Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Zoning for Soul Zoning, streetscaping and sense of place Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Insert map Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Outline
1. What was happening - history 2. Underpinnings of change 3. What’s happening now Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What was Underpinnings What’s happening of change happening now
Boom, decline, Zoning & Streetscaping cultural programs & public art investment
building sense of place complete community Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What was happening
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
• Indigenous groups used this part of Red River for transportation and settlement.
• Europeans used river and its tributaries to access valuable fur trade on the continent.
• After 1670, Hudson Bay and Northwest Companies built rival fur trading posts called Upper and Lower Fort Garry, connected by Main Street.
W hat was happening – early days
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
• In 1882, construction of CPR spurred development of an industrial district here. • Much housing was torn down to support growing industry. Major land use was warehousing – storage of manufactured goods arriving from Europe, heading west and south.
What was happening – early days
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
• In 1911 there were more than 200 wholesale businesses and warehouses in the Exchange.
• Most warehouses connected by spur rail lines leading from Red River.
What was happening – early days
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
• By 1912, Winnipeg was one of the fastest growing cities in the world
• This was driven primarily by its location between manufacturers in Europe & Eastern North America and the west’s expanding markets.
• During 1920s Winnipeg’s Exchange District coordinated more than 1/2 the world's grain sales. What was happening – boom
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
• 1914 - Panama Canal opened. Was biggest factor in Winnipeg’s decline. • 1919 - Winnipeg General Strike. Some key events were located in the East Exchange, including Hell’s Alley where a striker was killed by the RCMP.
What was happening – decline
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
• With depopulation and suburbanization, blight and decline took hold in the area. • The East Exchange in the 1950s-60s was a concern for the City, who commissioned an economic and land use study to chart a way forward.
• The study found the area to be so bad that it recommended that no new
residential development be allowed: Austin Street, East Exchange, 1962
South Point Douglas Economic and Land Use Analysis, Metropolitan Corporation of Greater Winnipeg, 1966
What was happening – decline
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
• 1960s - Province of Manitoba and City of Winnipeg built an arts and culture hub in East Exchange.
• Winnipeg Concert Hall, Planetarium, Museum.
• Classic mid-century urban renewal scheme to attract suburbanites back to the core.
Image: Winnipeg Architecture Foundation What was happening – megaprojects
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Underpinnings of change
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
• 1970s-1990s, concept of complete community not yet popularized. Heritage restoration was focus in Exchange District.
• All 3 levels of government began contributing to heritage restoration and preservation.
• Included protective legislation, investment, heritage conservation credits/ research, and commemorative recognition.
City of Winnipeg, 1974 Restoring Electric Railway Chambers façade, 1995. Underpinnings of change– heritage restoration
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
• 1999 - Centre Venture Established, in part to enhance use of heritage buildings in area.
• 2004 – Waterfront Drive developed in alignment with Plan (2000).
• First major residential and commercial growth effort in the East Exchange in almost 100 years.
Underpinnings of change– Waterfront Drive
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
• 2004 a new Downtown Zoning By-Law was established, specifying a residential and mixed use focus for much of Downtown including East Exchange. Compare this to: • The 1966 study that recommended against any new residential in the area. • The 1988 Zoning By-Law - principal residential uses were still not outright permitted in East Exchange.
• The 2004 Downtown Zoning By-Law also waived all parking requirements Downtown . Removal of this barrier further facilitated residential and mixed use.
Underpinnings of change– Zoning
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
• 2004 – present - multiple family/mixed use grant programs.
• All programs use Tax Increment Financing (TIF).
• Some programs applied further incentives to:
• Rental apartments • Affordable units • Redevelopment of surface parking lots • Strategic infill locations • Structured parking
Underpinnings of change– Housing Incentives
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
East Exchange District Housing Units - 2008 to present Program Address Approval Completed # Condo units # Rental units # Affordable Downtown Multiple Family/ 340 Waterfront Dr. 2008 Y 109 Mixed Use Building Grant Program 530 Waterfront Dr. 2008 Y 10
110 James Ave 2010 Y 19 2 128 James Ave 2010 Y 10 4 133 Market Ave 2011 Y 15 10 Downtown Residential 25 Amy Street 2011 Y 33 0 Development Grant Program 130-134 James Ave 2013 Y 49 49 540 Waterfront Dr. 2013 Y 40 40 139/145 Market Ave 2013 Y 67 82
98 Market Ave 2016 N 64 7 165 McDermot Ave 2016 N 34 4 Live Downtown 109 James Ave 2016 N 87 11 104 James Ave 2016 N 118 12
352 303 221
Prior to 2004, there were 128 dwelling units in East Exchange. Now approx. 1,000.
Underpinnings of change– Housing Incentives
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Background WSP & HTFC provided the CW Public Works with 10 year detailed engineering and urban design study for the North East Exchange.
The Study provided a guide to help the City prioritize and coordinate infrastructure improvements to the area including:
- Services and utilities
- Roadway upgrades
- On-street parking
- Improved sidewalk corridors
- Improved pedestrian safety
- Pedestrian Lighting
- Bike facilities
- Wayfinding routes
- Sustainable tree planting
- Heritage elements
- Public Art
What’s happening now Background
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Background
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Funding Sources Public Works: Roadwork & Utilities
CentreVenture: Streetscaping
Property, Planning & Development: Streetscaping
What’s happening now Background
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Work Completed to Date 2014-2017
- Market Avenue
- Bertha Street
- Elgin Avenue – Hell’s Alley
- Rorie Avenue
- Lily Street
- John Hirsch Place - Woonerf
- Pacific Avenue
- Monument to the Winnipeg General Strike 1919 by Monteyne Architecture
What’s happening now Background
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Under Construction 2018
- James Avenue Streetscape
- Water Level Indicator Heritage Interpretation
- Waterfront Drive Upgrades: Pedestrian Crossings
- Waterfront Multi-Use Path Connection
- Bannatyne & McDermot Avenue Bike Lanes
What’s happening now Background
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Streetscaping and Sense of Place
- Sidewalk Corridors and Pedestrian Crossings
- Pedestrian Lighting
- Bike Facilities
- Sustainable Tree Planting
- Heritage elements
- Public Art
What’s happening now Streetscaping and Sense of Place
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Exchange District Design Guide
DRAFT Design Guideline for the Exchange District with three key design principles:
- Improve safety, accessibility and comfort of the pedestrian environment.
- Establish a simplified menu of streetscape elements compatible to historic place.
- Ensure sustainability and cost effectiveness of streetscaping elements from maintenance and replacement perspective.
Document Provides Guidelines for:
- Sidewalk Corridors
- Intersections
- Paving
- Street Elements
What’s happening now Sidewalk Corridors and Pedestrian Crossings
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
2015 City of Winnipeg Accessible Design Standard
Standard intended to support the implementation of the City’s Universal Design Policy within built environments.
Key Sections:
- Accessible Routes, Paths and Corridors
- Ramps, Stairs and Handrails
- Detectable Warning System
- Seating
- Exterior Standards: ground surfacing, lighting and streetscaping.
What’s happening now Sidewalk Corridors and Pedestrian Crossings
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Sidewalk Corridors and Pedestrian Crossings
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Sidewalk Corridors and Pedestrian Crossings
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Sidewalk Corridors and Pedestrian Crossings
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Sidewalk Corridors and Pedestrian Crossings
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Concept Plan What’s happening now Sidewalk Corridors and Pedestrian Crossings
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Completed & Upcoming Work 2014-2018
- Market Avenue Streetscape
- Bertha Street Streetscape
- Elgin Avenue – Hell’s Alley
- John Hirsch – Woonerf
- Lily Street Streetscape
- Pacific Avenue Streetscape
- Alexander Avenue Streetscape
- James Avenue Streetscape
- Waterfront Drive Pedestrian Crossings
What’s happening now Sidewalk Corridors and Pedestrian Crossings
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Lily – clear accessible path of travel contrasting materials Rorie – clear accessible path of travel contrasting materials
What’s happening now Sidewalk Corridors and Pedestrian Crossings
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Elgin Hell’s Alley – alleyway market
Rorie – Table for 1,200 John Hirsch Woonerf – walking tours, pedestrian route, street hockey
What’s happening now Sidewalk Corridors and Pedestrian Crossings
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Lily – visible, accessible, legible intersection
What’s happening now Sidewalk Corridors and Pedestrian Crossings
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Lily – Visible, accessible, legible intersection
What’s happening now Sidewalk Corridors and Pedestrian Crossings
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Bertha – stair & ramp at grade transition John Hirsch – stair & ramp at grade transition
Market – stair & ramp building access
John Hirsch Woonerf – flush transition from sidewalk to shared pedestrian / vehicle roadway
What’s happening now Sidewalk Corridors and Pedestrian Crossings
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
John Hirsch Woonerf – seating node north side
Lily & Rupert – pocket park Lily & Alexander – pocket park
Lily & Rupert – pocket park John Hirsch Woonerf – seating node south side
What’s happening now Sidewalk Corridors and Pedestrian Crossings
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Pedestrian Lighting
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Pedestrian Lighting
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Pedestrian Lighting
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Lily & Alexander Pocket Park – Trellis Lighting
John Hirsch Woonerf – Pole Lighting, Trellis Lighting & Tree Flood Lighting
Elgin Hell’s Alley – Building Mounted Lighting
What’s happening now Pedestrian Lighting
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Bertha – Trellis & Building Mounted Lighting
Market – Listening Lights by Monument Factory
Lily - Monument to the Winnipeg General Strike 1919 by Monteyne Architecture What’s happening now Pedestrian Lighting
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Downtown Bikeway Network
What’s happening now Bike Facilities
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Bike Facilities
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Bike Facilities
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Bike Facilities
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Pacific – Sport Manitoba Fieldhouse John Hirsch Woonerf – at seating nodes Rorie & Market – EIA assistance
Rorie – Porter Building Condo
What’s happening now Bike Facilities
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Sustainable Tree Planting
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Sustainable Tree Planting
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Sustainable Tree Planting
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Rorie – existing tree roots in 1.2 x 1.2m soil box Lily – soil vaults with up to 8 cubic metres of soil volume
What’s happening now Sustainable Tree Planting
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Lily – completed soil vaults at new trees Market – completed soil vaults at existing trees
What’s happening now Sustainable Tree Planting
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
John Hirsch Woonerf – soil cells and stormwater storage under roadway
What’s happening now Sustainable Tree Planting
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
John Hirsch Woonerf – tree roots grow into soil cells under roadway
What’s happening now Sustainable Tree Planting
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Rorie – permeable pavers at existing trees John Hirsch – permeable pavers at existing trees
What’s happening now Sustainable Tree Planting
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
John Hirsch – permeable pavers
What’s happening now Sustainable Tree Planting
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
East Exchange Heritage Interpretation Strategy 15 Year Plan by HTFC Planning & Design, CentreVenture & City of Winnipeg What’s happening now Heritage Elements
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Heritage Elements
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Heritage Elements
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Heritage Elements
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Heritage Elements
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Heritage Elements
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Heritage Implementation - Completed Work 2014-2017 - Elgin Avenue – Hell’s Alley
- Monument to the Winnipeg General Strike 1919
- John Hirsch Woonerf – Recalling Brown’s Creek
Upcoming Work 2018 - James Avenue – Water Level Indicator
On Thee Boards - Spur Line Heritage Interpretation
What’s happening now Heritage Elements
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Lily - Monument to the Winnipeg General Strike 1919 by Monteyne Architecture Elgin Hell’s Alley - recalling the historic spur & mountie vs. strikers
What’s happening now Heritage Elements
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
John Hirsch Woonerf – Recalling Brown’s Creek
What’s happening now Heritage Elements
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
James Avenue Water Level Indicator Motion activated programmed light cycle indicating 9 historically significant flood events throughout the years and, when not in program, real time flood levels at James 365 days of the year
Water level measuring device at James
What’s happening now Heritage Elements
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
East Exchange & Point Douglas Spur lines Spur line layers of history that exist today
What’s happening now Heritage Elements
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Public Art
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Public Art
What’s happening now
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
What’s happening now Public Art
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Lily Street Gateway Maps by Sean McLachlan
Each maps represents an unfolding map of the downtown from the east exchange expanding outward.
What’s happening now Public Art
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Lily Street Tripod Silhouettes by Sean McLachlan Each of the tripods represents a different historic moment on the street, 6 buildings, and 2 spur lines which supplied the warehouses of the district.
By bringing yourself in line with the eyepiece you can get a sense of the building's location on the road.
Housing 1890
Elgin Spur Line – Winnipeg Transfer Railway 1895
Clarke & Hughes Undertakers 1903 Amy Steam Plant 1924 Bigg’s Terrace 1888
What’s happening now Public Art
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Lily Nonsuch Silhouette by Sean McLachlan
What’s happening now Public Art
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
John Hirsch Woonerf Lighting ‘Rippling Water’ by Sean McLachlan
What’s happening now Public Art
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
1919 General Strike Streetcar Installation – Main & Market by Bernie Miller
What’s happening now Public Art
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Summary
• Sense of place was not created through one tool - several were needed:
• Heritage preservation • Housing programs/subsidies • Zoning to support mixed use and complete community • Public realm investments based on neighbourhood data and heritage
Zoning might be boring but it helped a lot!
Zoning for Soul – East Exchange District, Winnipeg
Questions?