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Robert B. Hall and to Mas Feininger U. S. Geological Survey And
MINERAL RESOURCES OF PARTS OF THE DEPARTMENTS OF ANTIOQUIA AND CALDAS, ZONE II, COLOMBIA by Robert B. Hall and To mas Feininger U. S. Geological Survey and Dario Barrero L«» Hector Rico H«» and Jairo Alvarez A. Institute Nacional de Investigaciones Geologico-ttineras ill. S. Geological Survey 1 I OF£2fFii£K£?CRr "^^ Zbis report is preliminary andhaJl jBot been edited or reviewed for jftoof oraity vith Geolcsical jptaxidards or nomencl CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT............................................ I INTRODUCTION 2 Inventario Minero Nacional..................... 2 Area of this repor,t;........................... 3 Locations*..................................... 5 Exploration by IMN............................. 6 Zone II resources.............................. 8 GENERAL GEOLOGY 9 Precambrian rocks.............................. 9 Paleozoic rocks......... ...................... 9 Mesozoic rocks 10 Pre-Cretaceous.......................... 10 Cretaceous* .............................. 11 Tertiary....................................... 13 Quaternary*.................................... 14 Structural geology............................. 15 METALLIC RESOURCES................ .................. 17 Gold and silver................................. 17 Historical background*...................'.. '17 Relation of silver to gold................. 22 Lode mines................................. , 23 Frontino Gold Mines Ltd............... 24 Minas Nacionales de Mannato........... 27 La Bramadora mine..................... 34 Berlin mine*......................... -
Reasons Why the Is on the International Lists of Terrorist Groups FARC
reasons why the FARC is on the 607 international lists of terrorist groups This document contains references to some of FARC's terrorist actions against civilians or civilian infrastructure since 2002. This is only a sample, since many terrorist acts are not reported in the news or the perpetrator is unknown at the time of coverage. All of them are either infractions of International Humanitarian Law (IHL), open violations of Human Rights, or crimes against the environment. In memory of those who have lost their freedom and/or their lives at the hands of terrorists. when where what against method source Jan 31 | Concepción, Santander 1. FARC terrorists kidnapped two engineers, Ruben Carvajal Civilian Kidnapping Vanguardia and Miguel Quimbayo. Liberal Jan 29 | Montelíbano, Córdoba 2. Civilian Execution El Universal Acts perpetrated in 2008 FARC terrorists murdered Sergio Luis Martelo. (January) Reason no. 3: Jan 18 | La Sierra, Cauca FARC terrorists are suspected of killing political leader Arnulfo El País Barco, member of the political party Convergencia Ciudadana. Jan 18 | Urrao, Antioquia Civilian Kidnapping 4. FARC terrorists are suspected of kidnapping judge Gustavo El País Martinez and Oscar Vélez. Reason no. 5: Jan 14 | Nuquí, Chocó FARC terrorists kidnapped six tourists. Dec 23 | Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca 6. FARC terrorists are suspected of blowing up an electric Powerline Bombing pylon. Dec 6 | Riosucio, Chocó 7. FARC terrorist murdered five sawers and kidnapped 20 Civilian Execution El País Acts perpetrated in 2007 others. Dec 4 | San Carlos, Antioquia FARC terrorists are suspected of killing two people, Bus Car-jacking 8. including a minor, after opening fire against a public transportation bus. -
Mici) of the Inter-American Development Bank (Idb)
COMPLAINT BEFORE THE INDEPENDENT CONSULTATION AND INVESTIGATION MECHANISM (MICI) OF THE INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (IDB) Ituango Hydropower Plant (IHP), Antioquia, Colombia To: Victoria Márquez Mees Director, Independent Consultation and Investigation Mechanism Inter-American Development Bank 1300 New York Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20577 Email: [email protected] Tel.: 202-623-3952; Fax: 202-312-40 Re: Project 11794-04: EPM - IIC Ituango Hydropower Plant in Colombia http://www.iic.org/en/projects/colombia/11794-04/epm-ituango-hydropower-plant Filed by: Individuals, communities, and civil society organizations located in the municipalities of Ituango, Toledo, San Andrés de Cuerquia, Briceño, Valdivia, Sabanalarga, Peque, Caucasia, and Medellín, Antioquia, under the umbrella group Movimiento Ríos Vivos Antioquia. The following international organizations are providing support in this case: the Interamerican Association for Environmental Defense (AIDA), the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL), and the International Accountability Project (IAP). Points of contact: ▪ Isabel Cristina Zuleta López ▪ Pedro Vicente With support from: Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL)1 Interamerican Association for Environmental Defense (AIDA)2 International Accountability Project (IAP)3 1 Point of contact: Carla García Zendejas 2 Point of contact 3 Point of contact: Alexandre Sampaio. 1 Antioquia, Colombia, June 5, 2018 Victoria Márquez Mees Director, Independent Consultation and Investigation Mechanism Inter-American Development Bank 1300 New York Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20577 Dear Ms. Márquez, We are writing to you as Colombian citizens and members of Movimiento Ríos Vivos Antioquía (MRV) on behalf of the communities that reside in the municipalities of Briceño, Ituango, Toledo, San Andrés de Cuerquia, Valdivia, Sabanalarga, Peque and Caucasia, Antioquia. -
The Search for Regional Competitiveness in Colombia CD-ROM (Case Studies)
ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING AND VALUE CHAINS The search for regional competitiveness in Colombia CD-ROM (Case Studies) Alexander Blandón López This dissertation is part of the Research Programme of Ceres, Research School for Resource Studies for Development. Funded by the Netherlands Fellowship Programme (NFP). © Alexander Blandón López 2012 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the author. ISBN 978-94-91478-01-7 ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING AND VALUE CHAINS The Search for Regional Competitiveness in Colombia ECONOMISCHE HERSTRUCTURERING EN WAARDEKETENS Op zoek naar regionaal concurrentievermogen in Colombia Thesis to obtain the degree of Doctor from the Erasmus University Rotterdam by command of the rector magnificus Professor dr H.G. Schmidt and in accordance with the decision of the Doctorate Board The public defence shall be held on 11 April 2012 at 16.00 hrs by Alexander Blandón López born in Ibague, Colombia Doctoral Committee Promotor Prof.dr. A.H.J. Helmsing Other members Prof.dr. E.B. Zoomers, Utrecht University Prof.dr. R. Ruben, Radboud University Nijmegen Prof.dr. P. Knorringa Co-promotor Dr. A.C.M. van Westen, Utrecht University In loving memory of the late Gilberto Blandon D., my father, To John Alexander Blandon Castaño, my beloved son who encouraged me all the way to the end, And to God who gave me the strength to finish my dissertation. -
Snakes of the Genus Oxyrhopus (Colubridae: Squamata) in Colombia: Taxonomy and Geographic Variation
Volume 49(25):319‑337, 2009 Snakes of the genus OXYRHOPUS (Colubridae: Squamata) in Colombia: taxonomy and geographic variation John D. Lynch1 ABSTRacT Four species of Oxyrhopus occur in Colombia, one (O. leucomelas) of which is Andean and the other three occur in lowlands. No geographic variation was detected in O. occipitalis but there is marked geographic variation in color pattern and scutellation for the widely distributed O. petola. Recognition of subspecies within O. petola is possible but appears to obscure more than it illuminates. The snake previously reported as O. melanogenys or O. aff. melanogenys is diagnosed as a previously unrecognized species. Keywords: Geographic variation; New species; Oxyrhopus. INTRODUCTION for Colombian specimens of Oxyrhopus leucomelas (Campbell & Lamar, 1989, 2004) and O. petola The current taxonomy of snakes of the genus (Renjifo & Lundberg, 1999). Oxyrhopus was established largely by Bailey’s ac- Published specimen-based studies for adjacent counts and keys to Oxyrhopus published in Peters & countries (Dixon & Soini, 1977, 1986; Duellman, Orejas’ (1970) catalogue. Either explicitly or implic- 1978, 2005; Savage, 2002; and Zaher & Caramas- itly, Bailey reported O. formosus, O. leucomelas, and chi, 1992) suggest that a critical review of specimens O. petola (all three subspecies) for Colombia. There of Colombian Oxyrhopus is needed. There was once have been no subsequent studies published of speci- (Niceforo María, 1942) active study of snakes pre- mens of Colombian Oxyrhopus although two reports served in Colombian collections but such activity of museum listings (without critical study of the largely ceased around 1970 although the collections specimens themselves) have appeared (Perez Santos themselves grew in volume. -
OEA/Ser.G CP/Doc.5194/16 27 May 2016 Original: Spanish TWENTY
PERMANENT COUNCIL OEA/Ser.G CP/doc.5194/16 27 May 2016 Original: Spanish TWENTY-FIRST HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE SECRETARY GENERAL TO THE PERMANENT COUNCIL ON THE MISSION TO SUPPORT THE PEACE PROCESS IN COLOMBIA (MAPP/OAS) TWENTY-FIRST HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE SECRETARY GENERAL TO THE PERMANENT COUNCIL ON THE MISSION TO SUPPORT THE PEACE PROCESS IN COLOMBIA (MAPP/OAS) The following half-yearly report is presented pursuant to Resolution CP/RES. 859 (1397/04), in which the Organization of American States (OAS) asks the Secretary General to report periodically to the Permanent Council on the work of the Mission to Support the Peace Process in Colombia, hereinafter MAPP/OAS, and on its efforts to contribute to the fulfillment of the values and principles set forth in the OAS Charter and the Inter-American Democratic Charter. The MAPP/OAS mandate issues out of the agreement entered into by the Government of Colombia and the General Secretariat of the Organization of American States, hereinafter GS/OAS, on January 23, 2004, as well as out of Permanent Council Resolution CP/RES.859 (1397/04) adopted on February 6, 2004. The mandate was expanded and its term extended with the signing of additional protocols to the agreement between the Government of Colombia and the GS/OAS on January 15, 2007; January 19, 2010; December 23, 2010; July 21, 2011; October 3, 2013; and December 15, 2014; the latter for an additional three-year period (2015-2018). The MAPP/OAS has monitored and supported peace-building efforts in territories affected by the internal armed conflict in Colombia, interacting with all of the stakeholders involved in this process. -
USAID Justice for a Sustainable Peace Activity Quarterly Report January
USAID Justice for a Sustainable Peace Activity Quarterly Report January - March 2020 Submitted to: Nathan Strand, Contracting Officer; and Amalia Eraso, Task Order Contracting Officer Representative U.S. Agency for International Development Carrera 45 No 24 – 27 Post 2, Bogotá Submitted by: Chemonics International Inc. April 2020 This document was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). It was prepared by Chemonics International Inc. for the Justice for a Sustainable Peace Activity; contract number AID- OAA-I-13-00032, Task Order No. AID-514-TO-17-00009. QUARTERLY REPORT – COLOMBIA JSP ACTIVITY | 1 USAID Justice for a Sustainable Peace Activity QUARTERLY REPORT January 2020 – March 2020 AWARD No.: AID- OAA-I-13-00032, Task Order No. AID-514-TO-17-00009 DISCLAIMER The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. QUARTERLY REPORT – COLOMBIA JSP ACTIVITY | 2 CONTENT ACRONYMS .......................................................................................................................... 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................... 6 1. NATIONAL CONTEXT .................................................................................................. 8 1.1 Political and Policy Context .................................................................................. 8 2. PROGRAM ACTIVITIES -
Localized Armed Conflicts Report on Illegal Armed Groups in Colombia 2017-2018
LOCALIZED ARMED CONFLICTS REPORT ON ILLEGAL ARMED GROUPS IN COLOMBIA 2017-2018 ~BANDERA ~ Camilo González Posso Director Carlos Eduardo Espitia Cueca Research Coordinator and Principal Author Juana Valentina Cabezas Palacios Jessica Daniela Rondón Molina Alejandro Arias Bernal Juan Carlos Jiménez Suárez Camilo González Posso Researchers and Co-authors Camilo González Posso Juan Carlos Jiménez Suárez Leonardo González Perafán Copy Editors Alejandro Arias Bernal Jessica Daniela Rondón Molina Juana Valentina Cabezas Palacios Design Layout Natalie Larson Jaramillo English Translation 1 ACRONYM REFERENCE KEY AGC: Autodefensas Gaitanistas de Colombia (Gaitan’s Self-Defense Force of Colombia) AUC: Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia (United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia) AUPAC: Autodefensas Unidas del Pacífico (United Self-Defense Forces of the Pacific) ELN: Ejército de Liberación Nacional (National Liberation Army) EPL: Ejército Popular de Liberación (People’s Liberation Army) ERPAC: Ejército Popular Antisubversivo de Colombia (Popular Antisubversive Army of Colombia) ETCR: Espacio Territorial de Capacitación y Reincorporación (Territorial Space for Training and Reincorporation) FARC-EP: Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia - Ejército del Pueblo (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - People’s Army) FOS: Frente Oliver Sinisterra (Oliver Sinisterra Front) FUP: Fuerzas Unidas del Pacífico (United Forces of the Pacific) GAD: Grupos Armados Delincuenciales (Delinquent Armed Groups) GAO: Grupos Armados Organizados (Organized Armed Groups) -
Redalyc.Resúmenes De Presentaciones Orales
Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía - Medellín ISSN: 0304-2847 [email protected] Universidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia Resúmenes de Presentaciones Orales Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía - Medellín, vol. 62, núm. 1, 2009, pp. 25-91 Universidad Nacional de Colombia Medellín, Colombia Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=179959366002 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Primer Simposio en Producción Animal - ResÚmenes de Presentaciones Orales NUTRICIÓN con la FDAiiv fue de 65,1 ± 7,77% (P>O,052). El óxido de cromo sobreestimó las heces producidas 1. ESTIMACIÓN DEL CONSUMO DE MATERIA en 26,8% comparado con la cantidad de heces SECA EN VACAS HOLSTEIN BAlO recolectadas con los arneses (P<O,OOOl), indicando 1 una recuperación incompleta de marcador, la cual PASTORE0 , Héctor Jairo Correa Cardon;i,s; Martha Lucia Pabón RestreptT's; Juan E. fue estimada en 79,4 ± 8,9%. El CMS promedio Carulla Fornaguera"'S estimada con los marcadores fue 18,3 ± 4,12 kg.vaca-1.día-1 la cual se encuentra dentro de los 1 Trabajo financiado por COLClENCIAS (Proyecto 1101-405-20172 valores reportados previamente en Antioquia y la de 2007) Sabana de Bogotá. 2 Profesor Asociado. Departamento de Producción Animal. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medel/ín. E-mail: [email protected] Palabras claves: Arneses, método de 3 Profesora Titular. -
USAID Justice for a Sustainable Peace Activity Quarterly Report
USAID Justice for a Sustainable Peace Activity Quarterly Report Submitted to: Nathan Strand, Contracting Officer; and Amalia Eraso, Task Order Contracting Officer Representative U.S. Agency for International Development Carrera 45 No 24 – 27 Post 2, Bogotá Submitted by: Chemonics International Inc. May 2021 This document was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). It was prepared by Chemonics International Inc. for the Justice for a Sustainable Peace Activity; contract number AID- OAA-I-13-00032, Task Order No. AID- 514-TO-17-00009. 1 USAID Justice for a Sustainable Peace Activity QUARTERLY REPORT January – March 2021 AWARD No.: AID- OAA-I-13-00032, Task Order No. AID-514-TO-17-00009 DISCLAIMER The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. 2 CONTENT ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................. 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................... 6 1. NATIONAL CONTEXT ....................................................................................... 8 1.1 Political and Policy Context ................................................................................................. 8 2. PROGRAM ACTIVITIES .................................................................................... 10 2.1. Technical Activities and Results -
Reasons Why the Is on the International Lists of Terrorist Groups FARC
reasons why the FARC is on the 557 international lists of terrorist groups This document contains references to some of FARC's terrorist actions against civilians or civilian infrastructure since 2002. This is only a sample, since many terrorist acts are not reported in the news or the perpetrator is unknown at the time of coverage. All of them are either infractions of International Humanitarian Law (IHL), open violations of Human Rights, or crimes against the environment. In memory of those who have lost their freedom and/or their lives at the hands of terrorists. Acts perpetrated in 2007 211 257 303 349 395 441 487 538 212 258 304 350 396 442 488 539 when where what against method source Apr 9 | Cali, Valle del Cauca 1. One person died and 34 others were injured when a bomb Civilian Car Bomb 213 259 305 351 397 443 489 540 was detonated in front of the police headquarters in Cali. Apr 9 | Mutatá, Antioquia 214 260 306 352 398 444 490 541 At least 5 people, including 2 women, were kidnapped by 2. suspected members of the FARC guerrilla group who had set Civilian Kidnapping up a fake checkpoint on a highway in Colombia's 215 261 307 353 399 445 491 542 northwestern Antioquia province. Mar 27|Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca 3. At least 10 people were wounded by a bomb hurled at a Civilian Bombing 216 262 308 354 400 446 492 543 shop in the southwestern Colombian city of Buenaventura. Mar 16|Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca At least 4 people have been killed by a bomb in the port of 217 263 309 355 401 447 493 544 4. -
War Without Quarter
WAR WITHOUT QUARTER Colombia and International Humanitarian Law Human Rights Watch New York · Washington · London · Brussels Copyright © October 1998 by Human Rights Watch. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. ISBN: 1-56432-187-8 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 98-88045 Cover photograph: A woman mourns family members killed in a paramilitary massacre in Barrancabermeja, Santander in 1998. © Agencia Toma Addresses for Human Rights Watch 350 Fifth Avenue, 34th Floor, New York, NY 10118-3299 Tel: (212) 290-4700, Fax: (212) 736-1300, E-mail: [email protected] 1522 K Street, N.W., #910, Washington, DC 20005-1202 Tel: (202) 371-6592, Fax: (202) 371-0124, E-mail: [email protected] 33 Islington High Street, N1 9LH London, UK Tel: (171) 713-1995, Fax: (171) 713-1800, E-mail: [email protected] 15 Rue Van Campenhout, 1000 Brussels, Belgium Tel: (2) 732-2009, Fax: (2) 732-0471, E-mail:[email protected] Web Site Address: http://www.hrw.org Listserv address: To subscribe to the list, send an e-mail message to [email protected] with “subscribe hrw-news” in the body of the message (leave the subject line blank). Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world. We stand with victims and activists to prevent discrimination, to uphold political freedom, to protect people from inhumane conduct in wartime, and to bring offenders to justice. We investigate and expose human rights violations and hold abusers accountable. We challenge governments and those who hold power to end abusive practices and respect international human rights law.