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Figure 2. Roman coin from 56 BCE under Pompey. The three trophies represent his three Figure 1. Trajan’s Column, open battle genre Triumphs.ii Scene (XXIV) i Figure 3: Dionysiac Cult Celebration, mid to late Figure 2: Scythian Funerary Sceneiv fifth century BCE.iii Figure 3: Portonaccio Sarcophagus, 190-200 CE, National Museum of Rome, for a general of Marcus Aurelius, showing battle with the Sarmatians. The trophy on the right shows a face mask used in battle. Another relief on the column of M. Aurelius shows a trophy with this type of mask.v Figure 5: Reliefs of the Temple of Hadrian, held at the National Archaeology Museum of Naples.vi Figure 6: Victory carrying the standard of military success from Hadrian’s temple on the Campus Martius, 145 CE, the location where the Roman Triumphs began.vii i From http://arts.st-andrews.ac.uk/trajans-column/the-project/numbering-conventions-and-site-guide/, Univ. of Saint Andrews, [accessed 6 July 2017]. ii Image from ancient Coin Search Engine; a similar coin also appears in Beard, The Roman Triumph, 20. iii https://www.britannica.com/topic/mystery-religion, Louvre, Paris. iv https://www.thecultureconcept.com/scythians-warriors-of-ancient-siberia-british-museum-show. v Open source image from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portonaccio_sarcophagus. vi http://ancientrome.ru/art/artworken/img.htm?id=7303 From the Temple of Hadrian on the Campus Martius, dates to 145 CE. (Museo archeologico nazionale di Napoli). This represents another image of a trophy. vii From http://ancientrome.ru/art/artworken/img.htm?id=7300 from http://ancientrome.ru/art/artworken/art-search-e.htm. Sculpture owned by Rome, Capitoline Museums, Inv. No. MC768. .

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Hadrian and the Greek East
HADRIAN AND THE GREEK EAST: IMPERIAL POLICY AND COMMUNICATION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Demetrios Kritsotakis, B.A, M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2008 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Fritz Graf, Adviser Professor Tom Hawkins ____________________________ Professor Anthony Kaldellis Adviser Greek and Latin Graduate Program Copyright by Demetrios Kritsotakis 2008 ABSTRACT The Roman Emperor Hadrian pursued a policy of unification of the vast Empire. After his accession, he abandoned the expansionist policy of his predecessor Trajan and focused on securing the frontiers of the empire and on maintaining its stability. Of the utmost importance was the further integration and participation in his program of the peoples of the Greek East, especially of the Greek mainland and Asia Minor. Hadrian now invited them to become active members of the empire. By his lengthy travels and benefactions to the people of the region and by the creation of the Panhellenion, Hadrian attempted to create a second center of the Empire. Rome, in the West, was the first center; now a second one, in the East, would draw together the Greek people on both sides of the Aegean Sea. Thus he could accelerate the unification of the empire by focusing on its two most important elements, Romans and Greeks. Hadrian channeled his intentions in a number of ways, including the use of specific iconographical types on the coinage of his reign and religious language and themes in his interactions with the Greeks. In both cases it becomes evident that the Greeks not only understood his messages, but they also reacted in a positive way.
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Analecta Romana Instituti Danici Xxxv/Xxxvi
ANALECTA ROMANA INSTITUTI DANICI XXXV/XXXVI ANALECTA ROMANA INSTITUTI DANICI XXXV/XXXVI 2010/11 ROMAE MMX-MMXI ANALECTA ROMANA INSTITUTI DANICI XXXV-XXXVI © 2011 Accademia di Danimarca ISSN 2035-2506 Published with the support of a grant from: Det Frie Forskningsråd / Kultur og Kommunikation SCIENTIFIC BOARD Ove Hornby (Bestyrelsesformand, Det Danske Institut i Rom) Jesper Carlsen (Syddansk Universitet) Astrid Elbek (Det Jyske Musikkonservatorium) Karsten Friis-Jensen (Københavns Universitet) Helge Gamrath (Aalborg Universitet) Maria Fabricius Hansen (Ny Carlsbergfondet) Michael Herslund (Copenhagen Business School) Hannemarie Ragn Jensen (Københavns Universitet) Kurt Villads Jensen (Syddansk Universitet) Mogens Nykjær (Aarhus Universitet) Gunnar Ortmann (Det Danske Ambassade i Rom) Bodil Bundgaard Rasmussen (Nationalmuseet, København) Birger Riis-Jørgensen (Det Danske Ambassade i Rom) Lene Schøsler (Københavns Universitet) Poul Schülein (Arkitema, København) Anne Sejten (Roskilde Universitet) EDITORIAL BOARD Marianne Pade (Chair of Editorial Board, Det Danske Institut i Rom) Erik Bach (Det Danske Institut i Rom) Patrick Kragelund (Danmarks Kunstbibliotek) Gitte Lønstrup Dal Santo (Det Danske Institut i Rom) Gert Sørensen (Københavns Universitet) Birgit Tang (Det Danske Institut i Rom) Maria Adelaide Zocchi (Det Danske Institut i Rom) Analecta Romana Instituti Danici. — Vol. I (1960) — . Copenhagen: Munksgaard. From 1985: Rome, «L’ERMA» di Bretschneider. From 2007 (online): Accademia di Danimarca ANALECTA ROMANA INSTITUTI DANICI encourages scholarly contributions within the Academy’s research fields. All contributions will be peer reviewed. Manuscripts to be considered for publication should be sent to: [email protected]. Authors are requested to consult the journal’s guidelines at www.acdan.it. Contents STINE BIRK Third-Century Sarcophagi from the City of Rome: A Chronological Reappraisal 7 URSULA LEHMANN-BROCKHAUS Asger Jorn: Il grande rilievo nell’Aarhus Statgymnasium 31 METTE MIDTGÅRD MADSEN: Sonne’s Frieze versus Salto’s Reconstruction.
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The Platform of the Temple of Venus and Rome
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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-12012-9 — the Cambridge World History of Violence Edited by Garrett G
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-12012-9 — The Cambridge World History of Violence Edited by Garrett G. Fagan , Linda Fibiger , Mark Hudson , Matthew Trundle Index More Information Index Abbink, Jon 608 Aijmer, Göran 608 Abner, and Joab 619–20 Akhenaton, pharaoh 188, 191 ‘abomination’, biblical notion of 615–16 Akhtoy III, pharaoh 345 Abram (Abraham) 611 Akkad, kingdom of 221, 228 sacriﬁce of son 617 culture 460 Abu-Lughod, Lila 395 fall of 230 Abydos, Egypt, First Dynasty burials 464 Alcibiades 542 acephalous society warfare see hunter- treatment of wife and dog 392–4 gatherers; raiding Alesia, battle of (52 BCE) 154 Achaemenides, son of Amestris 370 Alexander the Great 29, 235, 552 Acts of Ptolemy and Lucius 583, 584 Alexander Severus, emperor 254 Acy-Romance, France, Iron Age human Alexandria, destruction of the Serapeion (391 sacriﬁce 453 CE) 513, 515, 520–2 Adrianople, battle of (378 CE) 264, 268 Alken Enge, Jutland, Iron Age massacre adultery deposit 448 biblical punishment of women 616 Allan, William 540 punishment by male members of Allen, Danielle 383 household 385 Alvarado, Pedro de 214 by women in Greece 384, 390 Amarna Letters, between Babylon and Aegospotami, battle of (405 BCE) 538 Egypt 234 Aeneas 550 Amenemhet II, pharaoh 346 and Anchises 676, 681 Amenhotep II, pharaoh 183, 186 Africa Americas Homo erectus 58 evidence of violence in Paleoamericans Homo sapiens in 58 23, 54 Later Stone Age 99–104, 104 initial colonisation 199 see also hunter-gatherers; Kalahari ritualised violence 7 Agathonike, martyr 583 skeletal evidence
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Tour of the Early Church: Journeys of Paul & John with Dr
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The Capital of Roman Province of Asia-Ephesus
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Waters of Rome Journal
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The Persistence of Relief: Relief Sculpture in Contemporary Art
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