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Status of Wine-Grape Vines As on 31 December 2020

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Status of Wine-grape Vines as on 31 December 2020 GLOBAL 7 402 000 hectares (2019) SOUTH AFRICA 92 005 hectares - 62 hectares (2019) MOST UPROOTINGS MOST NEW PLANTINGS Chenin blanc -544 ha Chenin blanc +397 ha Colombar -489 ha Colombar +220 ha Chardonnay -315 ha Sauvignon blanc +213 ha Cabernet Sauvignon -314 ha Pinotage +161 ha Shiraz (Syrah) -254 ha Chardonnay +149 ha AGE MOVEMENT < 4 4 - 10 11 - 15 16 - 20 > 20 TOTAL Years Years Years Years Years 2019 7 979 19 528 18 186 22 989 23 384 92 067 2020 8 156 19 311 15 819 22 673 26 047 92 005 % 9% 21% 17% 25% 28% 53% of the Wine-grape Vines are 16 years and older STATUS OF THE TOP 10 CULTIVARS WINE REGION DISTRIBUTION (2020/2019) Chenin blanc 17 148 ha +0,3% Stellenbosch 15 085 ha +19 ha Colombar 10 507 ha -0.9% Paarl 14 742 ha +135 ha Cabernet Sauvignon 9 920 ha -9.8% Robertson 12 801 ha +70 ha Sauvignon blanc 9 831 ha +1.8% Breedekloof 12 714 ha +121 ha Shiraz (Syrah) 9 151 ha -0.3% Swartland 12 344 ha -88 ha Chardonnay 6 587 ha -1.5% Olifants River 9 403 ha -47 ha Pinotage 6 637 ha -0.4% Worcester 6 651 ha +45 ha Merlot 5 387 ha +3.0% Northern Cape 3 463 ha -238 ha Ruby Cabernet 1 943 ha -3.3% Cape South Coast 2 621 ha -35 ha Cinsaut 1 701 ha +2.5% Little Karoo 2 181 ha -43 ha Bonita Floris-Samuels Celeste Small tel: +27 21 807 5711 tel: +27 21 807 5707 e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] 1 Statistics i.r.o. South African wine grape vineyards over the past 10 years (2010 – 2020) Contents 1 Overview 3 Figure 1: Global area under vines per country 2001 - 2019 3 Figure 2: Global area under vines, production and consumption 2000 - 2020 (est) 4 Figure 3: Global regional production 2019 4 Figure 4: Total surface planted to wine grape vineyards in the industry 5 Figure 5: Total area per wine region 2010 - 2020 5 Figure 6: Distribution of wine grape vineyards as a percentage (%) per wine region 2010 and 2020 7 Figure 7: Percentage (%) white and red wine grape vineyard hectares per wine region 2020 8 Figure 8: Percentage (%) white and red wine grape vineyard hectares Industry 2010 - 2020 8 Figure 9: Surface i.r.o. most planted red cultivars in the industry 2010 - 2020 9 Figure 10: Surface i.r.o. most planted white cultivars in the industry 2010 - 2020 9 Figure 11: Plantings and uprootings i.r.o. red and white wine grape vineyards in the industry 2014 - 9 2020 Figure 12: Age distribution of white and red wine grape vineyards 2014 & 2020 10 Figure 13: Age of vines per red cultivar for 2020 11 Figure 14: Age of vines per white cultivar for 2020 11 Figure 15: Age by vines per Breedekloof, Little Karoo, Worcester and Robertson 12 Figure 16: Age by vines per Swartland, Paarl and Stellenbosch 12 Figure 17: Age by vines per Olifants River and Northern Cape 13 Table 1: Global most planted white and red cultivars 4 Table 2: Plantings of selected wine grape cultivars for 2010 and 2020 6 Table 3: Distribution of wine grape vineyard (red & white) per wine region as a percentage (%) and 7 hectares of the total SA wine grape vineyard surface 2010 - 2020 Table 4: Red and white wine grape vineyard distribution per wine region as a percentage (%) of the 7 surface in each wine region 2010 and 2020 Table 5: Surface i.r.o. most planted cultivars in the industry 2010 and 2020 8 Table 6: Age distribution of vines per wine region per cultivar group for 2020 - % (Excluding Sul- 10 Table 7: Replacement per hectares per wine region at an annual rate of 5% - 2020 (Excluding 13 Sultana) 2 Hectares in wine regions according to Wine of Origin Scheme 13 3 Rootstock 14 4 Net change of hectares per wine region 16 5 Irrigation Systems per wine region 17 2 1 Overview The global area under vines is estimated at 7 402 000 hectares in 2019. Spain with 966 000 hectares leads the pack, followed by France 794 000 hectares and Italy 708 000 hectares. Total South African wine vineyard area for 2020 stand at 92 005 ha, only 62 ha less than 2019. The lowest net change was in 2009 with -52.33 ha and 2006 the last year when net change was positive with 539.77 ha. Cultivars remained relatively constant (Table 2). Chenin blanc and Colombar remain overall the most planted white cultivars, followed by Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz as the most planted red cultivars. For the period 2010 to 2020 the vineyard area as a percentage of the total area increased in Robertson, Breedekloof and Worcester regions, while decreasing in Stellenbosch, Swartland, Northern Cape and Little Karoo regions (Table 3). Over the past 10 years there was no significant change in the hectare percentage white and red wine grapes in the various regions (Figure 8). Northern Cape, Olifants River and Swartland regions constitute the largest net decrease in white wine plantings. The largest net negative change in red wine cultivars occurred in the Swartland and Olifants River regions. About 22% of white cultivars are between 4-10 years, 23% between 11-15 years and 30% more than 20 years old. 36% of red cultivars are between 16-20 years and 27% more than 20 years old. Regarding individual wine grape cultivars, Chenin blanc represented 18.3% of the total wine surface in 2010, Cabernet Sauvignon 12.2%, Colombar 11.9%, Shiraz 10.0%, Sauvignon blanc 9.5%, Chardonnay 8.2%, Merlot 6.4%, Pinotage 6.2%, followed by the cultivars detailed in Table 5. In 2020 Chenin blanc increased to 18.6%, as well as Sauvignon blanc, Pinotage and Pinot Noir. Colombar, Cabernet Sauvignon, Shiraz, Chardonnay, Merlot and Ruby Cabernet decreased over this period. Figure 11 and Table 7 gives an overview of the situation with regard to replacement and age distribution. Notwithstanding this picture and under normal climatic conditions, the industry is able to produce large to record crops through improved and adjusted viticultural practices. Ramsey is the only rootstock showing an upward planting trend in most regions, especially in Breedekloof, Olifants River, Robertson and Worcester regions. The most frequent used trellising systems are Perold (40.8%) and Hedge (40.3%). In 2010 bush vines represented 14.5% of hectares and decreased to 11.2% in 2020. The most frequent used irrigation system is Drip, followed by Flood (Northern Cape and Olifants River regions), Micro and None (Swartland). AREA UNDER VINES (Table & Wine Grapes) PER COUNTRY 2001 – 2019 (‘000 ha) % wine grape hectares of 1400 total hectares 1200 94% 1000 12% 98% 78% 800 600 68% 400 94% 82% N/A 93% 88% N/A 75% 200 0.01% 58% N/A 0 Source: OIV, N/A = not available, % based on 2019 data Figure 1 3 Globally, the most planted white cultivars are Airen (Spain), Chardonnay (France, the USA), Sauvignon blanc (France, New Zealand), Trebbiano Toscana (France, Italy), Riesling (Germany) and Rkatsiteli (Georgia, Ukraine). The most planted red cultivars are Cabernet Sauvignon (France, Chile, the USA), Merlot (France), Tempranillo (Spain), Syrah (France, Australia) and Garnacha Tinta (France, Spain). GLOBAL GLOBAL CULTIVAR CULTIVAR 2000 2010 2016 2000 2010 2016 AIREN 387 978 252 364 203 801 CABERNET SAUVIGNON 221 497 284 754 313 655 CHARDONNAY 145 486 199 632 200 148 MERLOT 212 615 267 215 271 879 SAUVIGNON BLANC (BLANC FUME) 65 152 111 549 126 417 TEMPRANILLO (TINTA RORIZ) 92 985 232 544 219 124 TREBBIANO TOSCANA (UGNI BLANC) 137 283 110 787 125 631 SHIRAZ (SYRAH) 101 516 185 196 185 335 RIESLING (+WEISSER) 43 166 49 997 59 777 GRANACHA TINTA 216 340 181 547 156 793 RKATSITELI 67 354 58 641 55 903 PINOT NOIR (BLAUER BURGUNDER) 68 743 98 744 105 724 VIURA (MACABEO) 48 125 40 864 38 892 SANGIOVESE (NIELLUCIO) 68 877 77 810 73 741 CAYETANA BLANCA 55 776 39 781 36 269 BOBAL 100 128 80 120 59 189 CABERNET FRANC 51 930 61 329 57 383 MUSCAT D'ALEXANDRIE (HANEPOOT) 29 613 26 552 34 987 MALBEC (CôT) 24 402 40 663 52 685 MUSCAT BLANC à PETITS GRAINS 29 820 31 213 34 766 MAZUELA (CARIGNAN NOIR, CARINENA) 127 660 75 715 52 630 CHENIN BLANC 45 907 35 315 32 692 MOUVEDRE (MATARO, MONASTRELL) 76 304 69 748 52 554 COLOMBAR 38 632 32 944 31 260 ALICANTE HENRI BOUSCHET 37 043 38 371 36 192 CATARRATTO BIANCO 50 711 34 863 28 601 ZINFANDEL (PRIMITIVO, TRIBIDRAG) 26 915 32 755 33 511 ALIGOTE 35 668 36 120 27 000 MONTEPULCIANO 28 679 34 947 32 914 GRASEVINA 92 306 61 200 24 368 GAMAY NOIR 37 796 31 927 28 560 PALOMINO FINO 30 297 22 645 23 148 CINSAUT 48 422 34 746 26 167 SEMILLON 26 234 22 057 19 183 CARMENERE 5 711 11 389 21 823 GRUNER VELTLINER 23 604 18 849 19 063 DOUCE NOIRE 17 653 18 982 19 103 TREBBIANO ROMAGNOLO 19 492 15 893 19 022 BARBERA 33 048 24 178 17 820 MULLER THURGAU 33 587 22 934 18 752 ISABELLA 27 376 32 494 17 813 VERDELJO (VERDELHO) 4 453 16 578 17 931 BLAUFRANKISCH 13 997 17 888 17 149 PEDRO GIMINEZ 15 101 12 250 15 576 CRIOLLA GRANDE 24 641 17 080 15 596 PINOT BLANC 16 991 14 792 13 783 NERO D'AVOLA 11 318 16 646 14 237 VIOGNIER 3 160 11 847 13 510 Source: Cultivar Compendium 2019 Table 1: Global most planted white and red cultivars GLOBAL AREA UNDER VINES (‘000 ha), PRODUCTION (mhl) & CONSUMPTION (mhl) 8 000 350 7 900 300 7 800 250 7 700 7 600 200 7 500 150 7 400 100 7 300 50 7 200 7 100 0 AREA UNDER VINES PRODUCTION (rha) CONSUMPTION (rha) Source: OIV (rha) – right hand axis Figure 2 GLOBAL WINE PRODUCTION Rest of World South Africa 4% 5% China 4% Characteristics of the global situation is about 400 000 hectares less under vines Australasia 7% since 2000, fluctuating production between 279 to 263 mhl and slight increase in con- Argentina / Chile / Brazil Europe 61% sumption from 2000 onwards reaching an 10% estimated 258 mhl in 2020.
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