„Bitstream“ Fonts
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WORDS MADE FLESH Code, Culture, Imagination Florian Cramer
WORDS MADE FLESH Code, Culture, Imagination Florian Cramer Me dia De s ign Re s e arch Pie t Z w art Ins titute ins titute for pos tgraduate s tudie s and re s e arch W ille m de Kooning Acade m y H oge s ch ool Rotte rdam 3 ABSTRACT: Executable code existed centuries before the invention of the computer in magic, Kabbalah, musical composition and exper- imental poetry. These practices are often neglected as a historical pretext of contemporary software culture and electronic arts. Above all, they link computations to a vast speculative imagination that en- compasses art, language, technology, philosophy and religion. These speculations in turn inscribe themselves into the technology. Since even the most simple formalism requires symbols with which it can be expressed, and symbols have cultural connotations, any code is loaded with meaning. This booklet writes a small cultural history of imaginative computation, reconstructing both the obsessive persis- tence and contradictory mutations of the phantasm that symbols turn physical, and words are made flesh. Media Design Research Piet Zwart Institute institute for postgraduate studies and research Willem de Kooning Academy Hogeschool Rotterdam http://www.pzwart.wdka.hro.nl The author wishes to thank Piet Zwart Institute Media Design Research for the fellowship on which this book was written. Editor: Matthew Fuller, additional corrections: T. Peal Typeset by Florian Cramer with LaTeX using the amsbook document class and the Bitstream Charter typeface. Front illustration: Permutation table for the pronounciation of God’s name, from Abraham Abulafia’s Or HaSeichel (The Light of the Intellect), 13th century c 2005 Florian Cramer, Piet Zwart Institute Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of any of the following licenses: (1) the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foun- dation; either version 2 of the License, or any later version. -
Typography One Typeface Classification Why Classify?
Typography One typeface classification Why classify? Classification helps us describe and navigate type choices Typeface classification helps to: 1. sort type (scholars, historians, type manufacturers), 2. reference type (educators, students, designers, scholars) Approximately 250,000 digital typefaces are available today— Even with excellent search engines, a common system of description is a big help! classification systems Many systems have been proposed Francis Thibaudeau, 1921 Maximillian Vox, 1952 Vox-ATypI, 1962 Aldo Novarese, 1964 Alexander Lawson, 1966 Blackletter Venetian French Dutch-English Transitional Modern Sans Serif Square Serif Script-Cursive Decorative J. Ben Lieberman, 1967 Marcel Janco, 1978 Ellen Lupton, 2004 The classification system you will learn is a combination of Lawson’s and Lupton’s systems Black Letter Old Style serif Transitional serif Modern Style serif Script Cursive Slab Serif Geometric Sans Grotesque Sans Humanist Sans Display & Decorative basic characteristics + stress + serifs (or lack thereof) + shape stress: where the thinnest parts of a letter fall diagonal stress vertical stress no stress horizontal stress Old Style serif Transitional serif or Slab Serif or or reverse stress (Centaur) Modern Style serif Sans Serif Display & Decorative (Baskerville) (Helvetica) (Edmunds) serif types bracketed serifs unbracketed serifs slab serifs no serif Old Style Serif and Modern Style Serif Slab Serif or Square Serif Sans Serif Transitional Serif (Bodoni) or Egyptian (Helvetica) (Baskerville) (Rockwell/Clarendon) shape Geometric Sans Serif Grotesk Sans Serif Humanist Sans Serif (Futura) (Helvetica) (Gill Sans) Geometric sans are based on basic Grotesk sans look precisely drawn. Humanist sans are based on shapes like circles, triangles, and They have have uniform, human writing. -
Bitstream Fonts in May 2005 at Totaling 350 Font Families with a Total of 1357 Font Styles
Bitstream Fonts in May 2005 at http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/bitstream totaling 350 font families with a total of 1357 font styles The former Bitstream typeface libraries consisted mainly of forgeries of Linotype fonts and of ITC fonts. See the list below on the pages 24–29 about the old Bitstream Typeface Library of 1992. The 2005 Bitstream typeface library contains the same forgeries of Linotype fonts as formerly and also the same ITC fonts, but it also includes a lot of new mediocre „rubbish fonts“ (e.g. „Alphabet Soup“, „Arkeo“, „Big Limbo“), but also a few new quality fonts (e.g. „Drescher Grotesk“, „Prima Serif“ etc.). On the other hand, a few old fonts (e.g. „Caxton“) were removed. See the list below on pages 1–23. The typeface collection of CorelDraw comprises almost the entire former old Bitstream typeface library (see the list below on pages 24–29) with the following exceptions: 1. A few (ca. 3) forgeries of Linotype fonts are missing in the CorelDraw font collections, e.g. the fonts „Baskerville No. 2“ (= Linotype Baskerville No. 2), „Italian Garamond“ (= Linotype Garamond Simoncini), and „Revival 555“ (= Linotype Horley Old Style). 2. A lot (ca. 11) of ITC fonts are not contained in the CorelDraw font collections, e.g. „ITC Berkeley Oldstyle“, „ITC Century“, „ITC Clearface“, „ITC Isbell“, „ITC Italia“, „ITC Modern No. 216“, „ITC Ronda“, „ITC Serif Gothic“, „ITC Tom’s Roman“, „ITC Zapf Book“, and „ITC Zapf International“. Ulrich Stiehl, Heidelberg 3-May 2005 Aachen – 2 styles Ad Lib™ – 1 styles Aerospace Pi – 1 styles Aldine -
Afgbaskerville (The Type Face)
gfaBaskerville (the type face) xagfi {the type} {the man} abcdefghijklmn opqrstuvwxyz ABCDEFGHI JKLMNOPQR STUVWXYZ Having been an early admirer of the beauty of letters, I vertical stress relatively low contrast “became insensibly desirous of contributing to the perfection Baskerville is a transitional type of them. I formed to myself ideas of greater accuracy than had yet appeared, and had endeavoured to produce a set of types according to what I conceived to be their true { old style type modern type proportion. oblique stress vertical stress —John Baskerville, preface to Milton, 1758 relatively low contrast high contrast (Anatomy of a Typeface) ” {looks} use of orthogonal lines use of orthogonal + curvy lines FHTt BDp use of curvy lines use of diagonal lines cOQ vwXZ In order to truely appreciate the quialities of Baskerville, one must understand the The Baskerville type is known for the crisp edges, high contrast and generous process of its creation. Being a printer, John Baskerville paid close attention to the proportions. Baskerville is categorized as a transitional typeface in between classical technology, creating his own intense black ink. He boiled fine linseed oil to a certain typefaces and the high contrast modern faces. density, dissolved rosin, and let it subside for months before using it. He also studied and invested in presses, resulting in the development of high standards for presses altogether. {anatomy} crossbar serif ear head serif ascender counter apex A a x g Q b q O spur x-height descender swash {characteristics} {1}g Q {2} A {3} {4}J {5}C {6}E {7}ea {1} tail on lower case g does not close {2} swash-like tail of Q {4} J well below baseline {3} high crossbar and pointed apex of A {5} top and bottom serifs on C {6} long lower arm of E {7} small counter of italic e compared to italic a {comparison} Bembo Baskerville Bembo Baskerville d The head serif of Baskerville is generally more horizontal than that of Bembo. -
NEWSLETTER 43 Antikvariat Morris · Badhusgatan 16 · 151 73 Södertälje · Sweden [email protected] |
NEWSLETTER 43 antikvariat morris · badhusgatan 16 · 151 73 södertälje · sweden [email protected] | http://www.antikvariatmorris.se/ [dwiggins & goudy] browning, robert: In a Balcony The Blue Sky Press, Chicago. 1902. 72 pages. 8vo. Cloth spine with paper label, title lettered gilt on front board, top edge trimmed others uncut. spine and boards worn. Some upper case letters on title page plus first initial hand coloured. Introduction by Laura Mc Adoo Triggs. Book designs by F. W. Goudy & W. A. Dwiggins. Printed in red & black by by A.G. Langworthy on Van Gelder paper in a limited edition. This is Nr. 166 of 400 copies. Initialazed by Langworthy. One of Dwiggins first book designs together with his teacher Goudy. “Will contributed endpapers and other decorations to In a Balcony , but the title page spread is pure Goudy.” Bruce Kennett p. 20 & 28–29. (Not in Agner, Ransom 19). SEK500 / €49 / £43 / $57 [dwiggins] wells, h. g.: The Time Machine. An invention Random House, New York. 1931. x, 86 pages. 8vo. Illustrated paper boards, black cloth spine stamped in gold. Corners with light wear, book plate inside front cover (Tage la Cour). Text printed in red and black. Set in Monotype Fournier and printed on Hamilton An - dorra paper. Stencil style colour illustrations. Typography, illustra - tions and binding by William Addison Dwiggins. (Agner 31.07, Bruce Kennett pp. 229–31). SEK500 / €49 / £43 / $57 [bodoni] guarini, giovan battista: Pastor Fido Impresso co’ Tipi Bodoniani, Crisopoli [Parma], 1793. (4, first 2 blank), (1)–345, (3 blank) pages. Tall 4to (31 x 22 cm). -
Sig Process Book
A Æ B C D E F G H I J IJ K L M N O Ø Œ P Þ Q R S T U V W X Ethan Cohen Type & Media 2018–19 SigY Z А Б В Г Ґ Д Е Ж З И К Л М Н О П Р С Т У Ф Х Ч Ц Ш Щ Џ Ь Ъ Ы Љ Њ Ѕ Є Э І Ј Ћ Ю Я Ђ Α Β Γ Δ SIG: A Revival of Rudolf Koch’s Wallau Type & Media 2018–19 ЯREthan Cohen ‡ Submitted as part of Paul van der Laan’s Revival class for the Master of Arts in Type & Media course at Koninklijke Academie von Beeldende Kunsten (Royal Academy of Art, The Hague) INTRODUCTION “I feel such a closeness to William Project Overview Morris that I always have the feeling Sig is a revival of Rudolf Koch’s Wallau Halbfette. My primary source that he cannot be an Englishman, material was the Klingspor Kalender für das Jahr 1933 (Klingspor Calen- dar for the Year 1933), a 17.5 × 9.6 cm book set in various cuts of Wallau. he must be a German.” The Klingspor Kalender was an annual promotional keepsake printed by the Klingspor Type Foundry in Offenbach am Main that featured different Klingspor typefaces every year. This edition has a daily cal- endar set in Magere Wallau (Wallau Light) and an 18-page collection RUDOLF KOCH of fables set in 9 pt Wallau Halbfette (Wallau Semibold) with woodcut illustrations by Willi Harwerth, who worked as a draftsman at the Klingspor Type Foundry. -
Type ID and History
History and Identification of Typefaces with your host Ted Ollier Bow and Arrow Press Anatomy of a Typeface: The pieces of letterforms apex cap line serif x line ear bowl x height counter baseline link loop Axgdecender line ascender dot terminal arm stem shoulder crossbar leg decender fkjntail Anatomy of a Typeface: Design decisions Stress: Berkeley vs Century Contrast: Stempel Garamond vs Bauer Bodoni oo dd AAxx Axis: Akzidenz Grotesk, Bembo, Stempel Garmond, Meridien, Stymie Q Q Q Q Q Typeface history: Blackletter Germanic, completely pen-based forms Hamburgerfonts Alte Schwabacher c1990 Monotype Corporation Hamburgerfonts Engraver’s Old English (Textur) 1906 Morris Fuller Benton Hamburgerfonts Fette Fraktur 1850 Johan Christian Bauer Hamburgerfonts San Marco (Rotunda) 1994 Karlgeorg Hoefer, Alexei Chekulayev Typeface history: Humanist Low contrast, left axis, “penned” serifs, slanted “e”, small x-height Hamburgerfonts Berkeley Old Style 1915 Frederic Goudy Hamburgerfonts Centaur 1914 Bruce Rogers after Nicolas Jenson 1469 Hamburgerfonts Stempel Schneidler 1936 F.H.Ernst Schneidler Hamburgerfonts Adobe Jenson 1996 Robert Slimbach after Nicolas Jenson 1470 Typeface history: Old Style Medium contrast, more vertical axis, fewer “pen” flourishes Hamburgerfonts Stempel Garamond 1928 Stempel Type Foundry after Claude Garamond 1592 Hamburgerfonts Caslon 1990 Carol Twombley after William Caslon 1722 Hamburgerfonts Bembo 1929 Stanley Morison after Francesco Griffo 1495 Hamburgerfonts Janson 1955 Hermann Zapf after Miklós Tótfalusi Kis 1680 Typeface -
Berthold Wolpe Geboren Am 29
Berthold Wolpe Geboren am 29. Oktober 1905 in Offenbach am Main, gestorben am 5. Juli 1989 in London. Nach dem Abitur 1925 Lehre als Bronzegießer, in der Hauptsache aber als Ziseleur. 1925–1928 Technische Lehr- anstalten in Offenbach. Mitglied in der »Offenbacher Werkgemein- schaft« von Rudolf Koch. Von 1929–1933 Lehrtätigkeit an den Techni- schen Lehranstalten Offenbach und gleichzeitig Lehrer für Schrift an der Kunstschule Frankfurt (später Städelschule). 1935 Emigration nach London. Dort Graphiker, Buchgestalter und Lehrer für Schrift (zuletzt am Royal College of Art, London). 1983 Aufnahme in den Order of the British Empire. http://www.klingspor-museum.de Albertus 1938 Monotype Linotype Albertus Light 1940 Monotype Linotype ALBERTUS TITLING 1936 Monotype Bold Titling 1940 Monotype Decorata 1956 Fanfare Press 1952 Bauer. Gießerei LTB Italic 1973 London Transport unveröffentlicht 1937 Monotype 1936 Monotype G. Helzel Sachsenwald Gotisch halbfett 1938 Monotype Sachsenwald Gotisch fett Monotype Titling 1936 Fanfare Press Wolpe Fraktur 1933 D. Stempel AG unveröffentlicht Abbildung siehe Anhang http://www.klingspor-museum.de Berthold Wolpe Collection Bearbeitung der Schriften von Berthold Wolpe durch Toshi Omagari für Monotype Albertus Nova Thin 2017 Monotype Linotype Albertus Nova Light 2017 Monotype Linotype Albertus Nova 2017 Monotype Linotype Albertus Nova Bold 2017 Monotype Linotype Albertus Nova Black 2017 Monotype Linotype Sachsenwald Light 2017 Monotype Linotype Sachsenwald 2017 Monotype Linotype Wolpe Fanfare Thin 2017 Monotype -
Patrick Reagh Printers Note: the Number Following the Name Indicates the Monotype Series
Monotype typefaces available for fonts and composition at Patrick Reagh Printers note: the number following the name indicates the Monotype series. An e or an a after the number indicates either English- or American-manufactured matrices. R-roman / I-italic / SC-small caps / B-boldface lc-large composition* Antique 26a R 8 10 12 Baskerville 353a R/I/SC 7 8 10 11 12 Bembo 270e R/I/SC 8 10 11 12 13 14 (16 & 18 lc R/I) Narrow Bembo Italic 194e 10 12 13 (16 lc) Bodoni Medium 375a R/I/SC 8 10 12 Bodoni Book 875a R/I/SC 6 8 10 12 Bookman 98a R/I/SC 6 8 10 12 Bulmer 462a R/I/SC 6 8 9 10 12 (18 lc R) Centaur 252a (16 lc roman only) Cochin 61a R/I/SC 6 8 10 12 Deepdene 315a R/I/SC 6 8 10 12 Ehrhardt 453e R/I/SC 10 12 14 Fournier 185e R/I/SC 10 12 13 Franklin Gothic 107a R 6 8 10 12 Futura Light 606a R/I 6 8 10 12 Futura Medium /Extra Bold 605a & 603a R 6 8 10 12 Garamont 248a R/I/SC 8 10 12 Garamond Bold 548a R/I 6 8 10 12 Gill Sans 262e R/I/B 6 7 8 10 12 Goudy Bold 294a R/I 8 10 12 Goudy Modern 249e R/I/SC 8 10 11 12 Goudy Old Style 394a R/I/SC 6 8 10 12 Janson 401a R/I/SC 8 9 10 11 12 (14 & 18 lc R/I) Jenson Old Style 58a R 8 10 12 Sans Serif 329a (Kabel) R/B 8 10 12 Sans Serif Light/Bold 329a & 330a R 8 10 12 Univers Light 45e R/I 6 8 10 12 14 Univers Medium 55e R/I 6 8 10 12 14 Univers Bold 65e R/I 6 8 10 12 14 Univers Extra Bold 75e R/I 6 8 10 12 14 *Large composition can only be composed in roman or italic separately 1 Monotype display typefaces available for fonts at Patrick Reagh Printers note: the letter d following the size on English matrices indicates Didot which is the European standard for type sizing and is generally a point or two larger than the American point system. -
Chapter 13, Using Fonts with X
13 Using Fonts With X Most X clients let you specify the font used to display text in the window, in menus and labels, or in other text fields. For example, you can choose the font used for the text in fvwm menus or in xterm windows. This chapter gives you the information you need to be able to do that. It describes what you need to know to select display fonts for use with X client applications. Some of the topics the chapter covers are: The basic characteristics of a font. The font-naming conventions and the logical font description. The use of wildcards and aliases for simplifying font specification The font search path. The use of a font server for accessing fonts resident on other systems on the network. The utilities available for managing fonts. The use of international fonts and character sets. The use of TrueType fonts. Font technology suffers from a tension between what printers want and what display monitors want. For example, printers have enough intelligence built in these days to know how best to handle outline fonts. Sending a printer a bitmap font bypasses this intelligence and generally produces a lower quality printed page. With a monitor, on the other hand, anything more than bitmapped information is wasted. Also, printers produce more attractive print with variable-width fonts. While this is true for monitors as well, the utility of monospaced fonts usually overrides the aesthetic of variable width for most contexts in which we’re looking at text on a monitor. This chapter is primarily concerned with the use of fonts on the screen. -
Class Characteristics of Foreign Typewriters and Typefaces David A
Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology Volume 59 | Issue 2 Article 15 1968 Class Characteristics of Foreign Typewriters and Typefaces David A. Crown Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/jclc Part of the Criminal Law Commons, Criminology Commons, and the Criminology and Criminal Justice Commons Recommended Citation David A. Crown, Class Characteristics of Foreign Typewriters and Typefaces, 59 J. Crim. L. Criminology & Police Sci. 298 (1968) This Criminology is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology by an authorized editor of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. THE JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL LAW, CRIMINOLOGY AND POLICE SCIENCE Vol. 59, No. 2 Copyright © 1968 by Northwestern University School of Law Printed in U.S.A. CLASS CHARACTERISTICS OF FOREIGN TYPEWRITERS AND TYPEFACES DAVID A. CROWN David A. Crown, M. Crim., is a Questioned Document Analyst, U. S. Postal Inspection Service and is currently assigned to the Washington Identification Laboratory. During the time that this article was in preparation Mr. Crown was Assistant Director of the San Francisco Identification Laboratory. He received his Master's degree in Criminology from the University of California, Berkeley where he has continued his graduatestudies toward his D. Crim. Hehas published severalpapers in this and other technical journals and is a fellow in the American Academy of Forensic Sciences and serves as the Secretary of the Questioned Document Section of that Academy.-Enrron. The ever increasing number of foreign made situation did not always obtain. -
Gourmet Typography Training
presents GOURMET TYPOGRAPHY TRAINING Take control of your type instead of letting it control you! Gourmet Typography Training teaches and demonstrates the expert-level typographic skills and aesthetics that are rarely taught in schools or fully understood by professionals. Fill in the gaps in your typographic know-how and learn how to “see” type like you’ve never seen it before. Why Gourmet Typography Training? Every creative professional, regardless of specialty, can benefit from learning to communicate more effectively with type. Whether you are a beginner or seasoned pro, Gourmet Typography Training will sharpen your eye and give you practical, usable skills that will visibly improve the beauty, clarity and effectiveness of all your typographic projects. Subjects covered include: Who will benefit? What makes a good typeface Visual communicators of all kinds, including: OpenType demystified Graphic designers Type crimes: Are you a type criminal? Art directors Fine-tuning type, including alignment, Creative directors hyphenation, hung punctuation, etc. Creative services directors Tracking, kerning, and word spacing Web designers Tips for more professional typography Package designers Type on the Web, Web fonts Production specialists Type in motion Typographers Keyboard shortcuts and time-saving tips Web programmers and developers Every creative professional regardless of specialty can learn to communicate more effectively with type! For more information, call The Type Studio at 203.227.5929 or email us at [email protected]. www.thetypestudio.com (page 1 of 2) What they are saying about Ilene’s Gourmet Typography Training... “Your course was great! Since taking it, “I recently attended your Gourmet “As a working professional in the advertis- I can’t help but look at every book title, Typography workshop and wanted to ing industry with 10 years of creative magazine headline, and even company thank you again for an amazing day.