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Systematics and Evolution of the Genus Pleurothallis R. Br
Systematics and evolution of the genus Pleurothallis R. Br. (Orchidaceae) in the Greater Antilles DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) im Fach Biologie eingereicht an der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät I der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin von Diplom-Biologe Hagen Stenzel geb. 05.10.1967 in Berlin Präsident der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Prof. Dr. J. Mlynek Dekan der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät I Prof. Dr. M. Linscheid Gutachter/in: 1. Prof. Dr. E. Köhler 2. HD Dr. H. Dietrich 3. Prof. Dr. J. Ackerman Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 06.02.2004 Pleurothallis obliquipetala Acuña & Schweinf. Für Jakob und Julius, die nichts unversucht ließen, um das Zustandekommen dieser Arbeit zu verhindern. Zusammenfassung Die antillanische Flora ist eine der artenreichsten der Erde. Trotz jahrhundertelanger floristischer Forschung zeigen jüngere Studien, daß der Archipel noch immer weiße Flecken beherbergt. Das trifft besonders auf die Familie der Orchideen zu, deren letzte Bearbeitung für Cuba z.B. mehr als ein halbes Jahrhundert zurückliegt. Die vorliegende Arbeit basiert auf der lang ausstehenden Revision der Orchideengattung Pleurothallis R. Br. für die Flora de Cuba. Mittels weiterer morphologischer, palynologischer, molekulargenetischer, phytogeographischer und ökologischer Untersuchungen auch eines Florenteils der anderen Großen Antillen wird die Genese der antillanischen Pleurothallis-Flora rekonstruiert. Der Archipel umfaßt mehr als 70 Arten dieser Gattung, wobei die Zahlen auf den einzelnen Inseln sehr verschieden sind: Cuba besitzt 39, Jamaica 23, Hispaniola 40 und Puerto Rico 11 Spezies. Das Zentrum der Diversität liegt im montanen Dreieck Ost-Cuba – Jamaica – Hispaniola, einer Region, die 95 % der antillanischen Arten beherbergt, wovon 75% endemisch auf einer der Inseln sind. -
Keel, S. 2005. Caribbean Ecoregional Assessment Cuba Terrestrial
CARIBBEAN ECOREGIONAL ASSESSMENT Cuba Terrestrial Report July 8, 2005 Shirley Keel INTRODUCTION Physical Features Cuba is the largest country in the Caribbean, with a total area of 110,922 km2. The Cuba archipelago consists of the main island (105,007 km2), Isla de Pinos (2,200 km2), and more than one thousand cays (3,715 km2). Cuba’s main island, oriented in a NW-SE direction, has a varied orography. In the NW the major mountain range is the Guaniguanico Massif stretching from west to east with two mountain chains of distinct geological ages and composition—Sierra de los Organos of ancient Jurassic limestone deposited on slaty sandstone, and Sierra del Rosario, younger and highly varied in geological structure. Towards the east lie the low Hills of Habana- Matanzas and the Hills of Bejucal-Madruga-Limonar. In the central part along the east coast are several low hills—from north to south the Mogotes of Caguaguas, Loma Cunagua, the ancient karstic range of Sierra de Cubitas, and the Maniabón Group; while along the west coast rises the Guamuhaya Massif (Sierra de Escambray range) and low lying Sierra de Najasa. In the SE, Sierra Maestra and the Sagua-Baracoa Massif form continuous mountain ranges. The high ranges of Sierra Maestra stretch from west to east with the island’s highest peak, Pico Real (Turquino Group), reaching 1,974 m. The complex mountain system of Sagua-Baracoa consists of several serpentine mountains in the north and plateau-like limestone mountains in the south. Low limestone hills, Sierra de Casas and Sierra de Caballos are situated in the northeastern part of Isla de Pinos (Borhidi, 1991). -
Advances in Geoconservation in Cuba: Assessment of the Guaniguanico Range and Guanahacabibes Plain (Pinar Del Río)
Author's personal copy Geoheritage DOI 10.1007/s12371-013-0086-4 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Advances in Geoconservation in Cuba: Assessment of the Guaniguanico Range and Guanahacabibes Plain (Pinar del Río) Jose Luis Corvea & Alberto Blanco & Irene de Bustamante & Hermes Farfán & Yoel Martínez & Roberto Novo & Carlos Díaz & Narciso López Received: 22 February 2012 /Accepted: 18 June 2013 # The European Association for Conservation of the Geological Heritage 2013 Abstract The application of geoconservation concepts in Introduction Cuba is very recent, despite the wide body of knowledge accumulated through the study of Cuban geology. Recently, The history of geological sciences in Cuba, as in most the establishment and consolidation of a National System of Central American and Caribbean countries, is closely related Protected Areas that stresses interaction with scientific institu- with the development of the mining industry. For a better tions has greatly helped initiate geoconservation in Cuba. In understanding, this introduction is divided into several this study, we review the geoconservation criteria used in the stages, from the Aboriginal phase to the Socialist era. For management of protected areas, their precedents and adminis- every stage, the major scientific advances—associated with trative framework. We used the methodology proposed by mining deposit studies—are emphasised, mapping docu- Bruschi (2007) for the characterisation, assessment and man- ments and mining methods that have allowed economic agement of geodiversity resources, and modified its criteria for and social development. use in selecting geosites. We have applied the methodology to According to Iturralde (2006) in Cuba, “the true birth of assess the Guaniguanico Range and the Guanahacabibes Plain geological surveys did not occur until the nineteenth century, where 162 geosites were defined. -
Introduced Amphibians and Reptiles in the Cuban Archipelago
Herpetological Conservation and Biology 10(3):985–1012. Submitted: 3 December 2014; Accepted: 14 October 2015; Published: 16 December 2015. INTRODUCED AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES IN THE CUBAN ARCHIPELAGO 1,5 2 3 RAFAEL BORROTO-PÁEZ , ROBERTO ALONSO BOSCH , BORIS A. FABRES , AND OSMANY 4 ALVAREZ GARCÍA 1Sociedad Cubana de Zoología, Carretera de Varona km 3.5, Boyeros, La Habana, Cuba 2Museo de Historia Natural ”Felipe Poey.” Facultad de Biología, Universidad de La Habana, La Habana, Cuba 3Environmental Protection in the Caribbean (EPIC), Green Cove Springs, Florida, USA 4Centro de Investigaciones de Mejoramiento Animal de la Ganadería Tropical, MINAGRI, Cotorro, La Habana, Cuba 5Corresponding author, email: [email protected] Abstract.—The number of introductions and resulting established populations of amphibians and reptiles in Caribbean islands is alarming. Through an extensive review of information on Cuban herpetofauna, including protected area management plans, we present the first comprehensive inventory of introduced amphibians and reptiles in the Cuban archipelago. We classify species as Invasive, Established Non-invasive, Not Established, and Transported. We document the arrival of 26 species, five amphibians and 21 reptiles, in more than 35 different introduction events. Of the 26 species, we identify 11 species (42.3%), one amphibian and 10 reptiles, as established, with nine of them being invasive: Lithobates catesbeianus, Caiman crocodilus, Hemidactylus mabouia, H. angulatus, H. frenatus, Gonatodes albogularis, Sphaerodactylus argus, Gymnophthalmus underwoodi, and Indotyphlops braminus. We present the introduced range of each of the 26 species in the Cuban archipelago as well as the other Caribbean islands and document historical records, the population sources, dispersal pathways, introduction events, current status of distribution, and impacts. -
Cuba: Nature & Culture
Cuba: Nature & Culture With Naturalist Journeys & Caligo Ventures March 17 – 28, 2019 866.900.1146 800.426.7781 520.558.1146 [email protected] www.naturalistjourneys.com or find us on Facebook at Naturalist Journeys, LLC. Naturalist Journeys, LLC / Caligo Ventures PO Box 16545 Portal, AZ 85632 PH: 520.558.1146 / 800.426.7781 Fax 650.471.7667www.naturalistjourneys.com / www.caligo.com [email protected] / [email protected] Cuba: Nature & Culture With Naturalist Journeys & Caligo Ventures Explore with Naturalist Journeys on a Cuban nature and cultural tour, our popular adventure run each year in partnership with International Expeditions. We get rave reviews on this experience! Along with some meaningful and varied cultural experiences, this Cuba tour also has a focus on the fascinating birds and nature of this scenic island nation. There is stunning geography to view as we make a wide loop through rural regions before spending time in Havana. Meet Cuban ornithologists, biologists, artists, dancers, teachers, and more. Discover the countryside and historic sections of Trinidad and Havana. Explore the Zapata wetlands, Viñales Valley’s rugged limestone mogotes, Sierra de Escambray, and Bay of Pigs. Meet locals, farmers and their families, and friends in different parts of the country. Learn first-hand how Cubans look to their future and how they interpret their past. Explore a wonderful variety of habitats, from tropical and montane forests to mangroves that support 25+/- endemic bird species, plus a number of regional Caribbean -
Cuba, Caribbean & Mexico
19 DAY CENTRAL AMERICA PACKAGE CUBA, CARIBBEAN & MEXICO $ PER PERSON 5499 TWIN SHARE TYPICALLY $8199 CUBA • JAMAICA • CAYMAN ISLANDS • MEXICO • USA THE OFFER INSIDE BELLA You choose the cruise on this incredible 19 day Central America package taking in the highlights of Cuba, Mexico and the Caribbean. The gates may have opened $5499 to trade from America, but Cuba still looks and feels like a step back in time. Be seduced by the mix of colonial streets, 50s cars and the passion of Havana’s people. Discover Cienfuegos, a city on the southern coast known as the ‘Pearl OCEAN VIEW FANTASTICA of the South’; travel to Cumanayagua at the foot of the Escambray mountain range and journey by 4WD through the Nicho Valley, taking the opportunity to swim in the azure water of the falls surrounded by rainforest. Learn the history $5999 of Trinidad across several museums and marvel at one of the most photographed buildings in the region, the Convento de San Francisco; travel to historic Santa Clara, the home of the final battle of the Cuban Revolution; and onto Varadero where you’ll enjoy two nights at an all-inclusive resort. BALCONY FANTASTICA Then, change up the pace with a seven night cruise aboard the elegant MSC Armonia ship through the Caribbean and beyond. Depending on your date $6399 chosen, you’ll visit Ocho Rios, George Town and Cozumel; or Isla de Roatan, Costa Maya and Cozumel. End your bucket list holiday in sun-kissed Miami, taking the opportunity to stay behind, if you wish, to soak up the beauty of the coastal city’s eclectic style. -
The Bay of Pigs: Lessons Learned Topic: the Bay of Pigs Invasion
The Bay of Pigs: Lessons Learned Topic: The Bay of Pigs Invasion Grade Level: 9-12 Subject Area: US History after World War II – History and Government Time Required: One class period Goals/Rationale: Students analyze President Kennedy’s April 20, 1961 speech to the American Society of Newspaper Editors in which he unapologetically frames the invasion as “useful lessons for us all to learn” with strong Cold War language. This analysis will help students better understand the Cold War context of the Bay of Pigs invasion, and evaluate how an effective speech can shift the focus from a failed action or policy towards a future goal. Essential Question: How can a public official address a failed policy or action in a positive way? Objectives Students will be able to: Explain the US rationale for the Bay of Pigs invasion and the various ways the mission failed. Analyze the tone and content of JFK’s April 20, 1961 speech. Evaluate the methods JFK used in this speech to present the invasion in a more positive light. Connection to Curricula (Standards): National English Language Standards (NCTE) 1 - Students read a wide range of print and non-print texts to build an understanding of texts, of themselves, and of the cultures of the United States and the world; to acquire new information; to respond to the needs and demands of society and the workplace; and for personal fulfillment. Among these texts are fiction and nonfiction, classic and contemporary works. 3- Students apply a wide range of strategies to comprehend, interpret, evaluate, and appreciate texts. -
– Cuba Cruise Program from Cienfuegos –
– Cuba Cruise Program from Cienfuegos – DAY PLACE PROGRAM We meet at 11:00 am at the Melia Cohiba Hotel lobby for a drink and a free transfer by bus to 1 Havana - Cienfuegos. After a 3 hour drive through Cuba's central regions we reach Cienfuegos and Cienfuegos embark the yacht between 15:00 and 16:00. Welcome briefings and cocktail, safety drill. Welcome dinner. Overnight in Cienfuegos. Early morning arriving into the port of Casilda. Our full day optional excursion brings us to Trinidad, a Spanish colonial settlement once built on huge sugar fortunes. Trinidad, is a UNESCO World Heritage site. A meticulously well-preserved Spanish colonial city, with its 2 Casilda - rich architecture, cobblestone streets, palaces and plazas it is sometimes referred to as the Trinidad “museum city of Cuba”. There will be stops for visits to local artists and home studios, the Museum Romantico or the Architecture Museum. After lunch, we will drive to the nearby Sugarmills Valley (Valle de los Ingenios) also a UNESCO World Heritage site. Overnight at sea to Cayo Largo. Early morning arrival in Cayo Largo. Cayo Largo was formed by limestone, formed over millions of years from the remains of marine organisms, much like the ones that form coral 3 Cayo Largo reefs. Our optional excursion will take us to the Sea Turtle Breeding Centre and Endangered Species Protection program. We will then join coral reef experts for an amazing 2 and a half hour guided snorkelling experience. Protected from strong sea currents, the seabed is varied and unspoiled, with an abundance of underwater caves, valleys and steep, gorgonian- encrusted walls. -
PARTV the VEGETATION MAP of CUBA Paklv the Vegetation Map of Cuba 22 the Main Vegetation Types of Cuba
PARTV THE VEGETATION MAP OF CUBA PAKlV The vegetation map of Cuba 22 The main vegetation types of Cuba . 389 22.1 Rainforests . 389 22.1.1 Submontane rainforests (Calophyllo- Carapetum guianensis) . 389 22.1.2 Wetmontanerainforests (Ocoteo-Magnolietalia) ..................... 392 22.1.3 Semi-arid montane serpentine rainforests (Podocarpo-Sloanetalia) .. , 396 • 22.1.4 Cloudforests or mossy forests (Weinmannio-Cyrilletalia) . 398 22.1.5 Semi-arid montane serpentine shrubwoods (Clusio-llicetalia) 400 22.1.6 Elfin thickets (Jlici-Myricion cacuminis) ............................... 402 22.2 Seasonal evergreen forests or seasonal rainforests . 404 22.2.1 Lowland seasonal rainforests . 404 22.2.2 Submontane seasonalrainforests (Oxandro-Dipholietum) ............ 405 22.3 Semi-deciduous forests . 410 ~ 22.3.1 Semi-deciduous mesophytic forests (Oxandro-Burseretalia) . 410 22.3.2 Semi-deciduous xerophytic forests . .. .. 415 22.4 Tropical karstic forests . 416 22.4.1 Species rich karstic forests of western Cuba (Spathelio-Gaussion) 417 ,..~ 22.4.2 Species poor karstic forests of western Cuba (Thrinacion morrisii) . 418 22.4.3 Karstic forests of eastern Cuba (Tabebuio-Coccothrinacion) 418 22.4.4 Montane karstic forests (Tabebuio-Garryetum) .......... : . 419 22.5 Dry forests and shrubwoods . .. 419 22.5.1 Dry evergreen forests (Eugenio-Metopietalia toxiferi) ................. 420 22.5.2 Dry, thorny limestone shrubwoods ( Lantano-Cordietalia) . 423 22.5.3 Dry lowland serpentine shrubwoods (Phyllantho-Neobracetalia) ....... ·425 22.5.4 Semi-dry lowland serpentine shrublands (Ariadno-Phyllanthetalia) ..... 426 22.6 Semi-desert cactus scrubs (Consoleo-Ritterocereion hystricis) ................... 427 22. 7 Coniferous forests . 431 22. 7 .1 Pinus tropicalis forests on sand (Acoelorrapho- Pinion tropicalis) 431 22.7.2 Pinus caribaea and mixed oak-pine forests on slatey rocks (Pachyantho- Pinion caribaeae) .............................................................. -
ZED Mariel: Open to the World Contents Cuba ZED Mariel
ZED www.zedmariel.com MARIEL ZONA ESPECIAL DE DESARROLLO MARIEL OPEN TO THE WORLD NOVEMBER 2014 ZED MARIEL: OPEN TO THE WORLD CONTENTS CUBA ZED MARIEL 1 Why Cuba? 13 ZED Mariel: The facts 2 The future Hub to the Americas 14 Artemisa province 3 Respected globally 15 Zoning: Sector A 4 Foreign trade figures 16 Priority sectors of interest 5 Foreign direct investment 17 TC Mariel: A regional logistics hub 6 Economic changes 18 The legal framework 7 Infrastructure 19 Fiscal rules 8 Social indicators 20 Administrative procedures 9 Havana This presentation has been prepared by Caribbean 21 FAQs Professional Services Ltd in cooperation with the Oficina de la Zona Especial de Desarrollo Mariel. Its purpose is 10 Biotechnology & pharmaceutical purely informative and is intended to provide a general outline of the subjects covered. It should neither be regarded as comprehensive nor sufficient for making decisions, nor should it be used in place of professional 11 Tourism advice. We advise that the investors and, in general, the readers who make use of the document consult their own legal advisors and professional consultants regarding investment in Cuba. Caribbean Professional Services Ltd 12 Time for a change to the US accepts no responsibility for any loss arising from any blockade against Cuba action taken or not taken by anyone using this material. All photos are subject to copyright © ZED MARIEL: OPEN TO THE WORLD 1 ‘Everyone dreamed of Cuba’ A strategic location in the heart of the Over 25 years working with foreign Miguel Barnet Caribbean, ideally located to become investors since 1989. -
Trumpets in the Mountains Theater and the Politics of National Culture in Cuba
TRUMPETS IN THE MOUNTAINS Theater and the Politics of National Culture in Cuba Laurie A. Frederik Trumpets in the Mountains Laurie A. Frederik TRUMPETS IN THE MOUNTAINS Theater and the Politics of National Culture in Cuba Duke University Press Durham and London 2012 ∫ 2012 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper ! Designed by C. H. Westmoreland Typeset in Minion Pro by Keystone Typesetting, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data appear on the last printed page of this book. dedicated to Nena, la viajera & Mom, la teatrista CONTENTS list of illustrations ix acknowledgments xi Prologue: The Red Blood of Cuban Identity xix Introduction: More than Just Scenery 1 1. Revolution and Revolutionary Performance or, what happens when el negrito, la mulata, and el gallego meet el Hombre Nuevo 41 2. Artists in the Special Period, Option Zero, and the Hombre Novísimo or, the heroic rescue of Liborio and Elpidio Valdés 76 3. Creative Process and Play Making in Cumanayagua or, waiting for Atilio on the side of a country road 111 4. The Inundation of Siguanea and Cuba or, the near drowning and rescue of Cuba’s Godot 142 5. Cultural Crusades and the Unsung Artists of Guantánamo or, how Don Quixote saves humble Harriero from the devil 175 6. Storytellers and the Story Told: Voices and Visions in the Zones of Silence or, who wins the wager if the cockfight ends in a draw 218 7. Dramatic Irony and Janus-Faced Nationalism or, the triumphant stage return of el negrito and míster Smith 259 notes 279 glossary 291 sources cited 297 index 325 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS maps 1. -
Key Facts and Figures on Cuba / Unesco Cooperation 1
KEY FACTS AND FIGURES ON CUBA / UNESCO COOPERATION 1. Membership of UNESCO: since 29 August 1947 2. Membership on the Executive Board: Yes (2017-2021). Previous terms: 9 times to date 3. Membership to Intergovernmental Committees and Commissions: 5 2023: Intergovernmental Council of the “Management of Social Transformations” Programme 2023: Intergovernmental Committee for Physical Education and Sport (CIGEPS) 2021: Intergovernmental Council of the International Programme for the Development of Communication 2020: Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage Permanent Membership: Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission 4. DG’s visits to Cuba: 1 (4-8 December 2019) 5. Former DG’s visits to Cuba: 3 (in 2017, 2015 and in 2012) 6. Permanent Delegation to UNESCO: H.E. Ms Yahima Esquivel Mynelo, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Delegate Ms Laura Medina, Deputy Permanent Delegate, Chargée d’Affaires a.i. Previous Permanent Delegate: H.E. Ms Dulce María Buergo Rodríguez, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Delegate (March 2015-December 2019) 7. UNESCO Office in Cuba: Establishment: 24 February 24 1950 (Regional Office for Culture in Latin American and the Caribbean) Director: Ms Katherine Müller-Marin (D-1, Costa Rica) since 1 March 2016 8. National Commission for UNESCO: Establishment: 17 November 1947 President: Mr Óscar León González (since October 2016) 9. Personalities linked to UNESCO’s activities: 1997: Silvio Rodríguez, Artist for Peace 10.