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Crimes Against People with Disabilities Fact Sheet

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Crimes Against People with Disabilities Fact Sheet H D T E C N I R A C P L X E E R Crimes Against People with Disabilities S E A M I C T H C A L L V I Individuals with disabilities are particularly vulnerable to crime for a variety of reasons, including but not limited to reliance on caregivers, limited transportation options, limited access to Sign Language interpreters and assistive devices, and isolation from the community. While people with disabilities experience the same types of crime as people without disabilities, they may also experience unique forms of these crimes. For example, intimate partner violence victims with disabilities may be subject to denial of care or assistance, destruction of medical equipment, destruction of equipment for communication purposes, or manipulation of medications, in addition to more common controlling and abusive behaviors.A These vulnerabilities not only increase opportunities for abuse and neglect, but they also make reporting victimization more difficult for victims. CRIME TRENDS Between 2009 and 2015, individuals with disabilities were at Nearly 11 of every 1,000 individuals with a single type of least twice as likely to be victims of violent victimization as disability were victims of a serious violent victimization.1 For people without disabilities. In 2015, nearly 30 of every 1,000 individuals with multiple disabilities, 14 out of every 1,000 people age 12 or older with a disability reported violent were victims of a serious violent victimization.B victimization, compared to 12 of every 1,000 people age 12 B or older without a disability.B Violent Victimization by Crime and Number of Disabilities rate per 1,000 people age 12 or older Violent VictimizationB 25 21.1 rate per 1,000 people age 12 or older Single disability 50 18.2 50 Multiple disabilities 45 Individuals with disabilities 40 Individuals without disabilities 35 28.9 29.5 30 5.5 6.4 4.5 5.0 25 2.8 20 1.4 13.6 15 11.8 Simple Aggravated assault Robbery Rape/sexual 10 assault assault 5 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Individuals With Disabilities Individuals Without Disabilities DID YOU KNOW? The rate of violent victimization among men and women The National Crime Victimization Survey first included with at least one disability was more than twice the rate for questions about disability victimization in 2007. men and women without a disability.B Between 2011 and 2015, 20% of crime victims with Violent Victimization by Sex and DisabilityB disabilities believed they were targeted because of their B rate per 1,000 people age 12 or older disability. 31.8 32.8 People with multiple disabilities are more frequently victims 35 Individuals with of rape and sexual assault compared to victims with only disabilities Individuals without one form of disability. Between 2011 and 2015, 65% of rape/ disabilities sexual assault victims with a disability had multiple types of 14.1 B 11.4 disability. People with a single disability were less likely to report their victimization to the police compared to people with multiple B Men Women disabilities. 2018 National Crime Victims’ Rights Week Resource Guide: Crime and Victimization Fact Sheets CURRENT DATA ON CRIMES AGAINST PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES Between 2011 and 2015, nearly 60 of every 1,000 individuals In 2013, nearly 13% of children who were abused or age 12 or older with a cognitive disability reported they neglected also had a disability. Of those, children with Behavioral Problem Emotional Disturbance were victims of a violent victimization. Of individuals age 15 behavioral problems (24%) and those with emotional Learning Disability or older with an independent living, ambulatory, vision, or disturbance (19%) were most frequently victimized. One- Visually or Hearing Impaired Physical Disability self-care disability, about 30 of every 1,000 individuals were third of victimized children with a disability also had an Intellectual Disability victims of a violent victimization, as were nearly 16 of every unlisted medical condition.C Other Medical Condition 1,000 individuals with a hearing disability.B2 Child Victims of Abuse and NeglectC Victimization of People with Disabilities by disability type by Type of Disability and VictimizationB1 Behavioral problem (24%) rate per 1,000 people with disabilities age 12 or older Emotional disturbance (19%) 60 57.9 LearningBehavioral disability Problem (9%) Emotional Disturbance Total violent Serious violent Simple Visual or hearing impairment (6%) Well Known/Casual Acquaintances 35.6 victimization victimization assault Learning Disability 22.3 PhysicalVisually disability or Hearing Impaired(5%) Strangers 30.8 29.4 28.8 IntellectualPhysicalBehavioral Disability disability Problem (4%) 25.9 IntellectualEmotional Disability Disturbance Intimate Partner 18.8 16.3 17.6 OtherOther Learningmedical Medical Disability conditionCondition (33%) 12.1 13.1 11.3 16 15.7 Visually or Hearing Impaired Other Relatives 9.9 Physical Disability 7.8 7.9 Intellectual Disability Unknown Other Medical Condition Cognitive Independent Ambulatory Vision Self-care Hearing living Victim Relationship to OffenderB Individuals with a disability who experience violent Well Known/Casual Acquaintances victimization are more frequently victimized by relatives, Strangers including parents and children, and acquaintances than Intimate Partner Well Known/Casual Acquaintances victims without a disability. Almost 95% of individuals with a Well Known/Casual Acquaintances Victims with Other RelativesVictims without Strangers disability who were victims of violent crime could identify their disabilities Strangers disabilities Unknown Intimate Partner perpetrator; 40% were victimized by an acquaintance, 30% Intimate Partner were victimized by a stranger, and 15% were victimized by an Other Relatives Other Relatives intimate partner. (An acquaintance is defined as someone who Unknown was well or casually known to the victim, including caregivers.)B Unknown Individuals with a disability were slightly more likely to Aquaintance (40%) Aquaintance (33%) report receiving assistance from non-police victim service Stranger (30%) Stranger (39%) Intimate partner (15%) WellIntimate Known/Casual partner Acquaintances (13%) agencies compared to individuals without a disability. Other relative (10%) Other relative (6%) Overall, only a small percentage of violent crime victims Strangers Unknown (5%) Unknown (9%) B receive victim services. Intimate Partner Well Known/Casual Acquaintances Victims Who Receive ServicesB Other Relatives Strangers by disability status Unknown Intimate Partner Victims without 8 Other Relatives disabilities SOURCES Unknown Victims with 12 A Beckie Child et al., “Understanding the Experience of Crime Victims with disabilities Disabilities and Deaf Victims,” J of Policy Practice vol. 10, 4(2011): 247-67, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15588742.2011.605829 15% B Bureau of Justice Statistics, Crime Against Persons with Disabilities, 2009- 2015 Statistical Tables, (U.S. Department of Justice, 2017), https://www.bjs. NOTES gov/content/pub/pdf/capd0913st.pdf 1 Violent victimization encompasses rape, sexual assault, robbery, aggra- C Children’s Bureau, Child Maltreatment 2013, (U.S. Department of Health vated assault, and simple assault. Serious violent victimization excludes & Human Services, 2015), https://www.acf.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/cb/ simple assault. cm2013.pdf 2 The term “disability” encompasses a wide range of physical, mental, and emotional limitations. To quantify victims’ experiences, researchers group disabilities into various categories. Common terms include: physical, ambulatory, vision, hearing; mental, cognitive, intellectual, memory, emo- tional, behavioral; and autonomy, self-care, independent living..
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