooms resembling horse radish local authority) is a climbing member in taste, furnishes flavor to Key \ A/ est of the ubiquitous cassia family, and sa:lads. And the (('iba. or Kapok tree is spreads golden sheets of bloo111 wher­ a sensational mass of soft pink bloom ever it gets a fo ot-hold. even to adorn­ up to the end of January, agricultural ing the stone ruins of the deserted to­ bulletins to the contrary. who li st it as bacco factories. summer blooming: while its great Flowering shrubs are bewildering in winged trunks are among arboreal curi­ quantity. variety and beauty. Hibisclls . os ities. in many tones are freely used as hedge In recent street developments. S chi­ plants. Cacsalpil/a plllcherril1l a. C0111- IIUS hTebcnthifolia. the Brazilian pep­ monly callecl Dwarf P oin ciana. with per (a close relative of the California lovely spidery flowers in clear yell 0 \\ .. variety). C asua1"iIlG equ.isetifoha. A us­ orange and orange cri msoll. is no more tralian Pine and Swictcll ia 1I'I,ahogal'li. a respecter of persons than is its SUI1l­ Mahogany Tree. have been widely mer-blooming cousin . the Royal Poin­ planted as shade trees. Just to li st a ciana. the "Queen of the Tropics." for few among the many strange specim ens it is found everywhere. down to the so unds like a guide book to the great most tumble-clown shanty. T eco l//G1'·ia tropics .. Q uassia a lIlara . or sima­ capc l/ sis. a glorious orange-crimson ruba; fi g 1111 111 vitaf; Tall/illalea (the tropical member of the BigJloll-ia.ceac African alm ond ) r.illllolla sqllall/osa; also screens porches of ri ch and poo r Aralia chi'Nell se ; sapodilla; pOII/cgrall­ alike. \,-hat is locally known as "Can­ a.te; papa,)la.; /I'Iango; FiclIs elastica.; dle Bush." with upright stalks of curi­ Ja'(- arallda; Kigelia.. Lucu1I/a ma1l/- ous fat closed yellow blooms (ancl 1110sa. and so on. ad illfillitul1I. hinted at as a S cJl ecio) is one of the V ine are superlative. from the deli ­ arresti ng beau ties frequently found. cate and fragrant jasmines including Bel(' paoJle. the "Shrimp FIO\·\i er" the white. richly-fragrant ni ght-bloom­ aclo rns hant}' yards. Browallia speciosa ing Cfstrzllli II OCt llrlll.1I1I , to TlllIllber­ lIlajor is almost a weed. f{ala Ji choc gias in every shade of purple to bl ue. tll biflora (not li sted in Bailey). cer­ as well as the deliciously scented white tainly one of the Ill Ost beautiful of the Thul1bcrgia fragralls. The yellow A lla­ Crasslllaccae is as omnipresent. and al­ wanda .. the great cream trumpets of though only' 2-3 ft. tall in the open SolalHim g"/tttata (the Chali ce flow er ) shoots to 5-6 ft. grovving on a shady whi·ch seen" out of all proportion to the bank at the Botanical Gardens. little porches which they completely en­ All in all. Key \iVest is a paradise velope ; the bOllgaill7.. 'illeas in all colors. for the horticul turist as it is fo r the Pa lidOI'm ricasolia lIa. with its clusters artists. writers. winter coloni sts. fish~r­ of great widely-flaring. flutd clear men. etc. Those who look for the blare pink cups. heavily spotted with deeper of night life and the :\ eon signs of tones of the same color is used as a high :'Iiiami and the Beach will find li ttle to climber. or trainec11 0w oyer stone wall s draw them. but the horticultural visitor. giving the effect of a pink hedge. MOil" with a comprehending view-point can stera de liciosa. or ccrilllall. that' giant fill hours and days in exploration and among tropical vin es. with its unbe­ pure enjoyment and can have all the li evabl e I8-inch white "calla lily" thrills of di scovery that come with the blooms. its huge fruit and the great fi nd of each new. unidentifiable tropical leaves over a yard across. climbs high plant. Rooted cll ttings of Ch iona71tlws rctHslIS

The Propagation of Chionan thus retusus by Cuttings

V. T. STOUTE?JIYER

The outstanding orna1l1 ental value ot attending experiments with greenwood the Chinese fringe tree, Chionanthu,s cuttings conducted by the writer dur­ retu,sus Lindl. & Paxt. has been recog­ ing two seasons indicates .that excep­ nized by all who are famili ar with it. tion.ally heavy r00ting in suitable com­ This species is entirely distinct in habit mercial peL"Centages may be obtained fro111 its native American relative. i 11 about two and one half months. Though by 11'0 means new in thi s coun­ through use of a combination of certain try. it is still rare. Unquesti onably the modern develop111ents in propagati'on difficulty of propagation has contributed technique. Recourse to more cumber­ to the neglect of this valuable orna­ some and expensive methods of vege­ mental. tati ve propagation appears unnecessary. Layering may be used ( 1) and graft­ Cuttings plotted in the fall were held ing on seedlings of C. Vi1'gi17 icus has over the winter in a cold sash green­ likewise been advocated (4). Grafting house shelter but doubtless an ordinary 011 stocks of ash has been used (4), cold frame would ha\"e been as satis­ but the combin ation is not entirely sat­ factory. The plants made excell ent isfactory (2). Though this plant has growth ill the fo llowing season. been considered to be virtually im pos­ Four important requirements for the sible to root from cuttings. the success rapid rooting of this subject are: Main- [175] 1i6 THE :-.JATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZDJE Oct., 1942 tenance of a high humidity over the to the naphthalene growth substances cuttings, use of a chemi-cal root-indl.lc­ with this subj ect. ing substance, taking of the cuttingfr at the proper stage of growt.11. and a TIME OF TAKING THE CUTTINGS rooting medium of fin e texture', ret'en­ The most favorable time of taking tive of moisture but well drained. the cuttings of the Chinese fringe tree is relatively narrowly limited. The

:VIAINTENANCE OF HIGH HUMIDITY dates given here apply to the vicinity of \Vashington, D. C. and due allowances In a previous report (3), the author must be made for other localities. Cut­ has shown that use of mechanical spray tings taken 'between the last week of humidifi·cation increased the rooting of May and the first week of July wi ll cuttings of this subject from 10 to 65 hold up well in the propagating bed per cent. Several different mechanical without appreciable loss of leaves. but spray devices have been used with suc­ rapid and heavy rooting has been se­ cess, but the one which gave most satis­ cured only from cuttings taken early faction in these trials was a small cen­ in June. The infl uence of date of col­ trifugal atomizer driven by an enclosed lection on the speed of rooting is shown electric motor. This type has been used in Table 1. AlI cuttings were treated in textile mills and for certain .other with the mixture of one part of indole industrial uses. Those who do not have butyric acid in 250 parts of talc. The mechanical installations to aid in the cuttings were placed in a sand rooting maintenance of a high humidity over medium in a greenhouse with a cen­ the cuttings will need to rely on the trifugal atomizer, and no bottom heat use of closed propagating cases or bell was used. All counts of rooted cuttings jars along with frequent syringing of were made on August 21. the cuttings. TABLE I

USE OF PLANT GROWTH SUBSTANCES INFLUENCE OF DATE OF COLLECTIOK The use of synthetic growth sub­ ON ROOTING OF CUTTINGS stances is essential for satisfactory root­ Nlf,mbcr of Per Cellt ing of this subject. In tests which have Date Clftti'llgs Rooted been conducted with several thousand May 20 60 0 cuttings during two seasons, in only May. 27 100 27.0 one instance was a cutting rooted with­ June 4 40 72.5 out the use of plant growth substances. June 23 100 5.0 The use of a mixture of one part of indole buty6c acid and 250 parts of These data show that the best and powdered talc applied to the moistened most rapid rooting was secured in the bases of the cuttings before setting in collection made in the first week of the propagating bench has produced June. However, all of the cuttings in satisfactory rooting with little if any this experiment were in excellent con­ injury to the bases of the cuttings. This dition on A ugust 21 and additional may be considered as a dosage of in­ rooting could be expected. In the pre­ termediate concentration. Similai' com­ vious season, cuttings taken as late mercial preparations are available and as J ul y 7 fi nall y rooted 60 per cen t should be equa1J y satisfactory. Indole although six months in the cutting butyric acid appeared to be superior bench was necessary. Oct., 1942 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 177

These greenwood cuttings were of different rooting media is shown in made from long shoots of the growth Table II. These cuttings were set on of the current season, and wood from June 4 and were removed on August both the terminal and basal portions 21. All were treated at the bases with rooted heavily. Each cutting comprised a mixture of one part of indole butyric several nodes and the basal cuts were acid in 250 parts of powdered talc. made through a node, although root­ ing was not abserved to have any par­ TABLE II ticular relationship to the nodes. The leaves were not trimmed and as many I NFLUENCE OF ROOTING MEDIUM ON as possible were left on the cuttings. ROOTING OF CUTTINGS Unfortunately the description of the Rooting N u111,be1' of Pel' Cent proper stage of growth for the taking Medium C~ttti 'ngs Rooted of the cuttings is somewhat difficult and no satisfactory mechanical test Sand ______40 72.5 seems to be available. The old gar­ San d Cp 0 0 r I y dener's test of snapping the stems drained) __ .______140 28.0 would exclude much cutting wood Sand and cinders, which was found to root freely. The equal parts ______160 13.0 color differences of the leaves in the different collections were quite distinct Sand and mlca 111- and perhaps give a clue to the proper sulation, ·e qua 1 parts ______160 67.0 season for taking the cuttings. The collections of May 20 and 27 were a pale light green and the leaves had a The addition of the leached cinders thin texture. The cuttings of the lots hindered rooting although the drain­ taken on June 4 were darker, but still age was excellent in this medium. Dif­ were definitely light green. The stems ferent samples ·of sand show quite dif­ of the cuttings taken on June 23 were ferent rooting responses under mechan­ apparently too highly lignified fOr easy ical humidification. The mixture of rooting. The leaves on these cuttings sand and mi'ca insulating material de­ were very dark green and had a thick sel:ves particular mention. Although leathery texture. Probably only by ex­ the FOoting percentage was about the perimentation and the keeping of care­ same as that in sand, the average root­ ful records can the propagator deter­ ing was much heavier with the mica. mine the most favorable season for his Many of the cuttings in this medium particular locality. and this may fluctu­ had over a dozen roots averaging more ate sornewhat from year to year. than three inches in length, a truly re­ markable development. In tests with other plants no medium has been as INFLUENCE OF THE ROOTI NG MEDIUM effective as the mixture of mica insu­ The composition of the rooting me­ lation and sand. This material is a dium is partciularly important when a mica mineral which is expanded to a high humi'dity is maintained over the fluffy texture by heating in furnaces. cuttings and the bases of the cuttings The product is used as insulation for are subject to damage if aeration and building and has also been sold to a drainage are poor. On the other hanel. limited extent for horticultural pur­ an excessively coarse and open rooting poses. especially the amelioration of medium hinders rooting. The influence potting soils for greenhouse use . Sands 178 TH E NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1942 of indifferent quality for the rooting 2. Orpet, E. O. Recommends Chio­ of cuttings have formed an excellent na17thus ?'etusus. Ho,rticulture 18: rooting 1l1 edium with the admixture of 378. 1940. 1111(:a. 3. Stoutemyer, V. T. Humidification Bureau of Plant Indust?,)!, U . S. De­ and the rooting of greenwood cut­ part11'le?7t of Ag1'';'cu lture tings of difficult plants. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. ( 1941) 40:301- LITERA TURE CITED 304. 1942. 1. Bean, \lv. J. Trees and shrubs 4. Taylor, G. C: and F. P. Knight. hardy in the British Isles. Vol. 1. The propagation of hardy trees and p. 339. 1941. shru-bs. p. 90. 1927.

i\ Group of Proteads

SARAH V. COOMBS

South Africa's national flowers, the cliffindt to grow. Bailey says that their P roteas, are members of this group, cultivati on is not so much difficult as which includes also many other inter­ special. The hard-'Nooded ones, espe­ esting trees and shrubs. The six shrubs cially. will not endure oyer-llluch water­ shown here all belong to this great ing. They all need a cool temperature. Family of the Proteaceae, which has much fre sh air and sunlight. It is the members in Australia but the largest belief of this writer that if these plants nU.J11 ~ } e r in South Africa. Besides the were set out of doors in summer in a Proteas, there are the Leucade?1,d1' oI7s. sunny, windy place, they would ap­ with the famous Silver Trees, the Lell­ proximate in such surroundings the COS p r rl111111'!S' , Sen'urias. /iI!i171 etes and couditions of their native habitat. others. The flowers have a tubular where strong winds cause a hardening perianth, the fo ur segments partly or of thei r fibre. They do well in south­ completely separating. The plants are ern Cali fo rnia, with their hardiness trees or s·hrubs. rarely perennial herbs. reaching quite far north in the state The flowers of many are di oecious. are and 111'1n y are grown there. The "Bo­ usually in heads, more rarely in spikes tanical ::Vlagazine" (t.1717, 1815 ) says or racemes. that Pro teas, Leltcade71dl'01LS, L eu(o­ Plants of this group were well kn own sper71l7ll7'ls and others all "delight in a in greenhouses in England in th e mid­ co mpositi on of rather l1l0re than 1/ 3 dle of the 19th Cenutry but were sand and the rest light loam without crowded out when more mo·dern heat­ any peat." Sernf7'ias, it says "su·cceed ing and watering systems were intro­ best in 3 parts of peat. 2 parts loam duced. The old kiln-heated houses and 1 part sand." J oseph Knight, writ­ with their cooler temperature and less­ ing in L ondon in 1809 "On the cultiva­ abundant water, suited them well and tion of the plants belonging to the nat­ more than thirty species of the Pro teas ural order of Pl'otea.reae ..." recom­ were grown. They are reputed to be mends a " light soapy loam, mixed with Oct., 1942 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZI NE 179

SOl/th Africall Rai/«Iays and Harbors

Protea C'jlnaroidcs 180 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1942 a greater or less proportion of sand." lovely shade of rose-pink and the fol,i­ What is a soapy lOa1'n? He also thinks age highly attractive. It has ideas :of it better to "chuse a spot that has never its own about flowering. Marloth been pared or burnt." (Flora of South Africa, vol. 1, pp. 148- The structure of the :flower head is 150) says that it blossoms on the Cape the ' distinctive feature of the family. Peninsula in March and April and at In many species the flowers are clus­ George, about 200 miles east, in Octo­ tered, surrounded ,by showy bracts. ber and November. The flower heads often remain in good condition for months, adding a bril­ Lcucadend1'on liant note to the South African land­ scape. These are trees and shrubs with en­ tire leathery leaves. They are dioe­ cious, with the staminate flowers in The Proteas have alternate, entire, terminal sessile heads, the pistillate leathery leaves. Flowers are in many­ flowers in terminal cone-like heads with flowered solitary heads inclosed in an woolly bracts. They are found mostly involucre of imbricated bracts. in the south-western districts of South Pro tea Cjl1w1,iodes L. (King Protea, Africa. The Silver Trees are the beau­ Giant Protea) is one of the handsomest. ties of this genus but it contains 111any Is is one of the "Suikerbosjes" (Sugar other interesting shrU'bs and trees as Bushes or Honey Pots) so-called be­ well. cause of the honey produced by the Lcucadendron saligm(11'b R.Br.Geel­ flowers when first opened. The honey bos (Gold or Yellow Bush), makes the is collected and made into a kind of hillsides golden with its leaves or lumi­ sugar. Mrs. Bolus, South Africa's dis­ nous yellow. The male (staminate) tinguished botanist, says in "A Book flowers are solitary and terminal, sur­ of South African Flowers" that there is ' rounded by several colored leaves. Yz no mistaking the identity of these inch long, ellipsoid; female (pistillate) flowers, whatever tint of pink the scales flowers surrounded 'by several leaves, of the involucre may be. The color of ~ inch broad. transversely linear-ob­ the imler side is always deeper than long. rounded above, hairy. that of the outer. It is the only species Le'ucadenMon, cOJ'datu11'! Phillips. with long~petioled leaves. The broad Described first in 1917 in the Annals blades are held out by the long petioles. of the Bolus Herbarium, 11.97. this The bright green leathery leaves reach plant was found near the top of a moun­ five inches in length, with petioles up tain in the south-west region of the to five inches. T.he heads vary from Cape Province. The male flower is ,five to eight inches in length and di­ solitary at the end of young shoots ameter. T.hough usually two to four about four inches long, which bear, in feet in height, the shrub sometimes addition to the broad. ovate. rounded reaches nine feet. The name, cyna­ stem leaves, ones similar in shape and ?'oides was given because of its resem­ texture ,but bright yellow in color with blance to the Globe or French Arti­ red margins and tips. The flower heads choke, Cjl1wra. The center of the flow­ are rectangular in outline. surrounded er is pinkish lavender. AI~other de­ by a number of bright yellow involucral scription (Gard. Chron. 1815) says bracts. The floral bracts are yellow that the flowers are disposed in a ,head near the top. otherwise colorless. The the size of a sunflower, the bracts a flowers open from the circumference, Oct., 1942 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 181

SOHth. African Raiiwo'},s and H01'bors

Leucadendroll cordatu111 182 THE :-rATIONAL HORTICULTURAL jVIAGAZIYE Oct., 1942

L(,lIcad(,lIdroll crassifolillll1 Oct., 1942 T HE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL ~MAGAZINE 183

SOllth A/l'icall Raihmys alld Harbors

LelfWdl'lIdroll so lig lluJIl 18-+ THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1942

SOllth Africall Railways alld Harbors

Le'ucoSperlllU71'l '1Il1tans Oct., 1942 THE JATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 185

South African Railwa)ls and Ha1'bol's

S eY1'uria florida "Blushing Bride" 18G THE NATIONAL H ORTICULTURAL }[AGAZ! ;\E Oct., 1942 ye ll O\~ '. soon becoming brown with age. to the ground with ,hundreds of the This species differs from any known brilli ant heads. The heads are solitary one by its di stinctly heart-shaped ( cor­ wit-hout a definite involucre of barren clate) leaves. It is said by Dr. P hillips bracts. The styles are nearly two inches to be an extremely handso me and long. As the fl owers develop. the showy plant, the bright yellow leaves styles grow and fo rce themselves out. s urr o undi l'i~', he fl ower head, with their while th e upper part and the stigma crimson ectg'(!!. make the male fl owers are still held in the calyx. The ever­ ve n '.' conspicuous. A iter the fl owers attendant sugar birds release the stigma ha v'e:~cle d . the yellow leaves turn by their to uch. T his condition shows gree n' and function as foli age leaves. very plai nly in the photograph. where Lellcadelldron crassifol'£wllI R.Br. the styles in the center of the head was li sted at first under P ro tea bu t are held. the outer ones having been later wal-t ransferred to the Lell co dell­ free d. droll group. TheTe seem to be onl y a fe w references to it by botanical au­ Serrll ria thori ties and it is unknown to thi s Shrubs. erect or more rarely pros­ writer. T he he!y)a riul11 specimen in the trate. leaves oft en much di ssected int(} ~ e\\' York B6tihica l Garden's collec­ cylindric acute segments. rarely entire. tion resembles the picture closely as fl owers in heads, often wi th a small in­ to leayes and general growth but fl ow­ €rs in that specim en we re faded. with volucre"of barren bracts. Sl'rrl;ria florida Knight. Blushing no outer petals or bracts showing. so Bride. T hi s is one of South A fri ca's it is presented here with a little hesi­ tati on. Its attractive appearance may almost vanished beauties. It belongs to this same F amily of the Broteacls jll tif:' its being included. and is a lovely fl O\~ 'e r. It is a s111 all Leucos pen/Wil l shrub. two to three fee t hi gh. with large showy bracts and fl owers with a The Ln(COSperIll Ll1Il have dense ter­ rosy blush. A small group of these minal heads of yellow. red or orange­ fl o\\'ers was growi ng. a few years ago. colored fl owers. the style being general­ in the Xational Botani c Garden, Kirs­ ly most brilliantly colored a nd long. tenbosch. near Cape Town. Except for Small trees or shrubs or some traili ng. a few plants in other pl aces. it was al­ Leaves usuall y very crowded. enti re or most extinct. P erll3.ps a larger number toothed at the apex. Flowers in heads. has been cul ti\'ated sin ce . It wo uld be usuall y solitary. Nearly all are fo unel a sad loss. if such a charming fl ower in the south-west di stri cts of South were gone . . Africa but they are found also in Natal Seeds of man)" of the Proteas. Leuco­ and the Northern Transvaal. F lowers dendrons and Leucospernlums may be irregular. obtained from Botanic Gar dens in Le{(COSperlllUl1l nutall s R.Br. The South ..-\ frica : the modest subscription B road-leaved Pincushion is a shrub pri ce fo r membership brings the op­ about fo ur feet hi gh, with bright portunity to choose a number of kinds mange-fl esh-colored heads. It is very of seeds annuall y. ones often unobtain­ free- fl owering and long-lasting. O ne able elsewhere. T hey are worth far of these shr\1bs is a fi ne sight, covered 1I1 0re than the sub scription price. A Book or Two

Field Crops all d Lall d Use. J oseph F. wbom farming is life. T hat it should Cox and Lyman E. Jackson. J ohn appear at thi s time, when the success ' Vil ey & Sons. Inc .. Xew York, 19-1-2. of our agri culture must be related not -1-73 pages, illustrated. $3.75. on ly to ourselves as a nation but to the world. mayor may not be significant, "T hi s book is dedicated to the grow­ but its appearance is opportune. ing a rmy of A merican farmers who plan and execute their programs of efficient crop and li vestock production Orna lJl ell tal A'lN erica ll S hrubs . W illi am so as to improve the fertility of the R. Van Dersal, Oxford U niversity soils in their charge. provide fo r the P ress, New York, 19 -1- 2. 288 pages, Nati on's needs during times of peace illustrated. $-1-.00 . and wa r. and assure the onward course This is a most interesting book. of our co untry toward ever-increasing ' ''hether one agrees with it, frol11 "cov­ prosperity and enhanced freedom. " er to cover" makes no particle of dif­ This is followed by a foreword by fe rence. T he author has travelled wide­ Secretary of Agriculture, the Honor­ ly. photographed endlessly, ma de notes able Claude R. ' Nickard. dated April even more abundantly and has not sut­ -1- of this year. fe red too l11uch, tram sitting in libraries T hi s is a reference book, compact to the exclusion of all else. and succinct in spite of its length. Its There are many species noted here, purpose is to set fo rth in an easily un­ that the reviewer would not consider derstood fashion the current practices having in a small suburban garden that lead to th e best agricul tural prac­ where one's pleasures must be care­ tices. It is tinctured at t imes by many fully chosen, but were the gardell large expressions of opini on whi ch are dis­ enough. 'none would be omitted that tinctly of our times, but since our times would survi ve the climate; since soil are setti ng the immediate pattern of can be managed more easily than the time to come, no one may cavil at weather. this. To those who are not fa rmers it The next is easy reading, designed should be required reading faa- our for persuasion toward planting rather nati onal understanding: to those who than to impress fo r profundity of eru­ are farmers, it need no recommenda­ cl ition-but there was no lack of care tion from us. in the prepGrati ()J1 of the material and the captions will not fi nd anything to meri t the;r efforts. T he N ature all d Prc7.l clltio ll of Plant Diseases. K. Starr Chester . T he Blackiston Company. P hiladelphi a. S ucc ulell t Pla ll ls of New all d Old 1942. 584 pages, illustrated. $4. 50. W orld Deserts. E. ]. Alexander, ~ew York Botanical Garden, New Like the last, thi s is a reference book York, 1942. 6-1- pages. illustrated. a nd like the last it is colored by our $. 50. times. It is written to read and used not onl y by the student but by the T hi s is a very pleasant booklet. in intelli gent. progressive in dividual fo r \\-hich are brought together with some

[ 187] 188 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1942 additional material, several articles that The author speaking: "Just between have appeared in the ] O'lItrnal of the you and me-don't buy this book if GaTdeJl. The photographs are numer­ you know too 111l1ch. This is not a book ous and delightful; valuable moreover for botanists . . . The purpose of this since they serve to emphasize the par­ book. is to make it easy to become ac­ ticular beauties of succulent plants, quainted with the widespread, the con­ their amazing structure architectural in spicuous, the beautiful and interesting quality and style, as well as the equally amazing contrasts in substance, deli­ trees. shrubs and wildflowers (herbs. cacy opposed to harshness, smoothness technically speaking)" All of which is opposed to spininess; translucency op­ "fair enough." posed to opaqueness. We don't know "too much" but it is The illustrations in no way over­ the sort of book we don't really like shadow the text which is straightfor­ but would undoubtedly use! Every­ ward and clear, although naturally re­ thing possible has been done to make duced because of the planning of the it easy for the si mple-minded but eager 64 pages. One could have wished for flower lovers. Perhaps it is only innate more text in many places although one snobbery but to ·find all the notes about can equally well understand the reasons for brevity. red, pink and reddish purple flower on pink paper, those for blue and bluish­ Meet the Natives. M. Walker Pesman, purple on blue paper, etc., rather rubs Author's edition, 372 S. Humboldt in by ignorance, be like the pictures­ St., Denver, Colo., 1942. 216 pages, an admission that should complete our illustrated. $1.25. condemnation.

The Gardener's Pocketbook

From the Midwestern H 01,tic~£ltu, ral The Prairie gentian resents disturbance Society and so far efforts on my part to culti­ vate it have ,been conspicuously unsuc­ Gentians cessful. Fall and spring transplanting, Most people in this region are fa­ with and without ball, have not pro­ miliar with two of the native gentians. duced any results than a gradual de­ One is the rather C0111mon closed geni­ cline of the plant. The closed gentian tian (Gentiana Andrewsi) and the although much more roughly treated other is the rarer fringed gentian (Gen­ has always responded with good tiana crinita). A third is still harder growth and flowers. to find but more attractive than the The closed gentian is a plant for the others, it is the Prairie gentian (G. wild , garden or the perennial border. puberula) which has open flowers like It is at home in any good loam and the fringed but a habit of growth like may be easily transplanted from the the closed. wild. Its bright blue flowers when seen The fringed gentian is notoriously in a group on the plant are strikingly difficult to handle as it is a bie·nnial. beautiful. It is one of the perennials Oct., 1942 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 1 8~

Clollde Hope [See page 196 )

Vi 0 ta S tria.ta 190 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZI)!E Oct., 1942

that fi ni shes the season 111 the garden Technically the plant is known as with as much brilliance as the Spring ,-l ego/,od·i-.t11'L Podagra.ria . It is a low bulbs which start it. growing rather coarse-leaved plant that has a creeping underground stem. This ELDRED E. GREEN . stem produces wide spreading branches that soon form a mat. The plant is a C orylus avella na member of the Carrot family and the ft. owers are in small umbels that show In places where a tall shrub can be a close resemblance to the wild carrot. used the European Hazel, Coryllls a.ve/­ Th ~ fo liage could easily pass for a dim­ lanG- may well be considered. In this unitive spreading parsnip plant. locality the plant wilL/each a height of . . The plain fo rm has nothing to rec- about sixteen feet with an archmg , 011lmend it except for a different mat in spread nearly equal to the heig 1It. .• partial shade. The variegated form \Vhile this is unmistakably a hazel in .. . . ' 1 f't t IS decIdedly attractive as the margms t Il e 1eaves an d ca tk111 S aPlC rUI , ye • f I 1 1 I . 1 ' 0 t le eaves are a c ear w lIte t lat the tall growth and strong stems keep r d 11 b d . .' . stan s out we. :-AI'\.s a w lIte or er It It from bemg a straggly thI cket-former. II 1\11 fi d . 'd . · .ili.S exce ent. 1 y rst an most VI VI of It h e] natIve specles . . :t1~~eco ll ect i o n of this plant is in a garden lave seen tllIS specIes )'t-...... ·· w.J]ere It IS used as a border tor fl al1111lg canopy over wa lk s an d as, O· 1 ground material. In bold n enta poppIes. perhaps in a large w Culturally the plant is not fussy. Any in g thi s is one of the ta ordinary soil with half exposure or bet- ter is all that is necessary. An occa- 1l as IJee n over 100 k ec.I . '\ P lant geographers haveliepeatedly sional edging to keep the spreading emphasized the close affinity between ~ ~tems in bound is all that is needed. the fl oras of the northern parts of 'The plant is easily propagated from Europe, Asia and America. '1\1 the these side stems. hazels, species are found in .all three Jl~ ,..;~ E LDR ED E. GREEN .

of th ese cont inent s~ with the Asiatic t forms being slightly more difficult in culture due to greater diversity in their .-leer glabnllli Torr. native habitat. Several years ago ,;v·hile vacationing ELDRED E. GREEN. in Colorado in the P ike's Peak district. where according to Theodore Roosevelt the scenery bankrupts the English lan­ Gout-weed guage, and the vegetati on is equally It seems rather superflu ous that a fascinating we used to en joy the hike writer should have to call attention to up the Peak. walking up the cog-rail­ this olel-fashioned plant. However, I road to the Halfway House. If I may have seen instances where well trained digress, we find walking in the moun­ fl orists did not know the identity of the tains not as fatiguing as in the lower plant when shown them. I t is one of altitudes. As a boy the writer on one the plants that is not too commonly seen occasion walked from Cripple Creek. around here, but wherever it is; it al­ during the Gold Rush. before the little ways attracts much notice and favor­ town was a year old. to Colorado able comment especially when seen in Springs, a distance of thirty miles \vit'h­ the va riegated form . out ,lwing- t ired. Oct., 1942 THE NATlOI -AL HORTICULTURAL 11AGAZINE 191

Claude Hope [See page 196] Plfsclikillia sci/loid('s 192 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1942

N ear the timber line on Pike's Peak A F ew OZa1' ll W1:ld Flow ers we found Ace1' glabn/.1n growing as a The beautiful red Pe11tste11'l,oJ1. eatoni dwarf shrub, full of seed, usually not is the only member of that royal Amer­ more than four or five feet in height, ican family of lovely flowers which I though probably centuries old. On one have ever seen or grown that anywhere occasion we gathered pocketfull of a near equals the Ozark Pentstemon. It seed and mailed them home to Hous­ is classed as a variation of P. cobea. ton ' where they were planted in the It is true it has the shining leaves of greerih'ouse and g~rminated. quickly. cobea, also its habit of growth, but Some o( them have grown mto mag­ otherwise it is so different that it surely nificent specif11ens and adorn some of deserves a distinct name of its own. our finest homes assuming the form The flowers are larger than the ordi­ and proportions "of the sugar maples so nary cobea but the same shape, though popular in the North. Strange to say without marking. They form big, heavy the latter (A. sacchan~1n) is a complete heads, with, in an old plant, many failure here and the silver maple (A. stems. Their color is something sel­ saccharinu11~ ) does so poody it is of dom seen in either wild or garden no v~lue, while A. glabrum is of rapid flowers and hard to describe, being a growth, in comparatively few years a-Iowing rosy purple and yet not pur- having attained a diameter of 16 to 18 b . . pie, either, as the blue cast is mlSS1l1g; inches and a well-rounded top 30 to 40 maybe a glorified magenta might come feet in height. It seems to ,be immune nearer. I hesitate to give that color­ to insect attack which affect other ma­ rating, however, for that much ma­ ples, c~lors beautifully in the fall an? lia-ned color is death to the popularity seems admirably adapted to the soli b of any flower, no matter how good, to and climate of the Gulf Coast Region. some gardeners. This seems to prove one of these There are so many breath taking remarkable instances where a "trans­ groupings of the wild flowers here i,n planted product" thrives so well in a the Ozarks that one can scarcely make completely diffevent environment. Its that statement about any; still, when dwarfed habit does not affect its devel­ we drive along and find these pentste­ opment, as is the case with so many man oTowing in a thick, natural plant­ conifers, when given an opportunity ing a;ainst the trees, at the roadside, it and where few trees from the high alti­ tude survive. Our late friend, T. V. really has that effect. This Beards­ Munson of Denison, Texas, one of the tona-ueb is not too common, as in our pi'oneer ~urserymen told me many years wanderings over pretty much of the ago, those conifers such as the beautiful northwest part of the state we have Colorado Blue Spruce, Picea pungens encountered it in but two localities, but would not survive south of the Red where found, it usually is in good River which we found true after much sized colonies. experimentation, but isothermic lines There is nothing lovelier, it seems to do not seem to mean anything to AceI' me until I see a bank covered with a glab1'um which well deserves a foremost sof~ blue carpet of the big flat beauties place among our ornamental trees. of the Birdfoot violet, V. pedata, or, scattered beneath the oaks, gleaming, EDWARD TEAS . rosy Phlox pilosa, starred all through Houston, T exas. with clumps of the vivid stars of S'[.len e Oct., 1942 THE ~ATIONAL HORTICULTURAL ~/rAGAZINE 193 virg'inica. Or to find in the early spring, of color but has proven a disappoint­ under a grouping of snowy white dog­ ment in the garden. While it is of the wood, a carpeting of equally white easiest culture and can be successfully bloodroot, mingled with rue anemone brought in, even in full bloom, still the , in white and pink, above its ruffles of nature of the plant seems to change, dainty leaves. even though it is only moved a few Then, in the later summer along our feet into identical soil. It apparently little spring-branch, the dwarf blue lo­ loses its fl owering ambition and sprawls belia makes a picture that delights the around, giving numbers of lovely rose eye, even of those who claim to sniff heads of bloom, it is true, but nothing at " j ust a wild flower. " This is seem­ like the delightfully dense flower mass ingly identical with Lobell:a syphilitica, of its wild state. I wish I could make except in height, which does not exceed you see one glorious grouping of this eighteen inches. The stems are clothed flower as we saw it this spring. Just for the greater part of their length with beyond the fence, at the edge of one of the gentian-blue flowers lasting for our little fields, there were many mats days, to be replaced, as they £ade, by of it growing among the scattered oaks new buds formed at their base. This and cedars. Most of them in full sun, makes a long display. I found one but many were snuggled up under small stem in bloom at Christmas time dense cedars where they only received last year. an hour, probably, of sun during the Two really blue, tuberous-rooted del­ day, but every plant so completely cov­ phinium come into bloom about with ered with the low compact flower the phloxes, one coming on just as the heads, it seemed like one big bloom. other finishes, and disappear almost as That was one of the loveliest pictures a soon as out of bloom. Both are pretty lover of pink and rose-colored flowers and quite worth while. could ever see. The wild Sweet William, Phlox di­ I like the tall, 14 to 18 in., Sept.-Oct. blooming Alli1'{'111b which we find here, varicatal, in shades of lavender, blooms along with P. pilosa and is always love­ though am not sure ' of its identity. It ly. These flowers are all easily adapted has large heads of soft, rosy blooms, the to garden culture, but there is another fl owers comparatively large and comes, grand silence that I have not been able too, at a good time, when wild flowers to handle either in plant or seeds. We are scarce. have never found but a few of this The pale blue camassia that blooms silene. It has much the same wide with the phloxes is good, too. I have scarlet stars and the characteristically never liked this flower until this spring. sticky foliage of S. virginica, only It might be the beautiful natural set­ blooms later in the season and is a ting added to its attractiveness for I much larger plant, growing its many have grown it years ago and thought it stems in a stiff, upright form, whereas rather insipid. I have planted some S. virginica throws its stems out more with a good pink shade of the wild or less horizontally, in a loose, open geranium, the same companion with formation. Both are grand plants. In which it was growing in the woods, and cultivation S. vi1r ginica continues to am expecting it to be at least worth bloom for weeks, much longer than in keeping. the wild. MRS. H. P. MAGERS The wild verbena is a gorgeous sight Greygates, R. 1, anywhere one may find its solid mats M Mtntain Home, A1r !l . 19-1- THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL ::v[AGAZr:-';E Oct., 19-1- 2 ilIasso ll ia pltstlt/ata Jacq . [See page ing quotation, though almost one hun­ 195 1 dred and forty years later, the exact point escapes us: "Nluch will it con­ Redoute in .. Les Liliacees" (Vol. tribute," he says, "to the illustration of IV, PI. 183, 1808) speaks slightingly scienc of this odd little South African plant. e, to find our. present fi gure, when He says ( roughly translated) that it copied into a certain magazine at some presents neither the brilliancy of color future period (and of which we ha\'e nor the elegant appearance of most of no doubt), specifically denominated the members of the lily family and that smooth-leaved .: as unfortunately, the one could hardly believe, at first glance, other species figured by us, PI. 46, that it could belong to the family, if all Vol. I , with obovate. blunt- ended or the necessary characters did not incli­ spathula-shaped leaves, has been, by cate its relationship. In spite of the certain hocus-pocus conjurer, and Ollr apparent finality of thi s crushing de­ ver')' good frielld, converted into sword­ scription, we still affirm that the plant shaped! ristl1l1 telleatus." I wonder has a certain modest charm. Its two who the vi llain was. queer deeply-grooved and pustulate T he plant belongs to a genus of the leaves. its greenish white flowers in a Liliaceae. The genus. Dr. Pole Evans sort of cup effect between them and its says in "Flowering P lants of South prol11i nent stamens make a C0111 bi nation Africa" (Vol. II. 1922). is very imper­ appropriate in itself and one rather fectly known. as about 24 out of the 33 alluring to the possible grower. species described in the "Flora Capen­ An article in "The Gardener's sis" (Vol. '-I. page -1-08, 1896-7 ) han Chron icle" (ser. III, 39, page 44, 1906) never been coll ected vvithin the last calls it "thi s very curious and interest­ fifty years. or are only known from ing plant" and states that it had re­ figures in botanical publications. Bailey. ceived a Botanical Certificate from the "Standard Cyclopedia" (Vol. II, page Scientific Committee of the Royal Hor­ 2010. 1935). describes them as allied ticultural Society at its last meeting. to Alliu111; rarely grown as pot plants T hough not rare in English gardens. it in the greenhouse. They have two or is said not to seem to have been fo unc! three broad opposite leaves a very short wi ld since it was first seen by Masson, scape, so that the usuall y white or the collector. over a hun dred years ago. greenish fl owers are borne in a sessil e Describing it in the "Botanists Re­ or nearly sessile globose head at the pository" (Vol. IV. P I. ccxx, 18(2) surface of the ground surrounded by under the name Jl;I assollia scabra several membranous bracts. 111 assa I/in Thullb. (this name being a synonym ), /Justu lata has an ovoid bulb, one inch Andrews says that it was introduced in diameter. ribber tuberculate broad­ into England in 1796 and flowered for oblong leans and greenish fl owers in the first time there in 1800. He calls the cup of pustl1l ate foliage: perianth it a hardy greenhouse bulb, propagated tube cylindrical. the segments narrow from the root and seeds. flowering i 11 and spreadin g: stamens long and up­ England in February and March. los­ standing. ing its leaves in June. The roots, he In the "Botanical Magazine" (Vol. says, should not be taken from the pots 17. tab. 642, 1803) it is called the after the decay of the leaves but kept "Shagreen-leaved Massoni a" from its rather dry till the leaves begin to re­ leathery thick leaves, set with small appear. Much evidently of sarcasm coni cal tubercles in the manner of the and criticism is included "in the fo llow- untanned leather known as shagreen. Oct., 1942 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 195

S01t1h Af6can Rail'ways alld Harbors [See page 194]

1I1! assonia j)l(stulata 196 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1942

The tube of the corolla is filled with a larly in the lowermost. There is no clear nectar-like liquid, which rising appreciable scent. above the brim, adds to the singular Here it grows too well and too wide­ appearance of the plant. lVlarloth illus­ ly, caring little as to whether the loca­ trates it, in "The Flora of South Af­ tion be in sun, half shade or shade: in rica (Vol. IV, PI. 23 , 1915). sandy gravel path, the ordinary clay of A warm greenhouse temperature the hillside or the deeply worked beds with plenty of water in the growing prepared for humus-loving species, It season, and little or none during the may be transplanted at almost any sea­ resting stage, seem to be indicated. son and has gone out into other gar­ SARAH V. COOMBS dens, always with the warning that it S w1-sdale, N ew York. will not stay put, a warning not always heeded by those who see it for the first Viola st1-'iata [See page 189] time in the way Mr. Hope has recorded It has been a rather general observa­ it for the illustration, tion among our gardening friends that the inclusion of our native Eastern vio­ Puschhi'tia scillo'ides [See page 191] lets in the garden is a moot point and Better gardeners than I have had a that all may be divided into two camps: word to say about this delightful spring those who wi ll have none of them be­ flowering bulb that so often has to take cause of their prodigality and those its place in the chapter devoted to who do, whether for reasons of choice "Minor Bulbs." There is no gainsay­ or of inertia. ing the fact that it is a minor bulb, if Many years ago a few plants of Viola one is talking of size, or if one speaks striata were brought into the garden of its occurrence in trade, but surely it together with plants of P/~, lo_t· d,iva,r'i­ is no more a small fry than Scilla cafa, both abundantly native in our sibirica, which any gardener knows and Potomac River valley in those parts to which he can buy (or could buy) with­ their liking, and it still remains U11Cer­ out much ado. tain as to which has been more prodi­ It l1Iust be admitted, of course, if one gal in repopulating the earth. Each may judge by its performance here, that year at blooming time the creamy it does not self-sow with the abandon masses of the violet and the lavender of that species and seems less inclined haze of the river phlox soften the heart to make offsets, all due, perhaps, to the and confirm us in our inertia, rather offhand gardening practices to Like many native violets, this starts which it must submit itself on my over· into growth early in spring with fat grown and overly shaded hillside. tufts of leaves and short stalks that do If there is any virtue in the clump not suggest the height to which they recorded here, it li es perhaps in the will attain later. ' The photograph is fact that the bulbs were raised fr0111 taken at that stage and gives a good seed, a needless task but one that took idea of the freedom of bloom. Later its part in a time when curiosity this abundance is less apparent as the prompted me to raise a considerable developing stems carry the plant up­ number of bulbs from seed to prove to wards, perhaps to a foot or mote, flow­ myself the ease or difficulty of the pro- ering from almost every axil (and cedure. ' seeding as well) , through a long time. As to difficulty, there is none save The petals are broad, creamy in col­ that of getting the seed. Whether these or. with dull violet striations, particu- were begged or bought is not rem em- Oct., 1942 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 197

Cta,ude Hope [See page 198] Magnolia stellata X Kobus 198 THE NA TlONAL HORTICULTURAL lVIAGAZINE Oct., 1942 bered, but the seeds were put in a small from seeds." This is faint praise and pot and given the same treatment in the properly dan111ing within limits, if one cold frame that was given to the an­ recalls the more brilliant fl owers of the nual crops of daffodil seeds. Germina­ tropics. tion came the fo llowing spring and From another point of view, there is after two years in a pot, the bulbs, then somethirig to be said for it. Planted in the size of a fat pea, were put out in the poor soil, not so rich as to stimulate open ground. Two years later the luxuriant growth but not so poor as to flowers came and each year since have stunt it, the plant can be used with bloomed as shown. shrubs, scrambling over and through The color at a distance is nearly them in the same fine way that some white. Close by the tinted white shows clematis species drape the roadside. It that faint greenish-blue wash and the has also been observed growing flat deeper greenish-blue marking that sep­ over the ground like an unwilling arates it from all its spring-blooming ground cover. companions, save possibly Scilla tube1'­ As can be seen from the picture. the g·iana, which is no competitor, since it circle of tortuous fringe with its faint flowers much earli er in the year, so zones (or halos) of purplish color early often that it is caught by a late overshadow the calyx parts beneath. frost. Someday, perhaps. some C;difornian N ow that each gardener should and with poll en of more brilliant species at perhaps may regard each "minor" his disposal may trouble himself to fer­ plant as a garden treasure to be safe­ tilize this plant and rear a host of seed­ guarded against a happier time, others lings some few of which may give us a combination of the relative hardiness of may be moved to sow a seed or two, -$'" Native of Asia Minor, it is patient of ;ncanwta with the bril1.iance of the more heat and cold, of dryness and of spring southern species and then? rains; it should find a wide usefulness ,,- 't~';:. for most of us. jlfagnol7:a stellada X Kobus [See page 197] PassiflO1'a il'lcanwta [See page 169] The branches from which the picture Within the last few years, the pas· was made came from a plant layered sion-f1 owers have been illustrated ill [r0111 a seedling raised by the late Dr. several species and in 1938 Miss Jones \-\Talter Van Fleet more often recalled had a note of this in her article on in connection with roses. but reall y a Vines for California. Among the va­ plantsl11an with wide and varied inter­ rious species and forms possible there, ests. The story of the crossing given this cannot be considered as one of the was that a pink fl owered form of stel­ best, but for those who cannot garden lata had been pollinated by Kob'us. in such climates as Cali fornia provides, Among the ten or twelve seedlings ex­ it is not too poor a representative of the istent at the time the garden was known large and mostly tropical genus. to me, there was little variation either To quote Bail ey's Cyclopedia, "A in habit or fl owering and no individual weedy plant but offered by dealers in with rose-tinting in the bloo111s. native plants. \i\Tith protection~ the The original trees are no longer roots wi ll surv;ve the winter as far available for observation but those from north as Baltimore, and the strong layers have grown well. now twelve to herbaceous vines make a fine cover for fifteen feet in height with no sugges­ arbors and verandahs. Easily grov,;n tion that they have finished their Oct .. 1942 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 199

Claude Hope [See page 200)

LieSCII/IIS parviflora 200 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL 1vIAGAZINE Oct.; 1942 growth. Each spring. a little before enough to permit grass beneath, but the time when the Soulange magnolias closely enough planted so as to sug­ are flowering, and at about the same gest a grassy wood and not a lawn with time as the reputed parents, the trees trees, this plant has been used in groups are covered with their starry flowers. which almost every year are covered As compared with stellata the plant with these spires that become longer is slower in coming into flower, which and more fringe-like as all the flowers tact, together with its more treelike open. habit, may tend to confirm the story of Here little seed is developed but if its origin. one finds seed, it is well to plant it As to whether or not its beauty is forthwith, so that the tap root may distinct enough to lift it above its par­ form the same autumn and the shodt ents, each of them sufficiently fine in come up the following spring in its themselves, oue hesitates to say; but own leisurely fashion. whether in flower or in leaf, or later when its orange to scarlet coated seeds are greedily and prematurely eaten by the gray squirrels that overrun the hill, it is a fine thing and a happy reminder CORRECTION of a great gardener. Mr. Wyndham Hayward very kindly points out an error in Mr. Balls' article, Aescu,t~£s parviflom [See page 199] which we hasten to say is ours and not Mr. Balls', namely the mention on page If one were to succumb to the mod­ 153 of Pamea instead of Pameanthe. ern passion for bibliographic lists, it Our thanks to Mr. Hayward and our might be found that this American further apologies to Mr. Balls. shrub native to our southeastern states would make a brave showing, since it has been known in cultivation since the end of the 18th century. The present note need not be added The Lily Slide Committee of the to that list since it has but one purpose, American Horticultural Society has as­ to reiterate the usefulness of this sum­ sembled and offers for rental to Gar­ mer-flowering shrub in shady but not den Clubs and other groups, Koda­ really dark situations. chrome Slides of Lilies. These have The photograph shows clearly enough been arranged in two sets, one for the gross details of both leaf and inflores­ beginner in lily growing, showing cul­ cence and suggests the denseness of the tural practices and lilies easy to grow; accompanying growth which over­ the other, for the more advanced grow­ shades our plants from noon till sun­ er, is a general collection of lily pic­ (lown. tures. In one of the parks in Washington, For full description and terms of D. c., which is essentially an open wood rental, please write to Mrs. Joseph G. with trees high enough and clear Walker, \:Voodberry Forest, Virginia. Oct., 1942 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 201 d lll erical! Plallts ent parts of the world. To cite a single example, Curtis Botani cal Magazine, In many of the issues of the maga­ as a constant refl ector of the historical zin e during the last few years, there introducti on of plants, is quite enough. have been notes from our Director, Although thi s journal does not always NI rs. H enry, that have refl ected her in­ win fo r itself the complete admirati on terest and acti vity in coll ecting native of taxonomists, it does give a passing plants in vari ous parts of the United picture of the times and points out the States, of late chi efl y in our South. change in interest in the British gar­ These have dealt not only with the re­ deni ng publi c, which successively had discovery in a horticul tural sense of the privilege of many plants from the plants long known to botanical science, four corners of the globe. but also with the di scovery of in divid­ It may easily Ibe that we shall have ual plants that showed variation from now an era in which we shall be as the norm of the species, of sufficient keenly aware of the riches of this coun­ interest to bring them into vegetative try, as have been gardeners overseas cultivation. who have sometimes known more of Fortunately fo r us, these days have our plants than we ourselves. not been buried forever in Mrs. Hen­ ry's own garden from which they left TTi ll tersweet the world through her generous gifts. Each turn of the year, as the out­ The Upperbank N ursery of Media, door picture changes from the richness Pennsylvania, has taken over the stock of autumn to the period when one can of many of them, propagated them and appease his garde n hunger only with has just issued a catalogue of those that the plants he may grow in doors, or the are available fo r the gardener who static beauty of nature in her ti me of wishes a vicar ious share in her journey­ sleep, there are a few plants that offer ings. T he list is imposing both in their period of bloom. no matter how number and in kind and merits the at­ unnatural it may appear. tention of the gardener who concerns v'lith perhaps tiresome repetitious­ hi mself with his native fl ora, the same ness. it may be mentioned that to the sort of concern that prompted Dr. Van beautiful witchhazels mi ght be added Dersal to write the ,book reviewed else­ the O riental wintersweet, known both where iJ) this issue. as C /u:111,onanthus f1'agra ns and M enJtia Doubtless clu e to the limi ted nature pra.eco .'r in gardening literature. It has of the original stock and to certain di f­ ·been mentioned here before and various fic ulties in propagati on. the prices are plants have been bought and planted not those of ordinary plants, but this as a result of such notices but it is still need not deter one, si nce it means only not C0 111 mon. that he must prolong the pleasures of Closely related to the sweet-shrubs pu rchase over more than one season, (Calywnthus spp.) which it resembles during which time the propagation can sLiperficially in many ways, it produces go on and pri ces tumble. its fragrant fl owers through late au­ In all gardeni ng hi story there have tumn and win ter. running the usual been times when the garden world was race between frost and freezing that enriched with the fl ora of special areas. decides the fate of so many plants that and one of the pleasures of li brary tempt the end of the season. Further browsing is always that of noting the south. thi hazard i not so great, but introduction of plants from the differ- it is to be -upposed that there too it 202 THE ~ATIO~AL HORTICULTURAL :-[AGAZINE Oct.. 1942

Lilioll .-1. G llernsey [See page 203) Rhododelldroll 1ll1lCl'OI'lIi/atlllll Oct., 1942 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 203

may be caught at times a nd mi ss its fo rmed and perfectly r eady for the first fl owering. warm days of Spring. Here, near Unlike the sweet-shrubs which all " -Iashington . it is frequently beguiled have brownish fl owers, this has yellow in midwinter by our uncertain warmth blooms with petals of a more translu­ in unfolding its fl ower s which normally cent texture. the innermost ma rked hould compete in the season of for­ with dull red. Its distinction , however. sythia . li es in its scent. whi ch always r eminds The shoots from which the photo­ me of the old Chinese tazetta narci sus g raph was made were taken fr01l1 that meant the Chinese New Year Sea­ youngish plants that were still busied son in our pa rts , a scent that is both in g rowing u p to form the structure of heavy and acute if one vvill permit such the shrub and had not yet branched a seeming paradox. The one apparent out into the mature twiggy form of the necessity in bringing it into the house mature plant. They should not be con­ as a cut fl ower is to temper its tran­ siclered therefore as meaning that the siti on trom the cold outside to the plant is always stiff a nd g raceless. Far he:lted house. by a period in a cold ish from it. room. Some of the open fl owers and \\'hen fi r st introduced there were some of the smaller buds will fall. but plants available of the related R. dau­ enough will last to make it a pleasure riOt1l1 trom which this plant differ s in for days. even if the homely color ing minor ways in the gardener's 1l1 easure. will n ot, canl10t compete with berried Of late this plant has been the m or e sprays nor late chrysanthemullls. C0111m 0I1 . but as it does not come from There is some variation among the cuttings with the ease that character­ plants known here, both in the degree izes so many azaleas and some rhodo­ of yell owness and in the time of fl ower­ dendrons, its propagati on by ~ee d has ing. Curiously enough. the one plant not been as general as it well might be. that always has flowered in Novelllber If the seeds are sown on sifted sphag­ has never borne a seed-pod, while some num 111 0SS and grown on. fo ll owin.g th e that never have opened before late De­ technique indicated in recent papers in cember often have a few of the curious this journal. there is little difficulty fruits that at first sight suggest the in getting a goodly progeny in short COcoo ns of the great Cecropia moths. order and the young plants gr ow qui,ck­ Some day, perhaps, a patient gardener ly and flower when quite young. who li ves where seeds may be had. will It is remarkably hardy to cold and raise a g reat quantity from them and reasona1bly patient with summer choose the individuals that offer the droughts. If it has any marked dis­ greatest range of variation for the bene­ like, it would seem to be agai nst over­ fit of winter gardens. shading which reduced the vigor of growth and the resultant fl owering, as RhododC'lldroll 1I1/.IcrOIl IIlatli 111 r ee well as the brilliancy of autumn color. page 202] one of the features that makes it useful. Like the last shrub. this too has been As is probably recalled. its fl owers mentioned in the magazine more than though often descr ibed as rose-purple once. and while it cannot be considered ar e of that color that loses the purple with any safety as a winter-flo",.- ering when planted where li ght shines shrub, it fa J1 s into that very useful cate­ through them. and still mor e. if under­ gory of shrub which go into the win­ planted with f1 ol'I'ers that a re truly pur­ ter with a ll their fl ower buds fu ll y ple or v iolet. INDEX FOR VOLUME 21

Figures in italics represent illustrations Caughey, Rachel: Narcissus, Silver Chin.1es ______49 Abbey, Fred M. : C heilanth~~s gracilii11W ______J,12, 11 6 D1'yas sul1de1'11wmni______91 Chenopodi~(, 1n album ______12 AceI' glabrum ______190 Chionanth ~~ps 1'etuS~ts, The Propa- Aconitums ______53 gation of, but Cuttings ______175 ActinC'a herbacea ______90 Cicho1'vum I ntybus ______10 Adeniu1'11, ObeSU11'L ______104, 105 Clement, Annie Lee R. : A egopod-iu11'l, podagraria ______190 Kalmias ______52 Aesc ~~lu.s pa?'viflora ______199, 200 Tiarellas ______52 A ethionema, Warley Rose______90 ColchicU111, triphyllu111, ______151 , 152 Ahebia quinata ______100 Convalla?,ia 111ajalis, pink.______100 Alliu,m 1'a11WSU111, ______102 tuberosum ______103 Cook, O . F.: Alo11soa, acu,tifolia ______J,28, 129 ANew Commercial Oil Palm in Amaryllis bellad01'ma ______48 Ecuador ______70 Ambis F e1'dinandi-C ObbWgi ______90 A1'Ctiu111 La,ppa, ______12 Coomibs, Sarah V. : A1'ge11'LOne platyce1'as ______55 A Group of Proteads ______178 pustq,~la 194 Azaleas, Alphonse Pericat's ______157 Mas sonia ______Azalea Vas eyi ______101 C O1' eopsis do'u.glasi·i ______65 giga,nt ea ______64 Baile'ya 1m(,ltvradiata ______55, 63 55, 1na1'i t i1na ______63, 64 Balls, E. K. : C01"nus Mas ______167 Bulbs Here and There ______145 C O1'onilla cappadocica ______91 B{]Jrtsia g1'acilis --- ______128, 129 C O1'ylus avellana ______190 C1'ocopsis fulg ens ______124, 127 Bates; A lfred: C1'OCUS Da-nfMdiae ______150 The Illusive Ivy-VIL______132 La:Jicus ______150 Pots for Plants______21 S c ha?'o jani ______"______150 Bauhinia sp. ------______109, 110 val ico la ______150 Blasdale, W. c.: C1'yptogm1n111a acrosticoides ______114 Some Xerophytic Ferns Worthy Cypella H erre1'a ______J,22, 124 of Cultivation ______111 Daphne Genkwa ______A6 , 47 B letiUa st1'iata ______108 B omarea involucrosa ______120 Donofrio, P.: ovata ------______120, 121 Choice Droug.ht Resistant Rock Plants ______90 Brydon, P. H.: D1"yas su.nder11W 1'/11i ______91 Notes on Rhododendron Species Encelia farinosa, ______61, 63 at the Botanical Garden, Uni- Enceliops'is argophyUa var. gmnd'i- versity of California ______93 fi01'a ______62, 62 Bulbs Here and There ______145 EuonY1nus eU1'opea ______40 Cajaphom Penthlandii ______123, 126 Eu.stephia coccinea ______118, 118 Calceolaria bartsifolia ______127, 129 Fag'/./,5 , The B eeches ______167 Calochortus N uttallii ______55 Ferns, Some Xerophytic, Worthy Cantua bu.rifolia -----______. ______126, 128 of Cultivation ______111 cande lilla .. ______. ______. ______126, 129 F e1'rG1'ia ~tndulata ______A9, 51 [204] Oct., 1942 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL :MA GAZINE 205

Fisher, L ouise B. : J effrey, H.: Fruits and Vegetables of the Aconi tUI11S ______53 _18th Century ______57 Prim,ula F olTestii ______108 hmi pen ,f,s pach)1phloca ______56 Fox, Helen M. : Key West, Mrs. Christopher Col- Edible Weeds ______9 umbus Di scovers ______169 FritiUaria glmf.co-viridis Gmeca____ 151 L eioph'yllull! boxifoliu1n prostra- Fruits and Vegetables of the 18th t~£1% ______36, 39 Cen tury ______57 L eptochiton quitoe11sis ______153, 154 Fuchsia 11wcmntha ______125, 127 L eucadend?'o n. cordatwm ______180, 181 Galax aph)111a ______- 40 c?rassifoliu11'l' ______182, 186 Gattefosse, Jean: salignum ______180, 183 Native Narcissus of Morocco____ 26 L eucospe1"1m i1'lt nutans ______184, 186 Lilies, About ______86 Glass, Powell: Lili ~wn Catesbaei ______66 On the Behavior of Rhododen­ heldreichii ______157 dron Species and H ybrids in Virginia ______94 lYhch1:ga11 enSe ______167 pontic 101m ------______156, 157 Green, Eldred E. : Loasa Cu zco ensis ______123, 126 Akebia q'wil'lata ______100 Lobivia c01 ' b ~ l. la ______124, 127 Azalea V ase)1i ______~ 101 Longevity of Plants, Thc______68 Cabbage Roses ______168 Lonicem pmejlorens ______36, 41 C onvalla?'ia 111,aja.lis, pink______100 Lycoris squ.a11'Lig era ______42 C 01'nu.s Mas ______167 McLean, Forman: C or)1lus aveUana ______190 E1,£Qnymu,s europea ______40 \Vhen Does Liliul11 Catesbaei Bloom ______66 Fagu,s, The Beeches ______167 Gala,x aphylla ______40 Magers, Mrs. H. P. : Gentians ______188 Two Ozark Wild Flowers ______192 Mag1wl·ia stellata X KobuL __ 179, 198 Goutweed ______~ ______190 M ahonia aquifoliH,111, ______40 Liliu7n 1%ichiganense ______167 Lycoris sq~ba17!!ig em ______42 Marriage, Kathleen N. : M aho1via aq~£ifoz.i~t1% ______40 E1'iogonum ovalifolitf,1 11 ______100, 103 P a·e onia 0 fficinalis ______41 sub-alpinu11'L ______99, 101 Tree Ferns in Hawaii ______101 Massonia pustulata ______194. 195 M entzelia fendlel'1:anGZ ______153 Harkness, Bernard: M ic?'ome?'ia 1'upestris ______34, 37 Alli Ul11S ______102 M olucella la evis ______104, 107 H e lianth ~£s tuberosus ______13 Hym,enocalhs amancaes ______154 Moncure, Robert c.: Iris Bakerial1a ______145 Stern bergias ______.___ 106 h.is t?'ioide s ______145 M Mwlopia major ______64, 65 histrio'ides aintabens'is ______145 Narcissus Broussoneti·i ______29 per sica ______<______146 bu.!bocodiu711 ______.26, 147, 148 1'et'bculata ______145 elegans ______27 s is,:>,ri17 chi U 1n ______.42, 45 M arvieri ______28 Ivy, The Illusive-VIL______132 11'10 l'l 0 Ph ' yUus ______26 h·i·oli1'1:on "l'llontaml?n ______146 praecox ______26 pallasii ______146 serot; nus ______26 206 THE NATIO TAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1942

Tazetfa ...... ______29 Senior, Robert 1VI. : /lVafieri ...... ______.. ____ .. _____ 27, 148, 149 Longevi ty of P lan ts .. ______68 Native Narcissus of 1\110rocco .. ______26 Sericothcca dU ll tOsa _____ .______56 New Mexico, Spring Comes Twice Serruria ft01'ida ------0-----185, 186 In ______"______55 Sharpe. Estell e L. : N omenciature of L ili es . Memo re: 130 N otholacll o Parryi ____ .. ______.. ______11 6 Spring Comes Twice in New sil1uota ______.. __ .. ____ .. ______.... _115, 11 6 M ex i co __ .. ______55 Oil Palm in Ecuador, A New Sis y r i 11 chi u /'/I Chile II sis ______124 Commercial ______.. __ .. __ 70 ] 0./1'1 c so II i·i ______124 Opulltia ftoecosa ______.. __ .. 123. ] 27 Spirea Morgaritoe ______.. 34. 35 Pacollio offici'wlis ______.. 41 StCIlOIllCSSO II alfro ll tiaClfIll ____ .. 120. 120 Passiftoro il1carllato ______.. 169, 198 Pca.r ce i ______.. 119. 120 llf tco ____ .. ______1, 44 va riega t If III ______119, 120 Pcllac(7 all drOlllCd(7cfo1ia ______.. 111, 144 Stern bergi as ______106 B l'ewe r i ______1 14 Stout. A . B. : Rridgesii ______.... _.. __ .... ______111, 11 4 Memo Re : N ol11 enciature of co 111 pacta ______.... ______.. 112. 11-+ Lilies ______130 d C N so. ______.. ______11 4 oI' II it 11 0 ps is ______113. 11 6 Stoute111ye r. V. T. : PC ll tstCIIIOII difflfslls ______.. __ .. 34. 38 jIIlo/bfcella {aevis ______104 Pell tae/lOcta aurC(7 ______.. _____ 65 The Propagation of Chionanthus Per07)s/?ia abrotalloidcs .. ____ .. ___ 38. -1-3 retusus by cuttings ,______175 Phaedrallassa dlfbia ____ .______.. ______152 Phytolaecea a11'lcricalla ______12 Teas, Edward: P.itcair ll ia fcrrllgil1ca. ______11 8. 118 Ace r glabnt1'I't ______.. ____ 191 Tree Ferns in Hawaii .. ______102 PityogralJll lla triangularis ______111 P lant Explorers. Early______101 T ulip Bulbs. Ups and Downs of ___ 15 Platall ifs Wrightii ______56 T llti pa J/'I 0 1/ tana ______,.. ____ 148 pol~yc h rom a ______.. 146 Pots for P lants .. ______21. 27 viola c ea ______146 Proteads. A Group of ______178 Pro tea eYllaroidcs ______179, 180 L'rccolilla peruvialla ______124 ['rt ica d i 0 i m ______11 Portlflaea olcracca ______16 PIfSChRillio scilloides ______191. 196 Vargas C. Cesar : T he Ornamental F lora of the R idgway. H. \ \T. : Rocky Cli ffs of Sajsaihuaman. Alphonse Peri cat's Azaleas ______157 Cuzco, Peru ______11 7 Roripo 1I0st lf rtiullf-aqlfatiulII. ______9 Vegetable Gardening ______54 Roses. Ca bhage ______168 Viola striata ______189, 196

Rowntree, Lester: \ Valker. Violet N iles : California Daisy Pageant ______61 A bou t L ili es ______86 R U7HCX Acctosello .. ______11 Early P lant Explorers .. ______1 Sajsaihuaman. Cuzco, Peru. The Mrs. Christopher Co l u 111 bus Ornamental F lora oL ______11 7 Discovers Key \Vest ______169 Salvia b i ft 0 ra ______128. 1.29 Weeds. Edible ______9 F l1 cso colc ll do Selden, Mary M.: 71.13 . 75.77,79,81, 83 Ups and Downs of Tulip Bul bs _ 15 Zepll ,}'rall thes 'l'crcc lfll do ______.152, 153 Oct., 1942 THE ~A TIO NAL HORTICULTURAL :'vIAGAZ I .\TE

CACTUS and other SUCCULENTS WILD FLOWER PLANTS AND FERNS Free Illustrated Ca'alogue

To brighten H shadY nook. Fel'll. a FOR SALE-Profuse ly specialty. Fre~ Catalogue. Illust rated , Super­ Excelle nt Books WAKE ROBIN FARM J ames L oder Park, P r op. Route 2, Home, P~nnsylvania Cactus for the Amateur, $1.00 PEONY ARISTOCRATS Succulents for the Amateur, $1.50 fol' your yards and gardens. Only the best of old and new l'31'ieties. at attract i,e prices. Our Catalog names best co mm ercial cu l 4 Hower "arieties, and gives nllu able Illanting and growing i nstructions. KNICKERBOCKER NURSERY HARMEL PEONY COMPANY RO UTE No . 3 SAN OIEGO. CALIFORNI.~ Growers of Fine Peo nies S: nce 191 J BER LIN . MARYLAND

1500 VARIETIES MENTION THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL Peonies, Iris, Poppies MAGAZINE and Hemerocallis Ask for Free Catalog No. 910 WHEN DEALING WI TH O UR ADVERTISERS C. F. WASSENBERG VAN WERT. OHIO

Information on 47 USEFUL HERBS NEW directly presented, in this new hand­ SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS book. of lhe American Horticultural Society TRY GROWING HERBS THE AMERICAN LILY YEARBOOK, Compiled by 1942 HELEN M. WHITMAN, for the N . Y. Unit FT erb Society of America 119 Pages - 42 Illustrations PRICE $1.00 Latest Lily Information by Experts A rOJlcisc g'uide to growing a nd ha n 'esting Price $1.25 ('ulinaJ'Y and medicinal H erbs in this coun­ ---e--- tr~ ' . Full data is l:(iYen on each H erb, as to origin, use, part u~ ~ d , maturity, where thcy THE DAFFODIL YEARBOOK, 194·2 ra n he bought, etc. 011 th e page 0ppos'ite each description is an First in A.H.S. Series Since 1938 olltli?le 'in ?I'71i,c71 to record tile e:vpe?'1me nter's A joint publication of lhe own data on til e same herb. ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY Tl.e light gray coyer ca rrie a charming design by Georgia Man' Whitman . The en · and the til'C puhlication is an attractiye and n eflll AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL ha nclbook for the experimenter. SOCIETY Make checks payable to 96 Pages - 22 Illustrations AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL Stiff Bourll Covers SOCIETY Price Now 75c a Copy and mail your orders to 821 Washington Loan & Trust Building, Afler Januar~' 1, 1943 Washington, D. C. Price $1.00 II THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Oct., 1942

THE AMERICAN IRIS SOCIETY The American I ri s Society, since its orga nization in 1920, has publ ished 86 Bulletins which cover every pha se of iris growing. These bulletins go four times each year to all members, who may also purchase any back numbers in stock for SOc a copy. Because the bulletins are not for sa le except to members a SPECIAL I NTRODUCTORY OFFER of SIX for ONE DOLLAR is made to non-members. The six are our selection from surplus stock. THE ALPHABETICAL IRIS CHECK LIST, edited by Ethel Anson S. Peckham and publ ished in 1940, is an invaluable reference book for all who grow irises or w ish to know about irises. The book li sts about nineteen thousa nd names of irises (including synonyms and mis-spellings) and contains as nearly as is humanly possible all the old species and var ieties as wel l as the new ones, w ith added information about obsolete varieties, species, section, season, color an d fragrance. There is a long I ist of names of breeders, introducers, dealers and authors, with brief biograph ical details. The bindim" ic durable, wa ter-proof cloth, and in spite (If ;+: ~=2 f-i0Des The book is of a size comfortable for hnlrl;:--:o 0110 carrying The price t o A I S members is $3.00, to non-mt.. rs $4.00. Orders shou ld be addressed to the ofiiLC' of the Secretary, 82 1 Washington Loan & T rust Building, Wash ingtoll, I) C , and checks made payable to the American I ris Society

A VERY SPECIAL OFFER

The Manua l of the American Peony Society is a handbook of peony informa­ tion obtainable in no other pub lication A. limited stock is sti ll available and another drastic reduction in price has been made. Membership in the Society and a copy of the Peony Manua I can be had for $4.65, or the Manua l wi ll be sent postpaid while the supp ly lasts for $1.65. Circu lar of contents sent on request This is a wonderful buy and stock should be dep leted rapidly Better get a copy while they are still avai lable. No second edi t ion to be printed Four informative bulletins are issued yea rly and are sent to all members. If interested, write for copy. Make all remittances to American Peony Society and mail to

w. F. CHRISTMAN, Secretary, American Peony Society, Northbrook. III. The American Horticultural Society

I NVITES to membership all persons who are interested in the devel­ opment of a great national society that shall serve as an ever growing center for the dissemination of the common knowledge of the members. There is no requirement for membership other than this and no reward beyond a share in the development of the organization. For its members the society publishes THE NATIONAL HORTICUL­ TURAL MAGAZINE, at the present time a quarterly of increasing impor­ tance among the horticultural publications of the day and destined to fill an even larger role as the society grows. It is published during the months of January, April, July and October and is written by and for members. Under the present organization of the society with special committees appointed for the furthering of special plant projects the members will receive advance material on narcissus, tulips, lilies, rock gare,;tu ~~.::: .. ,~. rRnifpr$. nuts, and rhododendrons. Membership in the society, therefore, brings one .: ..: ~dvantages of membership in many societies. In addition to these special P ~ ,. _, the usual garden subjects are covered and particular attenr;~- ;: ?dld to new or little known plants that are not commonl)! described elsewhere. The American Horticultural Society invites not only personal mem­ berships but affi' ~ ·tions with horticultural societies and clubs. To such it offers some special inducements in memberships. Memberships are by the calendar year. The Annual Meeting of the Society is held in Washington, D. c., and members are invited to attend the special lectures that are given at that time. These are announced to the membership at the time of balloting. The annual dues are three dollars the year, payable in advance; life membership is one hundred dollars; inquiry as to affiliation should be addressed to the Secretary, 821 Washington Loan and Trust Building, Washington, D. C.