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Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 64, Number 4 Florida Historical Quarterly Volume 64 Number 4 Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume Article 1 64, Number 64 1985 Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 64, Number 4 Florida Historical Society [email protected] Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Florida Historical Quarterly by an authorized editor of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Society, Florida Historical (1985) "Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 64, Number 4," Florida Historical Quarterly: Vol. 64 : No. 4 , Article 1. Available at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol64/iss4/1 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 64, Number 4 Published by STARS, 1985 1 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 64 [1985], No. 4, Art. 1 COVER Phosphate, after it was discovered in 1889, became a major Florida industry. The hard-rock phosphate region was centered around the Ocala-Dunnellon area. Land-pebble deposits were to the south in Polk, Hillsborough, Manatee, and Hardee counties. This photograph, circa 1890, is enlarged from a post card manufactured by the Valentine & Sons’ Publishing Company, Ltd., New York. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol64/iss4/1 2 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 64, Number 4 The Volume LXIV, Number 4 April 1986 THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY COPYRIGHT 1986 by the Florida Historical Society, Tampa, Florida. Second class postage paid at Tampa and DeLeon Springs, Florida. Printed by E. O. Painter Printing Co., DeLeon Springs, Florida. (ISSN 0015-4113) Published by STARS, 1985 3 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 64 [1985], No. 4, Art. 1 THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL QUARTERLY Samuel Proctor, Editor Gordon J. Tapper, Editorial Assistant EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD David R. Colburn University of Florida Herbert J. Doherty, Jr. University of Florida Michael V. Gannon University of Florida John K. Mahon University of Florida (Emeritus) Jerrell H. Shofner University of Central Florida Charlton W. Tebeau University of Miami (Emeritus) J. Leitch Wright, Jr. Florida State University Correspondence concerning contributions, books for review, and all editorial matters should be addressed to the Editor, Flor- ida Historical Quarterly, Box 14045, University Station, Gaines- ville, Florida 32604-2045. The Quarterly is interested in articles and documents pertaining to the history of Florida. Sources, style, footnote form, original- ity of material and interpretation, clarity of thought, and in- terest of readers are considered. All copy, including footnotes, should be double-spaced. Footnotes are to be numbered con- secutively in the text and assembled at the end of the article. Particular attention should be given to following the footnote style of the Quarterly. The author should submit an original and retain a carbon for security. The Florida Historical Society and the Editor of the Florida Historical Quarterly accept no responsi- bility for statements made or opinions held by authors. The Quarterly reviews books dealing with all aspects of Florida his- tory. Books to be reviewed should be sent to the Editor together with price and information on how they can be ordered. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol64/iss4/1 4 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 64, Number 4 Table of Contents DEMOGRAPHIC PATTERNS AND CHANGES IN MID-SEVENTEENTH CENTURY TIMUCUA AND APALACHEE John H. Hann 371 “THE NEST OF VILE FANATICS”: WILLIAM N. SHEATS AND THE ORANGE PARK SCHOOL. Joe M. Richardson 393 NOTES AND DOCUMENTS: STEAMBOAT ACTIVITY IN FLORIDA DURING THE SECOND SEMINOLE INDIAN WAR Edward A. Mueller 407 “FLORIDA IS A BLESSED COUNTRY”: LETTERS TO IOWA FROM A FLORIDA SETTLER Pat Sonquist Lane 432 FLORIDA MANUSCRIPT ACQUISITIONS AND ACCESSIONS . 446 BOOK REVIEWS .................................................................. 451 BOOK NOTES ..................................................................... 478 HISTORY NEWS ..................................... ............................ 483 DIRECTORS’ MEETING ....................................................... 490 INDEX TO VOLUME LXIV ................................................. 499 Published by STARS, 1985 5 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 64 [1985], No. 4, Art. 1 BOOK REVIEWS BLACK EAGLE: GENERAL DANIEL “CHAPPIE" JAMES, JR., by James R. McGovern reviewed by Jim Haskins THIS DESTRUCTIVE WAR: THE BRITISH CAMPAIGN IN THE CAROLINAS, 1780-1782, by John S. Pancake reviewed by Hugh F. Rankin THE SLAVE'S NARRATIVE, edited by Charles T. Davis and Henry Louis Gates, Jr. reviewed by Larry E. Rivers WHITE SOCIETY IN THE ANTEBELLUM SOUTH, by Bruce Collins reviewed by John Hebron Moore NORTH CAROLINA PLANTERS AND THEIR CHILDREN, 1800-1860, by Jane Turner Censer reviewed by Cheryll Ann Cody BLACK MASTERS: A FREE FAMILY OF COLOR IN THE OLD SOUTH, by Michael P. Johnson and James L. Roark reviewed by Paul A. Cimbala ATLAS OF ANTEBELLUM SOUTHERN AGRICULTURE, by Sam Bowers Hilliard reviewed by John S. Otto THE CONFEDERATE GOVERNORS, edited by W. Buck Yearns reviewed by Thomas B. Alexander and Robert E. Hunt IRON AFLOAT: THE STORY OF THE CONFEDERATE ARMORCLADS, by William N. Still, Jr. reviewed by George E. Buker BREAKING THE LAND: THE TRANSFORMATION OF COTTON, TOBACCO, AND RICE CULTURES SINCE 1880, by Pete Daniel reviewed by Robert Snyder U. B. PHILLIPS: A SOUTHERN MIND, by John Herbert Roper reviewed by William A. Link LABOR OF LOVE, LABOR OF SORROW: BLACK WOMEN, WORK, AND THE FAM- ILY FROM SLAVERY TO THE PRESENT, by Jacqueline Jones reviewed by Nancy A. Hewitt THE TRANSPLANTED: A HISTORY OF IMMIGRANTS IN URBAN AMERICA, by John Bodnar reviewed by George E. Pozzetta THE NEW CITY: URBAN AMERICA IN THE INDUSTRIAL AGE, 1860-1920, by Raymond A. Mohl reviewed by Gary Mormino SACRED GROVES AND RAVAGED GARDENS: THE FICTION OF EUDORA WELTY, CARSON MCCULLERS, AND FLANNERY O'CONNOR, by Louise Westling reviewed by Stephen J. Whitfield MUSEUM PUBLIC RELATIONS, by G. Donald Adams reviewed by Daniel T. Hobby THE CARE OF ANTIQUES AND HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS, edited by A. Bruce MacLeish reviewed by Patricia R. Wickman https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol64/iss4/1 6 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 64, Number 4 DEMOGRAPHIC PATTERNS AND CHANGES IN MID-SEVENTEENTH CENTURY TIMUCUA AND APALACHEE by JOHN H. HANN URPRISINGLY little is known about the village patterns of S northern Florida’s natives prior to their missionization or about the settlement policy followed by the friars during the formation of the Florida mission chains. This is particularly true for the inland missions of Potano, Utina, Ustaca, and Apalachee. There is no evidence that the Florida Franciscans followed the “reduction”1 approach of their Jesuit contemporaries in the South American mission provinces of Guaira, Itatin, Tape and Paraguay, whose people had a material culture roughly similar to that of North Florida’s missionized tribes.2 Thus, it is gener- ally assumed that the friars adapted their mission organization in Florida to the aboriginal settlement pattern, setting up their mission centers in a principal village of the district. From there the friars went out to catechise the natives in nearby subordinate villages, which became known as visitas, rather than insisting that those natives move to the mission center, which was called a doctrina.3 Only after the establishment of these missions, when most of the natives of the mission zone had already been Chris- tianized, are there indications that some of the Indians did change their domicile at the instigation of the Spaniards. But in those cases the moves were inspired by secular rather than reli- John H. Hann is historic site specialist at the San Luis Archaeological and Historic Site, Division of Archives, History and Records Management, De- partment of State, Tallahassee. He was formerly professor of Latin Amer- ican history at Florida State University. 1. The “reduction” system was the concentration of scattered, often season- ally, nomadic native populations at mission centers located usually at sites chosen by the priests, at which the natives were expected to live year-round. 2. These missions spread over much of the Parana-Paraguay Basin of what is today southern and southwestern Brazil, Paraguay, and northeastern Argentina. 3. Visitas, however, were not always subordinate villages. And once the people of a visita had been Christianized, they were expected to come to the doc- trina for Sunday mass when those visitas were reasonably close to the center. [371] Published by STARS, 1985 7 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 64 [1985], No. 4, Art. 1 372 F LORIDA H ISTORICAL Q UARTERLY gious authorities. One parallel, however, to the Jesuit’s policy in the South American interior was the Franciscans’ attempt at mid-century to isolate their charges in Apalachee from contact with any Spaniards other than themselves by excluding soldiers and settlers from that province. In contrast to the prevailing paucity of information on settle- ment patterns, the record of Governor Diego de Rebolledo’s 1657 visitation of Apalachee and Timucua provides information on this topic. Although that visitation record has been mined extensively during the last two decades for two dissertations and for a number of journal articles, a valuable aspect of that docu- ment’s contents has not yet received much attention.4 This is its depiction of the settlement pattern in the
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