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Sounds of War and Peace: Soundscapes of European Cities in 1945

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Sounds of War and Peace: Soundscapes of European Cities in 1945 10 This book vividly evokes for the reader the sound world of a number of Eu- Renata Tańczuk / Sławomir Wieczorek (eds.) ropean cities in the last year of the Second World War. It allows the reader to “hear” elements of the soundscapes of Amsterdam, Dortmund, Lwów/Lviv, Warsaw and Breslau/Wrocław that are bound up with the traumatising experi- ences of violence, threats and death. Exploiting to the full methodologies and research tools developed in the fields of sound and soundscape studies, the Sounds of War and Peace authors analyse their reflections on autobiographical texts and art. The studies demonstrate the role urban sounds played in the inhabitants’ forging a sense of 1945 Soundscapes of European Cities in 1945 identity as they adapted to new living conditions. The chapters also shed light on the ideological forces at work in the creation of urban sound space. Sounds of War and Peace. War Sounds of Soundscapes of European Cities in Volume 10 Eastern European Studies in Musicology Edited by Maciej Gołąb Renata Tańczuk is a professor of Cultural Studies at the University of Wrocław, Poland. Sławomir Wieczorek is a faculty member of the Institute of Musicology at the University of Wrocław, Poland. Renata Tańczuk / Sławomir Wieczorek (eds.) · Wieczorek / Sławomir Tańczuk Renata ISBN 978-3-631-75336-1 EESM 10_275336_Wieczorek_SG_A5HC globalL.indd 1 16.04.18 14:11 10 This book vividly evokes for the reader the sound world of a number of Eu- Renata Tańczuk / Sławomir Wieczorek (eds.) ropean cities in the last year of the Second World War. It allows the reader to “hear” elements of the soundscapes of Amsterdam, Dortmund, Lwów/Lviv, Warsaw and Breslau/Wrocław that are bound up with the traumatising experi- ences of violence, threats and death. Exploiting to the full methodologies and research tools developed in the fields of sound and soundscape studies, the Sounds of War and Peace authors analyse their reflections on autobiographical texts and art. The studies demonstrate the role urban sounds played in the inhabitants’ forging a sense of 1945 Soundscapes of European Cities in 1945 identity as they adapted to new living conditions. The chapters also shed light on the ideological forces at work in the creation of urban sound space. Sounds of War and Peace. War Sounds of Soundscapes of European Cities in Volume 10 Eastern European Studies in Musicology Edited by Maciej Gołąb Renata Tańczuk is a professor of Cultural Studies at the University of Wrocław, Poland. Sławomir Wieczorek is a faculty member of the Institute of Musicology at the University of Wrocław, Poland. Renata Tańczuk / Sławomir Wieczorek (eds.) · Wieczorek / Sławomir Tańczuk Renata EESM 10_275336_Wieczorek_SG_A5HC globalL.indd 1 16.04.18 14:11 Sounds of War and Peace Eastern European Studies in Musicology Edited by Maciej Gołąb Editorial board Mikuláš Bek (Brno) Gražina Daunoravičienė (Vilnius) Luba Kyjanovska (Lviv) Mikhail Saponov (Moscow) Adrian Thomas (Cardiff) László Vikárius (Budapest) Volume 10 Renata Tańczuk / Sławomir Wieczorek (eds.) Sounds of War and Peace Soundscapes of European Cities in 1945 Bibliographic Information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. This publication was financially supported by the Faculty of Historical and Pedagogical Sciences at the University of Wrocław, Poland. Printed by CPI books GmbH, Leck ISSN 2193-8342 ISBN 978-3-631-75336-1 (Print) E-ISBN 978-3-631-75346-0 (E-PDF) E-ISBN 978-3-631-75347-7 (EPUB) E-ISBN 978-3-631-75348-4 (MOBI) DOI 10.3726/b13870 Open Access: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 unported license. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ © Renata Tanczuk / Sławomir Wieczorek (eds.), 2018 Peter Lang – Berlin · Bern · Bruxelles · New York · Oxford · Warszawa · Wien This publication has been peer reviewed. www.peterlang.com Contents Introduction.................................................................................................................... 7 Annelies Jacobs Barking and blaring: City sounds in wartime ......................................................... 11 Uta C. Schmidt Roaring war and silent peace? Initial reections on the soundscape in the Ruhr between area bombing and reconstruction........................................ 31 Katarzyna Naliwajek-Mazurek e sounds of Warsaw in 1945: Witness accounts ................................................. 55 Jadwiga Zimpel In search of lost sounds: Miron Białoszewski’s “Stare życie” and post-war silence............................................................................................................ 81 Kamila Staśko-Mazur e voice of Polish Radio in the soundscape of Warsaw in 1945 ........................ 93 Zoriana Rybchynska e voices of a liberated/occupied city: e Lviv soundscape of 1944–1946 in Ryszard Gansiniec’s journal ........................................................... 131 Karolina Jara e soundscape of public space in Breslau during the period of National Socialism .............................................................................................. 143 Andrzej Dębski From “love in the bright moonlight” to “the corner of dreams”: A snapshot of the soundscape of Wrocław in 1945 ............................................ 163 Renata Tańczuk e 1945 soundscape of Wrocław in the accounts of its post-war inhabitants ................................................................................................................ 181 6 Contents Sławomir Wieczorek Calls for help and the sounds of pot-banging in the soundscape of ruined Wrocław in 1945 ..................................................................................... 203 Dorota Błaszczak Waves of Remembrance: Wrocław in Radio Sounds. Broadcasting from the past ............................................................................................................ 221 Daniel Brożek e soundtrack for the art installation ‘Glitter’: An attempt to reconstruct the soundscape of a post-war cinema in Wrocław within the context of experimental electronic music ......................................... 239 Dorian Lange e muteness of war-time trauma: A nonverbal perspective on the relationship between trauma and soundscape ........................................ 245 Authors ..................................................................................................................... 265 Introduction World War II radically altered the image of many European cities. Some, like Warsaw and Dresden, were almost completely destroyed, and became symbols both of war- time barbarism and of the recuperative power of their respective nations. Others, like Wrocław (previously Breslau) and Lviv (previously Lwów-Lvov), were assigned by the signatories of international treaties to a dierent state, and consequently gained new populations. For many inhabitants of European cities, 1945 was a year of hope and of a return to normality; for others, however, it was the year when they were forced to leave the place they called home. ese dramatic changes marked people’s lives. ey also aected the sensual experience of city life, as soundscapes underwent radical transformations. We asked researchers representing various disciplines and academic centres about the specic qualities of European city soundscapes in that watershed year when war came to an end, the reception of those soundscapes and their represen- tation in autobiographical texts and in art. is topic is important to us for both scientic and personal reasons. We live in Wrocław – a city which until May 1945 was the German Breslau. Toward the end of World War II, this city was converted into a fortress, the defence of which cost the lives of many thousands of its inhabit- ants and led to destruction on an enormous scale. e Germans – who had lived in Breslau for many generations – were displaced and exiled. eir place was taken by our grandparents and relatives, among others, whose task it became to rebuild and to grow accustomed to this unfamiliar, “alien” city. Wrocław’s unique history of transformation has inspired us – as researchers specialising in contemporary and historical soundscapes, in cultural phenomena and sound studies1– to address the issues mentioned above. 1 We are the sta of the Soundscape Research Studio founded by Robert Losiak at the Institute of Cultural Studies of the University of Wrocław in 2009. e Studio conducts research in the areas of soundscape studies and sound studies, as well as engages in education. e Studio’s most important project thus far has been a multi- faceted study of the soundscapes of contemporary Wrocław, the results of which have been described in a monographic publication (Audiosfera Wrocławia [e sounds of Wrocław], ed. Robert Losiak and Renata Tańczuk (Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Uni- wersytetu Wrocławskiego, 2014), 402 pp.), and an online soundmap of the city. e Studio also publishes the periodical Soundscape. Concepts – Research – Practice. More information concerning the Studio’s activities can be found on its website: http:// pracownia.audiosfery.uni.wroc.pl. 8 Introduction A comprehensive study of urban soundscapes in 1945, their reception and rep-
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