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Massachusetts Leadership in the Woman Suffrage Movment

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Massachusetts Leadership in the Woman Suffrage Movment copyright Barbara F 1 Berenson Themes from Within Movement • Key Events • Leaders (top down) • Foot Soldiers (bottom up) • Diversity of Participants copyright Barbara F 2 Berenson The Women’s Rights Movement Emerges within MA Anti-Slavery Movement © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 The Grimké Sisters Angelina Grimké Sarah Grimké © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Boston: Abolitionist Center William Lloyd Garrison © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Congregational Ministers Letter, 1837 “When she assumes the place and tone of a man as a public reformer . Her character becomes unnatural . and the way is opened for degeneracy and ruin.” © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Letters of the Grimké Sisters Sarah Grimké Angelina Grimké “I contend that woman has “There are few things which just as much right to sit in present greater obstacles to solemn counsel in Conventions, the improvement and Conferences, Associations and elevation of woman to her General Assemblies, as man – appropriate sphere of just as much right . [to sit] in usefulness and duty than the . the Presidential chair of the .[laws which] she has had no United States.” voice in establishing.” © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Orators to Organizers The Organized Woman Suffrage Movement was Launched in Worcester in 1850 © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Lucy Stone © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 First National Women’s Rights Convention Worcester 1850 Brinley Hall © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Movement Suspended During Civil War, But . © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Women’s Roles Expanded During the Civil War © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Schism Over the 15th Amendment Founding of AWSA © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Schism over the 15th Amendment © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Schism over the 15th Amendment May 1869, American Equal Rights Association Stone: Stanton: “Woman has an ocean of “I will not support men of other wrongs too deep for any races making laws for plummet, and the Negro, too, daughters of Jefferson, has an ocean of wrongs that Hancock, and Adams.” cannot be fathomed . .I will be thankful in my soul if anybody Used Racist Language can get out of the terrible pit.” © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 AWSA 1870 - 1890 Park Street • Organized State Associations (MWSA) • Led State Campaigns • Woman’s Journal • Cambridge Woman’s Suffrage League (1886) • Cambridge Political Equality Association (1896);Affiliates with MWSA 1901 copyright Barbara F 16 Berenson copyright Barbara F 17 Berenson Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin copyright Barbara F 18 Berenson Partial Suffrage: School Committee, 1879 Role of Women’s Clubs © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 From Force of Habit She Will Clean This Up © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Antis Organized © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 NAWSA, Progressive Era © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Maud Wood Park • Founded College Equal Suffrage League in Massachusetts • (Later, becomes NAWSA’s lead lobbyist in D.C.) © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Florence Luscomb • “Open Air” Meetings © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 A More Diverse Movement © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Mary Kenney O’Sullivan • Founded Women’s Trade Union League in Massachusetts © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Margaret Foley Jennie Loitman Barron © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 1915 Campaign © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Uncle Sam: “Prune Away Prejudice and These Four States will Blossom in November” copyright Barbara F 29 Berenson Cambridge Active in 1915 Campaign • And Events Leading to Campaign • See Grace Allen Johnson, folder copyright Barbara F 30 Berenson Massachusetts Suffragists © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Massachusetts Suffragists © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Anti Cartoon: “Looking Backward” © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 Defeat Defeat in NJ, NY, PA, MA Largest margin of defeat, MA © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 NAWSA: The Winning Plan Carrie Chapman Catt Maud Wood Park © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 The National Woman’s Party: The Militant 5% Deeds not Words © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 22 Arrested in Boston, Feb. 24, 1919 Katharine Morey © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 WWI: “Make World Safe For Democracy” New and Expanded Roles for Women © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 NAWSA Targeted Anti Sen. John W. Weeks • Former Mayor of Newton • Republican © Barbara F. Berenson 2018 copyright Barbara F 40 Berenson .
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